2C (2C-x) is a general name for the family of
psychedelicphenethylamines containing
methoxy groups on the 2 and 5
positions of a
benzene ring.[1] Most of these compounds also carry
lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more
metabolically stable and longer acting compounds.[2] Most of the currently known 2C compounds were first synthesized by
Alexander Shulgin in the 1970s and 1980s and published in his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved). Shulgin also coined the term 2C, being an
acronym for the 2 carbon atoms between the benzene ring and the
amino group.[3]
^Alexander Shulgin, Tania Manning and Paul F Daley. The Shulgin Index. Volume 1. Psychedelic Phenethylamines and Related Compounds. Transform Press, 2011.
ISBN978-0-9630096-3-0
^Daniel Trachsel, David Lehmann and Christoph Enzensperger. Phenethylamine Von der Struktur zur Funktion, pp 762-810. Nachtschatten Verlag AG, 2013.
ISBN978-3-03788-700-4
^Takahashi M, Nagashima M, Suzuki J, Seto T, Yasuda I, Yoshida T. Creation and application of psychoactive designer drugs data library using liquid chromatography with photodiode array spectrophotometry detector and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Talanta, 15 Feb 2009, 77(4): 1245–1272.
doi:
10.1016/j.talanta.2008.07.062
^Leth-Petersen S, Petersen IN, Jensen AA, Bundgaard C, Bæk M, Kehler J, Kristensen JL. 5-HT2A/5-HT2C receptor pharmacology and intrinsic clearance of N-benzylphenethylamines modified at the primary site of metabolism. ACS Chem. Neurosci., 16 Nov 2016, 7 (11), 1614–1619.
doi:
10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00265
^Daniel Trachsel (2003). "Synthesis of novel (phenylalkyl)amines for the investigation of structure-activity relationships. Part 2. 4-Thio-substituted [2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]amines (=2,5-dimethoxybenzeneethanamines)". Helvetica Chimica Acta. 86 (7): 2610–2619.
doi:
10.1002/hlca.200390210.
^Varty GB, Canal CE, Mueller TA, Hartsel JA, Tyagi R, Avery K, Morgan ME, Reichelt AC, Pathare P, Stang E, Palfreyman MG, Nivorozhkin A. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Substituted Phenethylamines and the Discovery of CYB210010: A Potent, Orally Bioavailable and Long-Acting Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonist. J Med Chem. 2024 Apr 25;67(8):6144-6188.
doi:
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01961PMID38593423
^Daniel Trachsel; David Lehmann & Christoph Enzensperger (2013). Phenethylamine: Von der Struktur zur Funktion. Nachtschatten Verlag AG.
ISBN978-3-03788-700-4.
† References for all endogenous human TAAR1 ligands are provided at
List of trace amines
‡ References for synthetic TAAR1 agonists can be found at
TAAR1 or in the associated compound articles. For TAAR2 and TAAR5 agonists and inverse agonists, see
TAAR for references.
2C (2C-x) is a general name for the family of
psychedelicphenethylamines containing
methoxy groups on the 2 and 5
positions of a
benzene ring.[1] Most of these compounds also carry
lipophilic substituents at the 4 position, usually resulting in more potent and more
metabolically stable and longer acting compounds.[2] Most of the currently known 2C compounds were first synthesized by
Alexander Shulgin in the 1970s and 1980s and published in his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines i Have Known And Loved). Shulgin also coined the term 2C, being an
acronym for the 2 carbon atoms between the benzene ring and the
amino group.[3]
^Alexander Shulgin, Tania Manning and Paul F Daley. The Shulgin Index. Volume 1. Psychedelic Phenethylamines and Related Compounds. Transform Press, 2011.
ISBN978-0-9630096-3-0
^Daniel Trachsel, David Lehmann and Christoph Enzensperger. Phenethylamine Von der Struktur zur Funktion, pp 762-810. Nachtschatten Verlag AG, 2013.
ISBN978-3-03788-700-4
^Takahashi M, Nagashima M, Suzuki J, Seto T, Yasuda I, Yoshida T. Creation and application of psychoactive designer drugs data library using liquid chromatography with photodiode array spectrophotometry detector and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Talanta, 15 Feb 2009, 77(4): 1245–1272.
doi:
10.1016/j.talanta.2008.07.062
^Leth-Petersen S, Petersen IN, Jensen AA, Bundgaard C, Bæk M, Kehler J, Kristensen JL. 5-HT2A/5-HT2C receptor pharmacology and intrinsic clearance of N-benzylphenethylamines modified at the primary site of metabolism. ACS Chem. Neurosci., 16 Nov 2016, 7 (11), 1614–1619.
doi:
10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00265
^Daniel Trachsel (2003). "Synthesis of novel (phenylalkyl)amines for the investigation of structure-activity relationships. Part 2. 4-Thio-substituted [2-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]amines (=2,5-dimethoxybenzeneethanamines)". Helvetica Chimica Acta. 86 (7): 2610–2619.
doi:
10.1002/hlca.200390210.
^Varty GB, Canal CE, Mueller TA, Hartsel JA, Tyagi R, Avery K, Morgan ME, Reichelt AC, Pathare P, Stang E, Palfreyman MG, Nivorozhkin A. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-Substituted Phenethylamines and the Discovery of CYB210010: A Potent, Orally Bioavailable and Long-Acting Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonist. J Med Chem. 2024 Apr 25;67(8):6144-6188.
doi:
10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01961PMID38593423
^Daniel Trachsel; David Lehmann & Christoph Enzensperger (2013). Phenethylamine: Von der Struktur zur Funktion. Nachtschatten Verlag AG.
ISBN978-3-03788-700-4.
† References for all endogenous human TAAR1 ligands are provided at
List of trace amines
‡ References for synthetic TAAR1 agonists can be found at
TAAR1 or in the associated compound articles. For TAAR2 and TAAR5 agonists and inverse agonists, see
TAAR for references.