Nuclear respiratory factor 1, also known as Nrf1, Nrf-1, NRF1 and NRF-1, encodes a protein that
homodimerizes and functions as a
transcription factor which activates the expression of some key
metabolic genes regulating cellular growth and nuclear genes required for respiration,
heme biosynthesis, and
mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication. The protein has also been associated with the regulation of
neurite outgrowth. Alternate
transcriptional splice variants, which encode the same protein, have been characterized. Additional variants encoding different protein
isoforms have been described but they have not been fully characterized. Confusion has occurred in bibliographic databases due to the shared symbol of NRF1 for this gene and for "nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 1" which has an official symbol of
NFE2L1.[citation needed]
Function
Nrf1 functions as a transcription factor that activates the expression of some key metabolic genes regulating
cellular growth and nuclear genes required for mitochondrial respiration, and
mitochondrial DNA
transcription and
replication. Nrf1, together with
Nrf2, mediates the
biogenomic coordination between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes by directly regulating the expression of several nuclear-encoded
ETC proteins, and indirectly regulating the three mitochondrial-encoded
COX subunit genes by activating
mtTFA,
mtTFB1, and
mtTFB2.
Nrf1 is associated with the regulation of
neurite outgrowth.[5]
Alternate transcriptional splice variants, which encode the same protein, have been characterized. Additional variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described but they have not been fully characterized.[6]
Cyclin D1-dependent kinase, through phosphorylating NRF-1 at S47, coordinates nuclear DNA synthesis and mitochondrial function.[7]
^Herzig RP, Andersson U, Scarpulla RC (December 2000). "Dynein light chain interacts with NRF-1 and EWG, structurally and functionally related transcription factors from humans and drosophila". J. Cell Sci. 113 (23): 4263–73.
doi:
10.1242/jcs.113.23.4263.
PMID11069771.
Tiranti V, Rossi E, Rocchi M, DiDonato S, Zuffardi O, Zeviani M (1995). "The gene (NFE2L1) for human NRF-1, an activator involved in nuclear-mitochondrial interactions, maps to 7q32". Genomics. 27 (3): 555–7.
doi:
10.1006/geno.1995.1094.
PMID7558044.
Nuclear respiratory factor 1, also known as Nrf1, Nrf-1, NRF1 and NRF-1, encodes a protein that
homodimerizes and functions as a
transcription factor which activates the expression of some key
metabolic genes regulating cellular growth and nuclear genes required for respiration,
heme biosynthesis, and
mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication. The protein has also been associated with the regulation of
neurite outgrowth. Alternate
transcriptional splice variants, which encode the same protein, have been characterized. Additional variants encoding different protein
isoforms have been described but they have not been fully characterized. Confusion has occurred in bibliographic databases due to the shared symbol of NRF1 for this gene and for "nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 1" which has an official symbol of
NFE2L1.[citation needed]
Function
Nrf1 functions as a transcription factor that activates the expression of some key metabolic genes regulating
cellular growth and nuclear genes required for mitochondrial respiration, and
mitochondrial DNA
transcription and
replication. Nrf1, together with
Nrf2, mediates the
biogenomic coordination between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes by directly regulating the expression of several nuclear-encoded
ETC proteins, and indirectly regulating the three mitochondrial-encoded
COX subunit genes by activating
mtTFA,
mtTFB1, and
mtTFB2.
Nrf1 is associated with the regulation of
neurite outgrowth.[5]
Alternate transcriptional splice variants, which encode the same protein, have been characterized. Additional variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described but they have not been fully characterized.[6]
Cyclin D1-dependent kinase, through phosphorylating NRF-1 at S47, coordinates nuclear DNA synthesis and mitochondrial function.[7]
^Herzig RP, Andersson U, Scarpulla RC (December 2000). "Dynein light chain interacts with NRF-1 and EWG, structurally and functionally related transcription factors from humans and drosophila". J. Cell Sci. 113 (23): 4263–73.
doi:
10.1242/jcs.113.23.4263.
PMID11069771.
Tiranti V, Rossi E, Rocchi M, DiDonato S, Zuffardi O, Zeviani M (1995). "The gene (NFE2L1) for human NRF-1, an activator involved in nuclear-mitochondrial interactions, maps to 7q32". Genomics. 27 (3): 555–7.
doi:
10.1006/geno.1995.1094.
PMID7558044.