1923 (
MCMXXIII) was a
common year starting on Monday of the
Gregorian calendar, the 1923rd year of the
Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 923rd year of the
2nd millennium, the 23rd year of the
20th century, and the 4th year of the
1920s decade. As of the start of 1923, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was relegated that February to use only by churches after
Greece adopted the Gregorian calendar.
March 9 –
Vladimir Lenin suffers his third stroke, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires from his position as Chairman of the
Soviet government.
Southeastern
Michigan receives a record 15 centimetres (5.9 in) of snow, after temperatures plummeted from 17 °F to 1 °F (-8 °C to -17 °C) between 1 and 6 pm on the previous day.[6]
June 13 – President
Li Yuanhong of
China abandons his residence because a warlord has commanded forces to surround the mansion and cut off its water and electric supplies in order to force him to abandon his post.
July –
Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic (Germany) sees the number of marks needed to purchase a single American dollar reach 353,000 – more than 200 times the amount needed at the start of the year.
The
Kantō Massacre begins and continues for several weeks. Ethnic Koreans are killed by lynch mobs based on rumors that Koreans are committing crimes and plotting to overthrow the government. The death toll (and even the occurrence of) the massacre is disputed, with figures ranging from a few dozen to over 6,000 deaths. Most of the deaths are of Korean people, although other ethnic minorities and even Japanese people with unusual dialects are also killed.[8][9][10]
September 6 – The
Fukuda Village Incident occurs as a part of the larger Kantō Massacre. Nine Japanese people, including a pregnant woman and children, are killed based on false beliefs that they are ethnic Koreans.[12][13][14]
September 7 – At the International Police Conference in Vienna, the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC), better known as
Interpol, is set up.
September 11 – Struggling for a foothold in southern China,
Sun Yat-sen decides to ally his Nationalist Kuomintang party with the Comintern and the Chinese Communist Party.
October 23 –
Hamburg Uprising: In Germany, the Communists attempt a putsch in Hamburg, which results in street battles in that city for the next two days, when it ends unsuccessfully.
October 27 – In Germany, General
Hans von Seeckt orders the Reichswehr to dissolve the Social Democratic-Communist government of Saxony, which is refusing to accept the authority of the Reich government.
November 8 –
Beer Hall Putsch: In
Munich,
Adolf Hitler leads the
Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day. 20 people die as a result of associated violence.
December 1 – In
Italy, the
Gleno Dam on the Gleno River, in the Valle di Scalve in the northern province of Bergamo bursts, killing at least 356 people.
^Mariz Tadros (March 18–24, 1999).
"Unity in diversity". Al Ahram Weekly (421). Archived from
the original on May 30, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
^James Campbell (November 12, 2007).
"Obituary: Norman Mailer". the Guardian.
Archived from the original on October 7, 2015. Retrieved October 11, 2015.
1923 (
MCMXXIII) was a
common year starting on Monday of the
Gregorian calendar, the 1923rd year of the
Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 923rd year of the
2nd millennium, the 23rd year of the
20th century, and the 4th year of the
1920s decade. As of the start of 1923, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was relegated that February to use only by churches after
Greece adopted the Gregorian calendar.
March 9 –
Vladimir Lenin suffers his third stroke, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires from his position as Chairman of the
Soviet government.
Southeastern
Michigan receives a record 15 centimetres (5.9 in) of snow, after temperatures plummeted from 17 °F to 1 °F (-8 °C to -17 °C) between 1 and 6 pm on the previous day.[6]
June 13 – President
Li Yuanhong of
China abandons his residence because a warlord has commanded forces to surround the mansion and cut off its water and electric supplies in order to force him to abandon his post.
July –
Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic (Germany) sees the number of marks needed to purchase a single American dollar reach 353,000 – more than 200 times the amount needed at the start of the year.
The
Kantō Massacre begins and continues for several weeks. Ethnic Koreans are killed by lynch mobs based on rumors that Koreans are committing crimes and plotting to overthrow the government. The death toll (and even the occurrence of) the massacre is disputed, with figures ranging from a few dozen to over 6,000 deaths. Most of the deaths are of Korean people, although other ethnic minorities and even Japanese people with unusual dialects are also killed.[8][9][10]
September 6 – The
Fukuda Village Incident occurs as a part of the larger Kantō Massacre. Nine Japanese people, including a pregnant woman and children, are killed based on false beliefs that they are ethnic Koreans.[12][13][14]
September 7 – At the International Police Conference in Vienna, the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC), better known as
Interpol, is set up.
September 11 – Struggling for a foothold in southern China,
Sun Yat-sen decides to ally his Nationalist Kuomintang party with the Comintern and the Chinese Communist Party.
October 23 –
Hamburg Uprising: In Germany, the Communists attempt a putsch in Hamburg, which results in street battles in that city for the next two days, when it ends unsuccessfully.
October 27 – In Germany, General
Hans von Seeckt orders the Reichswehr to dissolve the Social Democratic-Communist government of Saxony, which is refusing to accept the authority of the Reich government.
November 8 –
Beer Hall Putsch: In
Munich,
Adolf Hitler leads the
Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government; police and troops crush the attempt the next day. 20 people die as a result of associated violence.
December 1 – In
Italy, the
Gleno Dam on the Gleno River, in the Valle di Scalve in the northern province of Bergamo bursts, killing at least 356 people.
^Mariz Tadros (March 18–24, 1999).
"Unity in diversity". Al Ahram Weekly (421). Archived from
the original on May 30, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
^James Campbell (November 12, 2007).
"Obituary: Norman Mailer". the Guardian.
Archived from the original on October 7, 2015. Retrieved October 11, 2015.