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Calendar year
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1853 .
1853 (
MDCCCLIII ) was a
common year starting on Saturday of the
Gregorian calendar and a
common year starting on Thursday of the
Julian calendar , the 1853rd year of the
Common Era (CE) and
Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 853rd year of the
2nd millennium , the 53rd year of the
19th century , and the 4th year of the
1850s decade. As of the start of 1853, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
Events
January–March
January 6 –
Florida Governor
Thomas Brown signs legislation that provides public support for the new East Florida Seminary, leading to the establishment of the
University of Florida .
January 8 –
Taiping Rebellion :
Zeng Guofan is ordered to assist the governor of
Hunan in organising a militia force to search for local bandits.
January 12 – Taiping Rebellion: The Taiping army occupies
Wuchang .
January 19 –
Giuseppe Verdi 's opera
Il Trovatore premieres in performance at
Teatro Apollo in Rome.
February 10 – Taiping Rebellion: Taiping forces assemble at
Hanyang ,
Hankou , and
Wuchang , for the march on
Nanjing .
February 12 – The city of
Puerto Montt is founded in the
Reloncaví Sound ,
Chile .
February 22 –
Washington University in St. Louis is founded as Eliot Seminary.
March – The clothing company
Levi Strauss & Co. is founded in the United States.
[1]
March 4 –
Inauguration of Franklin Pierce as 14th President of the United States (his only child was killed in a
train accident on
January 6 ).
March 5 – Saint Paul Fire and Marine, as predecessor of
The Travelers Companies , a worldwide
insurance service , founded in
Minnesota , United States.
March 20 – Taiping Rebellion: A rebel army of around 750,000 seizes Nanjing, killing 30,000 Imperial troops.
March 29 –
Manchester is granted
city status in the United Kingdom .
[2]
[3]
April–June
July–September
October–December
Battle of Sinop , the last major naval battle involving sailing warships.
October 1 –
C. Bechstein 's piano factory is founded, one of three established in a "golden year" in the history of the
piano (
Julius Blüthner and
Steinway & Sons being the others).
October 4 –
5 –
Crimean War : The
Ottoman Empire begins war with Russia.
October 4 – On the east coast of the United States,
Donald McKay launches the
Great Republic , the world's biggest
sailing ship , which at 4,500 tons is too large to be successful.
October 25 – In
Munich , the art museum
Neue Pinakothek opened.
October 28 –
Crimean War : The Ottoman army crosses the
Danube into
Vidin /
Calafat ,
Wallachia .
October 30 –
Taiping Rebellion : The Taiping Northern Expeditionary Force comes within 3 miles (4.8 km) of
Tianjin .
November 3 – Troops of
William Walker capture
La Paz in
Baja California Territory and declare the (short-lived)
Republic of Sonora .
November 4 –
Crimean War :
Battle of Oltenitza – Turkish forces defeat the Russians.
November 15 –
Maria II of Portugal is succeeded by her son
Pedro V .
November 30 (
November 18
O.S. ) –
Crimean War :
Battle of Sinop – The Russian fleet destroys the
Turkish fleet.
December 6 –
Taiping Rebellion : French
minister de Bourboulon arrives at the Heavenly Capital, aboard the Cassini .
December 14 – Compagnie Générale des Eaux, predecessor of
Vivendi and
Veolia , a global media
conglomerate , is founded in
Paris , France.
December 30 –
Gadsden Purchase : The United States buys approximately 77,000 square kilometres (30,000 sq mi) of land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest.
Date unknown
Births
January–June
Vincent van Gogh
Ella Eaton Kellogg
January 1 –
Karl von Einem , German general (d.
1934 )
January 16
January 18 –
Eusebio Hernández Pérez , Cuban eugenicist, obstetrician, and guerrilla (d.
1933 )
January 28
January 29 –
Kitasato Shibasaburō , Japanese physician, bacteriologist (d.
1931 )
February 4 –
Kaneko Kentarō , Japanese politician, diplomat (d.
1942 )
February 18 –
Ernest Fenollosa , Catalan-American philosopher (d.
1908 )
February 22 –
Annie Le Porte Diggs , Canadian-born state
librarian of
Kansas (d.
1916 )
March 2 –
Ella Loraine Dorsey , American author, journalist, and translator (d.
1935 )
March 5 –
Howard Pyle , American artist, fiction writer (d.
1911 )
March 10 –
Thomas Mackenzie , 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d.
1930 )
March 13 –
Robert William Felkin , British writer (d.
1926 )
March 14 –
Ferdinand Hodler , Swiss painter (d.
1918 )
March 25 –
Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar , 5th Qajarid Shah of Persia (d.
1907 )
March 27 –
Yakov Zhilinsky , Russian general (d.
1918 )
March 29 –
Elihu Thomson , English-American engineer, inventor, co-founder of
General Electric (d.
1937 )
March 30 –
Vincent van Gogh , Dutch painter (d.
1890 )
April 6 –
Emil Jellinek , German automobile entrepreneur (d.
1918 )
April 7
April 22 –
Alphonse Bertillon , French police officer, forensic scientist (d.
1914 )
April 30 –
Alexey Abaza , Russian admiral and politician (d.
1917 )
May 4 –
Marie Robinson Wright , American travel writer (d.
1914 )
May 20
May 28 –
Carl Larsson , Swedish painter (d.
1919 )
June 3 –
William Flinders Petrie , English Egyptologist (d.
1942 )
June 12 –
Chester Adgate Congdon , American mining magnate (d.
1916 )
July–December
Cecil Rhodes
Hendrik Lorentz
Albrecht Kossel
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes
Teresa Carreño
July 4 –
Ernst Otto Beckmann , German chemist (d.
1923 )
July 5 –
Cecil Rhodes , English businessman (d.
1902 )
July 10 –
Percy Scott , British admiral (d.
1924 )
July 18 –
Hendrik Lorentz , Dutch physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1928 )
July 24 –
William Gillette , American actor, playwright and stage-manager (d.
1937 )
July 26 –
Philip Cowen , American Jewish publisher and author (d.
1943 )
July 29 –
Ioan Culcer , Romanian general and politician (d.
1928 )
August 23 –
João Marques de Oliveira , Portuguese painter (d.
1927 )
August 28
September 1 –
Aleksei Brusilov , Russian general (d.
1926 )
September 2 –
Wilhelm Ostwald , German chemist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1932 )
September 6 –
Katherine Eleanor Conway , American journalist, editor, poet, and
Laetare Medalist (d.
1927 )
September 16 –
Albrecht Kossel , German physician, recipient of the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.
1927 )
September 20 –
Chulalongkorn , Rama V, King of Siam (d.
1910 )
September 21 –
Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , Dutch physicist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d.
1926 )
September 23 –
Fritz von Below , German general (d.
1918 )
October 4 –
Jane Maria Read , American poet and teacher (unknown year of death)
October 13 –
Lillie Langtry , English stage actress (d.
1929 )
October 14 –
John William Kendrick , American railroad executive (d.
1924 )
October 16 –
Thadeus von Sivers ,
Baltic German -born Russian general (death date unknown)
October 17 –
Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia , wife of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh (d.
1920 )
October 26 –
Tokugawa Akitake , Japanese
daimyō , the last lord of
Mito Domain , younger brother of the last
shōgun
Tokugawa Yoshinobu (d.
1910 )
October 30 –
Louise Abbéma , French painter, sculptor, and designer of the Belle Époque (d.
1927 )
November 9 –
Stanford White , American architect (d.
1906 )
November 13 –
John Drew, Jr. , American stage actor (d.
1927 )
November 18 –
Leopold Poetsch , Austrian history teacher, high school teacher of
Adolf Hitler and
Adolf Eichmann (d.
1942 )
November 20 –
Oskar Potiorek , Austro-Hungarian general (d.
1933 )
November 29 –
Panagiotis Danglis , Greek general, politician (d.
1924 )
[11]
December 6 –
Hara Prasad Shastri , Indian academic, Sanskrit scholar, archivist and historian of Bengali literature (d.
1931 )
December 14 –
Errico Malatesta , Italian anarchist (d.
1932 )
December 17 –
Émile Roux , French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist (d.
1933 )
December 21 –
Noda Utarō , Japanese entrepreneur and politician (d.
1927 )
December 22
December 23 –
William Henry Moody , 35th
United States Secretary of the Navy , 45th
United States Attorney General , and
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d.
1917 )
December 31 –
Tasker H. Bliss , American general (d.
1930 )
Date unknown
Deaths
January–June
Christian Doppler
January 8 –
Mihály Bertalanits ,
Slovene (
Prekmurje Slovene ) poet in the
Kingdom of Hungary (b.
1788 )
January 16
January 19 –
Karl Faber , German historian (b.
1773 )
January 22 –
Méry von Bruiningk , Estonian democrat (b.
1818 )
February 4 –
Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil , daughter of Emperor
Pedro I of Brazil (b.
1831 )
February 6 –
Anastasio Bustamante , 4th
President of Mexico (b.
1780 )
February 15 –
August, Prince of Hohenlohe-Öhringen (b.
1784 )
March 17 –
Christian Doppler , Austrian mathematician (b.
1803 )
March 30 –
Abigail Fillmore ,
First Lady of the United States (b.
1798 )
April 18 –
William R. King ,
13th
Vice President of the United States (b.
1786 )
April 28 –
Ludwig Tieck , German writer (b.
1773 )
May 18 –
Lionel Kieseritzky , Baltic-German chess player (b.
1806 )
June 2
June 7 –
Giuseppina Ronzi de Begnis , Italian opera singer (b.
1800 )
June 8 –
Howard Vyse , English soldier and Egyptologist (b.
1784 )
June 27 –
Lewis Brian Adams , English painter (b.
1809 )
July–December
Georg Friedrich Grotefend
Maria White Lowell
July 27 –
Tokugawa Ieyoshi , 12th
shōgun of the
Tokugawa shogunate of Japan (b.
1793 )
August 9 –
Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński , Polish philosopher (b.
1776 )
August 19 –
George Cockburn , British naval commander (b.
1772 )
August 21 –
Maria Quitéria , Brazilian national heroine (b.
1792 )
August 23 –
Alexander Calder , first mayor of
Beaumont, Texas (b.
1806 )
August 29 –
Charles James Napier , British army general and colonial administrator (b.
1782 )
September 3 –
Augustin Saint-Hilaire , French botanist, traveller (b.
1799 )
September 6 –
George Bradshaw , English timetable publisher (b.
1800 )
October 2 –
François Arago , French Catalan mathematician, physicist, astronomer and politician (b.
1786 )
October 3 –
George Onslow , French composer (b.
1784 )
October 5 –
Mahlon Dickerson , American judge, politician (b.
1770 )
October 13 –
Jan Cock Blomhoff , Dutch
director of
Dejima , Japan (b.
1779 )
October 22 –
Juan Antonio Lavalleja , Uruguayan military, political figure (b.
1784 )
October 27 –
Maria White Lowell , American abolitionist (b.
1821 )
November 15 – Queen
Maria II of Portugal (b.
1819 )
December 15 –
Georg Friedrich Grotefend , German epigraphist, philologist (b.
1775 )
December 23 –
Juliette Bussière Laforest-Courtois , Haitian journalist (b.
1789 )
Date unknown
References
^ Downey, Lynn (2008).
"Levi Strauss: a short biography" (PDF) . Levi Strauss & Co. Archived from
the original (PDF) on July 23, 2011. Retrieved January 1, 2011 .
^
"No. 21426" .
The London Gazette . April 1, 1853. pp. 950–951.
^
"The City of Manchester" .
The Guardian . Manchester. April 2, 1853. Retrieved November 14, 2016 .
^ Pritchett, Jonathan B.; Tunali, Insan (1995). "Strangers' Disease: Determinants of Yellow Fever Mortality during the New Orleans Epidemic of 1853". Explorations in Economic History . 32 (4): 517–539.
doi :
10.1006/exeh.1995.1022 .
^ Lorimer, John (1915). Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf . Bombay: British Government.
^
"Tissot - The Watch Brand 2020" .
YouTube .
Archived from the original on December 11, 2021.
^
"Otis Opened Elevator Factory" . www.americaslibrary.gov . Retrieved January 18, 2021 .
^
"Our History" . Standard Chartered. Retrieved August 7, 2012 .
^
"Hong Kong banknotes" . World Paper Money Catalog and History . 2010. Retrieved August 7, 2012 .
^ Corporation, I. H. I.
"The history of IHI|About IHI|IHI Corporation" . IHI Corporation . Retrieved February 8, 2021 .
^ Zelepos, Ioannis (September 29, 2017).
Kleine Geschichte Griechenlands: Von der Staatsgründung bis heute .
C.H.Beck . p. 79.
ISBN
9783406714825 .