From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Day of the year
September 23 is the 266th day of the year (267th in
leap years ) in the
Gregorian calendar ; 99 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
Births
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1642 –
Giovanni Maria Bononcini , Italian violinist and composer (d. 1678)
1647 –
Joseph Dudley , English politician,
Governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay (d. 1720)
1650 –
Jeremy Collier , English bishop and theologian (d. 1726)
1713 –
Ferdinand VI of Spain (d. 1759)
1740 –
Empress Go-Sakuramachi of Japan (d. 1813)
1756 –
John Loudon McAdam , Scottish engineer (d. 1836)
[12]
1771 –
Emperor Kōkaku of Japan (d. 1840)
1778 –
Mariano Moreno , Argentinian journalist, lawyer, and politician (d. 1811)
1781 –
Princess Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (d. 1860)
1791 –
Johann Franz Encke , German astronomer and academic (d. 1865)
1791 –
Theodor Körner , German soldier and author (d. 1813)
1800 –
William Holmes McGuffey , American author and academic (d. 1873)
1819 –
Hippolyte Fizeau , French physicist and academic (d. 1896)
1823 –
John Colton , English-Australian politician, 13th
Premier of South Australia (d. 1902)
1838 –
Victoria Woodhull , American journalist and activist (d. 1927)
1851 –
Ellen Hayes , American mathematician and astronomer (d. 1930)
1852 –
James Carroll Beckwith , American painter and academic (d. 1917)
1852 –
William Stewart Halsted , American physician and surgeon (d. 1922)
1853 –
Princess Marie Elisabeth of Saxe-Meiningen (d. 1923)
1861 –
Robert Bosch , German engineer and businessman, founded
Robert Bosch GmbH (d. 1942)
1863 –
Mary Church Terrell , American author and activist (d. 1954)
1865 –
Pekka Halonen , Finnish painter (d. 1933)
1865 –
Emma Orczy , Hungarian-English author and playwright (d. 1947)
1865 –
Suzanne Valadon , French model and painter (d. 1938)
1867 –
John Lomax , American teacher, musicologist, and folklorist (d. 1948)
1869 –
Mary Mallon , American cook and
typhoid carrier (d. 1938)
[13]
1876 –
Moshe Zvi Segal , Israeli rabbi and scholar (d. 1968)
1880 –
John Boyd Orr, 1st Baron Boyd-Orr , Scottish biologist, physician, and politician,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1971)
1889 –
Walter Lippmann , American journalist and publisher, co-founded
The New Republic (d. 1974)
1890 –
Friedrich Paulus , German general (d. 1957)
1895 –
Miron Merzhanov , Russian architect and engineer (d. 1975)
1895 –
Johnny Mokan , American baseball player (d. 1985)
1897 –
Paul Delvaux , Belgian painter (d. 1994)
1897 –
Walter Pidgeon , Canadian-American actor and singer (d. 1984)
1898 –
Les Haylen , Australian journalist and politician (d. 1977)
1899 –
Tom C. Clark , American lawyer and judge, 59th
Attorney General of the United States (d. 1977)
1899 –
Louise Nevelson , American sculptor (d. 1988)
1900 –
Bill Stone , English soldier (d. 2009)
1901–present
1901 –
Jaroslav Seifert , Czech poet and journalist,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1986)
1902 –
Su Buqing , Chinese mathematician and academic (d. 2003)
1903 –
Cec Fifield , Australian rugby league player and coach (d. 1957)
1904 –
Arthur Folwell , English-Australian rugby league player, coach, and administrator (d. 1966)
1906 –
Charles Ritchie , Canadian diplomat,
High Commission of Canada in the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
1907 –
Tiny Bradshaw , American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 1958)
1907 –
Anne Desclos , French journalist and author (d. 1998)
[14]
1907 –
Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza (d. 1976)
1908 –
Ramdhari Singh Dinkar , Indian poet, academic, and politician (d. 1974)
1909 –
Lorenc Antoni , Kosovo-Albanian composer and conductor (d. 1991)
1910 –
Jakob Streit , Swiss anthroposophist and author (d. 2009)
1911 –
Frank Moss , American lawyer and politician (d. 2003)
1912 –
Ghulam Mustafa Khan , Pakistani linguist, author, and critic (d. 2005)
1912 –
Tony Smith , American sculptor and educator (d. 1980)
1913 –
Carl-Henning Pedersen , Danish painter and sculptor (d. 2007)
1915 –
Julius Baker , American flute player and educator (d. 2003)
1915 –
Clifford Shull , American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2001)
1916 –
Aldo Moro , Italian academic and politician, 39th
Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1978)
1917 –
El Santo , Mexican Luchador enmascarado, film actor, and folk icon (d. 1984)
1917 –
Asima Chatterjee , Indian chemist (d. 2006)
1920 –
Mickey Rooney , American actor, singer, director, and producer (d. 2014)
[15]
1923 –
Mohamed Hassanein Heikal , Egyptian journalist (d. 2016)
1923 –
Vello Helk , Estonian-Danish historian and author (d. 2014)
1924 –
Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal , Nicaraguan journalist and publisher (d. 1978)
1925 –
Denis C. Twitchett , English historian and scholar (d. 2006)
1926 –
André Cassagnes , French toy maker, created the
Etch A Sketch (d. 2013)
1926 –
John Coltrane , American saxophonist and composer (d. 1967)
[15]
1928 –
Frank Foster , American saxophonist and composer (d. 2011)
1928 –
Roger Grimsby , American journalist and actor (d. 1995)
1930 –
Sehba Akhtar , Pakistani poet and songwriter (d. 1996)
1930 –
Colin Blakely , Northern Irish actor (d. 1987)
1930 –
Ray Charles , American singer-songwriter, pianist, and actor (d. 2004)
[15]
1931 –
Hilly Kristal , American businessman, founded
CBGB (d. 2007)
1931 –
Stan Lynde , American author and illustrator (d. 2013)
1931 –
Gerald Merrithew , Canadian educator and politician (d. 2004)
1932 –
Georg Keßler , German footballer and manager
1933 –
Lloyd J. Old , American immunologist and academic (d. 2011)
1934 –
Per Olov Enquist , Swedish journalist, author, and playwright (d. 2020)
1935 –
Prem Chopra , Pakistani-Indian actor
1935 –
Les McCann , American soul-jazz singer and pianist
1935 –
Ron Tindall , English-Australian footballer, cricketer, and manager (d. 2012)
1936 –
George Eastham , English footballer
1936 –
Valentín Paniagua , Peruvian lawyer and politician, 91st
President of Peru (d. 2006)
1936 –
Sylvain Saudan , Swiss skier
1936 –
Tareq Suheimat , Jordanian physician, general, and politician (d. 2014)
1937 –
Jacques Poulin , Canadian author and translator
1938 –
Romy Schneider , German-French actress (d. 1982)
1939 –
Henry Blofeld , English cricketer and journalist
1939 –
Roy Buchanan , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1988)
1939 –
Joan Hanham, Baroness Hanham , English politician
1939 –
Sonny Vaccaro , American businessman
1940 –
Michel Temer , Brazilian lawyer and politician, 25th
Vice President of Brazil
1940 –
Dick Thornett , Australian rugby player and water polo player (d. 2011)
1941 –
George Jackson , American activist and author, co-founded the
Black Guerrilla Family (d. 1971)
1941 –
Simon Nolet , Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1941 –
Norma Winstone , English singer-songwriter
1942 –
Sila María Calderón , Puerto Rican-American businesswoman and politician, 12th
Secretary of State of Puerto Rico
1942 –
Colin Low, Baron Low of Dalston , Scottish scholar and politician
1942 –
David Renneberg , Australian cricketer
1943 –
Julio Iglesias , Spanish singer-songwriter
[16]
1943 –
Marty Schottenheimer , American football player and coach (d. 2021)
1944 –
Eric Bogle , Scottish-Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist
1945 –
Igor Ivanov , Russian politician and diplomat,
Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs
1945 –
Alan Old , English rugby player
1945 –
Paul Petersen , American actor, singer, author, and activist
[16]
1946 –
Franz Fischler , Austrian politician
1946 –
Bernard Maris , French economist and journalist (d. 2015)
1946 –
Genista McIntosh, Baroness McIntosh , English politician
1946 –
Davorin Popović , Bosnian singer-songwriter (d. 2001)
1946 –
Anne Wheeler , Canadian director, producer, and screenwriter
1947 –
Christian Bordeleau , Canadian ice hockey player
1947 –
Mary Kay Place , American actress
[16]
1947 –
Neal Smith , American drummer and songwriter
1948 –
Dan Toler , American guitarist (d. 2013)
[15]
1949 –
Floella Benjamin , Trinidadian-English actress, academic, and politician
1949 –
Bruce Springsteen , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
[16]
1949 –
Kostas Tournas , Greek singer-songwriter
1950 –
George Garzone , American saxophonist and educator
1951 –
Steven Springer , American guitarist and songwriter (d. 2012)
1952 –
Mark Bego , American author
1952 –
Anshuman Gaekwad , Indian cricketer
1952 –
Dennis Lamp , American baseball player
1952 –
Kim Duk-soo , Korean musician
[17]
1952 –
Jim Morrison , American baseball player and manager
1953 –
Nicholas Witchell , English journalist
1954 –
Charlie Barnett , American actor (d. 1996)
1954 –
Cherie Blair , English lawyer and academic
1956 –
Peter David , American author, actor, and screenwriter
1956 –
Tom Hogan , Australian cricketer
1956 –
Paolo Rossi , Italian footballer (d. 2020)
1957 –
Rosalind Chao , American actress
[16]
1958 –
Danielle Dax , English singer-songwriter and producer
1958 –
Khaled El Sheikh , Bahraini singer-songwriter
1958 –
Tony Fossas , Cuban-American baseball player and coach
1958 –
Marvin Lewis , American football player and coach
1958 –
Larry Mize , American golfer
1959 –
Jason Alexander , American actor, singer, and voice artist
[16]
1959 –
Frank Cottrell-Boyce , English author and screenwriter
1959 –
Hans Nijman , Dutch mixed martial artist and wrestler (d. 2014)
1959 –
Chris O'Sullivan , Australian rugby league player
1959 –
Elizabeth Peña , American actress (d. 2014)
[15]
1959 –
Karen Pierce , English diplomat
1960 –
Kurt Beyer , American wrestler
1960 –
Luis Moya , Spanish race car driver
1961 –
Chi McBride , American actor
[16]
1961 –
William C. McCool , American commander, pilot, and astronaut (d. 2003)
1962 –
Deborah Orr , Scottish journalist (d. 2019)
[18]
1963 –
Anne-Marie Cadieux , Canadian actress, director, and screenwriter
1963 –
Alex Proyas , Egyptian-Australian director, producer, and screenwriter
1964 –
Clayton Blackmore , Welsh footballer and manager
1964 –
Josefa Idem , German-born Italian kayaker
[19]
1964 –
Koshi Inaba , Japanese singer-songwriter
1964 –
Larry Krystkowiak , American basketball player and coach
1964 –
Katie Mitchell , English director and producer
1964 –
Julian Parkhill , English biologist and academic
1964 –
Bill Phillips , American businessman and author
1965 –
Mark Woodforde , Australian tennis player and sportscaster
1966 –
Pete Harnisch , American baseball player and coach
1967 –
LisaRaye McCoy , American actress, model, fashion designer, and First Lady of the
Turks and Caicos Islands
[15]
1967 –
Chris Wilder , English footballer and manager
1968 –
Yvette Fielding , English actress and producer
1968 –
Adam Price , Welsh politician
1969 –
Donald Audette , Canadian ice hockey player
1969 –
Patrick Fiori , French singer-songwriter
1969 –
Jan Suchopárek , Czech footballer and manager
1970 –
Adrian Brunker , Australian rugby player
1970 –
Lucia Cifarelli , American singer-songwriter and keyboard player
1970 –
Ani DiFranco , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
[16]
1970 –
Giorgos Koltsidas , Greek footballer
1971 –
Moin Khan , Pakistani cricketer and coach
1971 –
Eric Montross , American basketball player and sportscaster (d. 2023)
1971 –
Sean Spicer , American political aide, 30th
White House Press Secretary
1972 –
Sam Bettens , Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist
[16]
1972 –
Alistair Campbell , Zimbabwean cricketer
1972 –
Jermaine Dupri , American rapper and producer
[16]
1972 –
Karl Pilkington , English actor and producer
1973 –
Ingrid Fliter , Argentinian pianist
1973 –
Vangelis Krios , Greek footballer and coach
1974 –
Ben Duckworth , Australian rugby league player
1974 –
Matt Hardy , American wrestler
1974 –
Layzie Bone , American rapper
1975 –
Kim Dong-moon , South Korean badminton player
1975 –
Chris Hawkins , English journalist and producer
1975 –
Eric Miller , Irish rugby player, footballer, and coach
1975 –
Vitali Yeremeyev , Kazakhstani ice hockey player
[20]
1976 –
Sarah Blasko , Australian singer-songwriter and producer
1976 –
Robert James-Collier , English actor
[21]
1976 –
Kip Pardue , American actor and model
1976 –
Valeriy Sydorenko , Ukrainian boxer
1976 –
Volodymyr Sydorenko , Ukrainian boxer
1977 –
Matthieu Descoteaux , Canadian ice hockey player
1977 –
Dmitri Kulikov , Estonian footballer
1977 –
Fabio Ongaro , Italian rugby player
1977 –
Rachael Yamagata , American singer-songwriter and pianist
[22]
1978 –
Benjamin Curtis , American guitarist, drummer, and songwriter (d. 2013)
1978 –
Anthony Mackie , American actor
[16]
1979 –
Ricky Davis , American basketball player
1979 –
Bryant McKinnie , American football player
1979 –
Fábio Simplício , Brazilian footballer
1979 –
Lote Tuqiri , Fijian-Australian rugby player
1981 –
Robert Doornbos , Dutch racing driver
1981 –
Helen Richardson-Walsh , English field hockey player
1982 –
Mait Künnap , Estonian tennis player
1982 –
Shyla Stylez , Canadian pornographic actress (d. 2017)
1983 –
Shane del Rosario , American mixed martial artist and kick-boxer (d. 2013)
1983 –
Joffrey Lupul , Canadian ice hockey player
1984 –
Patrick Ehelechner , German ice hockey player
1984 –
Matt Kemp , American baseball player
1984 –
Anneliese van der Pol , Dutch-American entertainer
[23]
1985 –
Joba Chamberlain , American baseball player
[24]
1985 –
Chris Johnson , American football player
[25]
1985 –
Cush Jumbo , British actress
[16]
1985 –
Lukáš Kašpar , Czech ice hockey player
1985 –
Hasan Minhaj , American comedian, actor, and television host
[15]
1986 –
Martin Cranie , English footballer
1986 –
Chris Volstad , American baseball player
[26]
1987 –
Skylar Astin , American actor and singer
[16]
1988 –
Juan Martín del Potro , Argentinian tennis player
[27]
1988 –
Kairi Sane , Japanese wrestler
[28]
1988 –
Yannick Weber , Swiss ice hockey player
1989 –
Brandon Jennings , American basketball player
1989 –
Taniela Lasalo , Australian rugby league player
1991 –
Lee Alexander , Scottish footballer
[29]
1991 –
Key , South Korean singer and entertainer
[30]
1991 –
Melanie Oudin , American tennis player
[31]
1992 –
Angel Garza , Mexican wrestler
[32]
1993 –
Petteri Lindbohm , Finnish ice hockey player
[33]
1994 –
Lee Mi-joo , South Korean singer and entertainer
[34]
1996 –
Napheesa Collier , American basketball player
[35]
1997 –
John Collins , American basketball player
[36]
1999 –
Song Yu-qi , Chinese singer
[37]
Deaths
Pre-1600
788 –
Ælfwald I , king of
Northumbria
965 –
Al-Mutanabbi , Arab poet (b. 915)
1193 –
Robert de Sablé , French knight
1241 –
Snorri Sturluson , Icelandic historian, poet, and politician (b. 1178)
1253 –
Wenceslaus I of Bohemia
1267 –
Beatrice of Provence , countess regnant of Provence (b. 1234)
1386 –
Dan I of Wallachia
1390 –
John I, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1346)
1448 –
Adolph I, Duke of Cleves (b. 1373)
1461 –
Charles, Prince of Viana , King of Navarre (b. 1421)
1508 –
Beatrice of Naples , queen consort of Hungary (b. 1457)
1535 –
Catherine of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1513)
1571 –
John Jewel , English bishop (b. 1522)
1573 –
Azai Hisamasa , Japanese warlord (b. 1524)
1601–1900
1605 –
Pontus de Tyard , French priest and poet (b. 1521)
1675 –
Valentin Conrart , French author, founded the
Académie française (b. 1603)
1728 –
Christian Thomasius , German jurist and philosopher (b. 1655)
1738 –
Herman Boerhaave , Dutch botanist and physician (b. 1668)
1764 –
Robert Dodsley , English poet and playwright (b. 1703)
1773 –
Johan Ernst Gunnerus , Norwegian bishop and botanist (b. 1718)
1789 –
John Rogers , American lawyer and politician (b. 1723)
1835 –
Vincenzo Bellini , Italian composer (b. 1801)
1851 –
Émilie Gamelin , Canadian nun, founded the
Sisters of Providence (b. 1800)
[38]
1846 –
John Ainsworth Horrocks , English-Australian explorer (b. 1818)
1850 –
José Gervasio Artigas , Uruguayan general and politician (b. 1764)
1870 –
Prosper Mérimée , French archaeologist and historian (b. 1803)
1871 –
Louis-Joseph Papineau , Canadian lawyer and politician (b. 1786)
1873 –
Jean Chacornac , French astronomer (b. 1823)
1877 –
Urbain Le Verrier , French mathematician and astronomer (b. 1811)
1889 –
Wilkie Collins , English novelist, short story writer, and playwright (b. 1824)
1896 –
Emmanuel Benner , French artist (b. 1836)
[39]
1900 –
William Marsh Rice , American businessman, founded
Rice University (b. 1816)
1901–present
1913 –
Donato Álvarez , Argentinian general (b. 1825)
1917 –
Werner Voss , German lieutenant and pilot (b. 1897)
1929 –
Richard Adolf Zsigmondy , Austrian-German chemist, physicist, and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865)
1939 –
Sigmund Freud , Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (b. 1856)
1939 –
Francisco León de la Barra , Mexican politician and diplomat, interim president, 1911 (b. 1863)
[40]
1940 –
Hale Holden , American businessman (b. 1869)
1943 –
Elinor Glyn , English author, screenwriter, and producer (b. 1864)
1944 –
Jakob Schaffner , Swiss author and critic (b. 1875)
1950 –
Sam Barry , American basketball player and coach (b. 1892)
1951 –
Siegfried Bettmann , German engineer (b. 1863)
[41]
1958 –
Jacob Nicol , Canadian publisher, lawyer, and politician (b. 1876)
1967 –
Stanislaus Zbyszko , Polish wrestler and strongman (b. 1879)
1968 –
Pio of Pietrelcina , Italian priest and saint (b. 1887)
1971 –
James Waddell Alexander II , American mathematician and topologist (b. 1888)
1973 –
Pablo Neruda , Chilean poet and diplomat,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
1974 –
Cliff Arquette , American actor and comedian (b. 1905)
1974 –
Robbie McIntosh , Scottish drummer (b. 1950)
1978 –
Lyman Bostock , American baseball player (b. 1950)
1979 –
Catherine Lacey , English actress (b. 1904)
1981 –
Chief Dan George , Canadian actor, author, and poet (b. 1899)
[42]
1987 –
Bob Fosse , American actor, dancer, choreographer, and director (b. 1927)
1988 –
Tibor Sekelj , Hungarian-Serbian explorer and author (b. 1912)
1992 –
Ivar Ivask , Estonian poet and scholar (b. 1927)
1992 –
Glendon Swarthout , American author and academic (b. 1918)
1992 –
James Van Fleet , American general (b. 1892)
1994 –
Jerry Barber , American golfer (b. 1916)
1994 –
Robert Bloch , American author and screenwriter (b. 1917)
1994 –
Madeleine Renaud , French actress (b. 1900)
1997 –
Natalie Savage Carlson , American author (b. 1906)
1998 –
Ray Bowden , English footballer (b. 1909)
1998 –
Mary Frann , American actress (b. 1943)
1999 –
Ivan Goff , Australian-American screenwriter and producer (b. 1910)
2000 –
Aurelio Rodríguez , Mexican baseball player and manager (b. 1947)
2000 –
Carl Rowan , American journalist and author (b. 1925)
2000 –
Raoul Berger , American attorney and law professor (b. 1901)
2001 –
Ron Hewitt , Welsh footballer (b. 1928)
2003 –
Yuri Senkevich , Russian physician and journalist (b. 1937)
2004 –
Billy Reay , Canadian-American ice hockey player and coach (b. 1918)
2005 –
Filiberto Ojeda Ríos , Puerto Rican activist (b. 1933)
2006 –
Malcolm Arnold , English trumpet player and composer (b. 1921)
2006 –
Etta Baker , American singer and guitarist (b. 1913)
2008 –
Peter Leonard , Australian journalist (b. 1942)
2008 –
Loren Pope , American journalist and author (b. 1910)
2009 –
Paul B. Fay , American sailor and politician,
United States Secretary of the Navy (b. 1918)
2010 –
Malcolm Douglas , Australian hunter and television host (b. 1941)
2012 –
Henry Champ , Canadian journalist and academic (b. 1937)
2012 –
Pavel Grachev , Russian general and politician, 1st
Minister of Defence for Russia (b. 1948)
2012 –
Roberto Rodríguez , Venezuelan baseball player and coach (b. 1941)
2012 –
Corrie Sanders , South African boxer (b. 1966)
2012 –
Sam Sniderman , Canadian businessman, founded
Sam the Record Man (b. 1920)
2013 –
Abdel Hamid al-Sarraj , Syrian colonel and politician (b. 1925)
2013 –
Gil Dozier , American captain, lawyer, and politician (b. 1934)
2013 –
Ruth Patrick , American botanist and immunologist (b. 1907)
2014 –
A. W. Davis , American basketball player and coach (b. 1943)
2014 –
Irven DeVore , American anthropologist and biologist (b. 1934)
2014 –
Don Manoukian , American football player and wrestler (b. 1934)
2014 –
Al Suomi , American ice hockey player and referee (b. 1913)
2015 –
Dayananda Saraswati , Indian monk and philosopher (b. 1930)
2018 –
Charles Kuen Kao , Hong Kong-American-British electrical engineer and physicist (b. 1933)
[43]
2018 –
Gary Kurtz , American film producer (b. 1940)
[44]
2018 –
Jane Fortune , American author, journalist, and philanthropist (b.1942)
[45]
2020 –
Juliette Gréco , French singer and actress (b. 1927)
[46]
2021 –
John Elliott , Australian businessman (b. 1941)
[47]
2021 –
Nino Vaccarella , Italian race car driver (b. 1933)
[48]
Holidays and observances
References
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ISBN
0-13-133463-8 .
^ Castex, Jean-Claude (2004).
Dictionnaire des batailles navales franco-anglaises . Presses de l'Université Laval. p. 21.
ISBN
9782763780610 .
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ISBN
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^ Thomas, Ewan (2010), John Paul Jones: Sailor, Hero, Father of the American Navy , Simon and Schuster, p. 170,
ISBN
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ISBN
9788131300343 .
^
Martinic Beros, Mateo (2003).
"La minería aurífera en la región austral americana (1869-1950)" .
Historia (in Spanish). 36 .
doi :
10.4067/S0717-71942003003600009 (inactive 31 January 2024). {{
cite journal }}
: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (
link )
^ Boor Tonn, Mari (2011). " 'From the Eye to the Soul': Industrial Labor's Mary Harris "Mother" Jones and the Rhetorics of Display". Rhetoric Society Quarterly . 41 (3).
Rhetoric Society of America : 231–249.
doi :
10.1080/02773945.2011.575325 .
JSTOR
23064465 .
S2CID
144700584 .
^
"Finnish college gunman kills 10" . BBC News . 23 September 2008. Retrieved 23 September 2020 .
^
"BBC - History - Augustus" . BBC . Retrieved 5 April 2021 .
^ Commire, Anne, ed. (2000). Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia . Vol. 6. Waterford: Yorkin Publications, Gale Group. p. 364.
ISBN
978-0-78764-065-1 .
^ Damon Greenleaf Douglas (1962).
John Loudon McAdam, His Contributions to Highway Technology . Cornell Univ. p. 36.
^
" 'Typhoid Mary' Dies Of A Stroke At 68. Carrier of Disease, Blamed for 51 Cases and 3 Deaths, but Immune" .
The New York Times . November 12, 1938. Archived from
the original on June 5, 2011. Retrieved February 28, 2010 .
^ Flower, John (17 January 2013).
Historical Dictionary of French Literature . Scarecrow Press. pp. 44–45.
ISBN
978-0-8108-7945-4 .
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^
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^
"Josefa Idem" . International Olympic Committee. Retrieved 23 April 2020 .
^
"Vitali Yeremeyev" .
National Hockey League . Retrieved 22 September 2023 .
^
My life in Downton Abbey by former Huddersfield student Rob James-Collier , YorkshireLive, 30 OCT 2012.
^
"Rachael Yamagata" . BBC Music . Retrieved September 27, 2018 .
^
"TV.com Biography" . TV.com. Retrieved 2010-08-29 .
^
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cite book }}
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External links