From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Day of the year
July 2 is the 183rd day of the year (184th in
leap years ) in the
Gregorian calendar ; 182 days remain until the end of the year.
Events
Pre-1600
1601–1900
1901–present
1921 –
World War I : U.S. President
Warren G. Harding signs the
Knox–Porter Resolution formally ending the war between the United States and
Germany .
1934 – The
Night of the Long Knives ends after three days of killings.
1937 –
Amelia Earhart and navigator
Fred Noonan are last heard from over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first equatorial round-the-world flight.
[8]
1940 – Indian independence leader
Subhas Chandra Bose is arrested and detained in
Calcutta .
1940 – The
SS Arandora Star is sunk by
U-47 in the
North Atlantic with the loss of over 800 lives, mostly civilians.
1962 – The first
Walmart store, then known as Wal-Mart, opens for business in
Rogers, Arkansas .
1964 –
Civil rights movement : U.S. President
Lyndon B. Johnson signs the
Civil Rights Act of 1964 meant to prohibit segregation in public places.
1966 – France conducts its first
nuclear weapon test in the Pacific, on
Moruroa Atoll.
1976 – End of
South Vietnam ; Communist
North Vietnam annexes the former
South Vietnam to form the unified
Socialist Republic of Vietnam .
1986 –
Rodrigo Rojas and
Carmen Gloria Quintana are burnt alive during a street demonstration against the
dictatorship of General
Augusto Pinochet in
Chile .
1986 –
Aeroflot Flight 2306 crashes while attempting an emergency landing at
Syktyvkar Airport in
Syktyvkar , in present-day
Komi Republic ,
Russia , killing 54 people.
[9]
1988 –
Marcel Lefebvre and
the four bishops he consecrated were
excommunicated by the
Holy See .
[10]
1990 – In the
1990 Mecca tunnel tragedy , 1,400 Muslim pilgrims are suffocated to death and trampled upon in a pedestrian tunnel leading to the holy city of
Mecca .
[11]
1994 –
USAir Flight 1016 crashes near
Charlotte Douglas International Airport , killing 37 of the 57 people on board.
[12]
1997 – The Bank of Thailand floats the
baht , triggering the
Asian financial crisis .
2000 –
Vicente Fox Quesada is elected the first
President of México from an opposition party, the
Partido Acción Nacional , after more than 70 years of continuous rule by the
Partido Revolucionario Institucional .
2001 – The
AbioCor self-contained artificial heart is first implanted.
2002 –
Steve Fossett becomes the first person to fly solo around the world nonstop in a balloon.
[13]
2005 – The
Live 8 benefit concerts takes place in the
G8 states and in South Africa. More than 1,000 musicians perform and are broadcast on 182 television networks and 2,000 radio networks.
2008 –
Colombian conflict :
Íngrid Betancourt , a member of the
Chamber of Representatives of Colombia , is released from captivity after being held for six and a half years by
FARC .
2010 – The
South Kivu tank truck explosion in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo kills at least 230 people.
2013 – The
International Astronomical Union names
Pluto's fourth and fifth moons ,
Kerberos and
Styx .
2013 – A magnitude 6.1
earthquake strikes
Aceh ,
Indonesia , killing at least 42 people and injuring 420 others.
Births
Pre-1600
419 –
Valentinian III , Roman emperor (d. 455)
1363 –
Maria, Queen of Sicily (d. 1401)
1478 –
Louis V, Elector Palatine (d. 1544)
1486 –
Jacopo Sansovino , Italian sculptor and architect (d. 1570)
1489 –
Thomas Cranmer , English archbishop, theologian, and saint (d. 1556)
1492 –
Elizabeth Tudor , English daughter of
Henry VII of England (d. 1495)
1500 –
Federico Cesi (cardinal) , Italian cardinal (d. 1565)
1575 –
Elizabeth de Vere, Countess of Derby , English noblewoman and head of state of the Isle of Man (d. 1627)
1597 –
Theodoor Rombouts , Flemish painter (d. 1637)
1601–1900
1647 –
Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham , English politician,
Lord President of the Council (d. 1730)
1648 –
Arp Schnitger , German organ builder (d. 1719)
1665 –
Samuel Penhallow , English-American soldier and historian (d. 1726)
1667 –
Pietro Ottoboni , Italian cardinal and art collector (d. 1740)
1714 –
Christoph Willibald Gluck , German composer (d. 1787)
[14]
1724 –
Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock , German poet and author (d. 1803)
1797 –
Francisco Javier Echeverría , Mexican businessman and politician. President of Mexico (1841) (d. 1852)
[15]
1819 –
Charles-Louis Hanon , French pianist and composer (d. 1900)
1820 –
George Law Curry , American publisher and politician, 5th
Governor of the Oregon Territory (d. 1878)
1820 –
Juan N. Méndez , Mexican general and interim president, 1876-1877 (d. 1894)
[16]
1821 –
Charles Tupper , Canadian physician and politician, 6th
Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1915)
1825 –
Émile Ollivier , French statesman (d. 1913)
1834 –
Hendrick Peter Godfried Quack , Dutch economist and historian (d. 1917)
1849 –
Maria Theresa of Austria-Este (d. 1919)
1862 –
William Henry Bragg , English physicist, chemist, and mathematician,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1942)
1865 –
Lily Braun , German author and publicist (d. 1916)
1869 –
Liane de Pougy , French-Swiss dancer and author (d. 1950)
1876 –
Harriet Brooks , Canadian physicist and academic (d. 1933)
1876 –
Wilhelm Cuno , German businessman and politician,
Chancellor of Germany (d. 1933)
1877 –
Hermann Hesse , German-born Swiss poet, novelist, and painter,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1962)
1877 –
Rinaldo Cuneo , American artist ("the painter of San Francisco") (d. 1939)
1881 –
Royal Hurlburt Weller , American lawyer and politician (d. 1929)
1884 –
Alfons Maria Jakob , German neurologist and author (d. 1931)
1893 –
Ralph Hancock , Welsh gardener and author (d. 1950)
1900 –
Tyrone Guthrie , English actor and director (d. 1971)
1900 –
Sophie Harris , English costume and scenic designer for theatre and opera (d. 1966)
1901–present
1902 –
K. Kanapathypillai , Sri Lankan author and academic (d. 1968)
1903 –
Alec Douglas-Home , English cricketer and politician, 66th
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
1903 –
Olav V of Norway (d. 1991)
1904 –
René Lacoste , French tennis player and businessman, created the
polo shirt (d. 1996)
1906 –
Hans Bethe , German-American physicist and academic,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005)
1906 –
Károly Kárpáti , Hungarian Jewish wrestler (d. 1996)
1906 –
Séra Martin , French middle-distance runner (d. 1993)
1908 –
Thurgood Marshall , American lawyer and
civil rights activist, 32nd
Solicitor General of the United States , and former
Associate Justice of the
Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1993)
1911 –
Reg Parnell , English race car driver and manager (d. 1964)
1913 –
Max Beloff, Baron Beloff , English historian and academic (d. 1999)
1914 –
Frederick Fennell , American conductor and educator (d. 2004)
1914 –
Ethelreda Leopold , American actress (d. 1988)
1914 –
Mário Schenberg , Brazilian physicist and engineer (d. 1990)
1914 –
Erich Topp , German admiral (d. 2005)
1915 –
Valerian Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington , British peer, politician and soldier (d. 2014)
1916 –
Ken Curtis , American actor and singer (d. 1991)
1916 –
Hans-Ulrich Rudel , German colonel and pilot (d. 1982)
1916 –
Reino Kangasmäki , Finnish wrestler (d. 2010)
1916 –
Zélia Gattai , Brazilian author and photographer (d. 2008)
1917 –
Leonard J. Arrington , American author and academic, founded the
Mormon History Association (d. 1999)
1918 –
Athos Bulcão , Brazilian painter and sculptor (d. 2008)
1918 –
Indumati Bhattacharya , Indian politician (d. 1990)
1919 –
Jean Craighead George , American author (d. 2012)
1920 –
John Kneubuhl , Samoan-American historian, screenwriter, and playwright (d. 1992)
1922 –
Pierre Cardin , Italian-French fashion designer (d. 2020)
1922 –
Paula Valenska , Czech actress (d. 1994)
1923 –
Cyril M. Kornbluth , American soldier and author (d. 1958)
1923 –
Wisława Szymborska , Polish poet and translator,
Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2012)
1925 –
Medgar Evers , American soldier and activist (d. 1963)
1925 –
Patrice Lumumba , Congolese politician, 1st
Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (d. 1961)
1925 –
Marvin Rainwater , American singer-songwriter (d. 2013)
1926 –
Octavian Paler , Romanian journalist and politician (d. 2007)
1927 –
Lee Allen , American saxophone player (d. 1994)
1927 –
James Mackay, Baron Mackay of Clashfern , Scottish lawyer and politician,
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
1927 –
Brock Peters , American actor (d. 2005)
1929 –
Imelda Marcos , Filipino politician; 10th First Lady of the Philippines
1930 –
Ahmad Jamal , American jazz musician (d. 2023)
[17]
1930 –
Carlos Menem , Argentinian lawyer and politician, 50th
President of Argentina (d. 2021)
1931 –
Mohammad Yazdi , Iranian cleric (d. 2020)
1932 –
Dave Thomas , American businessman and philanthropist, founded
Wendy's (d. 2002)
1933 –
Peter Desbarats , Canadian journalist, author, and playwright (d. 2014)
1933 –
Kenny Wharram , Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2017)
1934 –
Tom Springfield , English musician (d. 2022)
[18]
1935 –
Gilbert Kalish , American pianist and educator
1936 –
Omar Suleiman , Egyptian general and politician, 16th
Vice President of Egypt (d. 2012)
1937 –
Polly Holliday , American actress
[19]
1937 –
Richard Petty , American race car driver and sportscaster
1938 –
David Owen , English physician and politician,
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
1939 –
Alexandros Panagoulis , Greek poet and politician (d. 1976)
1939 –
John H. Sununu , American engineer and politician, 14th
White House Chief of Staff
1939 –
Paul Williams , American singer and choreographer (d. 1973)
1940 –
Kenneth Clarke , English politician,
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain
1940 –
Georgi Ivanov , Bulgarian military officer, cosmonaut and politician
[20]
1941 –
William Guest , American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2015)
1941 –
Wendell Mottley , Trinidadian sprinter, economist, and politician
1942 –
John Eekelaar , South African-English lawyer and scholar
1942 –
Vicente Fox , Mexican businessman and politician, 35th
President of Mexico
[21]
1943 –
Ivi Eenmaa , Estonian politician, 36th
Mayor of Tallinn
1943 –
Larry Lake , American-Canadian trumpet player and composer (d. 2013)
1946 –
Richard Axel , American neuroscientist and biologist,
Nobel Prize laureate
1946 –
Ron Silver , American actor, director, and political activist (d. 2009)
1947 –
Larry David , American actor, comedian, producer, and screenwriter
[22]
1947 –
Ann Taylor, Baroness Taylor of Bolton , English politician,
Minister for International Security Strategy
1948 –
Mutula Kilonzo , Kenyan lawyer and politician (d. 2013)
1949 –
Greg Brown , American musician
[23]
1949 –
Robert Paquette , Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist
[24]
1950 –
Lynne Brindley , English librarian and academic
1950 –
Jon Trickett , English politician
1952 –
Sylvia Rivera , American transgender rights activist (d. 2002)
[25]
1952 –
Anatoliy Solomin , Ukrainian race walker and coach
1954 –
Chris Huhne , English journalist and politician,
Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change
1954 –
Wendy Schaal , American actress
[26]
1955 –
Kim Carr , Australian educator and politician, 31st
Australian Minister for Human Services
1956 –
Jerry Hall , American model and actress
[27]
1957 –
Bret Hart , Canadian wrestler
1957 –
Jüri Raidla , Estonian lawyer and politician,
Estonian Minister of Justice
1957 –
Purvis Short , American basketball player
1958 –
Pavan Malhotra , Indian actor
1960 –
Maria Lourdes Sereno , Filipino lawyer and jurist, 24th
Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
1961 –
Clark Kellogg , American basketball player and sportscaster
1962 –
Neil Williams , English cricketer (d. 2006)
1964 –
Jose Canseco , Cuban-American baseball player and mixed martial artist
1964 –
Ozzie Canseco , Cuban-American baseball player, coach, and manager
1964 –
Joe Magrane , American baseball player and sportscaster
1964 –
Alan Tait , English-Scottish rugby player and coach
1965 –
Norbert Röttgen , German lawyer and politician
1969 –
Tim Rodber , English rugby player
1970 –
Derrick Adkins , American hurdler
1970 –
Steve Morrow , Northern Irish footballer and manager
1971 –
Troy Brown , American football player and actor
1971 –
Bryan Redpath , Scottish rugby player and coach
1972 –
Darren Shan , Irish author
[28]
1974 –
Sean Casey , American baseball player and sportscaster
1975 –
Éric Dazé , Canadian ice hockey player
1975 –
Kristen Michal , Estonian lawyer and politician
[29]
1975 –
Erik Ohlsson , Swedish singer and guitarist
1975 –
Elizabeth Reaser , American actress
[30]
[31]
1975 –
Stefan Terblanche , South African rugby player
1976 –
Krisztián Lisztes , Hungarian footballer
1976 –
Tomáš Vokoun , Czech-American ice hockey player
1976 –
Ľudovít Ódor , Prime minister of Slovakia
[32]
1977 –
Deniz Barış , Turkish footballer
1978 –
Jüri Ratas , Estonian politician, 42nd
Mayor of Tallinn
1979 –
Walter Davis , American triple jumper
1979 –
Ahmed al-Ghamdi , Saudi Arabian terrorist, hijacker of
United Airlines Flight 175 (d. 2001)
1979 –
Sam Hornish Jr. , American race car driver
1979 –
Joe Thornton , Canadian ice hockey player
1980 –
Nyjer Morgan , American baseball player
1981 –
Nathan Ellington , English footballer
1981 –
Carlos Rogers , American football player
1983 –
Michelle Branch , American singer-songwriter and guitarist
1983 –
Kyle Hogg , English cricketer
1984 –
Thomas Kortegaard , Danish footballer
1984 –
Johnny Weir , American figure skater
1985 –
Rhett Bomar , American football player
1985 –
Chad Henne , American football player
1985 –
Ashley Tisdale , American actress, singer, and producer
[33]
1986 –
Brett Cecil , American baseball player
1986 –
Lindsay Lohan , American actress and singer
[34]
1987 –
Esteban Granero , Spanish footballer
1988 –
Lee Chung-yong , South Korean footballer
1989 –
Nadezhda Grishaeva , Russian basketball player
1989 –
Alex Morgan , American soccer player
1990 –
Kayla Harrison , American judoka
[35]
1990 –
Merritt Mathias , American soccer player
1990 –
Morag McLellan , Scottish field hockey player
[36]
1990 –
Margot Robbie , Australian actress and producer
[37]
1990 –
Danny Rose , English footballer
1990 –
Bill Tupou , New Zealand rugby league player
1992 –
Madison Chock , American ice dancer
[38]
1993 –
Vince Staples , American rapper and actor
[39]
1993 –
Saweetie , American rapper
[40]
1994 –
Henrik Kristoffersen , Norwegian skier
1995 –
Ryan Murphy , American swimmer
1996 –
Julia Grabher , Austrian tennis player
[41]
Deaths
Pre-1600
626 –
Li Jiancheng , Chinese prince (b. 589)
626 –
Li Yuanji , Chinese prince (b. 603)
649 –
Li Jing , Chinese general (b. 571)
862 –
Swithun , English bishop and saint (b. 789)
866 –
Robert the Strong , Frankish
nobleman
936 –
Henry the Fowler , German king (b. 876)
1298 –
Adolf, King of the Romans (b. 1220)
1504 –
Stephen III of Moldavia (b. 1434)
1566 –
Nostradamus , French astrologer and author (b. 1503)
1578 –
Thomas Doughty , English explorer
1582 –
Akechi Mitsuhide , Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1528)
1591 –
Vincenzo Galilei , Italian
lute player and composer (b. 1520)
1601–1900
1619 –
Francis II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1547)
1621 –
Thomas Harriot , English astronomer, mathematician, and ethnographer (b. 1560)
1656 –
François-Marie, comte de Broglie , Italian-French general (b. 1611)
1674 –
Eberhard III, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1614)
1743 –
Spencer Compton, 1st Earl of Wilmington , English politician,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1673)
[42]
1746 –
Thomas Baker , English antiquarian and author (b. 1656)
1778 –
Jean-Jacques Rousseau , Swiss philosopher and composer (b. 1712)
1833 –
Gervasio Antonio de Posadas , Argentinian lawyer and politician, 1st
Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata (b. 1757)
1843 –
Samuel Hahnemann , German physician and academic (b. 1755)
1850 –
Robert Peel , English lieutenant and politician,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1788)
1857 –
Carlo Pisacane , Italian soldier and philosopher (b. 1818)
1901–present
1903 –
Ed Delahanty , American baseball player (b. 1867)
1912 –
Tom Richardson , English cricketer (b. 1870)
1914 –
Joseph Chamberlain , English businessman and politician,
Secretary of State for the Colonies (b. 1836)
1915 –
Porfirio Díaz , Mexican general and politician, 29th
President of Mexico (b. 1830)
1920 –
William Louis Marshall , American general and engineer (b. 1846)
1926 –
Émile Coué , French psychologist and pharmacist (b. 1857)
1929 –
Gladys Brockwell , American actress (b. 1894)
1932 –
Manuel II of Portugal (b. 1889)
1950 –
Thomas William Burgess , English swimmer and water polo player (b. 1872)
1955 –
Edward Lawson , English soldier,
Victoria Cross recipient (b. 1873)
1961 –
Ernest Hemingway , American novelist, short story writer, and journalist,
Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1899)
1963 –
Alicia Patterson , American publisher, co-founded
Newsday (b. 1906)
1964 –
Fireball Roberts , American race car driver (b. 1929)
1966 –
Jan Brzechwa , Polish poet and author (b. 1900)
1970 –
Jessie Street , Australian suffragette and feminist (b. 1889)
[43]
1972 –
Joseph Fielding Smith , American religious leader, 10th
President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1876)
1973 –
Betty Grable , American actress, singer, and dancer (b. 1916)
1973 –
George McBride , American baseball player and manager (b. 1880)
1973 –
Ferdinand Schörner , German field marshal (b. 1892)
1975 –
James Robertson Justice , English actor (b. 1907)
1977 –
Vladimir Nabokov , Russian-born novelist and critic (b. 1899)
1978 –
Aris Alexandrou , Greek author and poet (b. 1922)
1986 –
Peanuts Lowrey , American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
1988 –
Vibert Douglas , Canadian astronomer and astrophysicist (b. 1894)
1989 –
Andrei Gromyko , Soviet economist and politician,
Soviet Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1909)
1990 –
Snooky Lanson , American singer (b. 1914)
1991 –
Lee Remick , American actress (b. 1935)
1993 –
Fred Gwynne , American actor (b. 1926)
1994 –
Andrés Escobar , Colombian footballer (b. 1967)
1995 –
Lloyd MacPhail , Canadian businessman and politician, 23rd
Lieutenant Governor of Prince Edward Island (b. 1920)
1997 –
James Stewart , American actor (b. 1908)
1999 –
Mario Puzo , American author and screenwriter (b. 1920)
2000 –
Joey Dunlop , Northern Irish motorcycle racer (b. 1952)
2002 –
Ray Brown , American bassist and composer (b. 1926)
2003 –
Briggs Cunningham , American race car driver and businessman (b. 1907)
2004 –
Mochtar Lubis , Indonesian journalist and author (b. 1922)
2005 –
Ernest Lehman , American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1915)
2005 –
Norm Prescott , American actor, composer, and producer, co-founded
Filmation Studios (b. 1927)
2006 –
Jan Murray , American comedian, actor, and game show host (b. 1916)
2007 –
Beverly Sills , American operatic soprano and television personality (b. 1929)
2008 –
Natasha Shneider , Russian-American singer, keyboard player, and actress (b. 1956)
2008 –
Elizabeth Spriggs , English actress and screenwriter (b. 1929)
2010 –
Beryl Bainbridge , English screenwriter and author (b. 1932)
2011 –
Itamar Franco , Brazilian engineer and politician, 33rd
President of Brazil (b. 1930)
2012 –
Maurice Chevit , French actor and screenwriter (b. 1923)
2012 –
Julian Goodman , American journalist (b. 1922)
2012 –
Angelo Mangiarotti , Italian architect and academic (b. 1921)
2012 –
Betty Meggers , American archaeologist and academic (b. 1921)
2012 –
Ed Stroud , American baseball player (b. 1939)
2013 –
Anthony G. Bosco , American bishop (b. 1927)
2013 –
Douglas Engelbart , American computer scientist, invented the
computer mouse (b. 1925)
2013 –
Armand Gaudreault , Canadian ice hockey player (b. 1921)
2013 –
Anthony Llewellyn , Welsh-American chemist, academic, and astronaut (b. 1933)
2014 –
Emilio Álvarez Montalván , Nicaraguan ophthalmologist and politician (b. 1919)
2014 –
Manuel Cardona , Spanish physicist and academic (b. 1934)
2014 –
Mary Innes-Ker, Duchess of Roxburghe (b. 1915)
2014 –
Harold W. Kuhn , American mathematician and academic (b. 1925)
2014 –
Louis Zamperini , American runner and World War II
US Army Air Forces captain (b. 1917)
2015 –
Ronald Davison , New Zealand lawyer and judge, 10th
Chief Justice of New Zealand (b. 1920)
2015 –
Charlie Sanders , American football player and sportscaster (b. 1946)
2015 –
Jim Weaver , American football player and coach (b. 1945)
2015 –
Jacobo Zabludovsky , Mexican journalist (b. 1928)
2016 –
Caroline Aherne , English actress and comedian (b. 1963)
2016 –
Michael Cimino , American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1939)
2016 –
Patrick Manning , 4th & 6th Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (b. 1946)
2016 –
Elie Wiesel , Holocaust survivor, activist, and author (b. 1928)
2017 –
Vladislav Rastorotsky , a Russian (and former Soviet) artistic gymnastics coach, (b. 1933)
[44]
2017 –
Smith Hart , American-born Canadian professional wrestler (b. 1948)
[45]
2018 –
Alan Longmuir , Scottish musician (b. 1948)
[46]
2019 –
Lee Iacocca , American automotive executive (b. 1924)
[47]
2020 –
Ángela Jeria , Chilean archaeologist (b. 1926)
2020 –
Byron Bernstein , American Twitch streamer (b. 1989)
[48]
Holidays and observances
References
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