Some 20,000 workers were locked out at the
Putilov Plant, the largest factory in
Petrograd, following disputes with plant authorities on the denial of a pay increase. The workers then organized a
general strike to protest.[11]
Harry C. Wheeler, sheriff of
Cochise County, Arizona, and his deputy were ambushed by Mexican bootleggers near the town of
Gleeson, Arizona. Both lawmen traded gunfire with the gang, wounding one and forcing the rest to flee without their contraband alcohol. The
gunfight was considered one of the last recorded
Old West style gunfights.[26][27][28]
February Revolution – Protests in
Petrograd calling all for the end of the Russian
autocracy grew to an estimated 200,000 to 500,000 people, bring all industrial activity in the city to a standstill by the following day.[41]
Fall of Baghdad – Ottoman forces held off an initial attack by the British on
Diyala River, causing command to shift most of its forces north of the city. Ottoman forces shifted in kind leaving a single regiment to defend the river banks.[23]
Fall of Baghdad – The Ottoman regiment on the
Diyala River was defeated, leaving the southern edge of
Baghdad undefended. All Ottoman forces were forced to withdraw into the city.[23]
Fall of Baghdad – Ottoman forces evacuated
Baghdad, allowing the British to enter and occupy the city with little to no fighting. Some 9,000 Ottoman soldiers were captured.[23]
February Revolution – General
Nikolai Ivanov was promoted to command the military forces in
Petrograd, but already many soldiers with the
Pavlovsky Regiment garrison in the city had mutinied following an incident where police shot into a crowd and killed 200 protesters. The mutinies spread and frustrated the general's chances with Minister of Interior
Alexander Protopopov to suppress the unrest.[50][51]
Royal Navy destroyer
HMS Skate was torpedoed and damaged in the North Sea by German submarine
SM UC-69 with the loss of a crew member. She was repaired and returned to service.[56]
Samarra offensive – A British force of 45,000 men under command of
Stanley Maude launched an offensive to capture the 130 km (81 mi) railroad running north from
Baghdad to
Samarra to ensure Ottoman forces could not regroup and threaten British occupation of central
Mesopotamia (now
Iraq).[57]
Battle of Monastir – French troops assaulted Hill 1248 held by Bulgarian forces north of
Monastir,
Serbia that was being used for artillery barrages.[68]
German forces began an
organized retreat 40 kilometres (25 mi) back to the proposed
Hindenburg Line, which gave up more territory to the
Allies than all its military operations could from
1914 to early
1917 but allowed better defense against future offensives.[75][76]
The
Australian 6th Division was established, with units including the
16th,
17th and
18th Brigades. However, it was broken up in
September before it formally saw actions and troops enlisted were redistributed into other units.[85]
British passenger ship Antony was torpedoed and sunk in the
Irish Sea by German submarine
SM UC-48 with the loss of 55 lives.[86]
Solidarity, a labor newspaper published by the
Industrial Workers of the World, released its last edition, after which it was replaced by the Defense News Bulletin (which folded the following year).[94]
Died:Károly Ferenczy, Hungarian painter, known for such works as The Three Magi and Orpheus (b.
1862)
Monday, March 19, 1917
Lieutenant-GeneralStanley Maude, commander of British forces in newly occupied
Baghdad, issued a proclamation to assure the city population that "Our armies do not come into your cities and lands as conquerors or enemies, but as liberators."[95]
Germany completed its
withdrawal to the
Hindenburg Line, which was 40–45 kilometres (25–28 mi) shorter than the previous one and could be defended with fewer units, freeing up 13 or 14 divisions for action on the
Eastern Front. [102]
The
American Protective League was established to allow private citizens to report to U.S. federal enforcement agencies any suspicions of espionage during
World War I, growing to 250,000 members in 600 cities.[107]
A
tornado struck
New Albany, Indiana, killing 46 people and injuring 250 more. Over 300 homes were destroyed along with two schools and a factory. Another
tornado struck
Flat Rock, Illinois, damaging 40 farms and causing one fatality.[110]
The sorority
Sigma Delta Tau was established at
Cornell University with all Jewish members, although from the start it was an inclusive sorority. It now has over 100 chapters and 60,000 initiates.[114]
First Battle of Gaza – The
Egyptian Expeditionary Force encircled the
Gaza garrison but were then ordered to withdraw, leaving the city to the Ottoman defenders. British casualties included 523 killed, 2,932 wounded and 512 missing. Ottoman casualties were 300 dead, 750 wounded and 600 missing.[116]
Died:Albert Pinkham Ryder, American painter, known for works including Siegfried and the Rhine Maidens and The Race Track (Death on a Pale Horse) (b.
1847)
^William F. Hubbard (February 1975).
"Guilford Courthouse National Military Park"(PDF). National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 2014-11-01.
^King-Smith, Beresford (1995). Crescendo! 75 years of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. London: Methuen. pp. 17–18.
ISBN0413697401.
^Grant, Johnathan A. “Putilov at War 1914-1917”. In Big Business in Russia: The Putilov Company in Late Imperial Russia, 1868-1917. Pittsburgh, Pa. University of Pittsburgh Press, 1999. pp. 115-116
^"Copenhagen". Uboat.net. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
^Statement Showing, in Chronological Order, the Date of Opening and the Mileage of Each Section of Railway, Statement No. 19, p. 188, ref. no. 200954-13
^Mamina, Ion, Ugliș Delapecica, Petre, Dimitriu-Serea, G., Bocan, Ion, Tănăsescu, Fl., Butnaru, I., Dragne, Fl. and Bîrdeanu, N., "Voluntarii unității" ("Volunteers of Unity"), in Magazin Istoric, October 1968, p. 40-46
^Martin, Henry; Waters, Keith (2005). Jazz: The First 100 Years. Cengage Learning. p. 55.
ISBN0-534-62804-4.
^*Mamina, Ion, Ugliș Delapecica, Petre, Dimitriu-Serea, G., Bocan, Ion, Tănăsescu, Fl., Butnaru, I., Dragne, Fl. and Bîrdeanu, N., "Voluntarii unității" ("Volunteers of Unity"), in Magazin Istoric, October 1968, p. 40-46
^"Storstad". Uboat.net. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
^McIlvaine, E., Sherby, L.S. and Heineman, J.H. (1990) P.G. Wodehouse: A comprehensive bibliography and checklist. New York: James H. Heineman, pp. 31–32.
ISBN0-87008125-X.
^Margarita Nelipa (2010) The Murder of Grigorii Rasputin. A Conspiracy That Brought Down the Russian Empire, p. 450. Gilbert's Books.
ISBN978-0-9865310-1-9.
^USAF Historical Studies: No. 98, The United States Army Air Arm, April 1861 to April 1917 USAF Historical Division, Research Studies Institute Air University, May 1958
^Crawford, John; McGibbon, Ian, eds. (2007). New Zealand's Great War: New Zealand, the Allies & the First World War. Auckland, New Zealand: Exisle Publishing Limited. pp. 250–53.
ISBN9780908988853.
^Falls, C. (1992) [1940]. Military Operations France and Belgium 1917: The German Retreat to the Hindenburg Line and the Battles of Arras. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. I (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). London:
HMSO. pp. 94–110.
ISBN978-0-89839-180-0.
^Newbolt, H. (2003) [1928].
Naval Operations. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents. Vol. IV (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Longmans. pp.
192–195.
ISBN1-84342-492-4. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
^Chant, Chris, The World's Great Bombers, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 2000,
ISBN0-7607-2012-6, p. 34.
^Cole, Christopher; Cheesman, E. F. (1984). The Air Defence of Great Britain 1914–1918. London: Putnam. p. 198.
ISBN0-370-30538-8.
^Crosby, Francis, The Complete Guide to Fighters & Bombers of the World: An Illustrated History of the World's Greatest Military Aircraft, From the Pioneering Days of Air Fighting in World War I Through the Jet Fighters and Stealth Bombers of the Present Day, London: Anness Publishing Ltd., 2006,
ISBN978-1-84476-917-9, p. 263.
^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "
Ribot, Alexandre Félix Joseph". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 32 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 274.
^Repnikov A. V.
"Русское знамя", газета (1905–1917) [Russkoye Znamya, a newspaper (1905–1917)] (in Russian). Encyclopedia of Saint Petersburg. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
^Philip S. Foner, History of the Labor Movement in the United States, Vol. 4, The Industrial Workers of the World 1905-1917, International Publishers, 1997, p. 149
^Grazulis, Thomas (1993), Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991: A Chronology and Analysis of Events,
St. Johnsbury, Vermont: Environmental Films, pp. 1–3,
ISBN1-879362-03-1
^Falls, Cyril; G. MacMunn (1930). Military Operations Egypt & Palestine from the Outbreak of War with Germany to June 1917. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. 1. London: HM Stationery Office. pp. 293–315.
OCLC610273484.
^"Sweden" (in Swedish). World Statesmen. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
^Ion Nistor, Istoria Basarabiei,
Cernăuţi, 1923, reprinted
Chişinău, Cartea Moldovenească, 1991, p. 276
^Wendt, Frantz (1951). "Rigsdagen 1915-40". In Bomholt, Jul.; Fabricius, Knud; Hjelholt, Holger; Mackeprang, M.; Møller, Andr. (eds.). Den danske rigsdag 1849-1949 bind II - Rigsdagens historie 1866-1949 (in Danish). Copenhagen: J. H. Schultz Forlag. p. 314.
Some 20,000 workers were locked out at the
Putilov Plant, the largest factory in
Petrograd, following disputes with plant authorities on the denial of a pay increase. The workers then organized a
general strike to protest.[11]
Harry C. Wheeler, sheriff of
Cochise County, Arizona, and his deputy were ambushed by Mexican bootleggers near the town of
Gleeson, Arizona. Both lawmen traded gunfire with the gang, wounding one and forcing the rest to flee without their contraband alcohol. The
gunfight was considered one of the last recorded
Old West style gunfights.[26][27][28]
February Revolution – Protests in
Petrograd calling all for the end of the Russian
autocracy grew to an estimated 200,000 to 500,000 people, bring all industrial activity in the city to a standstill by the following day.[41]
Fall of Baghdad – Ottoman forces held off an initial attack by the British on
Diyala River, causing command to shift most of its forces north of the city. Ottoman forces shifted in kind leaving a single regiment to defend the river banks.[23]
Fall of Baghdad – The Ottoman regiment on the
Diyala River was defeated, leaving the southern edge of
Baghdad undefended. All Ottoman forces were forced to withdraw into the city.[23]
Fall of Baghdad – Ottoman forces evacuated
Baghdad, allowing the British to enter and occupy the city with little to no fighting. Some 9,000 Ottoman soldiers were captured.[23]
February Revolution – General
Nikolai Ivanov was promoted to command the military forces in
Petrograd, but already many soldiers with the
Pavlovsky Regiment garrison in the city had mutinied following an incident where police shot into a crowd and killed 200 protesters. The mutinies spread and frustrated the general's chances with Minister of Interior
Alexander Protopopov to suppress the unrest.[50][51]
Royal Navy destroyer
HMS Skate was torpedoed and damaged in the North Sea by German submarine
SM UC-69 with the loss of a crew member. She was repaired and returned to service.[56]
Samarra offensive – A British force of 45,000 men under command of
Stanley Maude launched an offensive to capture the 130 km (81 mi) railroad running north from
Baghdad to
Samarra to ensure Ottoman forces could not regroup and threaten British occupation of central
Mesopotamia (now
Iraq).[57]
Battle of Monastir – French troops assaulted Hill 1248 held by Bulgarian forces north of
Monastir,
Serbia that was being used for artillery barrages.[68]
German forces began an
organized retreat 40 kilometres (25 mi) back to the proposed
Hindenburg Line, which gave up more territory to the
Allies than all its military operations could from
1914 to early
1917 but allowed better defense against future offensives.[75][76]
The
Australian 6th Division was established, with units including the
16th,
17th and
18th Brigades. However, it was broken up in
September before it formally saw actions and troops enlisted were redistributed into other units.[85]
British passenger ship Antony was torpedoed and sunk in the
Irish Sea by German submarine
SM UC-48 with the loss of 55 lives.[86]
Solidarity, a labor newspaper published by the
Industrial Workers of the World, released its last edition, after which it was replaced by the Defense News Bulletin (which folded the following year).[94]
Died:Károly Ferenczy, Hungarian painter, known for such works as The Three Magi and Orpheus (b.
1862)
Monday, March 19, 1917
Lieutenant-GeneralStanley Maude, commander of British forces in newly occupied
Baghdad, issued a proclamation to assure the city population that "Our armies do not come into your cities and lands as conquerors or enemies, but as liberators."[95]
Germany completed its
withdrawal to the
Hindenburg Line, which was 40–45 kilometres (25–28 mi) shorter than the previous one and could be defended with fewer units, freeing up 13 or 14 divisions for action on the
Eastern Front. [102]
The
American Protective League was established to allow private citizens to report to U.S. federal enforcement agencies any suspicions of espionage during
World War I, growing to 250,000 members in 600 cities.[107]
A
tornado struck
New Albany, Indiana, killing 46 people and injuring 250 more. Over 300 homes were destroyed along with two schools and a factory. Another
tornado struck
Flat Rock, Illinois, damaging 40 farms and causing one fatality.[110]
The sorority
Sigma Delta Tau was established at
Cornell University with all Jewish members, although from the start it was an inclusive sorority. It now has over 100 chapters and 60,000 initiates.[114]
First Battle of Gaza – The
Egyptian Expeditionary Force encircled the
Gaza garrison but were then ordered to withdraw, leaving the city to the Ottoman defenders. British casualties included 523 killed, 2,932 wounded and 512 missing. Ottoman casualties were 300 dead, 750 wounded and 600 missing.[116]
Died:Albert Pinkham Ryder, American painter, known for works including Siegfried and the Rhine Maidens and The Race Track (Death on a Pale Horse) (b.
1847)
^William F. Hubbard (February 1975).
"Guilford Courthouse National Military Park"(PDF). National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 2014-11-01.
^King-Smith, Beresford (1995). Crescendo! 75 years of the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. London: Methuen. pp. 17–18.
ISBN0413697401.
^Grant, Johnathan A. “Putilov at War 1914-1917”. In Big Business in Russia: The Putilov Company in Late Imperial Russia, 1868-1917. Pittsburgh, Pa. University of Pittsburgh Press, 1999. pp. 115-116
^"Copenhagen". Uboat.net. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
^Statement Showing, in Chronological Order, the Date of Opening and the Mileage of Each Section of Railway, Statement No. 19, p. 188, ref. no. 200954-13
^Mamina, Ion, Ugliș Delapecica, Petre, Dimitriu-Serea, G., Bocan, Ion, Tănăsescu, Fl., Butnaru, I., Dragne, Fl. and Bîrdeanu, N., "Voluntarii unității" ("Volunteers of Unity"), in Magazin Istoric, October 1968, p. 40-46
^Martin, Henry; Waters, Keith (2005). Jazz: The First 100 Years. Cengage Learning. p. 55.
ISBN0-534-62804-4.
^*Mamina, Ion, Ugliș Delapecica, Petre, Dimitriu-Serea, G., Bocan, Ion, Tănăsescu, Fl., Butnaru, I., Dragne, Fl. and Bîrdeanu, N., "Voluntarii unității" ("Volunteers of Unity"), in Magazin Istoric, October 1968, p. 40-46
^"Storstad". Uboat.net. Retrieved 15 October 2012.
^McIlvaine, E., Sherby, L.S. and Heineman, J.H. (1990) P.G. Wodehouse: A comprehensive bibliography and checklist. New York: James H. Heineman, pp. 31–32.
ISBN0-87008125-X.
^Margarita Nelipa (2010) The Murder of Grigorii Rasputin. A Conspiracy That Brought Down the Russian Empire, p. 450. Gilbert's Books.
ISBN978-0-9865310-1-9.
^USAF Historical Studies: No. 98, The United States Army Air Arm, April 1861 to April 1917 USAF Historical Division, Research Studies Institute Air University, May 1958
^Crawford, John; McGibbon, Ian, eds. (2007). New Zealand's Great War: New Zealand, the Allies & the First World War. Auckland, New Zealand: Exisle Publishing Limited. pp. 250–53.
ISBN9780908988853.
^Falls, C. (1992) [1940]. Military Operations France and Belgium 1917: The German Retreat to the Hindenburg Line and the Battles of Arras. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. I (Imperial War Museum and Battery Press ed.). London:
HMSO. pp. 94–110.
ISBN978-0-89839-180-0.
^Newbolt, H. (2003) [1928].
Naval Operations. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents. Vol. IV (Naval & Military Press ed.). London: Longmans. pp.
192–195.
ISBN1-84342-492-4. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
^Chant, Chris, The World's Great Bombers, New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 2000,
ISBN0-7607-2012-6, p. 34.
^Cole, Christopher; Cheesman, E. F. (1984). The Air Defence of Great Britain 1914–1918. London: Putnam. p. 198.
ISBN0-370-30538-8.
^Crosby, Francis, The Complete Guide to Fighters & Bombers of the World: An Illustrated History of the World's Greatest Military Aircraft, From the Pioneering Days of Air Fighting in World War I Through the Jet Fighters and Stealth Bombers of the Present Day, London: Anness Publishing Ltd., 2006,
ISBN978-1-84476-917-9, p. 263.
^ One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the
public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "
Ribot, Alexandre Félix Joseph". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 32 (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company. p. 274.
^Repnikov A. V.
"Русское знамя", газета (1905–1917) [Russkoye Znamya, a newspaper (1905–1917)] (in Russian). Encyclopedia of Saint Petersburg. Retrieved February 11, 2016.
^Philip S. Foner, History of the Labor Movement in the United States, Vol. 4, The Industrial Workers of the World 1905-1917, International Publishers, 1997, p. 149
^Grazulis, Thomas (1993), Significant Tornadoes 1680-1991: A Chronology and Analysis of Events,
St. Johnsbury, Vermont: Environmental Films, pp. 1–3,
ISBN1-879362-03-1
^Falls, Cyril; G. MacMunn (1930). Military Operations Egypt & Palestine from the Outbreak of War with Germany to June 1917. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. 1. London: HM Stationery Office. pp. 293–315.
OCLC610273484.
^"Sweden" (in Swedish). World Statesmen. Retrieved 22 December 2014.
^Ion Nistor, Istoria Basarabiei,
Cernăuţi, 1923, reprinted
Chişinău, Cartea Moldovenească, 1991, p. 276
^Wendt, Frantz (1951). "Rigsdagen 1915-40". In Bomholt, Jul.; Fabricius, Knud; Hjelholt, Holger; Mackeprang, M.; Møller, Andr. (eds.). Den danske rigsdag 1849-1949 bind II - Rigsdagens historie 1866-1949 (in Danish). Copenhagen: J. H. Schultz Forlag. p. 314.