After U.S. President
Woodrow Wilson warned the public about the money being spent by lobbyists to fight tariff reform, the
United States Senate ordered its Judiciary Committee to prepare a report with "the names of all lobbyists attempting to influence such pending legislation and the methods that they have employed to accomplish their ends". Over the next six days, the 96 Senators were required to appear before a special subcommittee and to state, under oath, whether they had a financial interest in the outcome of any pending bills.[2]
The last known specimen of the
Canary Islands oystercatcher (Haematopus meadewaldoi) was caught, then released, by British ornithologist
David Armitage Bannerman. Possible sightings were reported as late as the 1960s, but the bird is considered extinct.[8]
Russian composer
Igor Stravinsky and his wife Yekaterina ate oysters for dinner, and then fell ill with
typhus and were incapacitated for more than a month.[11]
Suffragette
Emily Davison was fatally injured when she ran in front of Anmer, the racehorse owned by
King George, in the running of the
Epsom Derby. Davison came from out of the stands, ducked under a railing and past police, and ran out in front of the horse, who was in last place.
Herbert Jones, who was riding Anmer, was thrown and knocked unconscious for two hours, while Davison was trampled by the horse and never woke up.[13] She died four days later.[14]
The
Epsom Derby was won by
Aboyeur, who had 100 to 1 odds against him and had finished in second place behind the favorite, Cragonour. After Cragonour was announced as the winner, an objection was raised by race stewards, because American jockey Johnnie Reiff had bumped other horses on the way to the finish.[15]
In
Chicago, world heavyweight boxing champion
Jack Johnson was sentenced to one year and one day in prison at
Joliet, Illinois, after being found guilty of violating the
Mann Act. He was also given two weeks to seek a reconsideration.[18]
Prince Albert Frederick George, the 17-year-old son of King
George V, and the future King
George VI, made his first visit to the
United States, crossing the border from
Canada into
Niagara Falls, New York. Prince Albert, who was in
Canada with 60 cadets from HMS Cumberland, was not immediately recognized in the crowd, but told reporters later that "This is my first trip to the continent and the first time I have stood under the Stars and Stripes on American soil."[26]
Archdeacon
Hudson Stuck and a team of mountaineers (
Harry Karstens,
Robert Tatum and
Walter Harper) became the first persons to reach the top of
North America's highest mountain, the 20,156 feet (6,144 m) high Mount McKinley (now called by its original name,
Denali) in
Alaska. Harper, born in
Alaska and son of an
Athabaskan mother, was the first of the group to reach the summit. The feat was reported on June 20.[29]
The world's largest swimming pool, as wide as a city block (400 feet, 120 m) and twice as long (600 feet, 180 m), opened at
Palisades Amusement Park in
New Jersey. The pool, made of cement, was constructed by park owners and brothers
Nicholas and
Joseph M. Schenck.[31]
The
Supreme Court of the United States upheld the constitutionality of the law requiring newspapers to publish statements of circulation and ownership, and to mark advertising plainly.[36]
Turkish Grand Vizier
Mahmud Shevket Pasha was assassinated in
Istanbul. Shefket Pasha was being driven from the Ministry of War in a car, when another car pulled alongside him and ten shots were fired.
Said Halim Pasha, the Foreign Minister, was appointed as his successor.[40] Twelve "real or alleged plotters" were arrested, and hanged on June 24.[41]
Spanish gunboat
Cañonero General Concha ran aground due to dense fog in hostile Moroccan territory near
Alhucemas,
Spanish Morocco where they were set upon by
Kabyle rebels. The crew of 53 held off the rebels for 15 hours before they were rescued by the
Spanish Navy, afterwards the boat was shelled and sunk. In the wreck and ensuing fight, the crew suffered 16 dead, 17 injured and 11 taken prisoner.[44]
A record of 36 hours underwater was set by the Cage, a submarine invented by John Milton Cage Sr., who had taken the boat down at 5:00 in the morning the day before, along with five other men.[45]
The German ocean liner
SS Imperator, largest in the world at the time, was launched from
Hamburg.[46]
Even as both nations were preparing to go to war with each other,
Serbia and
Bulgaria agreed to Russian arbitration of their dispute over the territories captured during the
First Balkan War.[48]
Billed as "the longest wooden bridge in the world", the 2.5 mile long
Collins Bridge opened, turning the small town of
Miami,
Florida (1910 population 5,471) into a premier resort area by making
Miami Beach more accessible to more tourists. Previously, the beach could only be reached from the mainland by ferry boat and was impractical as an investment.[51]
John Randolph Bray, an American animator, premiered the innovative cartoon The Artist's Dream, which an author would later say was "the forerunner of the cartoon vogue" as the first popular animated film.[52]
June 13, 1913 (Friday)
The
United States Senate Committee on Woman Suffrage reported favorably on a proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution providing that the right to vote shall not be denied because of gender.[53]
The U.S. government successfully broke up the monopoly held by gunpowder manufacturer
E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. The corporation was split into three competing companies,
DuPont (which would diversify into chemical manufacturing),
Hercules Powder Company and Atlas Powder Company.[54]
On the same day, the DuPont Cellophane Company, owned 52 percent by DuPont, was formed in partnership with a French consortium, for the American manufacture of the new French product, transparent
cellophane sheets.[55]
Eleven construction workers for the Bradley Contracting Company were killed in the cave-in of new subways underneath Fifty-sixth Street in
New York City.[61]
The German
battlecruiserDerfflinger, first of its class and the most powerful German
battleship up to that time, was launched. Moments after it was christened by the wife of General August von Mackensen, the ship moved only fifteen inches down the skids before it came to a halt, jammed because of a defect in one of the sledges.[62]
The South African government passed the Immigration Act, which restricted the immigration of people from India.[63]
The funeral procession for
Emily Davison, an English suffragette who was trampled by a horse while protesting at the
Epsom Derby on the 4th of June 1913, was held. Thousands of suffragettes marched from Buckingham Palace Road to St George's Church where Miss Davison's body was laid to rest.[64]
Driven out by shelling from American and Philippine troops during the
Battle of Bud Bagsak, the 500
Moro defenders made a charge against the firepower of the Pershing contingent's artillery, and were killed. Pershing's troops sustained 27 casualties.[67] The uneven battle brought an end to the Moro resistance with the deaths of 2,000 Moro defenders, including women and children, as well as the death of 340 American troops.[68]
Kaiser Wilhelm celebrated the 25th anniversary of his ascension to the throne in 1888. "Twenty-five years of peace", the Kaiser told American industrialist and peace delegate
Andrew Carnegie, "and I hope there will be twenty-five more".[71]The German Empire would enter
World War I less than fourteen months later. Half a million people lined the streets of
Berlin to cheer the Kaiser and the Kaiserin. The Kaiser proclaimed an amnesty for "those whose misdeeds were committed through poverty or while in a state of irresponsibility", and for Army and Navy men punished for most violations of regulations.[72]
Governor-General
Charles Lutaud abolished the requirement for natives to obtain travel permits within
French Algeria, or from Algeria to mainland
France.[78]
John Ernest Williamson, whose father had invented a transparent diving bell called the "photosphere", became the first person to take photographs from beneath the ocean surface, by taking a camera with him and snapping pictures while underwater inside the bell.[80]
The Hamburg-American ocean liner Imperator, the largest ship in the world, arrived safely in New York on its maiden transatlantic voyage.[81]
The
Parliament of South Africa passed the
Natives Land Act, defining which areas could be owned by white South Africans, and which by black South Africans. Black South Africans were barred from purchasing or owning white persons' property.[82]
Italian occupation forces fought a fierce battle against the Arab residents of Ettangi,
Tripolitania.
Libya.[85]
The Army's Auxiliary Aerial Militia Squadron, a precursor to the
Mexican Air Force, was established.[86]
French pilot
Maurice Prévost set a new airplane speed record, averaging 117 miles per hour in a flight of over 217 miles, in a circular course near Paris.[87]
Georgia Thompson "Tiny" Broadwick became the first woman to parachute from an airplane, jumping from a plane piloted by aviator
Glenn L. Martin over
Los Angeles. Broadwick had volunteered to test Martin's invention of a "trap seat" that would allow people to bail out of an airplane more quickly.[93][94]
Kid Azteca (ring name for Luis Villanueva Páramo), Mexican boxer and one of only a few boxers to win more than 50 bouts by knockout; in
Mexico City (d.
2002)
Serbia's Prime Minister
Nikola Pašić and his cabinet resigned because of the nation's lack of progress in negotiating with
Bulgaria, after which the Serbian minister left
Sofia. Pašić formed a new government when the
Second Balkan War broke out days later.[96]
U.S. President
Woodrow Wilson addressed a joint session of Congress on his support of the McAdoo-Owen-Glass Banking Bill, and the need to create a federal reserve system for banking.[97] The legislation would pass at the end of the year as the
Federal Reserve Act.[98]
The predecessor of the
Aldi store chain was opened by Anna Siepmann (later Anna Albrecht) in Schonnebeck, a suburb of
Essen in
Germany. In the 1920s, after marrying a coal miner, she would give birth to two sons,
Karl and
Theo Albrecht, who would, on July 10, 1946, create the discount grocery store called Albrecht Diskont, before using the first two syllables to coin the name (in 1962) to Aldi.[100]
The
Washington Senators hosted the
Philadelphia Athletics for a baseball doubleheader, and batted first in the second game at
Washington, D.C., a departure from the rule that the visitors start off the game at bat. The Athletics won 10–3. The oddity would not happen again for 94 years, until September 26, 2007, in
Washington state, when the
Seattle Mariners hosted the
Cleveland Indians and batted first, in a game which Cleveland would win 12–4.[110]
Died: Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 61, British noble referred to as the "largest landowner in Europe except the Czar", with 1,385,000 acres of land, or more than 2,100 square miles (b.
1851)[112]
Lawrence bathhouse tragedy – Eleven boys in
Lawrence, Massachusetts drowned when the pier they were on that led to a floating bathhouse in the
Merrimack River suddenly collapsed. About forty young men were stomping their feet while waiting for the doors to open, causing the pier to break apart.[130]
^J. A. S. Grenville, The Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century: A History and Guide with Texts, Volume 1 (Taylor & Francis, 2001) p. 50
^Richard A. Baker, 200 Notable Days: Senate Stories, 1787 To 2002 (Government Printing Office, 2006) p. 110
^Hatcher, Colin; Schwarzkopf, Tom (1983). Edmonton's electric transit: the story of Edmonton's streetcars and trolley buses. Railfare Enterprises.
^Andrews, Dr Michael (May 2001). Peascod, Michael (ed.). "The Harrington and Lowca Light Railway". Cumbrian Railways. 7 (2). Pinner: Cumbrian Railways Association: 20.
ISSN1466-6812.
^Butt, R.V.J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations. Sparkford: Patrick Stephens. p. 209.
ISBN1-85260-508-1.
^"Miss Davison Dead, Hailed as Martyr", New York Times, June 9, 1913
^"How the Derby Was Won", New York Times, June 5, 1913
^"Tisza to Form Cabinet", New York Times, June 8, 1913
^Campbell, John (1987). "Germany 1906–1922". In Sturton, Ian (ed.). Conway's All the World's Battleships: 1906 to the Present. London: Conway Maritime Press. p. 36.
ISBN978-0-85177-448-0.
^"Jack Johnson Gets a Prison Sentence", Milwaukee Journal, June 8, 1913
^David L. Fleitz, Shoeless: The Life and Times of Joe Jackson (McFarland, 2001) p. 76
^Carl Van Vechten and Edward Burns, The Letters of Gertrude Stein and Carl Van Vechten: 1913–1946 (Columbia University Press, 1986) p. 16
^Olof Höjer, notes to Erik Satie: Complete Piano Music, Vol. 5, Swedish Society Discofil, 1996, p. 13
^Erik Satie, autobiographical blurb for publisher E. Demets' Bulletin des Editions musicales, December 1913. Quoted in Nigel Wilkins, "The Writings of Erik Satie", Eulenburg Books, London, 1980, p. 79
^"British Prince at Niagara", New York Times, June 7, 1913
^Andrew Mango, Atatürk: The Biography of the founder of Modern Turkey (Penguin, 2002) p. ii
^"Americans Take Moro Fort", New York Times, June 13, 1913
^"Record of Current Events", The American Monthly Review of Reviews (July 1913), pp. 36-39
^Anca Alamillo, Alejandro (2006). Naufragios de la Armada Española y otros sucesos marítimos acaecidos durante el siglo XX (in Spanish). pp. 30–41.
^"New Submarine Down 36 Hours", New York Times, June 12, 1913
^Niall Ferguson, Paper and Iron: Hamburg Business and German Politics in the Era of Inflation, 1897–1927 (Cambridge University Press, 2002) p. 31
^Rodolfo Rodrigues (2009). Escudos dos Times do Mundo Inteiro. Panda Books. p. 77.
^"Allies Accept Arbitration", New York Times, June 13, 1913
^"Record of Current Events" June 1913, pp. 672-675
^"Sait Halim Pasha (1863–1921), in Historical Dictionary of Turkey, Metin Heper and Nur Bilge Criss (Scarecrow Press, 2009) p. 266
^Abraham D. Lavender, Miami Beach in 1920: The Making of a Winter Resort (Arcadia Publishing, 2002) p. 26
^"The History of the Animated Cartoon", by Earl Theisen, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers (September 1933), reprinted in A Technological History of Motion Pictures and Television (University of California Press, 1967) p. 85
^"Senators Favor Woman Suffrage", New York Times, June 14, 1913
^Fred Aftalion, History of the International Chemical Industry: From the "Early Days" to 2000 (Chemical Heritage Foundation, 2001) p. 57
^David A. Hounshell and John Kenly Smith, Science and Corporate Strategy: Du Pont R&D, 1902–1980 (Cambridge University Press, 1988) p. 172
^"Reveals a Secret of Kaiser's Reign", New York Times, June 17, 1913
^Taber, Thomas T., III (1987). Railroads of Pennsylvania Encyclopedia and Atlas. Thomas T. Taber III. p. 402.
ISBN0-9603398-5-X.{{
cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link)
^"Dutch Election Is Close", New York Times, June 22, 1913
^"Again Pass Welsh Church Bill", New York Times, June 18, 1913
^Gamboa, Coylee (2011). Led by the Spirit, SSpS Philippines: A Journey of a Hundred Years 1912-2012. Quezon City, Philippines: SSpS Rosary Province. p. 40.
^"The First Arab Congress and the Committee of Union and Progress, 1913–1914", by David S. Thomas, in Essays on Islamic Civilization (Brill, 1976) p. 319
^Clifford D. Rosenberg, Policing Paris: The Origins of Modern Immigration Control Between the Wars (Cornell University Press, 2006) p. 139
^"HMAS AE2". Sea Power Centre – Australia. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
^Palle B. Petterson, Cameras Into the Wild: A History of Early Wildlife and Expedition Filmmaking, 1895–1928 (McFarland, 2011) p. 135
^Imperator, Biggest of Liners, in Port", New York Times, June 19, 1913
^Robert A. Simons, et al., Indigenous Peoples And Real Estate Valuation (Springer, 2008) p178; Lauren Segal and Sharon Cort, One Law, One Nation: The Making of the South African Constitution (Jacana Media, 2012)
^Kari Palonen, et al., The Ashgate Research Companion to the Politics of Democratization in Europe: Concepts and Histories (Ashgate Publishing, 2008) p. 240
^Simon Mitton, Fred Hoyle: A Life in Science (Cambridge University Press, 2011) p. 101
^Hadaway, W. S., & Huguenot and Historical Association of New Rochelle, N.Y. (1936). Through Fifty Years: An Account of the Founding and Development of the Huguenot and Historical Association of New Rochelle. New Rochelle, N.Y: The Association.
^Andre Gerolymatos, The Balkan Wars (Basic Books, 2008) p. 228
^Sneh Mahajan, British Foreign Policy: 1874–1914 (Routledge, 2002) p. 181 ; Richard C. Hall, Balkan Wars 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War (Routledge, 2000) p. 1
^Wah, Malvyne Jong; Page, Jeffrey E., eds. (November 2007).
New South Wales Parliamentary Record 1824 – 2007(PDF). Vol. VIII. Parliament of New South Wales. pp. 263–264. Archived from
the original(PDF) on 18 March 2011. Retrieved 3 January 2012.
After U.S. President
Woodrow Wilson warned the public about the money being spent by lobbyists to fight tariff reform, the
United States Senate ordered its Judiciary Committee to prepare a report with "the names of all lobbyists attempting to influence such pending legislation and the methods that they have employed to accomplish their ends". Over the next six days, the 96 Senators were required to appear before a special subcommittee and to state, under oath, whether they had a financial interest in the outcome of any pending bills.[2]
The last known specimen of the
Canary Islands oystercatcher (Haematopus meadewaldoi) was caught, then released, by British ornithologist
David Armitage Bannerman. Possible sightings were reported as late as the 1960s, but the bird is considered extinct.[8]
Russian composer
Igor Stravinsky and his wife Yekaterina ate oysters for dinner, and then fell ill with
typhus and were incapacitated for more than a month.[11]
Suffragette
Emily Davison was fatally injured when she ran in front of Anmer, the racehorse owned by
King George, in the running of the
Epsom Derby. Davison came from out of the stands, ducked under a railing and past police, and ran out in front of the horse, who was in last place.
Herbert Jones, who was riding Anmer, was thrown and knocked unconscious for two hours, while Davison was trampled by the horse and never woke up.[13] She died four days later.[14]
The
Epsom Derby was won by
Aboyeur, who had 100 to 1 odds against him and had finished in second place behind the favorite, Cragonour. After Cragonour was announced as the winner, an objection was raised by race stewards, because American jockey Johnnie Reiff had bumped other horses on the way to the finish.[15]
In
Chicago, world heavyweight boxing champion
Jack Johnson was sentenced to one year and one day in prison at
Joliet, Illinois, after being found guilty of violating the
Mann Act. He was also given two weeks to seek a reconsideration.[18]
Prince Albert Frederick George, the 17-year-old son of King
George V, and the future King
George VI, made his first visit to the
United States, crossing the border from
Canada into
Niagara Falls, New York. Prince Albert, who was in
Canada with 60 cadets from HMS Cumberland, was not immediately recognized in the crowd, but told reporters later that "This is my first trip to the continent and the first time I have stood under the Stars and Stripes on American soil."[26]
Archdeacon
Hudson Stuck and a team of mountaineers (
Harry Karstens,
Robert Tatum and
Walter Harper) became the first persons to reach the top of
North America's highest mountain, the 20,156 feet (6,144 m) high Mount McKinley (now called by its original name,
Denali) in
Alaska. Harper, born in
Alaska and son of an
Athabaskan mother, was the first of the group to reach the summit. The feat was reported on June 20.[29]
The world's largest swimming pool, as wide as a city block (400 feet, 120 m) and twice as long (600 feet, 180 m), opened at
Palisades Amusement Park in
New Jersey. The pool, made of cement, was constructed by park owners and brothers
Nicholas and
Joseph M. Schenck.[31]
The
Supreme Court of the United States upheld the constitutionality of the law requiring newspapers to publish statements of circulation and ownership, and to mark advertising plainly.[36]
Turkish Grand Vizier
Mahmud Shevket Pasha was assassinated in
Istanbul. Shefket Pasha was being driven from the Ministry of War in a car, when another car pulled alongside him and ten shots were fired.
Said Halim Pasha, the Foreign Minister, was appointed as his successor.[40] Twelve "real or alleged plotters" were arrested, and hanged on June 24.[41]
Spanish gunboat
Cañonero General Concha ran aground due to dense fog in hostile Moroccan territory near
Alhucemas,
Spanish Morocco where they were set upon by
Kabyle rebels. The crew of 53 held off the rebels for 15 hours before they were rescued by the
Spanish Navy, afterwards the boat was shelled and sunk. In the wreck and ensuing fight, the crew suffered 16 dead, 17 injured and 11 taken prisoner.[44]
A record of 36 hours underwater was set by the Cage, a submarine invented by John Milton Cage Sr., who had taken the boat down at 5:00 in the morning the day before, along with five other men.[45]
The German ocean liner
SS Imperator, largest in the world at the time, was launched from
Hamburg.[46]
Even as both nations were preparing to go to war with each other,
Serbia and
Bulgaria agreed to Russian arbitration of their dispute over the territories captured during the
First Balkan War.[48]
Billed as "the longest wooden bridge in the world", the 2.5 mile long
Collins Bridge opened, turning the small town of
Miami,
Florida (1910 population 5,471) into a premier resort area by making
Miami Beach more accessible to more tourists. Previously, the beach could only be reached from the mainland by ferry boat and was impractical as an investment.[51]
John Randolph Bray, an American animator, premiered the innovative cartoon The Artist's Dream, which an author would later say was "the forerunner of the cartoon vogue" as the first popular animated film.[52]
June 13, 1913 (Friday)
The
United States Senate Committee on Woman Suffrage reported favorably on a proposed amendment to the U.S. Constitution providing that the right to vote shall not be denied because of gender.[53]
The U.S. government successfully broke up the monopoly held by gunpowder manufacturer
E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company. The corporation was split into three competing companies,
DuPont (which would diversify into chemical manufacturing),
Hercules Powder Company and Atlas Powder Company.[54]
On the same day, the DuPont Cellophane Company, owned 52 percent by DuPont, was formed in partnership with a French consortium, for the American manufacture of the new French product, transparent
cellophane sheets.[55]
Eleven construction workers for the Bradley Contracting Company were killed in the cave-in of new subways underneath Fifty-sixth Street in
New York City.[61]
The German
battlecruiserDerfflinger, first of its class and the most powerful German
battleship up to that time, was launched. Moments after it was christened by the wife of General August von Mackensen, the ship moved only fifteen inches down the skids before it came to a halt, jammed because of a defect in one of the sledges.[62]
The South African government passed the Immigration Act, which restricted the immigration of people from India.[63]
The funeral procession for
Emily Davison, an English suffragette who was trampled by a horse while protesting at the
Epsom Derby on the 4th of June 1913, was held. Thousands of suffragettes marched from Buckingham Palace Road to St George's Church where Miss Davison's body was laid to rest.[64]
Driven out by shelling from American and Philippine troops during the
Battle of Bud Bagsak, the 500
Moro defenders made a charge against the firepower of the Pershing contingent's artillery, and were killed. Pershing's troops sustained 27 casualties.[67] The uneven battle brought an end to the Moro resistance with the deaths of 2,000 Moro defenders, including women and children, as well as the death of 340 American troops.[68]
Kaiser Wilhelm celebrated the 25th anniversary of his ascension to the throne in 1888. "Twenty-five years of peace", the Kaiser told American industrialist and peace delegate
Andrew Carnegie, "and I hope there will be twenty-five more".[71]The German Empire would enter
World War I less than fourteen months later. Half a million people lined the streets of
Berlin to cheer the Kaiser and the Kaiserin. The Kaiser proclaimed an amnesty for "those whose misdeeds were committed through poverty or while in a state of irresponsibility", and for Army and Navy men punished for most violations of regulations.[72]
Governor-General
Charles Lutaud abolished the requirement for natives to obtain travel permits within
French Algeria, or from Algeria to mainland
France.[78]
John Ernest Williamson, whose father had invented a transparent diving bell called the "photosphere", became the first person to take photographs from beneath the ocean surface, by taking a camera with him and snapping pictures while underwater inside the bell.[80]
The Hamburg-American ocean liner Imperator, the largest ship in the world, arrived safely in New York on its maiden transatlantic voyage.[81]
The
Parliament of South Africa passed the
Natives Land Act, defining which areas could be owned by white South Africans, and which by black South Africans. Black South Africans were barred from purchasing or owning white persons' property.[82]
Italian occupation forces fought a fierce battle against the Arab residents of Ettangi,
Tripolitania.
Libya.[85]
The Army's Auxiliary Aerial Militia Squadron, a precursor to the
Mexican Air Force, was established.[86]
French pilot
Maurice Prévost set a new airplane speed record, averaging 117 miles per hour in a flight of over 217 miles, in a circular course near Paris.[87]
Georgia Thompson "Tiny" Broadwick became the first woman to parachute from an airplane, jumping from a plane piloted by aviator
Glenn L. Martin over
Los Angeles. Broadwick had volunteered to test Martin's invention of a "trap seat" that would allow people to bail out of an airplane more quickly.[93][94]
Kid Azteca (ring name for Luis Villanueva Páramo), Mexican boxer and one of only a few boxers to win more than 50 bouts by knockout; in
Mexico City (d.
2002)
Serbia's Prime Minister
Nikola Pašić and his cabinet resigned because of the nation's lack of progress in negotiating with
Bulgaria, after which the Serbian minister left
Sofia. Pašić formed a new government when the
Second Balkan War broke out days later.[96]
U.S. President
Woodrow Wilson addressed a joint session of Congress on his support of the McAdoo-Owen-Glass Banking Bill, and the need to create a federal reserve system for banking.[97] The legislation would pass at the end of the year as the
Federal Reserve Act.[98]
The predecessor of the
Aldi store chain was opened by Anna Siepmann (later Anna Albrecht) in Schonnebeck, a suburb of
Essen in
Germany. In the 1920s, after marrying a coal miner, she would give birth to two sons,
Karl and
Theo Albrecht, who would, on July 10, 1946, create the discount grocery store called Albrecht Diskont, before using the first two syllables to coin the name (in 1962) to Aldi.[100]
The
Washington Senators hosted the
Philadelphia Athletics for a baseball doubleheader, and batted first in the second game at
Washington, D.C., a departure from the rule that the visitors start off the game at bat. The Athletics won 10–3. The oddity would not happen again for 94 years, until September 26, 2007, in
Washington state, when the
Seattle Mariners hosted the
Cleveland Indians and batted first, in a game which Cleveland would win 12–4.[110]
Died: Cromartie Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 61, British noble referred to as the "largest landowner in Europe except the Czar", with 1,385,000 acres of land, or more than 2,100 square miles (b.
1851)[112]
Lawrence bathhouse tragedy – Eleven boys in
Lawrence, Massachusetts drowned when the pier they were on that led to a floating bathhouse in the
Merrimack River suddenly collapsed. About forty young men were stomping their feet while waiting for the doors to open, causing the pier to break apart.[130]
^J. A. S. Grenville, The Major International Treaties of the Twentieth Century: A History and Guide with Texts, Volume 1 (Taylor & Francis, 2001) p. 50
^Richard A. Baker, 200 Notable Days: Senate Stories, 1787 To 2002 (Government Printing Office, 2006) p. 110
^Hatcher, Colin; Schwarzkopf, Tom (1983). Edmonton's electric transit: the story of Edmonton's streetcars and trolley buses. Railfare Enterprises.
^Andrews, Dr Michael (May 2001). Peascod, Michael (ed.). "The Harrington and Lowca Light Railway". Cumbrian Railways. 7 (2). Pinner: Cumbrian Railways Association: 20.
ISSN1466-6812.
^Butt, R.V.J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations. Sparkford: Patrick Stephens. p. 209.
ISBN1-85260-508-1.
^"Miss Davison Dead, Hailed as Martyr", New York Times, June 9, 1913
^"How the Derby Was Won", New York Times, June 5, 1913
^"Tisza to Form Cabinet", New York Times, June 8, 1913
^Campbell, John (1987). "Germany 1906–1922". In Sturton, Ian (ed.). Conway's All the World's Battleships: 1906 to the Present. London: Conway Maritime Press. p. 36.
ISBN978-0-85177-448-0.
^"Jack Johnson Gets a Prison Sentence", Milwaukee Journal, June 8, 1913
^David L. Fleitz, Shoeless: The Life and Times of Joe Jackson (McFarland, 2001) p. 76
^Carl Van Vechten and Edward Burns, The Letters of Gertrude Stein and Carl Van Vechten: 1913–1946 (Columbia University Press, 1986) p. 16
^Olof Höjer, notes to Erik Satie: Complete Piano Music, Vol. 5, Swedish Society Discofil, 1996, p. 13
^Erik Satie, autobiographical blurb for publisher E. Demets' Bulletin des Editions musicales, December 1913. Quoted in Nigel Wilkins, "The Writings of Erik Satie", Eulenburg Books, London, 1980, p. 79
^"British Prince at Niagara", New York Times, June 7, 1913
^Andrew Mango, Atatürk: The Biography of the founder of Modern Turkey (Penguin, 2002) p. ii
^"Americans Take Moro Fort", New York Times, June 13, 1913
^"Record of Current Events", The American Monthly Review of Reviews (July 1913), pp. 36-39
^Anca Alamillo, Alejandro (2006). Naufragios de la Armada Española y otros sucesos marítimos acaecidos durante el siglo XX (in Spanish). pp. 30–41.
^"New Submarine Down 36 Hours", New York Times, June 12, 1913
^Niall Ferguson, Paper and Iron: Hamburg Business and German Politics in the Era of Inflation, 1897–1927 (Cambridge University Press, 2002) p. 31
^Rodolfo Rodrigues (2009). Escudos dos Times do Mundo Inteiro. Panda Books. p. 77.
^"Allies Accept Arbitration", New York Times, June 13, 1913
^"Record of Current Events" June 1913, pp. 672-675
^"Sait Halim Pasha (1863–1921), in Historical Dictionary of Turkey, Metin Heper and Nur Bilge Criss (Scarecrow Press, 2009) p. 266
^Abraham D. Lavender, Miami Beach in 1920: The Making of a Winter Resort (Arcadia Publishing, 2002) p. 26
^"The History of the Animated Cartoon", by Earl Theisen, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers (September 1933), reprinted in A Technological History of Motion Pictures and Television (University of California Press, 1967) p. 85
^"Senators Favor Woman Suffrage", New York Times, June 14, 1913
^Fred Aftalion, History of the International Chemical Industry: From the "Early Days" to 2000 (Chemical Heritage Foundation, 2001) p. 57
^David A. Hounshell and John Kenly Smith, Science and Corporate Strategy: Du Pont R&D, 1902–1980 (Cambridge University Press, 1988) p. 172
^"Reveals a Secret of Kaiser's Reign", New York Times, June 17, 1913
^Taber, Thomas T., III (1987). Railroads of Pennsylvania Encyclopedia and Atlas. Thomas T. Taber III. p. 402.
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^"Dutch Election Is Close", New York Times, June 22, 1913
^"Again Pass Welsh Church Bill", New York Times, June 18, 1913
^Gamboa, Coylee (2011). Led by the Spirit, SSpS Philippines: A Journey of a Hundred Years 1912-2012. Quezon City, Philippines: SSpS Rosary Province. p. 40.
^"The First Arab Congress and the Committee of Union and Progress, 1913–1914", by David S. Thomas, in Essays on Islamic Civilization (Brill, 1976) p. 319
^Clifford D. Rosenberg, Policing Paris: The Origins of Modern Immigration Control Between the Wars (Cornell University Press, 2006) p. 139
^"HMAS AE2". Sea Power Centre – Australia. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
^Palle B. Petterson, Cameras Into the Wild: A History of Early Wildlife and Expedition Filmmaking, 1895–1928 (McFarland, 2011) p. 135
^Imperator, Biggest of Liners, in Port", New York Times, June 19, 1913
^Robert A. Simons, et al., Indigenous Peoples And Real Estate Valuation (Springer, 2008) p178; Lauren Segal and Sharon Cort, One Law, One Nation: The Making of the South African Constitution (Jacana Media, 2012)
^Kari Palonen, et al., The Ashgate Research Companion to the Politics of Democratization in Europe: Concepts and Histories (Ashgate Publishing, 2008) p. 240
^Simon Mitton, Fred Hoyle: A Life in Science (Cambridge University Press, 2011) p. 101
^Hadaway, W. S., & Huguenot and Historical Association of New Rochelle, N.Y. (1936). Through Fifty Years: An Account of the Founding and Development of the Huguenot and Historical Association of New Rochelle. New Rochelle, N.Y: The Association.
^Andre Gerolymatos, The Balkan Wars (Basic Books, 2008) p. 228
^Sneh Mahajan, British Foreign Policy: 1874–1914 (Routledge, 2002) p. 181 ; Richard C. Hall, Balkan Wars 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War (Routledge, 2000) p. 1
^Wah, Malvyne Jong; Page, Jeffrey E., eds. (November 2007).
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