Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Coactin, Leo, Selexid, Selexidin |
AHFS/ Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
Pregnancy category |
|
Routes of administration | Intravenous, intramuscular |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | Negligible |
Protein binding | 5 to 10% |
Metabolism | Some hepatic metabolism |
Elimination half-life | 1 to 3 hours |
Excretion | Renal and biliary, mostly unchanged |
Identifiers | |
| |
CAS Number | |
PubChem CID | |
DrugBank | |
ChemSpider | |
UNII | |
KEGG | |
ChEMBL | |
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.046.601 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C15H23N3O3S |
Molar mass | 325.43 g·mol−1 |
3D model ( JSmol) | |
| |
(what is this?) (verify) |
Mecillinam ( INN) or amdinocillin ( USAN) is an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic of the amidinopenicillin class that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), [2] and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria. It is used primarily in the treatment of urinary tract infections, and has also been used to treat typhoid and paratyphoid fever. [3] [4] Because mecillinam has very low oral bioavailability, an orally active prodrug was developed: pivmecillinam.
Mecillinam is used in the treatment of infections due to susceptible gram-negative bacteria, especially urinary tract infections which are most commonly caused by Escherichia coli. [5] Mecillinam is active against most pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some species of Proteus. [6] Several studies have also found it to be as effective as other antibiotics for treating Staphylococcus saprophyticus infection, though it is Gram-positive, possibly because mecillinam reaches very high concentrations in urine. [1]
Worldwide resistance to mecillinam in bacteria causing urinary tract infection has remained very low since its introduction; a 2003 study conducted in 16 European countries and Canada found resistance to range from 1.2% ( Escherichia coli) to 5.2% ( Proteus mirabilis). [7] Another large study conducted in Europe and Brazil obtained similar results — 95.9% of E. coli strains, for instance, were sensitive to mecillinam. [8]
The adverse effect profile of mecillinam is similar to that of other penicillins. [2] Its most common side effects are rash and gastrointestinal upset, including nausea and vomiting. [1]
With the codename FL 1060, mecillinam was developed by the Danish pharmaceutical company Leo Pharmaceutical Products (now LEO Pharma). It was first described in the scientific literature in a 1972 paper. [9] [10]
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Coactin, Leo, Selexid, Selexidin |
AHFS/ Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
Pregnancy category |
|
Routes of administration | Intravenous, intramuscular |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | Negligible |
Protein binding | 5 to 10% |
Metabolism | Some hepatic metabolism |
Elimination half-life | 1 to 3 hours |
Excretion | Renal and biliary, mostly unchanged |
Identifiers | |
| |
CAS Number | |
PubChem CID | |
DrugBank | |
ChemSpider | |
UNII | |
KEGG | |
ChEMBL | |
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.046.601 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C15H23N3O3S |
Molar mass | 325.43 g·mol−1 |
3D model ( JSmol) | |
| |
(what is this?) (verify) |
Mecillinam ( INN) or amdinocillin ( USAN) is an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic of the amidinopenicillin class that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), [2] and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria. It is used primarily in the treatment of urinary tract infections, and has also been used to treat typhoid and paratyphoid fever. [3] [4] Because mecillinam has very low oral bioavailability, an orally active prodrug was developed: pivmecillinam.
Mecillinam is used in the treatment of infections due to susceptible gram-negative bacteria, especially urinary tract infections which are most commonly caused by Escherichia coli. [5] Mecillinam is active against most pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria, except Pseudomonas aeruginosa and some species of Proteus. [6] Several studies have also found it to be as effective as other antibiotics for treating Staphylococcus saprophyticus infection, though it is Gram-positive, possibly because mecillinam reaches very high concentrations in urine. [1]
Worldwide resistance to mecillinam in bacteria causing urinary tract infection has remained very low since its introduction; a 2003 study conducted in 16 European countries and Canada found resistance to range from 1.2% ( Escherichia coli) to 5.2% ( Proteus mirabilis). [7] Another large study conducted in Europe and Brazil obtained similar results — 95.9% of E. coli strains, for instance, were sensitive to mecillinam. [8]
The adverse effect profile of mecillinam is similar to that of other penicillins. [2] Its most common side effects are rash and gastrointestinal upset, including nausea and vomiting. [1]
With the codename FL 1060, mecillinam was developed by the Danish pharmaceutical company Leo Pharmaceutical Products (now LEO Pharma). It was first described in the scientific literature in a 1972 paper. [9] [10]