The following is a list of
psychedelic drugs of various chemical classes, including both naturally occurring and synthetic compounds.
Serotonergic psychedelics are usually considered the "classical" psychedelics[dubious –
discuss], whereas the other classes are often seen as having only secondary psychedelic properties; nonetheless all of the compounds listed here are considered psychoactive and hallucinogenic in humans to some degree.
Some of these compounds may be classified differently or under more than one category due to a unique structural classification, multiple mechanisms of action, or the fact that the precise
pharmacodynamic actions of the compound are not yet completely understood. Because of the vast amount of possible substitutions and chemical analogs of most psychedelic compounds, the total diversity of chemical compounds which produce psychedelic effects in humans is not fully reflected within this list, leaving room for many that have not yet been sufficiently investigated and others that have not yet been discovered.
Naturally occurring compounds are marked with a †.
Psilocin†, also known as '4-HO-DMT'; another active constituent of the Psilocybe genus of mushrooms; also a metabolite of psilocybin and
psilacetin
Psilocybin†, also known as '4-PO-DMT'; the primary active constituent of the Psilocybe genus of mushrooms; its effects are partially attributed to psilocin, to which it is a
prodrug via
dephosphorylation
Bufotenin†, also known as '5-HO-DMT' and dimethylserotonin; another constituent of the skin and venom of
psychoactive toads, its psychedelic activity is disputed; also a metabolite of 5-MeO-DMT
Baeocystin†, also known as '4-PO-NMT'; another active constituent of the Psilocybe genus of mushrooms; its psychedelic activity is disputed
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine†, also known as 'DMT'; the primary active constituent of the Amerindian brew
ayahuasca; endogenously present in various plants and animals, including humans, possibly a
trace amine neurotransmitter
1-methyl-lysergic acid butanolamide, also known as 'Methysergide'; the active constituent of Sansert and Deseril; a prodrug which has to be metabolized to methylergometrine to become psychoactive
^Pertwee, R G (April 2006). "The pharmacology of cannabinoid receptors and their ligands: an overview". International Journal of Obesity. 30 (S1): S13–S18.
doi:
10.1038/sj.ijo.0803272.
ISSN0307-0565.
PMID16570099.
^Grotenhermen, Franjos; Russo, Ethan, eds. (2002). Cannabis and cannabinoids : pharmacology, toxicology, and therapeutic potential. New York: Haworth Integrative Healing Press.
ISBN9781136614941.
OCLC606854125.
^Huestis, M. A. (2005), "Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of the Plant Cannabinoids, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannibinol, Cannabidiol and Cannabinol", in Pertwee, Roger G. (ed.), Cannabinoids, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol. 168, Springer-Verlag, pp. 657–690,
doi:
10.1007/3-540-26573-2_23,
ISBN9783540225652,
PMID16596792
The following is a list of
psychedelic drugs of various chemical classes, including both naturally occurring and synthetic compounds.
Serotonergic psychedelics are usually considered the "classical" psychedelics[dubious –
discuss], whereas the other classes are often seen as having only secondary psychedelic properties; nonetheless all of the compounds listed here are considered psychoactive and hallucinogenic in humans to some degree.
Some of these compounds may be classified differently or under more than one category due to a unique structural classification, multiple mechanisms of action, or the fact that the precise
pharmacodynamic actions of the compound are not yet completely understood. Because of the vast amount of possible substitutions and chemical analogs of most psychedelic compounds, the total diversity of chemical compounds which produce psychedelic effects in humans is not fully reflected within this list, leaving room for many that have not yet been sufficiently investigated and others that have not yet been discovered.
Naturally occurring compounds are marked with a †.
Psilocin†, also known as '4-HO-DMT'; another active constituent of the Psilocybe genus of mushrooms; also a metabolite of psilocybin and
psilacetin
Psilocybin†, also known as '4-PO-DMT'; the primary active constituent of the Psilocybe genus of mushrooms; its effects are partially attributed to psilocin, to which it is a
prodrug via
dephosphorylation
Bufotenin†, also known as '5-HO-DMT' and dimethylserotonin; another constituent of the skin and venom of
psychoactive toads, its psychedelic activity is disputed; also a metabolite of 5-MeO-DMT
Baeocystin†, also known as '4-PO-NMT'; another active constituent of the Psilocybe genus of mushrooms; its psychedelic activity is disputed
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine†, also known as 'DMT'; the primary active constituent of the Amerindian brew
ayahuasca; endogenously present in various plants and animals, including humans, possibly a
trace amine neurotransmitter
1-methyl-lysergic acid butanolamide, also known as 'Methysergide'; the active constituent of Sansert and Deseril; a prodrug which has to be metabolized to methylergometrine to become psychoactive
^Pertwee, R G (April 2006). "The pharmacology of cannabinoid receptors and their ligands: an overview". International Journal of Obesity. 30 (S1): S13–S18.
doi:
10.1038/sj.ijo.0803272.
ISSN0307-0565.
PMID16570099.
^Grotenhermen, Franjos; Russo, Ethan, eds. (2002). Cannabis and cannabinoids : pharmacology, toxicology, and therapeutic potential. New York: Haworth Integrative Healing Press.
ISBN9781136614941.
OCLC606854125.
^Huestis, M. A. (2005), "Pharmacokinetics and Metabolism of the Plant Cannabinoids, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannibinol, Cannabidiol and Cannabinol", in Pertwee, Roger G. (ed.), Cannabinoids, Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol. 168, Springer-Verlag, pp. 657–690,
doi:
10.1007/3-540-26573-2_23,
ISBN9783540225652,
PMID16596792