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Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Gamibetal, others |
Other names | Buxamine; Buxamina; Bussamina; γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid; GABOB; β-Hydroxy-γ-aminobutyric acid; β-Hydroxy-GABA |
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CAS Number |
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PubChem CID | |
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CompTox Dashboard ( EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.011.916 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C4H9NO3 |
Molar mass | 119.120 g·mol−1 |
3D model ( JSmol) | |
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γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB), also known as β-hydroxy-γ-aminobutyric acid (β-hydroxy-GABA), and sold under the brand name Gamibetal among others, is an anticonvulsant which is used for the treatment of epilepsy in Europe, Japan, and Mexico. [1] [2] It is a GABA analogue, or an analogue of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and has been found to be an endogenous metabolite of GABA. [2] [3] [4] [5]
GABOB is an anticonvulsant and is used in the treatment of epilepsy. [1] [2]
GABOB is a GABA receptor agonist. [6] It has two stereoisomers, and shows stereoselectivity in its actions. [6] Specifically, (R)-(–)-GABOB is a moderate- potency agonist of the GABAB receptor, while (S)-(+)-GABOB is a partial agonist of the GABAB receptor and an agonist of the GABAA receptor. [6] (S)-(+)-GABOB is around twice as potent an anticonvulsant as (R)-(–)-GABOB. [7] GABOB is used medically as a racemic mixture. [6]
Relative to GABA, GABOB has more potent inhibitory effects on the central nervous system, perhaps due to its greater capacity to cross the blood–brain barrier. [5] [8] However, GABOB is of relatively low potency as an anticonvulsant when used by itself, and is more useful as an adjuvant treatment used alongside another anticonvulsant. [9] [10]
GABOB, or β-hydroxy-GABA, is a close structural analogue of GABA (see GABA analogue), as well as of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), phenibut (β-phenyl-GABA), baclofen (β-(4-chlorophenyl)-GABA), [11] and pregabalin (β-isobutyl-GABA).
GABOB has been referred to by the generic name buxamine or buxamina. [1] [6]
GABOB is sold primarily under the brand name Gamibetal. [1] It has also been marketed under a variety of other brand names including Aminoxan, Bogil, Diastal, Gabimex, Gabomade, Gaboril, Gamalate, and Kolpo. [1] [12]
![]() | |
![]() | |
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Gamibetal, others |
Other names | Buxamine; Buxamina; Bussamina; γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid; GABOB; β-Hydroxy-γ-aminobutyric acid; β-Hydroxy-GABA |
Identifiers | |
| |
CAS Number |
|
PubChem CID | |
ChemSpider | |
UNII | |
KEGG | |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
CompTox Dashboard ( EPA) | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.011.916 |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C4H9NO3 |
Molar mass | 119.120 g·mol−1 |
3D model ( JSmol) | |
| |
|
γ-Amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid (GABOB), also known as β-hydroxy-γ-aminobutyric acid (β-hydroxy-GABA), and sold under the brand name Gamibetal among others, is an anticonvulsant which is used for the treatment of epilepsy in Europe, Japan, and Mexico. [1] [2] It is a GABA analogue, or an analogue of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and has been found to be an endogenous metabolite of GABA. [2] [3] [4] [5]
GABOB is an anticonvulsant and is used in the treatment of epilepsy. [1] [2]
GABOB is a GABA receptor agonist. [6] It has two stereoisomers, and shows stereoselectivity in its actions. [6] Specifically, (R)-(–)-GABOB is a moderate- potency agonist of the GABAB receptor, while (S)-(+)-GABOB is a partial agonist of the GABAB receptor and an agonist of the GABAA receptor. [6] (S)-(+)-GABOB is around twice as potent an anticonvulsant as (R)-(–)-GABOB. [7] GABOB is used medically as a racemic mixture. [6]
Relative to GABA, GABOB has more potent inhibitory effects on the central nervous system, perhaps due to its greater capacity to cross the blood–brain barrier. [5] [8] However, GABOB is of relatively low potency as an anticonvulsant when used by itself, and is more useful as an adjuvant treatment used alongside another anticonvulsant. [9] [10]
GABOB, or β-hydroxy-GABA, is a close structural analogue of GABA (see GABA analogue), as well as of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), phenibut (β-phenyl-GABA), baclofen (β-(4-chlorophenyl)-GABA), [11] and pregabalin (β-isobutyl-GABA).
GABOB has been referred to by the generic name buxamine or buxamina. [1] [6]
GABOB is sold primarily under the brand name Gamibetal. [1] It has also been marketed under a variety of other brand names including Aminoxan, Bogil, Diastal, Gabimex, Gabomade, Gaboril, Gamalate, and Kolpo. [1] [12]