January 19 – Three ships from the Portuguese Navy arrive at the port of
Aden to assist Mohammed bin Ali al-Tawlaki, who has been defending the city against an attack by the Ottoman Navy. The Portuguese ships are forced to retreat to
Zeila in Somalia, where 120 survivors are captured and their ships are burned.[2]
April 15 – General
Zhu Wan of
Ming dynastyChina dispatches a fleet of ships, commanded by
Lu Tang, to destroy smugglers and pirates at
Shangyu, a port on Liuheng Island.[9] The fleet sets off from
Wenzhou and makes its attack in June.
The
Diet of Augsburg approves a decree of
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, the "Declaration of His Roman Imperial Majesty on the Observance of Religion Within the Holy Empire Until the Decision of the General Council", informally referred to as the
Augsburg Interim, directing German Protestants to resume the doctrine of the
Roman Catholic Church, including observance of the
Seven Sacraments.[10] As a concession, the Emperor allows the continuation of some Protestant customs, including the right of Protestant clergy to marry and for believers to receive the Protestant
communion of bread and wine.[11]
Ratan Singh of Amber, Raja of the Amber Kingdom in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan, is poisoned by his younger brother
Askaran, Raja of Narwar.[12]
June 10 – (5th day of the waxing moon in the 8th month of the
910th year of the
Chula Sakarat Era):
Yotfa, the 13-year-old ruler of the
Ayutthaya Kingdom of
Thailand since 1546, is murdered with the consent of his mother, the regent
Si Sudachan, who installs her lover,
Worawongsathirat, on the throne. Yotfa's younger brother, Prince Sissin, is spared from execution. Worawongsathirat and Si Sudachan are both killed in a counter-coup in November.[15]
June 16 – The first of 8,000 French troops under the command of General
André de Montalembert arrive at the port of
Leith at the invitation of the King of Scotland, who seeks to drive out the occupying forces of the Army of England.[17]
October 1 – Archduke Maximilian and Princess Maria, who married 18 days earlier, become the co-regents of Spain as King Charles V departs for Germany to administer the affairs of the Holy Roman Empire. They serve until
Prince Philip, the first regent, returns from battle on July 12, 1551.[22]
November 11 –
Worawongsathirat, ruler of the
Ayutthaya Kingdom of
Thailand after usurping the throne on June 10, stages his coronation along with his wife,
Si Sudachan. Both husband and wife had after both conspired to murder her son, King Yofta, in June.[26] The King and Queen are assassinated on January 13, 1549.[27]
December 17 –
King João III of
Portugal, creates a colonial government of Brazil, with a capital at
Bahia, in order to maintain unity among various Portuguese captaincies (
São Vicente,
Nova Lusitania,
Ilhéus and
Porto Seguro) scattered along the coast.[28] The document contains 48 articles governing the installation of the government, the organization of trade, measures for defense, treatment of the indigenous tribes, and policies toward foreigners. The King provides for a Governor-General, and appoints
Tomé de Sousa as the first officeholder.[29]
^Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation (2011).
นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย [Directory of Thai Kings] (PDF) (in Thai). Bangkok: Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation. p. 98.
^Akgunduz, Ahmed; Ozturk, Said (2011). Ottoman History: Misperceptions and Truths. IUR Press. p. 185.
ISBN978-90-902610-8-9.
^Mowat, Sue (2008). Port of Leith: Its History and Its People. John Donald. pp. 114–115.
ISBN978-1-904607-17-5.
^Broecke, Steven Vanden (2003). The Limits of Influence: Pico, Louvain, and the Crisis of Renaissance Astrology. Leiden: Brill. p. 168.
ISBN9789004131699.
^Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation (2011).
นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย [Directory of Thai Kings] (PDF) (in Thai). Bangkok: Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation. p. 98.
^Armelle Enders, Nouvelle histoire du Brésil (Éditions Chandeigne, 2008) p.33
January 19 – Three ships from the Portuguese Navy arrive at the port of
Aden to assist Mohammed bin Ali al-Tawlaki, who has been defending the city against an attack by the Ottoman Navy. The Portuguese ships are forced to retreat to
Zeila in Somalia, where 120 survivors are captured and their ships are burned.[2]
April 15 – General
Zhu Wan of
Ming dynastyChina dispatches a fleet of ships, commanded by
Lu Tang, to destroy smugglers and pirates at
Shangyu, a port on Liuheng Island.[9] The fleet sets off from
Wenzhou and makes its attack in June.
The
Diet of Augsburg approves a decree of
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, the "Declaration of His Roman Imperial Majesty on the Observance of Religion Within the Holy Empire Until the Decision of the General Council", informally referred to as the
Augsburg Interim, directing German Protestants to resume the doctrine of the
Roman Catholic Church, including observance of the
Seven Sacraments.[10] As a concession, the Emperor allows the continuation of some Protestant customs, including the right of Protestant clergy to marry and for believers to receive the Protestant
communion of bread and wine.[11]
Ratan Singh of Amber, Raja of the Amber Kingdom in what is now the Indian state of Rajasthan, is poisoned by his younger brother
Askaran, Raja of Narwar.[12]
June 10 – (5th day of the waxing moon in the 8th month of the
910th year of the
Chula Sakarat Era):
Yotfa, the 13-year-old ruler of the
Ayutthaya Kingdom of
Thailand since 1546, is murdered with the consent of his mother, the regent
Si Sudachan, who installs her lover,
Worawongsathirat, on the throne. Yotfa's younger brother, Prince Sissin, is spared from execution. Worawongsathirat and Si Sudachan are both killed in a counter-coup in November.[15]
June 16 – The first of 8,000 French troops under the command of General
André de Montalembert arrive at the port of
Leith at the invitation of the King of Scotland, who seeks to drive out the occupying forces of the Army of England.[17]
October 1 – Archduke Maximilian and Princess Maria, who married 18 days earlier, become the co-regents of Spain as King Charles V departs for Germany to administer the affairs of the Holy Roman Empire. They serve until
Prince Philip, the first regent, returns from battle on July 12, 1551.[22]
November 11 –
Worawongsathirat, ruler of the
Ayutthaya Kingdom of
Thailand after usurping the throne on June 10, stages his coronation along with his wife,
Si Sudachan. Both husband and wife had after both conspired to murder her son, King Yofta, in June.[26] The King and Queen are assassinated on January 13, 1549.[27]
December 17 –
King João III of
Portugal, creates a colonial government of Brazil, with a capital at
Bahia, in order to maintain unity among various Portuguese captaincies (
São Vicente,
Nova Lusitania,
Ilhéus and
Porto Seguro) scattered along the coast.[28] The document contains 48 articles governing the installation of the government, the organization of trade, measures for defense, treatment of the indigenous tribes, and policies toward foreigners. The King provides for a Governor-General, and appoints
Tomé de Sousa as the first officeholder.[29]
^Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation (2011).
นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย [Directory of Thai Kings] (PDF) (in Thai). Bangkok: Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation. p. 98.
^Akgunduz, Ahmed; Ozturk, Said (2011). Ottoman History: Misperceptions and Truths. IUR Press. p. 185.
ISBN978-90-902610-8-9.
^Mowat, Sue (2008). Port of Leith: Its History and Its People. John Donald. pp. 114–115.
ISBN978-1-904607-17-5.
^Broecke, Steven Vanden (2003). The Limits of Influence: Pico, Louvain, and the Crisis of Renaissance Astrology. Leiden: Brill. p. 168.
ISBN9789004131699.
^Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation (2011).
นามานุกรมพระมหากษัตริย์ไทย [Directory of Thai Kings] (PDF) (in Thai). Bangkok: Princess Sirindhorn's Foundation. p. 98.
^Armelle Enders, Nouvelle histoire du Brésil (Éditions Chandeigne, 2008) p.33