List of seaweeds recorded from the oceans bordering South Africa
This is a list of brown
seaweeds recorded from the
oceans bordering South Africa.
This list comprises locally used
common names,
scientific names with
author citation and recorded
ranges. Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the
Republic of South Africa.
List ordering and
taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in
Algaebase, and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region.
Sub-taxa within any given
taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule.
Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links.
Synonyms may be listed where useful.
Seaweed, or macroalgae, refers to thousands of species of
macroscopic,
multicellular,
marinealgae. The term includes some types of Rhodophyta (red), Phaeophyta (brown) and Chlorophyta (green) macroalgae. Seaweed species such as
kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species and thus protect food sources; other species, such as
planktonic algae, play a vital role in
capturing carbon and producing at least 50% of Earth's oxygen.
Natural seaweed ecosystems are sometimes under threat from human activity. For example, mechanical
dredging of kelp destroys the resource and dependent fisheries. Other forces also threaten some seaweed ecosystems; for example, a
wasting disease in predators of
purple urchins has led to an urchin population surge which has destroyed large
kelp forest regions off the coast of California.
Acid weed Desmarestia firma (C.Agardh) Skottsberg in Nordenskjöld 1907, syn. Sporochnus herbaceus var. firma C.Agardh 1824,[2] (Möwe Bay, Namibia to Betty's Bay. Doubtful record for Cape Agulhas)[1]
Canistrocarpus cervicornis (Kützing) De Paula & De Clerck in De Clerck et al. 2006, syn. Dictyota cervicornis Kützing 1859,[3] (Mission Rocks northwards into Mozambique)[4]
Smooth-tongued dictyopteris Dictyopteris ligulata (Suhr) O.C.Schmidt 1938, syn. Haliseris ligulata Suhr 1834,[6] (Black Rock (Umpangazi?), Natal to Koppie Allen, De Hoop Nature Reserve. Rare on west coast, only collected from Brandfontein)[1][4]
Dictyopteris macrocarpa (Areschoug) O.C.Schmidt 1938, syn. Haliseris macrocarpa Areschoug 1847, Neurocarpus macrocarpus (Areschoug) Kuntze 1891,[7] (Port Alfred northwards to Mozambique)[4]
Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux 1809, syn. Ulva dichotoma Hudson 1762, Zonaria dichotoma (Hudson) C.Agardh 1817, Fucus dichotomus (Hudson) Bertolini 1819, Haliseris dichotoma (Hudson) Sprengel 1827, Dichophyllium dichotomum (Hudson) Kützing 1843,[9](Langebaan and False Bay to Natal. D. dichotoma var. intricata (C.Agardh) Greville 1830, common at Kalk Bay and Dalebrook, and occurring more or less throughout the range of the species)[1]
Multi-fanned zonaria Exallosorus harveyanus (Pappe ex Kützing) J.A.Phillips, 1997. Syn. Zonaria harveyana (Pappe ex Kützing) Areschoug 1851,[15] (Platbank, False Bay to KwaZulu-Natal as far north as Park Rynie. Endemic)[1][4]
Padina boryana Thivy in W.R. Taylor 1966,[17] (The Haven about 150km west of Port St. Johns eastward into Mozambique)[4]
Rugulopteryx suhrii (Kützing) De Clerck & Coppejans in De Clerck et al. 2006, syn. Dictyota marginata Areschoug 1851, Dictyota suhrii G.Murray 1888, Stoechospermum suhrii Kützing 1859,[18] (Algoa Bay eatwards into KwaZulu-Natal as far north as Isipingo)[4]
Brown brains Leathesia marina (Lyngbye) Decaisne 1842, syn. Chaetophora marina Lyngbye 1819, Leathesia difformis (Linnaeus) J.E. Areschoug 1847,[27] (All South African coasts: common on west coast, intermittent in eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal)[1]
Bachelotia antillarum (Grunow) Gerloff 1959, syn. Ectocarpus antillarum Grunow 1867, Pylaiella antillarum (Grunow) De Toni 1895,[41] (False Bay to KwaZulu-Natal)[1]
Chnoospora minima (Hering) Papenfuss 1956, syn. Fucus minimus Hering 1841,[42] (Dwesa (about 80 km west of Poert St. Johns) eastward into Mozambique)[4]
Oyster thief Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbès & Solier in Castagne 1851, syn. Ulva sinuosa Mertens ex Roth 1806, Encoelium sinuosum (Mertens ex Roth) C.Agardh 1820, Stilophora sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) C.Agardh 1827, Asperococcus sinuosus (Mertens ex Roth) Bory de Saint-Vincent 1832, Asperococcus sinuosus (C.Agardh) Zanardini 1841, Hydroclathrus sinuosus (Mertens ex Roth) Zanardini 1843,[43] (Throughout South Africa)[1][4]
Petalonia fascia (O.F.Müller) Kuntze 1898, syn. Fucus fascia O.F.Müller 1778, Laminaria fascia (O.F.Müller) C.Agardh 1817, Ulva fascia (O.F.Müller) Lyngbye 1819, Ilea fascia (O.F.Müller) Fries 1835, Phyllitis fascia (O.F.Müller) Kützing 1843, Saccharina fascia (O.F.Müller) Kuntze 1891,[47] (Yzerfontein to Soetwater)[1]
Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link 1833, Chorda lomentaria Lyngbye 1819, Scytosiphon filum var. lomentarius (Lyngbye) C.Agardh 1820, Fucus lomentarius (Lyngbye) Sommerfelt 1826, Scytosiphon simplicissimus (Clemente) Cremades 1990, Ulva simplicissima Clemente 1807,[48][49] (Simon's Town to Lüderitz)[1]
Sausage skins Scytosiphon simplicissimus (Clemente) Cremades in Cremades et Perez-Cirera 1990, syn. Ulva simplicissima Clemente 1807,[50] (Simon's Town in False Bay to Lüderitz in Namibia)[1]
Sargassum incisifolium (Turner) C.Agardh 1820, syn. Fucus incisifolius Turner 1811, Sargassum heterophyllum (Turner) C.Agardh, 1820,[60] (False Bay eastward into Mozambique. Restricted to Southern Africa and Madagascar)[1][4]
Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J.Agardh 1848, syn. Fucus turbinatus var. ornata Turner 1807, Sargassum turbinatum var. ornatum (Turner) C.Agardh 1821,[61] (Common from Sodwana Bay northwards but extending south as far as Durban)[4]
Split-fan kelp Laminaria pallida Greville in J. Agardh 1848, Hafgygia pallida (Greville) Areschchoug 1883, Saccharina pallida (Greville) Kuntze 1891,[62] (Danger Point to Cape Nolloth, as the schinzii form to at least Rocky Point in northern Namibia)[1]
Bladder kelp Macrocystis angustifolia Bory de Saint-Vincent 1826,[63] (Occasional in drift in False Bay. Attached from Cape Point to Paternoster)[1]
Sea bamboo Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss 1940b, syn. Fucus maximus Osbeck 1757,[64] (Papenkuilsfontein 10 km west of Cape Agulhas to north of Lüderitz, Namibia)[1]
Spined kelp Ecklonia radiata (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1848, Laminaria radiata C.Agardh 1817, Capea radiata (C.Agardh) Endlicher 1843,[65] (Forms with long stipes and rugose blades in False Bay, Spinose forms common at Die Dam, Otherwise species common from Koppie Allen to Southern Natal. Longer stiped smooth bladed form as far east as parts of Zululand)[1](Deep water populations extend to Sodwana Bay at depths up to 60m)[4]
Ralfsia Ralfsia verrucosa (Areschoug) J.Agardh 1848, syn. Cruoria verrucosa Areschoug 1843,[67] (Common on all west coast shores and probably throughout the Agulhas marine province)[1]
Dead man's fingers Splachnidium rugosum (Linnaeus) Greville 1830,[68] (Dominant in mid-shore throughout west coast, Lüderitz, Namibia to eastern Cape)[1]
^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadTronchin, E.M. and De Clerk, O in De Clerck, O., Bolton, J.J., Anderson, R. J. & Coppejans, E. 2005. Guide to the Seaweeds of KwazZulu-Natal. Scripta Botanica Belgica Volume 33. Joint publication of: National Botanical gardens of Belgium, VLIZ
Flanders Marine Institute and Flemish Community.
ISBN90-72619-64-1
List of seaweeds recorded from the oceans bordering South Africa
This is a list of brown
seaweeds recorded from the
oceans bordering South Africa.
This list comprises locally used
common names,
scientific names with
author citation and recorded
ranges. Ranges specified may not be the entire known range for the species, but should include the known range within the waters surrounding the
Republic of South Africa.
List ordering and
taxonomy complies where possible with the current usage in
Algaebase, and may differ from the cited source, as listed citations are primarily for range or existence of records for the region.
Sub-taxa within any given
taxon are arranged alphabetically as a general rule.
Details of each species may be available through the relevant internal links.
Synonyms may be listed where useful.
Seaweed, or macroalgae, refers to thousands of species of
macroscopic,
multicellular,
marinealgae. The term includes some types of Rhodophyta (red), Phaeophyta (brown) and Chlorophyta (green) macroalgae. Seaweed species such as
kelps provide essential nursery habitat for fisheries and other marine species and thus protect food sources; other species, such as
planktonic algae, play a vital role in
capturing carbon and producing at least 50% of Earth's oxygen.
Natural seaweed ecosystems are sometimes under threat from human activity. For example, mechanical
dredging of kelp destroys the resource and dependent fisheries. Other forces also threaten some seaweed ecosystems; for example, a
wasting disease in predators of
purple urchins has led to an urchin population surge which has destroyed large
kelp forest regions off the coast of California.
Acid weed Desmarestia firma (C.Agardh) Skottsberg in Nordenskjöld 1907, syn. Sporochnus herbaceus var. firma C.Agardh 1824,[2] (Möwe Bay, Namibia to Betty's Bay. Doubtful record for Cape Agulhas)[1]
Canistrocarpus cervicornis (Kützing) De Paula & De Clerck in De Clerck et al. 2006, syn. Dictyota cervicornis Kützing 1859,[3] (Mission Rocks northwards into Mozambique)[4]
Smooth-tongued dictyopteris Dictyopteris ligulata (Suhr) O.C.Schmidt 1938, syn. Haliseris ligulata Suhr 1834,[6] (Black Rock (Umpangazi?), Natal to Koppie Allen, De Hoop Nature Reserve. Rare on west coast, only collected from Brandfontein)[1][4]
Dictyopteris macrocarpa (Areschoug) O.C.Schmidt 1938, syn. Haliseris macrocarpa Areschoug 1847, Neurocarpus macrocarpus (Areschoug) Kuntze 1891,[7] (Port Alfred northwards to Mozambique)[4]
Dictyota dichotoma (Hudson) J.V.Lamouroux 1809, syn. Ulva dichotoma Hudson 1762, Zonaria dichotoma (Hudson) C.Agardh 1817, Fucus dichotomus (Hudson) Bertolini 1819, Haliseris dichotoma (Hudson) Sprengel 1827, Dichophyllium dichotomum (Hudson) Kützing 1843,[9](Langebaan and False Bay to Natal. D. dichotoma var. intricata (C.Agardh) Greville 1830, common at Kalk Bay and Dalebrook, and occurring more or less throughout the range of the species)[1]
Multi-fanned zonaria Exallosorus harveyanus (Pappe ex Kützing) J.A.Phillips, 1997. Syn. Zonaria harveyana (Pappe ex Kützing) Areschoug 1851,[15] (Platbank, False Bay to KwaZulu-Natal as far north as Park Rynie. Endemic)[1][4]
Padina boryana Thivy in W.R. Taylor 1966,[17] (The Haven about 150km west of Port St. Johns eastward into Mozambique)[4]
Rugulopteryx suhrii (Kützing) De Clerck & Coppejans in De Clerck et al. 2006, syn. Dictyota marginata Areschoug 1851, Dictyota suhrii G.Murray 1888, Stoechospermum suhrii Kützing 1859,[18] (Algoa Bay eatwards into KwaZulu-Natal as far north as Isipingo)[4]
Brown brains Leathesia marina (Lyngbye) Decaisne 1842, syn. Chaetophora marina Lyngbye 1819, Leathesia difformis (Linnaeus) J.E. Areschoug 1847,[27] (All South African coasts: common on west coast, intermittent in eastern Cape and KwaZulu-Natal)[1]
Bachelotia antillarum (Grunow) Gerloff 1959, syn. Ectocarpus antillarum Grunow 1867, Pylaiella antillarum (Grunow) De Toni 1895,[41] (False Bay to KwaZulu-Natal)[1]
Chnoospora minima (Hering) Papenfuss 1956, syn. Fucus minimus Hering 1841,[42] (Dwesa (about 80 km west of Poert St. Johns) eastward into Mozambique)[4]
Oyster thief Colpomenia sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) Derbès & Solier in Castagne 1851, syn. Ulva sinuosa Mertens ex Roth 1806, Encoelium sinuosum (Mertens ex Roth) C.Agardh 1820, Stilophora sinuosa (Mertens ex Roth) C.Agardh 1827, Asperococcus sinuosus (Mertens ex Roth) Bory de Saint-Vincent 1832, Asperococcus sinuosus (C.Agardh) Zanardini 1841, Hydroclathrus sinuosus (Mertens ex Roth) Zanardini 1843,[43] (Throughout South Africa)[1][4]
Petalonia fascia (O.F.Müller) Kuntze 1898, syn. Fucus fascia O.F.Müller 1778, Laminaria fascia (O.F.Müller) C.Agardh 1817, Ulva fascia (O.F.Müller) Lyngbye 1819, Ilea fascia (O.F.Müller) Fries 1835, Phyllitis fascia (O.F.Müller) Kützing 1843, Saccharina fascia (O.F.Müller) Kuntze 1891,[47] (Yzerfontein to Soetwater)[1]
Scytosiphon lomentaria (Lyngbye) Link 1833, Chorda lomentaria Lyngbye 1819, Scytosiphon filum var. lomentarius (Lyngbye) C.Agardh 1820, Fucus lomentarius (Lyngbye) Sommerfelt 1826, Scytosiphon simplicissimus (Clemente) Cremades 1990, Ulva simplicissima Clemente 1807,[48][49] (Simon's Town to Lüderitz)[1]
Sausage skins Scytosiphon simplicissimus (Clemente) Cremades in Cremades et Perez-Cirera 1990, syn. Ulva simplicissima Clemente 1807,[50] (Simon's Town in False Bay to Lüderitz in Namibia)[1]
Sargassum incisifolium (Turner) C.Agardh 1820, syn. Fucus incisifolius Turner 1811, Sargassum heterophyllum (Turner) C.Agardh, 1820,[60] (False Bay eastward into Mozambique. Restricted to Southern Africa and Madagascar)[1][4]
Turbinaria ornata (Turner) J.Agardh 1848, syn. Fucus turbinatus var. ornata Turner 1807, Sargassum turbinatum var. ornatum (Turner) C.Agardh 1821,[61] (Common from Sodwana Bay northwards but extending south as far as Durban)[4]
Split-fan kelp Laminaria pallida Greville in J. Agardh 1848, Hafgygia pallida (Greville) Areschchoug 1883, Saccharina pallida (Greville) Kuntze 1891,[62] (Danger Point to Cape Nolloth, as the schinzii form to at least Rocky Point in northern Namibia)[1]
Bladder kelp Macrocystis angustifolia Bory de Saint-Vincent 1826,[63] (Occasional in drift in False Bay. Attached from Cape Point to Paternoster)[1]
Sea bamboo Ecklonia maxima (Osbeck) Papenfuss 1940b, syn. Fucus maximus Osbeck 1757,[64] (Papenkuilsfontein 10 km west of Cape Agulhas to north of Lüderitz, Namibia)[1]
Spined kelp Ecklonia radiata (C.Agardh) J.Agardh 1848, Laminaria radiata C.Agardh 1817, Capea radiata (C.Agardh) Endlicher 1843,[65] (Forms with long stipes and rugose blades in False Bay, Spinose forms common at Die Dam, Otherwise species common from Koppie Allen to Southern Natal. Longer stiped smooth bladed form as far east as parts of Zululand)[1](Deep water populations extend to Sodwana Bay at depths up to 60m)[4]
Ralfsia Ralfsia verrucosa (Areschoug) J.Agardh 1848, syn. Cruoria verrucosa Areschoug 1843,[67] (Common on all west coast shores and probably throughout the Agulhas marine province)[1]
Dead man's fingers Splachnidium rugosum (Linnaeus) Greville 1830,[68] (Dominant in mid-shore throughout west coast, Lüderitz, Namibia to eastern Cape)[1]
^
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacadTronchin, E.M. and De Clerk, O in De Clerck, O., Bolton, J.J., Anderson, R. J. & Coppejans, E. 2005. Guide to the Seaweeds of KwazZulu-Natal. Scripta Botanica Belgica Volume 33. Joint publication of: National Botanical gardens of Belgium, VLIZ
Flanders Marine Institute and Flemish Community.
ISBN90-72619-64-1