The contents of the User:Davide King page were merged into Talk:Libertarianism#Davide King's proposal. For the contribution history and old versions of the merged article please see its history. |
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Happy New Year 2021 I hope your New Year holiday is enjoyable and the coming year is much better than the one we are leaving behind. Best wishes from Los Angeles. // Timothy :: talk |
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Awarded for your continuous improvements to Communism. Awarded by Cdjp1 on 25 August 2021 |
Awesome work on the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine! Larsobrien 06:58, 3 March 2022 (UTC)
FYI: https://InfoGalactic.com/info/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes_(mirrored_archive) ~ JasonCarswell (talk)
Wikileaks provides a good selection of writings between editors of Communism-related articles. [1] Most of the editors mentioned later changed their user names and are still editing. TFD ( talk) 21:06, 5 December 2021 (UTC)
Hmm, interestingly, who in a clear mind could assert that "Protocols..." were not manufactured? Just a random thought, totally irrelevant to this thread, never mind.-- Paul Siebert ( talk) 23:42, 14 December 2021 (UTC)
“It's always possible to wake someone from sleep, but no amount of noise will wake someone who is pretending to be asleep.”
You are fine with including that reference? ~ cygnis insignis 07:34, 9 January 2022 (UTC)
cygnis insignis, there is also this: Some, such as the
Chinese Communist Party, have attempted to suppress discussion and study of such killings.
[1]
References
As I wrote
here, the
news source is not about the topic and is referring only to Tiananmen ("China's Communist leaders have made any discussion of the brutal quelling of the student-led demonstrations -- in which hundreds, maybe thousands, were killed -- taboo, but dissidents say the public could yet hold them accountable."
) It is just more editorializing and SYNTH.
Davide King (
talk) 03:55, 10 January 2022 (UTC)
So synthesis is determined by notability now... By your logic if a scholar does not meet
WP:GNG then we can exclude their source as synthesis. Did I get that right? That's a novel approach, you should try it at
WP:RSN sometime, or maybe that's
WP:ORN, I'm confused. Anyway, you have just undermined pages and pages of your own arguments against Rummel due to what Karlsson says; on the basis that Karlsson isn't notable according to
WP:GNG so relying on Karlsson's criticisms of Rummel is synthesis, according to you. --
Nug (
talk) 21:58, 20 January 2022 (UTC)
"such an amalgamation (as we have currently) effectively uses the list from A as synthesis to support the arguments presented in B; it's an inherently non-neutral article."That is the SYNTH, and what TFD, Siebert, and I meant when saying it attempts to prove the thesis of the Black Book, and is not something that the non-notable Karlsoon 2008 paper debunks or is alone enough to overcome. I am more interested in your change of mind about this source anyway, and you can justify such a change. Was TFD right all long back then to explain its lack of citation and thsu notability to you?
"Karlsson isn't dismissing that mass killing occurred under communist regimes", me neither so what is the point? I think Karlsson may be a good source for comparative analysis of Stalin, Mao, and Pol Pot, including their mass killings; just because I do not support your version or vision of the article, it does not mean I do not support any at all), hence why I search for "Communist mass killings" or "Mass killings" "Communist regimes", while you are searching "Communist crimes" (as you did here), yet all three mostly shows articles about individual Communist countries. In fact, I get this at page 2:
"The narrative of the heroic anti-fascist struggle has been delegitimized along with the communist regimes, and the trauma of communist crimes is placed at the core of remembrance strategies. The resulting divided memory ... ."This is the proper context, and is how I understand the topic, while you and other users appear to understanding state "reappropriation" of memories, hence why I think TFD said there are users that are believers and is what I believe they are referring to. When this appears to be the case, there can be no productive discussion. Certainly, this one was better and I 'thanked' you for it, and I wish we could have the same about MKuCR.
Good morning from Coreca, I am writing to greet you and to know how you are. I'm fine enough for now. I am writing to ask you for help with the voice that has now become a draft, Dado Coletti, which you will surely know. If I understand correctly, he has some requirements that do not apply to here. Could you help me to reinforce, expand and improve the article? I don't know which way to turn. For the rest, I thank you and greet you. See you soon and thanks again.-- Luigi Salvatore Vadacchino ( talk) 02:52, 29 January 2022 (UTC)
I'm reading through the sources I posted and working (offline) on revisions to the Terminology section, and pretty much ignoring everything else. At this point, the scope is set by the RFC, and I don't really see the value in discussing anything other than soliciting sources (and objections to sources), as we've done. The RM is a distraction, not worth my time to pay attention to it. I doubt there is anything worthwhile to discuss until somebody makes an edit. I'm probably going to be editing the Terminology section today or tomorrow. Levivich 15:59, 31 January 2022 (UTC)
I hope Davide will forgive me for this unorthodox use of his talk page (feel free to delete it if it's not useful), but the most effective thing I can think of doing to answer about terminology is to just share with you all my collection of quotes from the sources about terminology. This is part of what I think should be summarized, in wikivoice as much as possible, in the article. I'm not finished collecting quotes, and haven't yet started attempting to summarize it. But I think if you just skim this, the relevancy becomes obvious.
Extended content
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CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY Jones 2017 p. 818 The concept of “crimes against humanity” predates that of genocide. It was first used in an international context in 1915. As the Ottoman genocide against Christian minorities raged (see Chapter 4), the Allies of the Triple Entente—Russia, France, and Great Britain— gathered to issue a statement of protest and concern. The proposed Russian wording condemned “crimes … against Christianity and civilization,” but the other Allies felt this could bring yet more persecution upon the ravaged Christian populations of Anatolia. Accordingly, an agreement was struck to change the text to denounce instead crimes “against humanity and civilization.” p. 818-819 For genocide scholars and students, the areas of conceptual crossover and divergence with the UN Genocide Convention are worth noting. Crimes against humanity are 818 characterized by two main requisites: they must be “widespread or systematic,” and they must be committed in the course of an attack “directed against any civilian population” (Rome Statute). Neither of these requirements is found in the Genocide Convention, though in practical application and prosecution, genocide has generally been viewed as targeting civilians (or at least non-combatants). The “widespread” scale and “systematic” character of atrocities likewise supply important evidence that a campaign of genocide is underway. Importantly, the “murder” and “extermination” provisions of crimes against humanity legislation do not require that the civilian victims be members of a particular national, ethnic, racial, or religious collectivity, as the Genocide Convention does. Moreover, the Rome Statute’s prohibition against “persecution” of “identifiable group[s]” references a wider range of collectivities than does the Convention, including “political,” “cultural,” and “gender” groups. Semelin 343 However, the term ‘politicide’ has little currency among some researchers because it has no legal validity in international law. That is one reason why Jean-Louis Margolin tends to recognise what happened in Cambodia as ‘genocide’because,as he points out,to speak of ‘politicide’ amounts to considering Pol Pot’s crimes as less grave than those of Hitler.87 Again, the weight of justice interferes in the debate about concepts that, once again, argue strongly in favour of using the word genocide.But those so concerned about the issue of legal sanctions should also take into account another legal concept that is just as powerful, and better established: that of the crime against humanity.In fact,legal scholars such as Antoine Garapon and David Boyle believe that the violence perpetrated by the Khmer Rouge is much more appropriately categorised under the heading of crime against humanity,even if genocidal tendencies can be identified, particularly against the Muslim minority.88 This accusation is just as serious as that of genocide (the latter moreover being sometimes considered as a subcategory of the former) and should thus be subject to equally severe sentences. I quite agree with these legal scholars, believing that the notion of ‘crime against humanity’ is generally better suited to the violence perpetrated by communist regimes, a viewpoint also shared by Michael Mann.89 Stone 256 (Schabas) This formulation was similar to the war crimes clauses in the Treaty of Versailles. But the Treaty of Sèvres contained a major innovation, contemplating prosecution of what we now define as ‘crimes against humanity’38 as well as of war crimes. (257) However, the first successful international prosecution for genocide, that of the Nazi leaders at Nuremberg, did not, in fact, use the term. International lawyers opted for the somewhat more familiar concept of ‘crimes against humanity’ rather than the much newer one of genocide. (264) The International Criminal Court can prosecute three categories of ‘core crime’, genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, with the future prospect of aggression being included. Karlsson 2008 p. 5 The term ‘crimes against humanity’, used in the formulation of the title of this review, has been in use for a hundred years and is used in international legal and political discourse to describe the Young Turk government’s brutal treatment of its Armenian subjects during the First World War in the declining Ottoman Empire. It was codified for the first time thirty years later, in the statute that formed the legal ground for the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg following the Second World War, and was then broadly defined as ‘murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, and other inhumane acts committed against civilian populations, before or during the war; or persecutions on political, racial or religious grounds…’. This definition is very similar to the one in the 1998 Rome Statute, the treaty that has regulated the International Criminal Court (ICC) since 20021 . This broad definition has the advantage in this context that it covers all the widely varying types of inhumane actions carried out by communist regimes against their own people, and the various underlying mechanisms and motives. It is particularly ‘practical’ that political motives are mentioned explicitly, since this can be applied to the communist regimes’ persecution of opposition groups. As we know, the idea that victim categories can be defined politically is not compatible with the UN Genocide Convention, since the communist Soviet Union and its satellite states in Eastern Europe opposed this development in the political process that led to the adoption of the convention2 GENOCIDE Jones 2017 Until the Second World War, genocide was a “crime without a name,” in the words of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. 42 The man who named the crime, placed it in a globalhistorical context, and demanded intervention and remedial action was a Polish-Jewish jurist, a refugee from Nazi-occupied Europe, named Raphael Lemkin (1900–1959). His story is one of the most remarkable of the twentieth century. Lemkin is an exceptional example of a “norm entrepreneur” (see Chapter 12). In the space of four years, he coined a term—genocide—that concisely defined an age-old phenomenon. He supported it with a wealth of documentation. He published a lengthy book (Axis Rule in Occupied Europe) that applied the concept to campaigns of genocide underway in Lemkin’s native Poland and elsewhere in the Nazi-occupied territories. He then waged a successful campaign to persuade the new United Nations to draft a convention against genocide; another successful campaign to obtain the required number of signatures; and yet another to secure the necessary national ratifications. Yet Lemkin lived in penury—in surely his wittiest recorded comment, he described himself as “pleading a holy cause at the UN while wearing holey clothes” 43—and he died in obscurity in 1959; his funeral drew just seven people. Only in recent years has the promise of his concept, and the UN convention that incorporated it, begun to be realized Semelin p. 308 Even while Auschwitz was still operating and Germany was far from having lost the war, on the other side of the Atlantic an American legal scholar of Polish stock,Raphael Lemkin,then professor at Yale University, invented the word ‘genocide’. While he had very little reliable information about what was going on at the core of Nazi Europe, Lemkin had an intuition that something totally unheard-of was happening,which in his eyes justified the coining of a new term. He therefore devoted an entire chapter to it in a book published in 1944.1 Scarcely four years later,the United Nations adopted the new notion in the context of the International Convention on the Prevention and Repression of the Crime of Genocide, passed in Paris on 9 December 1948, just before this same assembly approved the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. What an achievement for an academic to see a word he had coined himself recognised so quickly on an international scale! The international Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals set up by the victors of the Second World War had nevertheless resorted to a new notion in November 1945 and January 1946—the ‘crime against humanity’—in prosecuting the Germans and Japanese responsible for such acts. But realisation at the end of the war of the true nature of the crimes the Nazis committed against European Jewry probably explains why the notion of ‘genocide’ was so readily adopted within the newly-emerging ‘international community’. And so the word genocide gradually came into use in ordinary language to denote absolute evil,the crime of all crimes perpetrated against innocent populations Stone 9 (Chapter 1) Genocide is one of those rare concepts whose author and inception can be precisely specified and dated. The term was created by the brilliant PolishJewish jurist Raphael Lemkin (1900–59), in his book Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress, published in the USA in 1944. Lemkin was also the prime mover in the discussions that led to the 1948 United Nations (UN) Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. The concept was immediately recognized worldwide to be of contemporary significance and future importance, for it calls attention to humanity at its limits. It is a major concept in international law, for its framework of group experience and rights challenges both a stress on the individual as the subject of law and the exclusive jurisdiction of modern nation states Stone 44 (Anton Weiss-Wendt) Scott Straus has counted 21 different definitions of genocide. Genocide has been a legal, political, moral, and empirical concept that means different things to different people.10 There are several scholars, including Helen Fein, Leo Kuper, Herbert Hirsch, and Kurt Jonassohn, who question the very rationale for the debate on definition. Midlarsky 18 The term genocide was coined by Raphael Lemkin 1944, 79. This definition provided the basis for the somewhat later one devised by the United Nations. Midlarsky 22 As stated in the introduction, genocide is understood to be the statesponsored systematic mass murder of innocent and helpless men, women, and children denoted by a particular ethnoreligious identity, with the purpose of eradicating that group from a given territory. ... I distinguish between genocide as the systematic mass murder of people based on ethnoreligious identity, and politicide as the large-scale killing of designated enemies of the state based on socioeconomic or political criteria POLITICIDE Jones 2017 Politicide. Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr’s term for mass killing according to “hierarchical position or political opposition to the regime and dominant groups,” as this identification is imputed by the state (see Box 1.4). Examples: Harff and Gurr consider “revolutionary oneparty states” to be the most common perpetrators of genocide. The term may also be applied to the mass killings of alleged “communists” and “subversives” in, e.g., Latin America during the 1970s and 1980s. Source: Barbara Harff, “No Lessons Learned from the Holocaust? Assessing Risks of Genocide and Political Mass Murder since 1955,” American Political Science Review, 97: 1 (2003). (A blog, “The Liberal Ironist,” offers an interesting alternative definition of politicide: “the mass killing by the state of the members of a voluntary association such as a political party, professional group or class of propertyholders.”) 98 Semelin p. 309 Other terms appeared subsequently such as ‘politicide’, coined by Ted Gurr and Barbara Harff in 1988. Semelin 319 Other researchers have attempted to break free from the UN Convention to explore new avenues. Since the Convention left out political mass murders, they have simply suggested naming them as such.The word ‘genocide’being a neologism,they have felt justified in coining other terms to refer to different phenomena. Thus Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr forged the notion of ‘politicide’ to designate mass murders of a political nature. In truth their approach remains modelled on that of the UN, their notion of ‘politicide’ being in all appearance a lexical solution to compensate for the lack of a political criterion. Thus they consider that genocide refers to the case of mass murders that target groups of a ‘communitarian’ nature defined by ethnic or religious criteria,whereas politicide targets groups whose victims are considered according to their opposition to the dominant power. These authors thus see an analytical advantage in differentiating the two notions which they believe elsewhere to be complementary, whence their tendency to speak of ‘geno-politicide’.28 Kranjc 585 A far more neutral term, despite Naimark’s dismissal, is politicide, which was coined by political scientists Barbara Harff and Ted Robert Gurr to describe cases where “the victim groups are defined primarily in terms of their hierarchical position or political opposition to the regime and dominant groups,” thus filling the definitional hole left by the 1948 genocide convention.93 Since politicide still has “as yet no generally accepted definition” or international legal standing, it remains a seldom used term outside of scholarly circles.94 One historian who has employed this term to describe the postwar killings in Yugoslavia is Paul Mojzes, who stressed that “the killing was intended, but it was not on the basis of race, ethnicity, culture, or religion; it was based on ideology and political conviction. The victims were regarded as traitors and betrayers of their country.” 95 Stone 47 (Aton Weiss-Wendt) Of twenty or so different terms that incorporate the Latin derivative cide only one has been warranted. I am referring to the concept of politicide introduced in the late 1980s by Barbara Harff. Herself a political scientist, Harff sought to fill the void left by the UN Genocide Convention, which fails to mention political groups. She has emphasized that in contrast to genocide, in politicide the victimized groups are defined primarily in terms of their political opposition to the regime.29 Despite the narrow definition of politicide, some scholars have compromised this term by using it indiscriminately to cover borderline cases that fall outside the scope of the UN Genocide Convention. Midlarsky 22 I distinguish between genocide as the systematic mass murder of people based on ethnoreligious identity, and politicide as the large-scale killing of designated enemies of the state based on socioeconomic or political criteria. Although genocide can be understood to be a species of politicide (but not the converse), in practice, genocidal (i.e., ethnoreligious) killings tap into much deeper historical roots of the human condition. In this distinction, I follow Harff and Gurr 1988, 360. Midlarsky 24 In contrast to genocides, politicides – the mass murder of designated socioeconomic or political enemies of the state – not only typically leave the majority of the population intact after purging the economic or political ‘‘offenders,’’ but do not necessarily destroy the cultural infrastructure of the victim. Even if attacked and partially destroyed, enough of the infrastructure survives to build anew as in the former communist countries that experienced this form of state-sponsored mass murder. Harff 2017 p. 112-113 Moreover, the working definitions of empiricists almost invariably include politicide, the killing of people because of their political and social affiliations. Indeed, Lemkin included destruction of a people’s political and social institutions, but the politics of the UN General Assembly precluded inclusion of this type of mass killing, now generally called politicide. DEMOCIDE Jones 2017 Democide. Term invented by R.J. Rummel to encompass “the murder of any person or people by a government, including genocide, politicide, and mass murder.” Examples: Rummel particularly emphasizes the “megamurders” of twentieth-century totalitarian regimes. Source: R.J. Rummel, Death by Government (Transaction Publishers, 1997). Semelin 319-320 Rudolph Rummel casts aside the notion of ‘genocide’ in favour of a term of his own invention:‘democide’.He defines democide as being any mass murder perpetrated by a government leaving at least one million dead, whether it is genocide, politicide or any other mass murder.29 However,an attentive reading reveals that he suggests this term more for moral than scholarly reasons, primarily to cover all the victims of state-perpetrated violence. In this he is closer to THE POLITICAL USES OF MASSACRE AND GENOCIDE 319 Charny’s approach, except that unlike the latter he refuses to define genocide in broad terms. Furthermore, his definition poses a problem in that,although it strives to cover all cases of massacre, it does not take into account those perpetrated by non-state actors Kranjc 585 Another equally plausible alternative to politicide would be the much broader term of “democide.” Introduced by sociologist Theodore Abel in 1951, the definition of democide reads in a manner that Lemkin probably initially intended for the definition of genocide: “extermination procedures against a population selected on the basis of any kind of social attribute, racial, religious, educational, political, cultural, and so forth, including even distinctions on the basis of age.” 96 The fact that politicide and democide are employed primarily by a narrow cohort of scholars may remove some of the “stigma” that is associated with the awesome (and legally imprecise) accusation of genocide. (Theodore Abel, “The Sociology of Concentration Camps,” Social Forces 30, no. 2 (1951): 151) Stone 46 (Anton Weiss-Wendt) Dissatisfied with the legal definition of genocide, Rudolf Rummel coined another term, democide. According to Rummel, democide denotes not only premeditated killing but also unintentional death by government, for example, excessive mortality among prisoners in camps and during deportations. To justify the need for the new term, Rummel refers to the staggering number of civilians killed in violent conflicts other than wars. Indeed, it was Rummel who in 1985 pioneered the statistical study of mass killing. The figures that Rummel cites in his studies, however, come entirely from secondary sources, many of them dated. As Tomislav Dulic´ has recently demonstrated, Rummel’s method of estimation is fundamentally flawed.23 Altogether, figures and graphs, or ‘the statistics of democide’ as Rummel calls it, have little practical value, telling us nothing about the phenomenon of genocide. Although Rummel points out that democide is different from genocide, he insists that the later is a constituent of the former. By arguing that genocide simultaneously is and is not democide, Rummel in effect sows even more confusion. The use of the terms like ‘kilomurders’, ‘hell-state’, and ‘mortacracy’24 further undermines the argumentative prowess of Rummel’s scholarship. Midlarsky 18 Rudolph Rummel 1998, 1–13, has coined the term democide to refer to the killing of large numbers of people by the state. Harff 2017 p. 112 Rudy devoted five books to the systematic analysis of democide, four of them published within a span of five years. Lethal Politics (1990) documented Soviet mass killings after 1917, China’s Bloody Century (1991) was the second, and the third covered Nazi Genocide and Mass Murder (1992). The capstone was Death by Government (1994), which summarized the empirical and theoretical basis of his concept of democide, with documentation of many other cases. The fifth book, Statistics of Democide (1998) showed just how thoroughly and carefully he compiled and analyzed the data he used. Definitions are crucial to a new and broad concept like democide. Rummel (1994: 42) summarizes a chapter-long discussion with this: ‘A death constitutes democide if it is the intentional killing of an unarmed or disarmed person by government agents acting in their authoritative capacity and pursuant to government policy or high command’. He adds that it encompasses reckless and wanton disregard for the lives of forced labor and concentration camp victims; ‘unofficial’ killings by private groups; extrajudicial summary killings; and mass deaths that occurred because governments ignored or perpetrated their causes, as in deliberate famines. Elsewhere (p. 37) he adds that it includes killings by de facto governments, i.e. rebels or warlords.
Rummel points out that democide comprises genocides, but not all genocidal phenomena as detailed by Raphael Lemkin and codified in the UN’s 1948 Genocide Convention.2 The Convention includes policies whose intent is to cause mental harm, to inflict conditions of life aimed to bring about the group’s physical destruction in whole or part, and measures intended to prevent birth. Specifically, the crime of genocide is the intent to eliminate ‘in whole or part’ a national, racial, ethnic, or religious group. Insofar as this entails direct killing of group members, it is included in democide. (113) In short, conceptually democide includes all the mass killings associated with genocide and politicide, but also many others that are not aimed at the intentional destruction of a particular group. And normatively their objectives also are somewhat different. The study of democide leads to condemnation of entire categories of governments because they are at risk of killing large numbers of citizens; comparative study of genocide aims to help identify specific governments for specific crimes against humanity. Saucier 81 Genocide has been defined as “the sustained, purposeful action by a perpetrator [usually the state] to physically destroy a collectivity directly (through mass or selective murders and calculable physical destruction) or through interdiction of the biological and social reproduction of group members.”7 The concept of genocide is ambiguous in scope. Sometimes it is taken to include murderous suppression of political opposition and sometimes not (as in the 1948 United Nations Convention, based on Lemke’s well-known compromise to resolve an impasse in the convention). Some have remedied this gap by conducting studies of genocide plus politicide.8 Here, we adopt Rummel’s broader term (democide), to be clear that political suppression is not artificially excluded. By this definition, democide is “the murder of any person or people by a government, including genocide, politicide, or mass murder.”9 In our view, Rummel’s definition is too extensive in taking the murder by government of a single individual (e.g., an assassination) to be democide; it would be better to restrict the term to systematic killing of large numbers of noncombatant (civilian) individuals. This definition does not require the stated purpose of eliminating an entire group. Our slightly adjusted definition of democide ends up similar in scope to Valentino’s preferred terminology referencing “mass killing;”10 a difference is that Valentino used 50,000 deaths as a minimum threshold, whereas to take better account of democide against smallscale societies (with, in fact, often fewer than 50,000 lives to lose) we employed a lower threshold. Stenfelt 2015 (Karlsson 2015 ch. 3) p. 71 “Body count” is a term usually associated with the political scientist Rudolf J. Rummel, as well as the term democide used by him as a definition of “the murder of any person or people by a government.” CLASSICIDE Jones 2017 Classicide. Term coined by Michael Mann to refer to “the intended mass killing of entire social classes.” Examples: The destruction of the “kulaks” in Stalin’s USSR (Chapter 5); Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge (Chapter 7). Source: Michael Mann, The Dark Side of Democracy (Cambridge University Press, 2004). Semelin p. 37 Mann however refuses to use the term ‘genocide’ to describe the crimes committed under communism.He prefers the terms ‘fratricide’and ‘classicide’, a word he coined to refer to intentional mass killings of entire social classes. MASS KILLING Jones 2017 p. 56 The critical question, for Lemkin, was whether the multipronged campaign proceeded under the rubric of policy. To the extent that it did, it could be considered genocidal, even if it did not result in the physical destruction of all (or any) members of the group. 55 The issue of whether mass killing is definitional to genocide has been debated ever since, by myriad scholars and commentators, and will be considered further below. Equally vexing for subsequent generations was the emphasis on ethnic and national groups. These predominated as victims in the decades in which Lemkin developed his framework (and in the historical examples he studied). Yet by the end of the 1940s, it was clear that political groups were often targeted for annihilation. 56 Moreover, the appellations applied to “communists,” or by communists to “kulaks” or “class enemies”—when imposed by a totalitarian state—seemed every bit as difficult to shake as ethnic identifications, if the Nazi and Stalinist onslaughts were anything to go by. This does not even take into account the important but ambiguous areas of crossover among ethnic, political, and social categories (see “Multiple and Overlapping Identities,” below). NAMES IN GENERAL Semelin p. 320 Other new notions have appeared that have no more legal substance than the others. We could mention ‘Judeocide’30 (to refer to any massacre of Jews), ‘ecocide’ to describe the destruction of an ecosystem,31 ‘feminicide’ referring to the specific destruction of women,32 ‘libricide’ for the destruction of libraries,33 ‘urbicide’ for that of cities and ‘elitocide’ for that of elites, and ‘linguicide’ and ‘culturicide’34,not to forget ‘fratricide’,‘classicide’and ‘ethnocide’.35 This proliferation of terms, most of which have appeared since the Second World War, attests to a new tendency in the social sciences that strives to explore phenomena of destruction as such. At first it was as if researchers’ attempts had focused on how to name them in order to be able to think about them.There are in fact no research traditions in this area from which to draw.Such terminological abundance can thus be interpreted as an indicator of the wealth of a field of studies under construction.But such diversity also attests to another fact:the huge difficulty of grasping the object studied, of delimiting it, of framing it properly through definitions. The result is reflected in the countless misunderstandings and disagreements between researchers themselves who are nevertheless often studying the same historical cases. ‘Classicide’, in counterpoint to genocide, has a certain appeal, but it doesn’t convey the fact that communist regimes, beyond their intention of destroying ‘classes’—a difficult notion to grasp in itself (what exactly is a ‘kulak’?)—end up making political suspicion a rule of government: every individual can potentially be accused of ideological deviance, even within the Party (and perhaps even mainly within the Party).The notion of ‘fratricide’is probably more appropriate in this regard. That of ‘politicide’, which Ted Gurr and Barbara Harff suggest, remains the most intelligent, although it implies by contrast that ‘genocide’ is not ‘political’, which is debatable.These authors in effect explain that the aim of politicide is to impose total political domination over a group or a government.Its victims are defined by their position in the social hierarchy or their political opposition to the regime or this dominant group.85 Such an approach applies well to the political violence of communist powers and more particularly to Pol Pot’s Democratic Kampuchea. The French historian Henri Locard in fact emphasises this, identifying with Gurr and Harff’s approach in his work on Cambodia.86 However, the term ‘politicide’ has little currency among some researchers because it has no legal validity in international law. That is one reason why Jean-Louis Margolin tends to recognise what happened in Cambodia as ‘genocide’because,as he points out,to speak of ‘politicide’ amounts to considering Pol Pot’s crimes as less grave than those of Hitler.87 Again, the weight of justice interferes in the debate about concepts that, once again, argue strongly in favour of using the word genocide Kranjc 578 ...war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide – will be analysed in order to establish how accurate they are in capturing the historical essence of what occurred in 1945. The last three terms, which constitute the “big three crimes” in international law, will be additionally analysed to see if their legal requirements are met by the postwar killings. |
Basically, yes, we need to explain to the reader the difference between crimes against humanity and genocide, why some scholars don't like the term "genocide" and have used different terms (specifically: politicide, democide, classicide), and why various scholars think each of these terms are better than the others to describe mass killings by Communist Party regimes. Levivich 00:53, 1 February 2022 (UTC)
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Hello. I just want to ask what CE means in your edits? Nintendoswitchfan ( talk) 04:33, 15 March 2022 (UTC)
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Hi mate. You are such a thorough user. Will you be helping me in Formula One Grand Prix articles for this season and for those to come as it has been the case so far? Island92 ( talk) 16:13, 9 April 2022 (UTC)
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An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Russia invaded Ukraine and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 April 25#Russia invaded Ukraine until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. -- Tamzin cetacean needed (she/they) 21:14, 26 April 2022 (UTC)
Back in December you made the following edit:
that includes this typo (notice the period):
"Karlsson describes Rummel's 61,911,000.121 estimate for the Soviet Union as being"
That typo is still in the current version. Not sure if 121 was was supposed to be a reference like [121] or what. — Megiddo1013 01:53, 7 May 2022 (UTC)
Can you explain why did you created a redirect page mixed-market economy? See logs for it here [2] , I will look forward for your reply and would continue the discussion. Thanks Sneha04 💬 07:38, 26 May 2022 (UTC)
The Copyeditor's Barnstar | |
Thank you so much for your tireless work in copyediting the article for the Robb Elementary School shooting! At least, I assume that's what you must be doing. Unless "CE" stands for something else and I'm just not hip on the Wikipedia lingo. (Also, thanks for the thanks for my edits. I know no one but me can see them, but I appreciate it.) benǝʇᴉɯ 15:31, 28 May 2022 (UTC) |
If you are still interested in the article, I just found this. Doug Weller talk 10:08, 29 May 2022 (UTC)
Hi Davide
Please leave {{
Bare URL inline}} inside the <ref> .. </ref>
tags. Moving it to after the close ref (as you did here
[3]) means that bots and tools don't recognise it, so it won't get removed even if the ref is filled.
BrownHairedGirl
(talk) • (
contribs) 16:14, 30 May 2022 (UTC)
You currently appear to be engaged in an edit war according to the reverts you have made on Robb Elementary School shooting. This means that you are repeatedly changing content back to how you think it should be although other editors disagree. Users are expected to collaborate with others, to avoid editing disruptively, and to try to reach a consensus, rather than repeatedly undoing other users' edits once it is known that there is a disagreement.
In this case, a consensus has already been reached at Talk:Robb Elementary School shooting#Inclusion of conspiracy theories.
Points to note:
If you find yourself in an editing dispute, use the article's talk page to discuss controversial changes and work towards a version that represents consensus among editors. You can post a request for help at an appropriate noticeboard or seek dispute resolution. In some cases, it may be appropriate to request temporary page protection. If you engage in an edit war, you may be blocked from editing. 48Pills ( talk) 19:28, 30 May 2022 (UTC)
Hi Davide King, I've recently been looking for editors to invite to join the new page reviewing team, and after reviewing your editing history, I think you would be a good candidate. Reviewing/patrolling a page doesn't take much time but it requires a good understanding of Wikipedia policies and guidelines; the new page reviewing team needs help from experienced users like yourself. Would you please consider becoming a New Page Reviewer? Kindly read the tutorial before making your decision (if it looks daunting, don't worry, most pages are easy to review, and habits are quick to develop). If this looks like something that you can do, please consider joining us. If you choose to apply, you can drop an application over at WP:PERM/NPR. If you have questions, please feel free to drop a message on my talk page or at the reviewer's discussion board. Cheers, and hope to see you around, ( t · c) buidhe 22:18, 2 June 2022 (UTC) |
That huge table was added by him, and probably contains intentional errors. He is a newbie at en:, but was editwarring at fr: as well, and has been blocked this morning there as a sock puppet. [4] (delete after reading) KittenKlub ( talk) 11:33, 22 June 2022 (UTC)
Please be careful not to overlink, as you did here. I had removed the overlinking but you added it back in that edit, so I had to remove the overlinking, again. With linking, you link once in the lead, and then once after the lead (tables and boxes are excluded). All of those things you linked are already linked in the History section. -- JDC808 ♫ 11:10, 27 June 2022 (UTC)
I formatted the paragraph construction of your dissent text re: the Jackson opinion to match that of the preceding majority opinion and consolidated a note that was fragmented. Also, you deleted material relevant to "the law of the case" in the "See Also" section; that was restored. Your link to the 2022 abortion protests was offset (as it is not part of the "law of the case" but remains in the section. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Avica1998 ( talk • contribs) 22:50, 28 June 2022 (UTC)
I'll send you a list of anticipated changes later in the week. See direction from User:X-Editor for guidance. I'll cc him. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Avica1998 ( talk • contribs) 23:04, 28 June 2022 (UTC)
The part you just added about Alito sitting on Casey may be better in the bg where Barrett's stance on abortion is spelled out. It would take some wordsmithing to incorporate (i am on a phone keyboard so can't easily do it) -- Masem ( t) 13:34, 30 June 2022 (UTC)
First off, much praise to your edits to various crime articles. I was wondering if you could rewrite this sentence on the interrogation section on the Lee Harvey Oswald article that was discussed on the talk page. The article says that Oswald told Holmes he was “working on an upper floor when the shooting occurred, then went downstairs”. Looking though Harry Holmes testimony, especially on page 306, it is clear what Holmes meant where Oswald said he encountered the officer: ...as I started to go out and see what it was all about, a police officer stopped me just before I got to the front door, and started to ask me some questions... Mr. BELIN. By the way, where did this policeman stop him when he was coming down the stairs at the Book Depository on the day of the shooting? Mr. HOLMES. He said it was in the vestibule. Mr. BELIN. He said he was in the vestibule? Mr. HOLMES. Or approaching the door to the vestibule. He was just coming, apparently, and I have never been in there myself. Apparently there is two sets of doors, and he had come out to this front part. Mr. BELIN. Did he state it was on what floor? Mr. HOLMES. First floor. The front entrance to the first floor. Mr. BELIN. Did he say anything about a Coca Cola or anything like that, if you remember? Mr. HOLMES. Seems like he said he was drinking a Coca Cola, standing there by the Coca Cola machine drinking a Coca Cola.
Holmes clarifies that Oswald was talking about encountering the officer at the vestibule on the first floor by the front entrance. Holmes describes two set of doors which were in the building vestibule (which were a front lobby between two set of doors). Based on this, the paragraph regarding Holmes on the “Police interrogation” section could be rewritten to say “Holmes (who attended the interrogation at the invitation of Captain Will Fritz) said that Oswald said he was at the first floor vestibule by the front entrance and wanted to see what the “commotion” was when he encountered an officer.” 62.254.8.232 ( talk) 08:13, 9 July 2022 (UTC)
Hello. I made adjustments to those categories because he did not lead the NBA in those categories in 1959-60 or other years. Go to Basketball Reference to confirm my changes. He didnt even come close to leading in field goal percentage or free throw percentage in 1959-60. Thank you for your time. If I overlooked something, let me know please. Have a good day. Theairportman33531 ( talk) 15:13, 1 August 2022 (UTC)
Hi Davide -- I'm Francisco from WME. I'm reaching out in case you'd be interested in chatting with me for 30 or 45 minutes. I'm doing research around editing activities on different styles of Wiki articles. I've seen you around articles with vandalism and breaking news in them, so I'd like to ask about your methods. What do you think? If you're interested, please reach out to me at my contacts on my meta page linked above :) FranCapoArg ( talk) 21:22, 3 August 2022 (UTC)
Hello Davide. I've noticed some of your edits through my watchlist where you've added oxford commas (like example, example, and example) to articles that do not use them consistently already, I looked around and found WP:Oxford comma which says there's no preference if it's used or not, so it seems a bit unnecessary to change what style to use when it's subjective, similar to what variety of English is used on subjects unrelated to a certain variety or different era styles. I get it if it's your preference (I happen to generally not prefer them) but like I said, just doesn't seem necessary to me unless that's what's already mostly used on the article. Appreciate your otherwise very solid copy editing though. Is there a specific reason you add them? TylerBurden ( talk) 08:26, 17 August 2022 (UTC)
Hey, @ Davide King! I recently proposed the article Classicide, to which you largely contributed, for the Meta-Wiki project Translation of the week. Thus, it would be really helpful if you could vote here for the proposal to succeed so that other Wikipedias are encouraged to translate it into their language. Thank you in advance! -- Brunnaiz ( talk) 17:56, 31 August 2022 (UTC)
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On 19 September 2022, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article 2022 Swedish general election, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. Spencer T• C 04:27, 19 September 2022 (UTC)
The Original Barnstar | |
Davide King,
Thanks for your great contributions on the page for the 2022 Italian general election on this busy election night. I'm headed to bed, but I have the strangest feeling you aren't. Your ongoing quick and accurate edits are noticed and appreciated. Thank you again! LocalWonk ( talk) 22:46, 25 September 2022 (UTC) |
On 28 September 2022, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article 2022 Italian general election, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. PFHLai ( talk) 03:55, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
I somehow agree with the current lead, but, as someone interested in political scientist, i think it misses the peculiarites of Meloni's right-wing movement.
1)the fact that her party descends via three parties (PNF > MSI > AN >FdI) from Mussolini's fascist party.
2)the use of "patriot" to define herself and the militants of her party.
3)Her "eurorealism" or "soft euroscepticism". The concept of a "confederal Europe of sovereign nations" is the key proposal she has on the EU. It may be contradictory, but she repeates it over and over.
4)Her feminationalism or girlbossism. There are studies on these traits of Meloni, even in the English language.
5)Her opposition to neocolonialism, chiefly because she sees it as the cause of the European migrant crisis. This is a very peculiar trait of her in the right-wing criticism of immigration.
6)Her opposition to Covid restrictions (especially early on during the pandemic).
7)Her staunch criticism of China and communist regimes, she is in favor of leaving the Belt and Road initiative for example.
It's purely an academic interest of mine. These are the things i want to add with my edits. I think it's a reasonable, well-informed, non-POV upgrade.
Barjimoa ( talk) 11:19, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
The Original Barnstar | ||
Awarded for your efforts in improving the article Giorgia Meloni. Awarded by Cdjp1 (talk) 7 October 2022 (UTC) |
Cdjp1 ( talk) 20:23, 7 October 2022 (UTC)
You currently appear to be engaged in an edit war according to the reverts you have made on Giorgia Meloni. This means that you are repeatedly changing content back to how you think it should be although other editors disagree. Users are expected to collaborate with others, to avoid editing disruptively, and to try to reach a consensus, rather than repeatedly undoing other users' edits once it is known that there is a disagreement.
Points to note:
If you find yourself in an editing dispute, use the article's talk page to discuss controversial changes and work towards a version that represents consensus among editors. You can post a request for help at an appropriate noticeboard or seek dispute resolution. In some cases, it may be appropriate to request temporary page protection. If you engage in an edit war, you may be blocked from editing. ― Blaze Wolf TalkBlaze Wolf#6545 01:03, 8 October 2022 (UTC)
Hello. This message is being sent to inform you that there is currently a discussion involving you at Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring regarding a possible violation of Wikipedia's policy on edit warring. Thank you. Est. 2021 ( talk · contribs) 01:16, 8 October 2022 (UTC)
I think that trying to put yourself in other people's shoes is not just useful, but fundamental. You falsely accused me so many times, and I sincerely don't understand why, so after the edit war we had, I tried to understand you more, both as a person and as a wikipedian, giving a look at your userpage and edits, and I've been quite surprised. Reading your infobox amid the discussion, I immediately noticed we have some things in common: we're both Southern Italians, both born in '96, and we also share the irreligion, the same sexual orientation, similar political views and similar interests and - the most important - the same personality type. Being an INTP, I can understand what you feel like, what moves you, and I can assume good faith... but please, understand that you should not focus so much on your point of view. On Giorgia Meloni, you wrote "such like-minded right-wing politicians only complain about it and make a controversy when an asylum seeker or immigrant commits a crime or rape" and that totally looks like a prejudice against right-wing politicians. Being a leftist (socialist) myself, I can even understand your disapproval of her party, but accusing people based on just their political position is just not right. I hope you understand this. Thanks. Est. 2021 ( talk · contribs) 16:45, 11 October 2022 (UTC)
The Workers' Barnstar | ||
This user has shown great editing skills in improving articles related to Communism or Socialism. | ||
this WikiAward was given to Davide King by Cdjp1 ( talk) on 14 October 2022 (UTC) |
Cdjp1 ( talk) 14:00, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
Utente Davide, le fonti riguardo Giorgia Meloni già stanno dopo il mio contributo perchè io ho eliminato due fonti che risultano inaffidabili e dichiaranti il falso, invece nella versione che ti ostini a inserire si dichiara che Meloni dichiarò il falso riguardo il titolo di studio e questa è una schifosissima fandonia supportata da fonti inventate da giornalisti prezzolati da politicanti di fazioni avverse! Forza bruta ( talk) 06:15, 16 October 2022 (UTC)
On 31 October 2022, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article 2022 Brazilian general election, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. El_C 04:45, 31 October 2022 (UTC)
Hello. This message is being sent to inform you that there is currently a discussion involving you at Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring regarding a possible violation of Wikipedia's policy on edit warring. The thread is Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring#User:Davide_King reported by User:Triggerhippie4 (Result: ). Thank you. Triggerhippie4 ( talk) 01:46, 5 November 2022 (UTC)
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You have shown interest in the Arab–Israeli conflict. Due to past disruption in this topic area, a more stringent set of rules called discretionary sanctions is in effect. Any administrator may impose sanctions on editors who do not strictly follow Wikipedia's policies, or the page-specific restrictions, when making edits related to the topic.
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Plip!
A friendly trout for
this edit, which, in removing the markup <section end=lead />
, caused four sub-articles to transclude the entirety of the main article for 10 months. MediaWiki should probably throw an error in that sort of case, but apparently it doesn't, and apparently no one noticed till me! So, enjoy the free fish. :)
--
Tamzin
cetacean needed (she|they|xe) 11:36, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
I've thought that you might be interested in this discussion that we are having right now on Danish People's Party talk page. It's about which ideologies should be included in its infobox. Cheers, Vacant0 ( talk) 12:08, 26 November 2022 (UTC)
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Hello, I was wondering why you keep on removing the link to the 1934 elections that I added in the lede. You seem really insistent about it but I don’t know of any policy that suggests it shouldn’t be in there. Best, Cpotisch ( talk) 23:27, 6 December 2022 (UTC)
2022 is the first midterm since [[1934 United States elections|1934]] in which the president's party did not lose control of a single state legislative chamber. This also marked the first midterm since 1934 in which Democrats made a net gain of governorships under a Democratic president, and the first since [[1986 United States gubernatorial elections|1986]] in which either party gained governorships while holding the presidency.
2022 is the first midterm since the [[1934 U.S. elections]] in which the president's party did not lose control of a single state legislative chamber. This also marked the first midterm since 1934 in which Democrats made a net gain of governorships under a Democratic president, and the first since the [[1986 U.S. elections]] in which either party gained governorships while holding the presidency.
... since the [[1986 U.S. gubernatorial elections]] in which either party made gains while holding the presidency.
Davide King,
Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable
New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia.
Mann Mann (
talk) 04:02, 1 January 2023 (UTC)
Send New Year cheer by adding {{ subst:Happy New Year fireworks}} to user talk pages.
Davide King,
Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable
New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia. See
this for background context.
—
Moops ⋠
T⋡ 18:31, 3 January 2023 (UTC)
Send New Year cheer by adding {{ subst:Happy New Year fireworks}} to user talk pages.
— Moops ⋠ T⋡ 18:31, 3 January 2023 (UTC)
Davide King, you're a long term contributor whose contributions I respect, but could you please up your game on the use of edit summaries, to help your fellow editors? Your edit summary usage stats are impeccable, and list you as 100% usage, but that is misleading. Checking your last 100 contributions, 97% of them are 'ce', and it looks like it goes way back beyond just those. This is no better than no edit summary at all. Some examples of how this could be improved:
Please can you use descriptive summaries going forward? Thanks for everything you do for the project. Mathglot ( talk) 01:38, 19 January 2023 (UTC)
Hey, as I know that your edits are fine, but not all edits are part of criticism of TLOU HBO series. CastJared ( talk) 08:53, 21 January 2023 (UTC)
On 21 January 2023, Did you know was updated with a fact from the article 2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election, which you recently created, substantially expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ... that the January 2023 election of the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives was the longest speaker election since December 1859 – February 1860? The nomination discussion and review may be seen at Template:Did you know nominations/2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or articles got while on the front page ( here's how, 2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election), and the hook may be added to the statistics page after its run on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from another recently created article, then please feel free to suggest it on the Did you know talk page.
-- RoySmith (talk) 12:02, 21 January 2023 (UTC)
Hi, is my edit correct? /info/en/?search=Special:MobileDiff/1134988471 5.91.25.107 ( talk) 14:41, 22 January 2023 (UTC)
I recently re-read the article Keynesian beauty contest and the ordering of the "See also" section surprised me so much that I had to check if someone intentionally made it worse recently and that was in fact the case with this edit, which I reverted
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Keynesian_beauty_contest&diff=prev&oldid=1105067249&diffmode=source
If you read the article, it should be obvious why "Tactical voting" which is basically the same concept is more relevant than any other things in the list.
What is the point of alphabetically sorting "See also"? This is not a dictionary. People aren't searching the See also section to check if some specific article they already know the name of is listed, they're reading it to find out which other concepts are related to the article, so the most relevant article should be the first thing they read. Also since people won't always read the entire list it makes more sense to have the first few things they might read be the most relevant.
I can understand doing this for articles that have tons of items in "See also" and where there's not an obvious sorting of relevance/importance, but in this case sorting it alphabetically just removes useful information for no gain. Akeosnhaoe ( talk) 04:42, 7 February 2023 (UTC)
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited 2023 Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page 2016–17 Central Italy earthquakes.
( Opt-out instructions.) -- DPL bot ( talk) 05:59, 28 February 2023 (UTC)
Hello, Davide King. Thank you for your work on Gianluigi Gabetti. User:Onel5969, while examining this page as a part of our page curation process, had the following comments:
Very nice job on the article, keep up the good work.
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Onel5969 TT me 11:37, 5 March 2023 (UTC)
Greetings.
MOS:ELLIPSIS allows square brackets around an ellipsis to make clear that it isn't original to the material being quoted
. My thoughts are that it's much clearer to use brackets, which is why I reverted
your recent edit. Thanks. —
Sangdeboeuf (
talk) 19:03, 8 March 2023 (UTC)
Hello @ Davide King, yesterday I wrote on John Elkann talk page about the Sports section and the last paragraph in the Early life section. As you wrote that content, I'd like to have your perspective. Can you please have a look? Thank you! :) Alucespenta84 ( talk) 10:38, 10 March 2023 (UTC)
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited I know that I know nothing, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Socratic paradox.
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Great work on the communist state article! :) TheUzbek ( talk) 21:42, 11 July 2023 (UTC)
I would think a good structure would be:
Do you agree? Do you want to help? -- TheUzbek ( talk) 08:57, 12 July 2023 (UTC)
Someone is engaging in a edit war on this page. : Before https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna&oldid=1098047078 After https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna&oldid=1162608279 proof https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna&diff=prev&oldid=1162608279 — Preceding unsigned comment added by MMQ735 ( talk • contribs) 05:40, 14 July 2023 (UTC)
Hello Davide King!
Thank you for your consideration. We hope to see you around!
Sent by Zippybonzo using MediaWiki message delivery ( talk) at 10:30, 16 July 2023 (UTC)
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Deutsche Reichspartei, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page DRP.
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This may sound like an ask, but if you have time, do you think you could move the ideologies into their own section? ValenciaThunderbolt ( talk) 17:32, 21 July 2023 (UTC)
I mean, can you, for a moment, take the time to stop pressing the "edit" + "publish" buttons and read something of what I am telling you? You keep bashing your head against the wall of issues that were already solved both in GA reviews and in long discussions on formatting and manual of style through a wide number of articles, yet you keep enforcing (at many times incorrect) edits for no reason! (You mention policies that don't actually support your claims). Impru20 talk 22:55, 30 July 2023 (UTC)
The redirect Neo-communism has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Anyone, including you, is welcome to comment on this redirect at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2023 August 1 § Neo-communism until a consensus is reached. GnocchiFan ( talk) 16:55, 1 August 2023 (UTC)
Hello, I'm Qwerfjkl (bot). I have automatically detected that this edit performed by you, on the page Aldo Moro, may have introduced referencing errors. They are as follows:
Please check this page and fix the errors highlighted. If you think this is a false positive, you can report it to my operator. Thanks, Qwerfjkl (bot) ( talk) 16:27, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
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Please check this page and fix the errors highlighted. If you think this is a false positive, you can report it to my operator. Thanks, Qwerfjkl (bot) ( talk) 16:28, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
The article about Javier Milei is experiencing vandalism by political activists, and in particular by user Uniru288 as of 2023-08-15. Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Javier_Milei&action=history. As you (Davide King) are actively moderating it, and in a non-biased way, this should be discussed.
The article as a whole is quite misleading, and does not highlight his political views, but rather highlighting out of context misrepresentations. It is filled with political bias, and should remain neutral, free from slander, and provide a balanced point of view. You further claim that citations from media with a political bias are reliable secondary sources about a political figure they disagree with. Then you claim that primary sources must be used with care.
Lets make sure we understand each other.
According to Wikipedia guidelines, primary sources are encouraged for citations, especially when making direct quotations, which the article is full of. Secondary sources does not mean "good" or "reliable", it depends what type of source it is. Political opposition is not a reliable source for a political article. Media outlets are typically referencing other media articles, so the original article should be used, which is in most cases from Argentinian media. This can not be used as factual information, and represented as such. It is not a problem to include references from media, the problem is to claim these being factual, and without providing any trustworthy reference. /info/en/?search=Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_primary_sources
Please note that the article makes claims that in many cases are both incorrect and misleading. Lets list a short sample. E.g.,
"Milei is a follower of the ex-Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro and the ex-United States president Donald Trump.[59]"
This is false, Milei does not have any political or personal affiliation with either, and has explicitly stated a neutral point of view towards them. He is in general positive towards politicians that are anti-communist, but its misleading to expand this claim that he is a follower of Trump or Bolsonaro.
"Several of Milei's political positions have caused controversy,[21] such as ... the rejection of sexual education in schools,[23]" "He relies on Cultural Marxism to oppose ... sexual education in schools;[23] he compared public education to brainwashing.[70]"
This is a misrepresentation. His claim is that certain classes in education is being used for indoctrination of political ideology. There are numerous reports of that from parents etc, and is not a conspiracy theory. I can provide sources if you think its necessary.
Labels such as "far-right", "right-wing", "populist", "ultraconservative" etc does not belong in a Wikipedia article as fact. These are non-descriptive labels used as slander, and does not provide a neutral description of actual viewpoints. At best this can be cited as a reference, stating who are using such labels.
— Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.69.198.165 ( talk) 19:31, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
Thanks for your review/edit of the article. The flow is better now and your updates of the wikilinks quite useful. - DonCalo ( talk) 17:10, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
Ref this
This edit is actually not supported in the sources. The sources referenced do not state leftist organizations, but "communist" or "extreme left". Can you explain? 193.69.198.165 ( talk) 21:46, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
How do I add the "This is a Wikipedia user page. […] Be aware that the page may be outdated and that the user whom this page is about may have no personal affiliation with any site other than Wikipedia. The original page is located at […]" template to my user page(s)?
Also, thanks for thanking me on that one edit.
Rava77 (
talk) 10:28, 27 August 2023 (UTC)
@ Davide King After the discussion made on Javier Milei talk page, I added clarifications on the libertarianism article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Libertarianism&diff=prev&oldid=1173262285 93.45.229.98 ( talk) 09:32, 1 September 2023 (UTC)
There is currently a discussion at Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard regarding an issue with which you may have been involved. The discussion is about the topic Javier Milei. Thank you. Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 14:14, 2 September 2023 (UTC)
~~~~ Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 13:56, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
~~~~ Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 12:24, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Andrea and Gianni Agnelli Juve Ajax 1996.jpg, has been listed at Wikipedia:Files for discussion. Please see the discussion to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. — Ирука 13 14:48, 17 September 2023 (UTC)
On 27 September 2023, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article Giorgio Napolitano, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. Ed [talk] [OMT] 05:06, 27 September 2023 (UTC)
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I've been gaslit so much lately after having to defend my removal of a blogspot link promoting the butcher of riga ( Herberts Cukurs) and Mark Weber it's just so good to know that there are sane people who don't think I'm imagining things and agree to basic things like Mark Weber and Herberts Cukurs are the bad guys. It's good to see that at least English Wikipedia editors take Holocaust denialism seriously and oppose it strongly. I never expected to be in this huge battle and was absolutely shocked than anyone on Wikipedia would persistently defend Cukurs and the blog with Webers stuff but it is so good to see other people on Wikipedia standing up to the Nazis and Holocaust deniers instead of praising them.-- QazyQazyQazaqstan ( talk) 16:52, 15 October 2023 (UTC)
The redirect Digital wealth has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Anyone, including you, is welcome to comment on this redirect at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2023 November 7 § Digital wealth until a consensus is reached. - CHAMPION ( talk) ( contributions) ( logs) 05:15, 7 November 2023 (UTC)
The Copyeditor's Barnstar | |
Thank you for edits to Palestinian law. Bearian ( talk) 15:13, 13 November 2023 (UTC) |
Ciao Davide King
Impressed with the contributions you are making & wondered whether you could review Michael Mainelli who became Lord Mayor of London this week. The article about him in Italian Wiki remains a Bozza. Oughtn't this be released now that he is Lord Mayor?
Grazie mille.
Primm1234 ( talk) 17:03, 17 November 2023 (UTC)
Check this out, if you haven't seen it: [5]. Marokwitz ( talk) 14:48, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
I see that you've already received three copyeditor's barnstars recently, so I'll spare you another one. Just wanted to thank you for the work you've done on the article about syndicalism! :D -- Grnrchst ( talk) 17:16, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
I assume your edit on Jackson Hinkle was done without much thought, and that’s okay I’m not offended. I’ve certainly edited articles without too much thought and have been wrong in the past.
But if Wikipedia has an ideology labeled as “left and far left” in the article, any individuals who are labeled as “right wing communists” need to be relabeled, or the communism article needs to be changed. It’s a matter of consistency. Sources written by those who are not political science experts are not valid arguments to the contrary. Nate Rybner 18:23, 24 November 2023 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Naterybner ( talk • contribs)
"But what's interesting about the 'MAGA Communism' phrase is that it doesn't necessarily mean communism in the literal sense of, say, demanding collective ownership. I think it's meant to be a kind of cultural invocation—a defense from that which the elites want you to believe. It suggests something about how people's political moorings are unsettled, and the search to find new bearings."So there is no contradiction. Davide King ( talk) 21:45, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
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talk) 00:42, 28 November 2023 (UTC)
Just letting you know that I moved Javier Milei 2023 presidential campaign to Javier Milei 2023 presidential campaign because I thought it would be more WP:CONSISTENT with other presidential campaign articles such as Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign, Vladimir Putin 2018 presidential campaign, and others. If you have a problem with the new title, you are always free to revert me if you wish. The Night Watch (talk) 15:31, 28 November 2023 (UTC)
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The article will be discussed at Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Controversies involving Javier Milei until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.
Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished.Cambalachero ( talk) 19:15, 12 December 2023 (UTC)
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I think I'm getting a better understanding of the problem, and why there is so much disagreement. It seems many editors believe that notable content from reliable sources must be written in Wikivoice, and if the content is not disputed by other reliable sources, then the content should be written as fact. This is not a widely accepted definition of fact outside of Wikipedia, and changes the meaning of Wikipedia policy.
Further, it creates contention, since Wikipedia is now taking a position on contentious topics. The Wikipedia position is essentially the consensus amongst editors, what reliable sources have written about a topic. The result is that Wikipedia is a consensus based opinion source, stating Wikipedia's views factually, and these views are a distillation of the reliable sources used in each article. In most topics this is not a problem, since the consensus is uncontroversial and will not be a common topic of debate in society.
I don't think this works for political content. For most other topics it wouldn't be a problem, but politics are inherently disputed topics. No wonder it causes all this mess?
Some issues arise:
My worry is that these policies, while helpful for general encyclopedic content, becomes very harmful to the public discourse on political topics. E.g. the political polarization going on in the US can not end well, and Wikipedia is right in the middle of it. There is a big risk they will elect Donald Trump as a result of the polarization, not because of his policies. You can compare it to what happened in Argentina, Massa had such an aggressive anti-Milei campaign, it resulted in many people voting for Milei, who otherwise wouldn't have.
I also wonder, now that more and more news and content is shifting away from traditional media, into social media, X/Twitter, Facebook, YouTube etc are becoming the main sources of information. Yet these are not included in Wikipedia at all, but it may be difficult to resolve this problem in a way that works.
Since we are moving so far off-topic in the other discussions, i thought this was more relevant to discuss here, if you had any thoughts on it. Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 14:59, 18 December 2023 (UTC)
User:A.S. Brown
User talk:A.S. Brown is wishing you
Seasons Greetings! Whether you celebrate your hemisphere's
Solstice or
Xmas,
Eid,
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Spread the holiday cheer by adding {{ subst: User:WereSpielChequers/Dec10/Balloon}} to your friends' talk pages.
Davide King,
Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable
New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia.
Mann Mann (
talk) 04:36, 1 January 2024 (UTC)
Send New Year cheer by adding {{ subst:Happy New Year fireworks}} to user talk pages.
I was about to fetch sources for an article you created ( Sergio Zavoli), when I noticed your intriguing username. Any connection to the opera Davide Re by Amintore Galli? IgnatiusofLondon ( talk) 10:01, 10 January 2024 (UTC)
Your edit to 1997 European Grand Prix has been removed in whole or in part, as it appears to have added copyrighted material to Wikipedia without evidence of permission from the copyright holder. If you are the copyright holder, please read Wikipedia:Donating copyrighted materials for more information on uploading your material to Wikipedia. For legal reasons, Wikipedia cannot accept copyrighted material, including text or images from print publications or from other websites, without an appropriate and verifiable license. All such contributions will be deleted. You may use external websites or publications as a source of information, but not as a source of content, such as sentences or images—you must write using your own words. Wikipedia takes copyright very seriously, and persistent violators of our copyright policy will be blocked from editing. See Wikipedia:Copying text from other sources for more information. — Diannaa ( talk) 14:56, 12 February 2024 (UTC)
You know well that unsourced edits are reverted, Egeymi ( talk) 12:18, 30 March 2024 (UTC)
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The contents of the User:Davide King page were merged into Talk:Libertarianism#Davide King's proposal. For the contribution history and old versions of the merged article please see its history. |
The Barnstar of Infinite Patience | ||
This barnstar is to award you for displaying a superpower level of infinite and invincible patience. |
Happy New Year 2021 I hope your New Year holiday is enjoyable and the coming year is much better than the one we are leaving behind. Best wishes from Los Angeles. // Timothy :: talk |
The Original Barnstar | ||
Awarded for your continuous improvements to Communism. Awarded by Cdjp1 on 25 August 2021 |
Awesome work on the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine! Larsobrien 06:58, 3 March 2022 (UTC)
FYI: https://InfoGalactic.com/info/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes_(mirrored_archive) ~ JasonCarswell (talk)
Wikileaks provides a good selection of writings between editors of Communism-related articles. [1] Most of the editors mentioned later changed their user names and are still editing. TFD ( talk) 21:06, 5 December 2021 (UTC)
Hmm, interestingly, who in a clear mind could assert that "Protocols..." were not manufactured? Just a random thought, totally irrelevant to this thread, never mind.-- Paul Siebert ( talk) 23:42, 14 December 2021 (UTC)
“It's always possible to wake someone from sleep, but no amount of noise will wake someone who is pretending to be asleep.”
You are fine with including that reference? ~ cygnis insignis 07:34, 9 January 2022 (UTC)
cygnis insignis, there is also this: Some, such as the
Chinese Communist Party, have attempted to suppress discussion and study of such killings.
[1]
References
As I wrote
here, the
news source is not about the topic and is referring only to Tiananmen ("China's Communist leaders have made any discussion of the brutal quelling of the student-led demonstrations -- in which hundreds, maybe thousands, were killed -- taboo, but dissidents say the public could yet hold them accountable."
) It is just more editorializing and SYNTH.
Davide King (
talk) 03:55, 10 January 2022 (UTC)
So synthesis is determined by notability now... By your logic if a scholar does not meet
WP:GNG then we can exclude their source as synthesis. Did I get that right? That's a novel approach, you should try it at
WP:RSN sometime, or maybe that's
WP:ORN, I'm confused. Anyway, you have just undermined pages and pages of your own arguments against Rummel due to what Karlsson says; on the basis that Karlsson isn't notable according to
WP:GNG so relying on Karlsson's criticisms of Rummel is synthesis, according to you. --
Nug (
talk) 21:58, 20 January 2022 (UTC)
"such an amalgamation (as we have currently) effectively uses the list from A as synthesis to support the arguments presented in B; it's an inherently non-neutral article."That is the SYNTH, and what TFD, Siebert, and I meant when saying it attempts to prove the thesis of the Black Book, and is not something that the non-notable Karlsoon 2008 paper debunks or is alone enough to overcome. I am more interested in your change of mind about this source anyway, and you can justify such a change. Was TFD right all long back then to explain its lack of citation and thsu notability to you?
"Karlsson isn't dismissing that mass killing occurred under communist regimes", me neither so what is the point? I think Karlsson may be a good source for comparative analysis of Stalin, Mao, and Pol Pot, including their mass killings; just because I do not support your version or vision of the article, it does not mean I do not support any at all), hence why I search for "Communist mass killings" or "Mass killings" "Communist regimes", while you are searching "Communist crimes" (as you did here), yet all three mostly shows articles about individual Communist countries. In fact, I get this at page 2:
"The narrative of the heroic anti-fascist struggle has been delegitimized along with the communist regimes, and the trauma of communist crimes is placed at the core of remembrance strategies. The resulting divided memory ... ."This is the proper context, and is how I understand the topic, while you and other users appear to understanding state "reappropriation" of memories, hence why I think TFD said there are users that are believers and is what I believe they are referring to. When this appears to be the case, there can be no productive discussion. Certainly, this one was better and I 'thanked' you for it, and I wish we could have the same about MKuCR.
Good morning from Coreca, I am writing to greet you and to know how you are. I'm fine enough for now. I am writing to ask you for help with the voice that has now become a draft, Dado Coletti, which you will surely know. If I understand correctly, he has some requirements that do not apply to here. Could you help me to reinforce, expand and improve the article? I don't know which way to turn. For the rest, I thank you and greet you. See you soon and thanks again.-- Luigi Salvatore Vadacchino ( talk) 02:52, 29 January 2022 (UTC)
I'm reading through the sources I posted and working (offline) on revisions to the Terminology section, and pretty much ignoring everything else. At this point, the scope is set by the RFC, and I don't really see the value in discussing anything other than soliciting sources (and objections to sources), as we've done. The RM is a distraction, not worth my time to pay attention to it. I doubt there is anything worthwhile to discuss until somebody makes an edit. I'm probably going to be editing the Terminology section today or tomorrow. Levivich 15:59, 31 January 2022 (UTC)
I hope Davide will forgive me for this unorthodox use of his talk page (feel free to delete it if it's not useful), but the most effective thing I can think of doing to answer about terminology is to just share with you all my collection of quotes from the sources about terminology. This is part of what I think should be summarized, in wikivoice as much as possible, in the article. I'm not finished collecting quotes, and haven't yet started attempting to summarize it. But I think if you just skim this, the relevancy becomes obvious.
Extended content
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CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY Jones 2017 p. 818 The concept of “crimes against humanity” predates that of genocide. It was first used in an international context in 1915. As the Ottoman genocide against Christian minorities raged (see Chapter 4), the Allies of the Triple Entente—Russia, France, and Great Britain— gathered to issue a statement of protest and concern. The proposed Russian wording condemned “crimes … against Christianity and civilization,” but the other Allies felt this could bring yet more persecution upon the ravaged Christian populations of Anatolia. Accordingly, an agreement was struck to change the text to denounce instead crimes “against humanity and civilization.” p. 818-819 For genocide scholars and students, the areas of conceptual crossover and divergence with the UN Genocide Convention are worth noting. Crimes against humanity are 818 characterized by two main requisites: they must be “widespread or systematic,” and they must be committed in the course of an attack “directed against any civilian population” (Rome Statute). Neither of these requirements is found in the Genocide Convention, though in practical application and prosecution, genocide has generally been viewed as targeting civilians (or at least non-combatants). The “widespread” scale and “systematic” character of atrocities likewise supply important evidence that a campaign of genocide is underway. Importantly, the “murder” and “extermination” provisions of crimes against humanity legislation do not require that the civilian victims be members of a particular national, ethnic, racial, or religious collectivity, as the Genocide Convention does. Moreover, the Rome Statute’s prohibition against “persecution” of “identifiable group[s]” references a wider range of collectivities than does the Convention, including “political,” “cultural,” and “gender” groups. Semelin 343 However, the term ‘politicide’ has little currency among some researchers because it has no legal validity in international law. That is one reason why Jean-Louis Margolin tends to recognise what happened in Cambodia as ‘genocide’because,as he points out,to speak of ‘politicide’ amounts to considering Pol Pot’s crimes as less grave than those of Hitler.87 Again, the weight of justice interferes in the debate about concepts that, once again, argue strongly in favour of using the word genocide.But those so concerned about the issue of legal sanctions should also take into account another legal concept that is just as powerful, and better established: that of the crime against humanity.In fact,legal scholars such as Antoine Garapon and David Boyle believe that the violence perpetrated by the Khmer Rouge is much more appropriately categorised under the heading of crime against humanity,even if genocidal tendencies can be identified, particularly against the Muslim minority.88 This accusation is just as serious as that of genocide (the latter moreover being sometimes considered as a subcategory of the former) and should thus be subject to equally severe sentences. I quite agree with these legal scholars, believing that the notion of ‘crime against humanity’ is generally better suited to the violence perpetrated by communist regimes, a viewpoint also shared by Michael Mann.89 Stone 256 (Schabas) This formulation was similar to the war crimes clauses in the Treaty of Versailles. But the Treaty of Sèvres contained a major innovation, contemplating prosecution of what we now define as ‘crimes against humanity’38 as well as of war crimes. (257) However, the first successful international prosecution for genocide, that of the Nazi leaders at Nuremberg, did not, in fact, use the term. International lawyers opted for the somewhat more familiar concept of ‘crimes against humanity’ rather than the much newer one of genocide. (264) The International Criminal Court can prosecute three categories of ‘core crime’, genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, with the future prospect of aggression being included. Karlsson 2008 p. 5 The term ‘crimes against humanity’, used in the formulation of the title of this review, has been in use for a hundred years and is used in international legal and political discourse to describe the Young Turk government’s brutal treatment of its Armenian subjects during the First World War in the declining Ottoman Empire. It was codified for the first time thirty years later, in the statute that formed the legal ground for the International Military Tribunal in Nuremberg following the Second World War, and was then broadly defined as ‘murder, extermination, enslavement, deportation, and other inhumane acts committed against civilian populations, before or during the war; or persecutions on political, racial or religious grounds…’. This definition is very similar to the one in the 1998 Rome Statute, the treaty that has regulated the International Criminal Court (ICC) since 20021 . This broad definition has the advantage in this context that it covers all the widely varying types of inhumane actions carried out by communist regimes against their own people, and the various underlying mechanisms and motives. It is particularly ‘practical’ that political motives are mentioned explicitly, since this can be applied to the communist regimes’ persecution of opposition groups. As we know, the idea that victim categories can be defined politically is not compatible with the UN Genocide Convention, since the communist Soviet Union and its satellite states in Eastern Europe opposed this development in the political process that led to the adoption of the convention2 GENOCIDE Jones 2017 Until the Second World War, genocide was a “crime without a name,” in the words of British Prime Minister Winston Churchill. 42 The man who named the crime, placed it in a globalhistorical context, and demanded intervention and remedial action was a Polish-Jewish jurist, a refugee from Nazi-occupied Europe, named Raphael Lemkin (1900–1959). His story is one of the most remarkable of the twentieth century. Lemkin is an exceptional example of a “norm entrepreneur” (see Chapter 12). In the space of four years, he coined a term—genocide—that concisely defined an age-old phenomenon. He supported it with a wealth of documentation. He published a lengthy book (Axis Rule in Occupied Europe) that applied the concept to campaigns of genocide underway in Lemkin’s native Poland and elsewhere in the Nazi-occupied territories. He then waged a successful campaign to persuade the new United Nations to draft a convention against genocide; another successful campaign to obtain the required number of signatures; and yet another to secure the necessary national ratifications. Yet Lemkin lived in penury—in surely his wittiest recorded comment, he described himself as “pleading a holy cause at the UN while wearing holey clothes” 43—and he died in obscurity in 1959; his funeral drew just seven people. Only in recent years has the promise of his concept, and the UN convention that incorporated it, begun to be realized Semelin p. 308 Even while Auschwitz was still operating and Germany was far from having lost the war, on the other side of the Atlantic an American legal scholar of Polish stock,Raphael Lemkin,then professor at Yale University, invented the word ‘genocide’. While he had very little reliable information about what was going on at the core of Nazi Europe, Lemkin had an intuition that something totally unheard-of was happening,which in his eyes justified the coining of a new term. He therefore devoted an entire chapter to it in a book published in 1944.1 Scarcely four years later,the United Nations adopted the new notion in the context of the International Convention on the Prevention and Repression of the Crime of Genocide, passed in Paris on 9 December 1948, just before this same assembly approved the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. What an achievement for an academic to see a word he had coined himself recognised so quickly on an international scale! The international Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals set up by the victors of the Second World War had nevertheless resorted to a new notion in November 1945 and January 1946—the ‘crime against humanity’—in prosecuting the Germans and Japanese responsible for such acts. But realisation at the end of the war of the true nature of the crimes the Nazis committed against European Jewry probably explains why the notion of ‘genocide’ was so readily adopted within the newly-emerging ‘international community’. And so the word genocide gradually came into use in ordinary language to denote absolute evil,the crime of all crimes perpetrated against innocent populations Stone 9 (Chapter 1) Genocide is one of those rare concepts whose author and inception can be precisely specified and dated. The term was created by the brilliant PolishJewish jurist Raphael Lemkin (1900–59), in his book Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress, published in the USA in 1944. Lemkin was also the prime mover in the discussions that led to the 1948 United Nations (UN) Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. The concept was immediately recognized worldwide to be of contemporary significance and future importance, for it calls attention to humanity at its limits. It is a major concept in international law, for its framework of group experience and rights challenges both a stress on the individual as the subject of law and the exclusive jurisdiction of modern nation states Stone 44 (Anton Weiss-Wendt) Scott Straus has counted 21 different definitions of genocide. Genocide has been a legal, political, moral, and empirical concept that means different things to different people.10 There are several scholars, including Helen Fein, Leo Kuper, Herbert Hirsch, and Kurt Jonassohn, who question the very rationale for the debate on definition. Midlarsky 18 The term genocide was coined by Raphael Lemkin 1944, 79. This definition provided the basis for the somewhat later one devised by the United Nations. Midlarsky 22 As stated in the introduction, genocide is understood to be the statesponsored systematic mass murder of innocent and helpless men, women, and children denoted by a particular ethnoreligious identity, with the purpose of eradicating that group from a given territory. ... I distinguish between genocide as the systematic mass murder of people based on ethnoreligious identity, and politicide as the large-scale killing of designated enemies of the state based on socioeconomic or political criteria POLITICIDE Jones 2017 Politicide. Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr’s term for mass killing according to “hierarchical position or political opposition to the regime and dominant groups,” as this identification is imputed by the state (see Box 1.4). Examples: Harff and Gurr consider “revolutionary oneparty states” to be the most common perpetrators of genocide. The term may also be applied to the mass killings of alleged “communists” and “subversives” in, e.g., Latin America during the 1970s and 1980s. Source: Barbara Harff, “No Lessons Learned from the Holocaust? Assessing Risks of Genocide and Political Mass Murder since 1955,” American Political Science Review, 97: 1 (2003). (A blog, “The Liberal Ironist,” offers an interesting alternative definition of politicide: “the mass killing by the state of the members of a voluntary association such as a political party, professional group or class of propertyholders.”) 98 Semelin p. 309 Other terms appeared subsequently such as ‘politicide’, coined by Ted Gurr and Barbara Harff in 1988. Semelin 319 Other researchers have attempted to break free from the UN Convention to explore new avenues. Since the Convention left out political mass murders, they have simply suggested naming them as such.The word ‘genocide’being a neologism,they have felt justified in coining other terms to refer to different phenomena. Thus Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr forged the notion of ‘politicide’ to designate mass murders of a political nature. In truth their approach remains modelled on that of the UN, their notion of ‘politicide’ being in all appearance a lexical solution to compensate for the lack of a political criterion. Thus they consider that genocide refers to the case of mass murders that target groups of a ‘communitarian’ nature defined by ethnic or religious criteria,whereas politicide targets groups whose victims are considered according to their opposition to the dominant power. These authors thus see an analytical advantage in differentiating the two notions which they believe elsewhere to be complementary, whence their tendency to speak of ‘geno-politicide’.28 Kranjc 585 A far more neutral term, despite Naimark’s dismissal, is politicide, which was coined by political scientists Barbara Harff and Ted Robert Gurr to describe cases where “the victim groups are defined primarily in terms of their hierarchical position or political opposition to the regime and dominant groups,” thus filling the definitional hole left by the 1948 genocide convention.93 Since politicide still has “as yet no generally accepted definition” or international legal standing, it remains a seldom used term outside of scholarly circles.94 One historian who has employed this term to describe the postwar killings in Yugoslavia is Paul Mojzes, who stressed that “the killing was intended, but it was not on the basis of race, ethnicity, culture, or religion; it was based on ideology and political conviction. The victims were regarded as traitors and betrayers of their country.” 95 Stone 47 (Aton Weiss-Wendt) Of twenty or so different terms that incorporate the Latin derivative cide only one has been warranted. I am referring to the concept of politicide introduced in the late 1980s by Barbara Harff. Herself a political scientist, Harff sought to fill the void left by the UN Genocide Convention, which fails to mention political groups. She has emphasized that in contrast to genocide, in politicide the victimized groups are defined primarily in terms of their political opposition to the regime.29 Despite the narrow definition of politicide, some scholars have compromised this term by using it indiscriminately to cover borderline cases that fall outside the scope of the UN Genocide Convention. Midlarsky 22 I distinguish between genocide as the systematic mass murder of people based on ethnoreligious identity, and politicide as the large-scale killing of designated enemies of the state based on socioeconomic or political criteria. Although genocide can be understood to be a species of politicide (but not the converse), in practice, genocidal (i.e., ethnoreligious) killings tap into much deeper historical roots of the human condition. In this distinction, I follow Harff and Gurr 1988, 360. Midlarsky 24 In contrast to genocides, politicides – the mass murder of designated socioeconomic or political enemies of the state – not only typically leave the majority of the population intact after purging the economic or political ‘‘offenders,’’ but do not necessarily destroy the cultural infrastructure of the victim. Even if attacked and partially destroyed, enough of the infrastructure survives to build anew as in the former communist countries that experienced this form of state-sponsored mass murder. Harff 2017 p. 112-113 Moreover, the working definitions of empiricists almost invariably include politicide, the killing of people because of their political and social affiliations. Indeed, Lemkin included destruction of a people’s political and social institutions, but the politics of the UN General Assembly precluded inclusion of this type of mass killing, now generally called politicide. DEMOCIDE Jones 2017 Democide. Term invented by R.J. Rummel to encompass “the murder of any person or people by a government, including genocide, politicide, and mass murder.” Examples: Rummel particularly emphasizes the “megamurders” of twentieth-century totalitarian regimes. Source: R.J. Rummel, Death by Government (Transaction Publishers, 1997). Semelin 319-320 Rudolph Rummel casts aside the notion of ‘genocide’ in favour of a term of his own invention:‘democide’.He defines democide as being any mass murder perpetrated by a government leaving at least one million dead, whether it is genocide, politicide or any other mass murder.29 However,an attentive reading reveals that he suggests this term more for moral than scholarly reasons, primarily to cover all the victims of state-perpetrated violence. In this he is closer to THE POLITICAL USES OF MASSACRE AND GENOCIDE 319 Charny’s approach, except that unlike the latter he refuses to define genocide in broad terms. Furthermore, his definition poses a problem in that,although it strives to cover all cases of massacre, it does not take into account those perpetrated by non-state actors Kranjc 585 Another equally plausible alternative to politicide would be the much broader term of “democide.” Introduced by sociologist Theodore Abel in 1951, the definition of democide reads in a manner that Lemkin probably initially intended for the definition of genocide: “extermination procedures against a population selected on the basis of any kind of social attribute, racial, religious, educational, political, cultural, and so forth, including even distinctions on the basis of age.” 96 The fact that politicide and democide are employed primarily by a narrow cohort of scholars may remove some of the “stigma” that is associated with the awesome (and legally imprecise) accusation of genocide. (Theodore Abel, “The Sociology of Concentration Camps,” Social Forces 30, no. 2 (1951): 151) Stone 46 (Anton Weiss-Wendt) Dissatisfied with the legal definition of genocide, Rudolf Rummel coined another term, democide. According to Rummel, democide denotes not only premeditated killing but also unintentional death by government, for example, excessive mortality among prisoners in camps and during deportations. To justify the need for the new term, Rummel refers to the staggering number of civilians killed in violent conflicts other than wars. Indeed, it was Rummel who in 1985 pioneered the statistical study of mass killing. The figures that Rummel cites in his studies, however, come entirely from secondary sources, many of them dated. As Tomislav Dulic´ has recently demonstrated, Rummel’s method of estimation is fundamentally flawed.23 Altogether, figures and graphs, or ‘the statistics of democide’ as Rummel calls it, have little practical value, telling us nothing about the phenomenon of genocide. Although Rummel points out that democide is different from genocide, he insists that the later is a constituent of the former. By arguing that genocide simultaneously is and is not democide, Rummel in effect sows even more confusion. The use of the terms like ‘kilomurders’, ‘hell-state’, and ‘mortacracy’24 further undermines the argumentative prowess of Rummel’s scholarship. Midlarsky 18 Rudolph Rummel 1998, 1–13, has coined the term democide to refer to the killing of large numbers of people by the state. Harff 2017 p. 112 Rudy devoted five books to the systematic analysis of democide, four of them published within a span of five years. Lethal Politics (1990) documented Soviet mass killings after 1917, China’s Bloody Century (1991) was the second, and the third covered Nazi Genocide and Mass Murder (1992). The capstone was Death by Government (1994), which summarized the empirical and theoretical basis of his concept of democide, with documentation of many other cases. The fifth book, Statistics of Democide (1998) showed just how thoroughly and carefully he compiled and analyzed the data he used. Definitions are crucial to a new and broad concept like democide. Rummel (1994: 42) summarizes a chapter-long discussion with this: ‘A death constitutes democide if it is the intentional killing of an unarmed or disarmed person by government agents acting in their authoritative capacity and pursuant to government policy or high command’. He adds that it encompasses reckless and wanton disregard for the lives of forced labor and concentration camp victims; ‘unofficial’ killings by private groups; extrajudicial summary killings; and mass deaths that occurred because governments ignored or perpetrated their causes, as in deliberate famines. Elsewhere (p. 37) he adds that it includes killings by de facto governments, i.e. rebels or warlords.
Rummel points out that democide comprises genocides, but not all genocidal phenomena as detailed by Raphael Lemkin and codified in the UN’s 1948 Genocide Convention.2 The Convention includes policies whose intent is to cause mental harm, to inflict conditions of life aimed to bring about the group’s physical destruction in whole or part, and measures intended to prevent birth. Specifically, the crime of genocide is the intent to eliminate ‘in whole or part’ a national, racial, ethnic, or religious group. Insofar as this entails direct killing of group members, it is included in democide. (113) In short, conceptually democide includes all the mass killings associated with genocide and politicide, but also many others that are not aimed at the intentional destruction of a particular group. And normatively their objectives also are somewhat different. The study of democide leads to condemnation of entire categories of governments because they are at risk of killing large numbers of citizens; comparative study of genocide aims to help identify specific governments for specific crimes against humanity. Saucier 81 Genocide has been defined as “the sustained, purposeful action by a perpetrator [usually the state] to physically destroy a collectivity directly (through mass or selective murders and calculable physical destruction) or through interdiction of the biological and social reproduction of group members.”7 The concept of genocide is ambiguous in scope. Sometimes it is taken to include murderous suppression of political opposition and sometimes not (as in the 1948 United Nations Convention, based on Lemke’s well-known compromise to resolve an impasse in the convention). Some have remedied this gap by conducting studies of genocide plus politicide.8 Here, we adopt Rummel’s broader term (democide), to be clear that political suppression is not artificially excluded. By this definition, democide is “the murder of any person or people by a government, including genocide, politicide, or mass murder.”9 In our view, Rummel’s definition is too extensive in taking the murder by government of a single individual (e.g., an assassination) to be democide; it would be better to restrict the term to systematic killing of large numbers of noncombatant (civilian) individuals. This definition does not require the stated purpose of eliminating an entire group. Our slightly adjusted definition of democide ends up similar in scope to Valentino’s preferred terminology referencing “mass killing;”10 a difference is that Valentino used 50,000 deaths as a minimum threshold, whereas to take better account of democide against smallscale societies (with, in fact, often fewer than 50,000 lives to lose) we employed a lower threshold. Stenfelt 2015 (Karlsson 2015 ch. 3) p. 71 “Body count” is a term usually associated with the political scientist Rudolf J. Rummel, as well as the term democide used by him as a definition of “the murder of any person or people by a government.” CLASSICIDE Jones 2017 Classicide. Term coined by Michael Mann to refer to “the intended mass killing of entire social classes.” Examples: The destruction of the “kulaks” in Stalin’s USSR (Chapter 5); Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge (Chapter 7). Source: Michael Mann, The Dark Side of Democracy (Cambridge University Press, 2004). Semelin p. 37 Mann however refuses to use the term ‘genocide’ to describe the crimes committed under communism.He prefers the terms ‘fratricide’and ‘classicide’, a word he coined to refer to intentional mass killings of entire social classes. MASS KILLING Jones 2017 p. 56 The critical question, for Lemkin, was whether the multipronged campaign proceeded under the rubric of policy. To the extent that it did, it could be considered genocidal, even if it did not result in the physical destruction of all (or any) members of the group. 55 The issue of whether mass killing is definitional to genocide has been debated ever since, by myriad scholars and commentators, and will be considered further below. Equally vexing for subsequent generations was the emphasis on ethnic and national groups. These predominated as victims in the decades in which Lemkin developed his framework (and in the historical examples he studied). Yet by the end of the 1940s, it was clear that political groups were often targeted for annihilation. 56 Moreover, the appellations applied to “communists,” or by communists to “kulaks” or “class enemies”—when imposed by a totalitarian state—seemed every bit as difficult to shake as ethnic identifications, if the Nazi and Stalinist onslaughts were anything to go by. This does not even take into account the important but ambiguous areas of crossover among ethnic, political, and social categories (see “Multiple and Overlapping Identities,” below). NAMES IN GENERAL Semelin p. 320 Other new notions have appeared that have no more legal substance than the others. We could mention ‘Judeocide’30 (to refer to any massacre of Jews), ‘ecocide’ to describe the destruction of an ecosystem,31 ‘feminicide’ referring to the specific destruction of women,32 ‘libricide’ for the destruction of libraries,33 ‘urbicide’ for that of cities and ‘elitocide’ for that of elites, and ‘linguicide’ and ‘culturicide’34,not to forget ‘fratricide’,‘classicide’and ‘ethnocide’.35 This proliferation of terms, most of which have appeared since the Second World War, attests to a new tendency in the social sciences that strives to explore phenomena of destruction as such. At first it was as if researchers’ attempts had focused on how to name them in order to be able to think about them.There are in fact no research traditions in this area from which to draw.Such terminological abundance can thus be interpreted as an indicator of the wealth of a field of studies under construction.But such diversity also attests to another fact:the huge difficulty of grasping the object studied, of delimiting it, of framing it properly through definitions. The result is reflected in the countless misunderstandings and disagreements between researchers themselves who are nevertheless often studying the same historical cases. ‘Classicide’, in counterpoint to genocide, has a certain appeal, but it doesn’t convey the fact that communist regimes, beyond their intention of destroying ‘classes’—a difficult notion to grasp in itself (what exactly is a ‘kulak’?)—end up making political suspicion a rule of government: every individual can potentially be accused of ideological deviance, even within the Party (and perhaps even mainly within the Party).The notion of ‘fratricide’is probably more appropriate in this regard. That of ‘politicide’, which Ted Gurr and Barbara Harff suggest, remains the most intelligent, although it implies by contrast that ‘genocide’ is not ‘political’, which is debatable.These authors in effect explain that the aim of politicide is to impose total political domination over a group or a government.Its victims are defined by their position in the social hierarchy or their political opposition to the regime or this dominant group.85 Such an approach applies well to the political violence of communist powers and more particularly to Pol Pot’s Democratic Kampuchea. The French historian Henri Locard in fact emphasises this, identifying with Gurr and Harff’s approach in his work on Cambodia.86 However, the term ‘politicide’ has little currency among some researchers because it has no legal validity in international law. That is one reason why Jean-Louis Margolin tends to recognise what happened in Cambodia as ‘genocide’because,as he points out,to speak of ‘politicide’ amounts to considering Pol Pot’s crimes as less grave than those of Hitler.87 Again, the weight of justice interferes in the debate about concepts that, once again, argue strongly in favour of using the word genocide Kranjc 578 ...war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide – will be analysed in order to establish how accurate they are in capturing the historical essence of what occurred in 1945. The last three terms, which constitute the “big three crimes” in international law, will be additionally analysed to see if their legal requirements are met by the postwar killings. |
Basically, yes, we need to explain to the reader the difference between crimes against humanity and genocide, why some scholars don't like the term "genocide" and have used different terms (specifically: politicide, democide, classicide), and why various scholars think each of these terms are better than the others to describe mass killings by Communist Party regimes. Levivich 00:53, 1 February 2022 (UTC)
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Hello. I just want to ask what CE means in your edits? Nintendoswitchfan ( talk) 04:33, 15 March 2022 (UTC)
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Hi mate. You are such a thorough user. Will you be helping me in Formula One Grand Prix articles for this season and for those to come as it has been the case so far? Island92 ( talk) 16:13, 9 April 2022 (UTC)
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Back in December you made the following edit:
that includes this typo (notice the period):
"Karlsson describes Rummel's 61,911,000.121 estimate for the Soviet Union as being"
That typo is still in the current version. Not sure if 121 was was supposed to be a reference like [121] or what. — Megiddo1013 01:53, 7 May 2022 (UTC)
Can you explain why did you created a redirect page mixed-market economy? See logs for it here [2] , I will look forward for your reply and would continue the discussion. Thanks Sneha04 💬 07:38, 26 May 2022 (UTC)
The Copyeditor's Barnstar | |
Thank you so much for your tireless work in copyediting the article for the Robb Elementary School shooting! At least, I assume that's what you must be doing. Unless "CE" stands for something else and I'm just not hip on the Wikipedia lingo. (Also, thanks for the thanks for my edits. I know no one but me can see them, but I appreciate it.) benǝʇᴉɯ 15:31, 28 May 2022 (UTC) |
If you are still interested in the article, I just found this. Doug Weller talk 10:08, 29 May 2022 (UTC)
Hi Davide
Please leave {{
Bare URL inline}} inside the <ref> .. </ref>
tags. Moving it to after the close ref (as you did here
[3]) means that bots and tools don't recognise it, so it won't get removed even if the ref is filled.
BrownHairedGirl
(talk) • (
contribs) 16:14, 30 May 2022 (UTC)
You currently appear to be engaged in an edit war according to the reverts you have made on Robb Elementary School shooting. This means that you are repeatedly changing content back to how you think it should be although other editors disagree. Users are expected to collaborate with others, to avoid editing disruptively, and to try to reach a consensus, rather than repeatedly undoing other users' edits once it is known that there is a disagreement.
In this case, a consensus has already been reached at Talk:Robb Elementary School shooting#Inclusion of conspiracy theories.
Points to note:
If you find yourself in an editing dispute, use the article's talk page to discuss controversial changes and work towards a version that represents consensus among editors. You can post a request for help at an appropriate noticeboard or seek dispute resolution. In some cases, it may be appropriate to request temporary page protection. If you engage in an edit war, you may be blocked from editing. 48Pills ( talk) 19:28, 30 May 2022 (UTC)
Hi Davide King, I've recently been looking for editors to invite to join the new page reviewing team, and after reviewing your editing history, I think you would be a good candidate. Reviewing/patrolling a page doesn't take much time but it requires a good understanding of Wikipedia policies and guidelines; the new page reviewing team needs help from experienced users like yourself. Would you please consider becoming a New Page Reviewer? Kindly read the tutorial before making your decision (if it looks daunting, don't worry, most pages are easy to review, and habits are quick to develop). If this looks like something that you can do, please consider joining us. If you choose to apply, you can drop an application over at WP:PERM/NPR. If you have questions, please feel free to drop a message on my talk page or at the reviewer's discussion board. Cheers, and hope to see you around, ( t · c) buidhe 22:18, 2 June 2022 (UTC) |
That huge table was added by him, and probably contains intentional errors. He is a newbie at en:, but was editwarring at fr: as well, and has been blocked this morning there as a sock puppet. [4] (delete after reading) KittenKlub ( talk) 11:33, 22 June 2022 (UTC)
Please be careful not to overlink, as you did here. I had removed the overlinking but you added it back in that edit, so I had to remove the overlinking, again. With linking, you link once in the lead, and then once after the lead (tables and boxes are excluded). All of those things you linked are already linked in the History section. -- JDC808 ♫ 11:10, 27 June 2022 (UTC)
I formatted the paragraph construction of your dissent text re: the Jackson opinion to match that of the preceding majority opinion and consolidated a note that was fragmented. Also, you deleted material relevant to "the law of the case" in the "See Also" section; that was restored. Your link to the 2022 abortion protests was offset (as it is not part of the "law of the case" but remains in the section. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Avica1998 ( talk • contribs) 22:50, 28 June 2022 (UTC)
I'll send you a list of anticipated changes later in the week. See direction from User:X-Editor for guidance. I'll cc him. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Avica1998 ( talk • contribs) 23:04, 28 June 2022 (UTC)
The part you just added about Alito sitting on Casey may be better in the bg where Barrett's stance on abortion is spelled out. It would take some wordsmithing to incorporate (i am on a phone keyboard so can't easily do it) -- Masem ( t) 13:34, 30 June 2022 (UTC)
First off, much praise to your edits to various crime articles. I was wondering if you could rewrite this sentence on the interrogation section on the Lee Harvey Oswald article that was discussed on the talk page. The article says that Oswald told Holmes he was “working on an upper floor when the shooting occurred, then went downstairs”. Looking though Harry Holmes testimony, especially on page 306, it is clear what Holmes meant where Oswald said he encountered the officer: ...as I started to go out and see what it was all about, a police officer stopped me just before I got to the front door, and started to ask me some questions... Mr. BELIN. By the way, where did this policeman stop him when he was coming down the stairs at the Book Depository on the day of the shooting? Mr. HOLMES. He said it was in the vestibule. Mr. BELIN. He said he was in the vestibule? Mr. HOLMES. Or approaching the door to the vestibule. He was just coming, apparently, and I have never been in there myself. Apparently there is two sets of doors, and he had come out to this front part. Mr. BELIN. Did he state it was on what floor? Mr. HOLMES. First floor. The front entrance to the first floor. Mr. BELIN. Did he say anything about a Coca Cola or anything like that, if you remember? Mr. HOLMES. Seems like he said he was drinking a Coca Cola, standing there by the Coca Cola machine drinking a Coca Cola.
Holmes clarifies that Oswald was talking about encountering the officer at the vestibule on the first floor by the front entrance. Holmes describes two set of doors which were in the building vestibule (which were a front lobby between two set of doors). Based on this, the paragraph regarding Holmes on the “Police interrogation” section could be rewritten to say “Holmes (who attended the interrogation at the invitation of Captain Will Fritz) said that Oswald said he was at the first floor vestibule by the front entrance and wanted to see what the “commotion” was when he encountered an officer.” 62.254.8.232 ( talk) 08:13, 9 July 2022 (UTC)
Hello. I made adjustments to those categories because he did not lead the NBA in those categories in 1959-60 or other years. Go to Basketball Reference to confirm my changes. He didnt even come close to leading in field goal percentage or free throw percentage in 1959-60. Thank you for your time. If I overlooked something, let me know please. Have a good day. Theairportman33531 ( talk) 15:13, 1 August 2022 (UTC)
Hi Davide -- I'm Francisco from WME. I'm reaching out in case you'd be interested in chatting with me for 30 or 45 minutes. I'm doing research around editing activities on different styles of Wiki articles. I've seen you around articles with vandalism and breaking news in them, so I'd like to ask about your methods. What do you think? If you're interested, please reach out to me at my contacts on my meta page linked above :) FranCapoArg ( talk) 21:22, 3 August 2022 (UTC)
Hello Davide. I've noticed some of your edits through my watchlist where you've added oxford commas (like example, example, and example) to articles that do not use them consistently already, I looked around and found WP:Oxford comma which says there's no preference if it's used or not, so it seems a bit unnecessary to change what style to use when it's subjective, similar to what variety of English is used on subjects unrelated to a certain variety or different era styles. I get it if it's your preference (I happen to generally not prefer them) but like I said, just doesn't seem necessary to me unless that's what's already mostly used on the article. Appreciate your otherwise very solid copy editing though. Is there a specific reason you add them? TylerBurden ( talk) 08:26, 17 August 2022 (UTC)
Hey, @ Davide King! I recently proposed the article Classicide, to which you largely contributed, for the Meta-Wiki project Translation of the week. Thus, it would be really helpful if you could vote here for the proposal to succeed so that other Wikipedias are encouraged to translate it into their language. Thank you in advance! -- Brunnaiz ( talk) 17:56, 31 August 2022 (UTC)
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On 19 September 2022, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article 2022 Swedish general election, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. Spencer T• C 04:27, 19 September 2022 (UTC)
The Original Barnstar | |
Davide King,
Thanks for your great contributions on the page for the 2022 Italian general election on this busy election night. I'm headed to bed, but I have the strangest feeling you aren't. Your ongoing quick and accurate edits are noticed and appreciated. Thank you again! LocalWonk ( talk) 22:46, 25 September 2022 (UTC) |
On 28 September 2022, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article 2022 Italian general election, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. PFHLai ( talk) 03:55, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
I somehow agree with the current lead, but, as someone interested in political scientist, i think it misses the peculiarites of Meloni's right-wing movement.
1)the fact that her party descends via three parties (PNF > MSI > AN >FdI) from Mussolini's fascist party.
2)the use of "patriot" to define herself and the militants of her party.
3)Her "eurorealism" or "soft euroscepticism". The concept of a "confederal Europe of sovereign nations" is the key proposal she has on the EU. It may be contradictory, but she repeates it over and over.
4)Her feminationalism or girlbossism. There are studies on these traits of Meloni, even in the English language.
5)Her opposition to neocolonialism, chiefly because she sees it as the cause of the European migrant crisis. This is a very peculiar trait of her in the right-wing criticism of immigration.
6)Her opposition to Covid restrictions (especially early on during the pandemic).
7)Her staunch criticism of China and communist regimes, she is in favor of leaving the Belt and Road initiative for example.
It's purely an academic interest of mine. These are the things i want to add with my edits. I think it's a reasonable, well-informed, non-POV upgrade.
Barjimoa ( talk) 11:19, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
The Original Barnstar | ||
Awarded for your efforts in improving the article Giorgia Meloni. Awarded by Cdjp1 (talk) 7 October 2022 (UTC) |
Cdjp1 ( talk) 20:23, 7 October 2022 (UTC)
You currently appear to be engaged in an edit war according to the reverts you have made on Giorgia Meloni. This means that you are repeatedly changing content back to how you think it should be although other editors disagree. Users are expected to collaborate with others, to avoid editing disruptively, and to try to reach a consensus, rather than repeatedly undoing other users' edits once it is known that there is a disagreement.
Points to note:
If you find yourself in an editing dispute, use the article's talk page to discuss controversial changes and work towards a version that represents consensus among editors. You can post a request for help at an appropriate noticeboard or seek dispute resolution. In some cases, it may be appropriate to request temporary page protection. If you engage in an edit war, you may be blocked from editing. ― Blaze Wolf TalkBlaze Wolf#6545 01:03, 8 October 2022 (UTC)
Hello. This message is being sent to inform you that there is currently a discussion involving you at Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring regarding a possible violation of Wikipedia's policy on edit warring. Thank you. Est. 2021 ( talk · contribs) 01:16, 8 October 2022 (UTC)
I think that trying to put yourself in other people's shoes is not just useful, but fundamental. You falsely accused me so many times, and I sincerely don't understand why, so after the edit war we had, I tried to understand you more, both as a person and as a wikipedian, giving a look at your userpage and edits, and I've been quite surprised. Reading your infobox amid the discussion, I immediately noticed we have some things in common: we're both Southern Italians, both born in '96, and we also share the irreligion, the same sexual orientation, similar political views and similar interests and - the most important - the same personality type. Being an INTP, I can understand what you feel like, what moves you, and I can assume good faith... but please, understand that you should not focus so much on your point of view. On Giorgia Meloni, you wrote "such like-minded right-wing politicians only complain about it and make a controversy when an asylum seeker or immigrant commits a crime or rape" and that totally looks like a prejudice against right-wing politicians. Being a leftist (socialist) myself, I can even understand your disapproval of her party, but accusing people based on just their political position is just not right. I hope you understand this. Thanks. Est. 2021 ( talk · contribs) 16:45, 11 October 2022 (UTC)
The Workers' Barnstar | ||
This user has shown great editing skills in improving articles related to Communism or Socialism. | ||
this WikiAward was given to Davide King by Cdjp1 ( talk) on 14 October 2022 (UTC) |
Cdjp1 ( talk) 14:00, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
Utente Davide, le fonti riguardo Giorgia Meloni già stanno dopo il mio contributo perchè io ho eliminato due fonti che risultano inaffidabili e dichiaranti il falso, invece nella versione che ti ostini a inserire si dichiara che Meloni dichiarò il falso riguardo il titolo di studio e questa è una schifosissima fandonia supportata da fonti inventate da giornalisti prezzolati da politicanti di fazioni avverse! Forza bruta ( talk) 06:15, 16 October 2022 (UTC)
On 31 October 2022, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article 2022 Brazilian general election, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. El_C 04:45, 31 October 2022 (UTC)
Hello. This message is being sent to inform you that there is currently a discussion involving you at Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring regarding a possible violation of Wikipedia's policy on edit warring. The thread is Wikipedia:Administrators' noticeboard/Edit warring#User:Davide_King reported by User:Triggerhippie4 (Result: ). Thank you. Triggerhippie4 ( talk) 01:46, 5 November 2022 (UTC)
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Plip!
A friendly trout for
this edit, which, in removing the markup <section end=lead />
, caused four sub-articles to transclude the entirety of the main article for 10 months. MediaWiki should probably throw an error in that sort of case, but apparently it doesn't, and apparently no one noticed till me! So, enjoy the free fish. :)
--
Tamzin
cetacean needed (she|they|xe) 11:36, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
I've thought that you might be interested in this discussion that we are having right now on Danish People's Party talk page. It's about which ideologies should be included in its infobox. Cheers, Vacant0 ( talk) 12:08, 26 November 2022 (UTC)
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Hello, I was wondering why you keep on removing the link to the 1934 elections that I added in the lede. You seem really insistent about it but I don’t know of any policy that suggests it shouldn’t be in there. Best, Cpotisch ( talk) 23:27, 6 December 2022 (UTC)
2022 is the first midterm since [[1934 United States elections|1934]] in which the president's party did not lose control of a single state legislative chamber. This also marked the first midterm since 1934 in which Democrats made a net gain of governorships under a Democratic president, and the first since [[1986 United States gubernatorial elections|1986]] in which either party gained governorships while holding the presidency.
2022 is the first midterm since the [[1934 U.S. elections]] in which the president's party did not lose control of a single state legislative chamber. This also marked the first midterm since 1934 in which Democrats made a net gain of governorships under a Democratic president, and the first since the [[1986 U.S. elections]] in which either party gained governorships while holding the presidency.
... since the [[1986 U.S. gubernatorial elections]] in which either party made gains while holding the presidency.
Davide King,
Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable
New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia.
Mann Mann (
talk) 04:02, 1 January 2023 (UTC)
Send New Year cheer by adding {{ subst:Happy New Year fireworks}} to user talk pages.
Davide King,
Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable
New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia. See
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—
Moops ⋠
T⋡ 18:31, 3 January 2023 (UTC)
Send New Year cheer by adding {{ subst:Happy New Year fireworks}} to user talk pages.
— Moops ⋠ T⋡ 18:31, 3 January 2023 (UTC)
Davide King, you're a long term contributor whose contributions I respect, but could you please up your game on the use of edit summaries, to help your fellow editors? Your edit summary usage stats are impeccable, and list you as 100% usage, but that is misleading. Checking your last 100 contributions, 97% of them are 'ce', and it looks like it goes way back beyond just those. This is no better than no edit summary at all. Some examples of how this could be improved:
Please can you use descriptive summaries going forward? Thanks for everything you do for the project. Mathglot ( talk) 01:38, 19 January 2023 (UTC)
Hey, as I know that your edits are fine, but not all edits are part of criticism of TLOU HBO series. CastJared ( talk) 08:53, 21 January 2023 (UTC)
On 21 January 2023, Did you know was updated with a fact from the article 2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election, which you recently created, substantially expanded, or brought to good article status. The fact was ... that the January 2023 election of the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives was the longest speaker election since December 1859 – February 1860? The nomination discussion and review may be seen at Template:Did you know nominations/2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election. You are welcome to check how many pageviews the nominated article or articles got while on the front page ( here's how, 2023 Speaker of the United States House of Representatives election), and the hook may be added to the statistics page after its run on the Main Page has completed. Finally, if you know of an interesting fact from another recently created article, then please feel free to suggest it on the Did you know talk page.
-- RoySmith (talk) 12:02, 21 January 2023 (UTC)
Hi, is my edit correct? /info/en/?search=Special:MobileDiff/1134988471 5.91.25.107 ( talk) 14:41, 22 January 2023 (UTC)
I recently re-read the article Keynesian beauty contest and the ordering of the "See also" section surprised me so much that I had to check if someone intentionally made it worse recently and that was in fact the case with this edit, which I reverted
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Keynesian_beauty_contest&diff=prev&oldid=1105067249&diffmode=source
If you read the article, it should be obvious why "Tactical voting" which is basically the same concept is more relevant than any other things in the list.
What is the point of alphabetically sorting "See also"? This is not a dictionary. People aren't searching the See also section to check if some specific article they already know the name of is listed, they're reading it to find out which other concepts are related to the article, so the most relevant article should be the first thing they read. Also since people won't always read the entire list it makes more sense to have the first few things they might read be the most relevant.
I can understand doing this for articles that have tons of items in "See also" and where there's not an obvious sorting of relevance/importance, but in this case sorting it alphabetically just removes useful information for no gain. Akeosnhaoe ( talk) 04:42, 7 February 2023 (UTC)
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited 2023 Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page 2016–17 Central Italy earthquakes.
( Opt-out instructions.) -- DPL bot ( talk) 05:59, 28 February 2023 (UTC)
Hello, Davide King. Thank you for your work on Gianluigi Gabetti. User:Onel5969, while examining this page as a part of our page curation process, had the following comments:
Very nice job on the article, keep up the good work.
To reply, leave a comment here and begin it with {{Re|Onel5969}}
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Onel5969 TT me 11:37, 5 March 2023 (UTC)
Greetings.
MOS:ELLIPSIS allows square brackets around an ellipsis to make clear that it isn't original to the material being quoted
. My thoughts are that it's much clearer to use brackets, which is why I reverted
your recent edit. Thanks. —
Sangdeboeuf (
talk) 19:03, 8 March 2023 (UTC)
Hello @ Davide King, yesterday I wrote on John Elkann talk page about the Sports section and the last paragraph in the Early life section. As you wrote that content, I'd like to have your perspective. Can you please have a look? Thank you! :) Alucespenta84 ( talk) 10:38, 10 March 2023 (UTC)
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited I know that I know nothing, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page Socratic paradox.
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Great work on the communist state article! :) TheUzbek ( talk) 21:42, 11 July 2023 (UTC)
I would think a good structure would be:
Do you agree? Do you want to help? -- TheUzbek ( talk) 08:57, 12 July 2023 (UTC)
Someone is engaging in a edit war on this page. : Before https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna&oldid=1098047078 After https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna&oldid=1162608279 proof https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Sri_Lanka_Podujana_Peramuna&diff=prev&oldid=1162608279 — Preceding unsigned comment added by MMQ735 ( talk • contribs) 05:40, 14 July 2023 (UTC)
Hello Davide King!
Thank you for your consideration. We hope to see you around!
Sent by Zippybonzo using MediaWiki message delivery ( talk) at 10:30, 16 July 2023 (UTC)
An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Deutsche Reichspartei, you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page DRP.
( Opt-out instructions.) -- DPL bot ( talk) 06:01, 17 July 2023 (UTC)
This may sound like an ask, but if you have time, do you think you could move the ideologies into their own section? ValenciaThunderbolt ( talk) 17:32, 21 July 2023 (UTC)
I mean, can you, for a moment, take the time to stop pressing the "edit" + "publish" buttons and read something of what I am telling you? You keep bashing your head against the wall of issues that were already solved both in GA reviews and in long discussions on formatting and manual of style through a wide number of articles, yet you keep enforcing (at many times incorrect) edits for no reason! (You mention policies that don't actually support your claims). Impru20 talk 22:55, 30 July 2023 (UTC)
The redirect Neo-communism has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Anyone, including you, is welcome to comment on this redirect at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2023 August 1 § Neo-communism until a consensus is reached. GnocchiFan ( talk) 16:55, 1 August 2023 (UTC)
Hello, I'm Qwerfjkl (bot). I have automatically detected that this edit performed by you, on the page Aldo Moro, may have introduced referencing errors. They are as follows:
Please check this page and fix the errors highlighted. If you think this is a false positive, you can report it to my operator. Thanks, Qwerfjkl (bot) ( talk) 16:27, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
Hello, I'm Qwerfjkl (bot). I have automatically detected that this edit performed by you, on the page Red Brigades, may have introduced referencing errors. They are as follows:
Please check this page and fix the errors highlighted. If you think this is a false positive, you can report it to my operator. Thanks, Qwerfjkl (bot) ( talk) 16:28, 7 August 2023 (UTC)
The article about Javier Milei is experiencing vandalism by political activists, and in particular by user Uniru288 as of 2023-08-15. Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Javier_Milei&action=history. As you (Davide King) are actively moderating it, and in a non-biased way, this should be discussed.
The article as a whole is quite misleading, and does not highlight his political views, but rather highlighting out of context misrepresentations. It is filled with political bias, and should remain neutral, free from slander, and provide a balanced point of view. You further claim that citations from media with a political bias are reliable secondary sources about a political figure they disagree with. Then you claim that primary sources must be used with care.
Lets make sure we understand each other.
According to Wikipedia guidelines, primary sources are encouraged for citations, especially when making direct quotations, which the article is full of. Secondary sources does not mean "good" or "reliable", it depends what type of source it is. Political opposition is not a reliable source for a political article. Media outlets are typically referencing other media articles, so the original article should be used, which is in most cases from Argentinian media. This can not be used as factual information, and represented as such. It is not a problem to include references from media, the problem is to claim these being factual, and without providing any trustworthy reference. /info/en/?search=Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_primary_sources
Please note that the article makes claims that in many cases are both incorrect and misleading. Lets list a short sample. E.g.,
"Milei is a follower of the ex-Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro and the ex-United States president Donald Trump.[59]"
This is false, Milei does not have any political or personal affiliation with either, and has explicitly stated a neutral point of view towards them. He is in general positive towards politicians that are anti-communist, but its misleading to expand this claim that he is a follower of Trump or Bolsonaro.
"Several of Milei's political positions have caused controversy,[21] such as ... the rejection of sexual education in schools,[23]" "He relies on Cultural Marxism to oppose ... sexual education in schools;[23] he compared public education to brainwashing.[70]"
This is a misrepresentation. His claim is that certain classes in education is being used for indoctrination of political ideology. There are numerous reports of that from parents etc, and is not a conspiracy theory. I can provide sources if you think its necessary.
Labels such as "far-right", "right-wing", "populist", "ultraconservative" etc does not belong in a Wikipedia article as fact. These are non-descriptive labels used as slander, and does not provide a neutral description of actual viewpoints. At best this can be cited as a reference, stating who are using such labels.
— Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.69.198.165 ( talk) 19:31, 15 August 2023 (UTC)
Thanks for your review/edit of the article. The flow is better now and your updates of the wikilinks quite useful. - DonCalo ( talk) 17:10, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
Ref this
This edit is actually not supported in the sources. The sources referenced do not state leftist organizations, but "communist" or "extreme left". Can you explain? 193.69.198.165 ( talk) 21:46, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
How do I add the "This is a Wikipedia user page. […] Be aware that the page may be outdated and that the user whom this page is about may have no personal affiliation with any site other than Wikipedia. The original page is located at […]" template to my user page(s)?
Also, thanks for thanking me on that one edit.
Rava77 (
talk) 10:28, 27 August 2023 (UTC)
@ Davide King After the discussion made on Javier Milei talk page, I added clarifications on the libertarianism article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Libertarianism&diff=prev&oldid=1173262285 93.45.229.98 ( talk) 09:32, 1 September 2023 (UTC)
There is currently a discussion at Wikipedia:Neutral point of view/Noticeboard regarding an issue with which you may have been involved. The discussion is about the topic Javier Milei. Thank you. Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 14:14, 2 September 2023 (UTC)
~~~~ Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 13:56, 6 September 2023 (UTC)
~~~~ Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 12:24, 7 September 2023 (UTC)
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Andrea and Gianni Agnelli Juve Ajax 1996.jpg, has been listed at Wikipedia:Files for discussion. Please see the discussion to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. — Ирука 13 14:48, 17 September 2023 (UTC)
On 27 September 2023, In the news was updated with an item that involved the article Giorgio Napolitano, which you updated. If you know of another recently created or updated article suitable for inclusion in ITN, please suggest it on the candidates page. Ed [talk] [OMT] 05:06, 27 September 2023 (UTC)
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Edoardo Agnelli (Turin, circa 1990).jpg, has been listed at Wikipedia:Files for discussion. Please see the discussion to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. — Ирука 13 14:58, 27 September 2023 (UTC)
I've been gaslit so much lately after having to defend my removal of a blogspot link promoting the butcher of riga ( Herberts Cukurs) and Mark Weber it's just so good to know that there are sane people who don't think I'm imagining things and agree to basic things like Mark Weber and Herberts Cukurs are the bad guys. It's good to see that at least English Wikipedia editors take Holocaust denialism seriously and oppose it strongly. I never expected to be in this huge battle and was absolutely shocked than anyone on Wikipedia would persistently defend Cukurs and the blog with Webers stuff but it is so good to see other people on Wikipedia standing up to the Nazis and Holocaust deniers instead of praising them.-- QazyQazyQazaqstan ( talk) 16:52, 15 October 2023 (UTC)
The redirect Digital wealth has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Anyone, including you, is welcome to comment on this redirect at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2023 November 7 § Digital wealth until a consensus is reached. - CHAMPION ( talk) ( contributions) ( logs) 05:15, 7 November 2023 (UTC)
The Copyeditor's Barnstar | |
Thank you for edits to Palestinian law. Bearian ( talk) 15:13, 13 November 2023 (UTC) |
Ciao Davide King
Impressed with the contributions you are making & wondered whether you could review Michael Mainelli who became Lord Mayor of London this week. The article about him in Italian Wiki remains a Bozza. Oughtn't this be released now that he is Lord Mayor?
Grazie mille.
Primm1234 ( talk) 17:03, 17 November 2023 (UTC)
Check this out, if you haven't seen it: [5]. Marokwitz ( talk) 14:48, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
I see that you've already received three copyeditor's barnstars recently, so I'll spare you another one. Just wanted to thank you for the work you've done on the article about syndicalism! :D -- Grnrchst ( talk) 17:16, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
I assume your edit on Jackson Hinkle was done without much thought, and that’s okay I’m not offended. I’ve certainly edited articles without too much thought and have been wrong in the past.
But if Wikipedia has an ideology labeled as “left and far left” in the article, any individuals who are labeled as “right wing communists” need to be relabeled, or the communism article needs to be changed. It’s a matter of consistency. Sources written by those who are not political science experts are not valid arguments to the contrary. Nate Rybner 18:23, 24 November 2023 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Naterybner ( talk • contribs)
"But what's interesting about the 'MAGA Communism' phrase is that it doesn't necessarily mean communism in the literal sense of, say, demanding collective ownership. I think it's meant to be a kind of cultural invocation—a defense from that which the elites want you to believe. It suggests something about how people's political moorings are unsettled, and the search to find new bearings."So there is no contradiction. Davide King ( talk) 21:45, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
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Just letting you know that I moved Javier Milei 2023 presidential campaign to Javier Milei 2023 presidential campaign because I thought it would be more WP:CONSISTENT with other presidential campaign articles such as Donald Trump 2016 presidential campaign, Vladimir Putin 2018 presidential campaign, and others. If you have a problem with the new title, you are always free to revert me if you wish. The Night Watch (talk) 15:31, 28 November 2023 (UTC)
The redirect Fictional history has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Anyone, including you, is welcome to comment on this redirect at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2023 December 7 § Fictional history until a consensus is reached. ᴢxᴄᴠʙɴᴍ ( ᴛ) 04:46, 7 December 2023 (UTC)
The article will be discussed at Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Controversies involving Javier Milei until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.
Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished.Cambalachero ( talk) 19:15, 12 December 2023 (UTC)
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I think I'm getting a better understanding of the problem, and why there is so much disagreement. It seems many editors believe that notable content from reliable sources must be written in Wikivoice, and if the content is not disputed by other reliable sources, then the content should be written as fact. This is not a widely accepted definition of fact outside of Wikipedia, and changes the meaning of Wikipedia policy.
Further, it creates contention, since Wikipedia is now taking a position on contentious topics. The Wikipedia position is essentially the consensus amongst editors, what reliable sources have written about a topic. The result is that Wikipedia is a consensus based opinion source, stating Wikipedia's views factually, and these views are a distillation of the reliable sources used in each article. In most topics this is not a problem, since the consensus is uncontroversial and will not be a common topic of debate in society.
I don't think this works for political content. For most other topics it wouldn't be a problem, but politics are inherently disputed topics. No wonder it causes all this mess?
Some issues arise:
My worry is that these policies, while helpful for general encyclopedic content, becomes very harmful to the public discourse on political topics. E.g. the political polarization going on in the US can not end well, and Wikipedia is right in the middle of it. There is a big risk they will elect Donald Trump as a result of the polarization, not because of his policies. You can compare it to what happened in Argentina, Massa had such an aggressive anti-Milei campaign, it resulted in many people voting for Milei, who otherwise wouldn't have.
I also wonder, now that more and more news and content is shifting away from traditional media, into social media, X/Twitter, Facebook, YouTube etc are becoming the main sources of information. Yet these are not included in Wikipedia at all, but it may be difficult to resolve this problem in a way that works.
Since we are moving so far off-topic in the other discussions, i thought this was more relevant to discuss here, if you had any thoughts on it. Pedantic Aristotle ( talk) 14:59, 18 December 2023 (UTC)
User:A.S. Brown
User talk:A.S. Brown is wishing you
Seasons Greetings! Whether you celebrate your hemisphere's
Solstice or
Xmas,
Eid,
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Festivus or even the
Saturnalia, this is a special time of year for almost everyone!
Spread the holiday cheer by adding {{ subst: User:WereSpielChequers/Dec10/Balloon}} to your friends' talk pages.
Davide King,
Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable
New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia.
Mann Mann (
talk) 04:36, 1 January 2024 (UTC)
Send New Year cheer by adding {{ subst:Happy New Year fireworks}} to user talk pages.
I was about to fetch sources for an article you created ( Sergio Zavoli), when I noticed your intriguing username. Any connection to the opera Davide Re by Amintore Galli? IgnatiusofLondon ( talk) 10:01, 10 January 2024 (UTC)
Your edit to 1997 European Grand Prix has been removed in whole or in part, as it appears to have added copyrighted material to Wikipedia without evidence of permission from the copyright holder. If you are the copyright holder, please read Wikipedia:Donating copyrighted materials for more information on uploading your material to Wikipedia. For legal reasons, Wikipedia cannot accept copyrighted material, including text or images from print publications or from other websites, without an appropriate and verifiable license. All such contributions will be deleted. You may use external websites or publications as a source of information, but not as a source of content, such as sentences or images—you must write using your own words. Wikipedia takes copyright very seriously, and persistent violators of our copyright policy will be blocked from editing. See Wikipedia:Copying text from other sources for more information. — Diannaa ( talk) 14:56, 12 February 2024 (UTC)
You know well that unsourced edits are reverted, Egeymi ( talk) 12:18, 30 March 2024 (UTC)
The redirect Bader–Ofer method has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Anyone, including you, is welcome to comment on this redirect at Wikipedia:Redirects for discussion/Log/2024 April 18 § Bader–Ofer method until a consensus is reached. * Pppery * it has begun... 19:31, 18 April 2024 (UTC)