These are the selected anniversaries for June that appear on the
Anarchism portal. The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
June 1
1873 - Albert Laisant born (1873-1928). Son of
Charles Ange Laisant (1841-1920). Introduced to anarchist ideas by
Sébastien Faure, Albert turns the whole family into anarchists, including his father & his two sons, Maurice & Charles. Also devoted to freemasonry.
1929 - At a meeting in
Peking of the KAFC (Korean Anarchist Federation in China) it is decided to divert all resources outside
Korea itself to
Manchuria & most KAFC members moved to the anarchist zone, the
Shinmin region in northern Manchuria.
1906 - After having attempted to kill
Alfonso XIII of Spain at his wedding, Catalan anarchist
Mateu Morral (pictured) killed the guard transporting him to prison, and then committed suicide.
1876 - Christo Botev (Khristo Bôtef) (1848-1876) dies. Bulgarian poet & revolutionist, propagandist, writer; first Bulgarian anarchist. Leads a partisan army of 200 fighters into
Bulgaria to overthrow
Ottoman rule. Dies in battle.
1890 -
Louise Michel's political opponents attempt to place her in an insane asylum. Michel flees to
England.
1919 - Anarchists influenced by
Luigi Galleani carry out a series of coordinated bombings across the eastern United States. Explosions also damage the homes of Attorney General
Alexander Mitchell Palmer & Assistant Secretary of the Navy
Franklin D. Roosevelt; the bomber is killed in the process.
1919 -
Luigi Bertoni &
Italian anarchists, implicated in the "
Plot of Zurich", appear in a
Swiss court today, after being held in detention the previous 13 months. The so-called "plot" was a political pretext to arrest Bertoni, publisher of "Le Réveil communiste anarchiste", & others opposing
World War I. A nationwide protest movement agitated for their release.
1925 -
Gueorgui Cheitanov dies (1896 &ndash 1925). Anarchist militant captured & executed, along with his companion
Mariola Sirakova & others, by the
Aleksandar Tsankov led government during a crackdown on leftists following a Communist bombing in
Sofia.
1991 - Procession in
Sofia to the monument of
Christo Botev, the first Bulgarian anarchist & national hero, who perished in the struggle for liberation of Bulgaria from Turkish power today in 1876 (noted above).
1921 - In the
Sacco & Vanzetti case, after several days of voir dire, only seven jurors have been selected & the entire panel of 500 people exhausted. The Court directs the Sheriff to bring in 200 more potential jurors.
1967 -
René-Louis Lafforgue dies (1928-1967) in a car accident in southern France. Singer, typesetter, interpreter, anarchist.
2005 -
Mary Frohman dies, of a heart attack while waiting for a bus. Anarchist, member of the
Industrial Workers of the World, druggie, singer & guitarist, part of the DeHorn Crew (the Chicago IWW's house band & a filk outfit -- "Run, Cthulhu, Run"), perhaps the fortune-telling character Mama Sutra in the comic cult novel
Illuminatus!.
1848 - During this month
Mikhail Bakunin participates in
Slav Congress in
Czechoslovakia, where he speaks & presents papers; he also participates in the
Whitsuntide insurrection here. Also during this month,
Karl Marx publishes a false report that Bakunin is a Russian agent responsible for the arrest of
Poles.
1850 - During this month Mikhail Bakunin's death sentence is commuted to life imprisonment in
Germany. Extradited to
Austria, he is imprisoned in
Prague. (He was condemned to death on January 14, 1850 while held in the
Königstein fortress.)
1861 - During this month Mikhail Bakunin escapes from
Siberia (today or tomorrow), via the
Amur River, arriving in
Nikolavsk in July; he sails on the Strelok to
Kastri where he boards an American merchant ship, Vickery, to
Hakodate, Japan.
1917 - On the eve of the official military registration day,
Emma Goldman, among others, addresses a mass meeting organized by the
No-Conscription League.
1873 - Proclamation of the
First Spanish Republic.
Francisco Pi y Margall (pictured) assumes Presidency. Advocates Federalist program inspired by
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, becoming popular among Spanish anarchists.
Andalusia & several cities in the southeast establish a libertarian federalism. Pi y Margall is promptly overthrown by Monarchist forces. The town of
Carthagène resists a government takeover for several months.
1919 - 67 anarchists are arrested & face deportation in the wake of a bomb explosion marking the beginning of the
Palmer raids in the USA.
1951 - The
Japanese Anarchist Federation reconstituted this month. Simultaneously, the anarchist communists set up the Japan Anarchist Club (Nihon Anakisuto Kurabu).
1897 -
Arnaldo Simões Januário born,
Portugal. Anarcho-syndicalist militant. Arrested & sent to various concentration camps (Angola, the Azores, Cap Verde & Timor).
1911 - The Mexican government requests and receives US permission to send troops from
Chihuahua to
Baja California through US territory to invade autonomous communities founded by Mexican anarchist insurgents.
1896 - A
bomb explodes during a
religious parade in
Spain, killing a dozen people & wounding 30. The Spanish government begins a wave of anti-anarchist repression, arrest, and torture.
1898 - In
Chicago,
Emma Goldman attends the first convention of
Eugene Debs's
Social Democracy movement; in her view it is a "fiasco." When she is at first prevented from speaking at the event, Debs personally invites the anarchist-feminist to address the convention.
1914 -
Emma Goldman finishes lectures in
Los Angeles (May 15-June 11) delivering anarchist propaganda & modern drama lectures, which includes discussion of
Irish playwright
Seumas O'Kelly.
1920 - Bartolemo Vanzetti is indicted for the Bridgewater hold-up. (See 1888 above.)
1897 - Argentina: Protesta Humana established. Began after El Perseguido folded (
1888 until January 31, 1897; the first of the rapidly developing active & numerous anarchist presses). "Protesta Humana" is followed by the (daily) Protesta (April 5, 1904).
1909 - Spain: Congress of the labor federation
Solidaridad Obrera votes overwhelmingly to accept the general strike tactic, "depending upon circumstances."
1910 - In Paris, confrontations take place at
Faubourg Saint-Anthony between cabinetmakers & police. The anarchist
Henri Cler is wounded & dies. Cler's funeral at the
Pantin cemetery draws tens of thousands of people, and is the scene of new police violence.
1865 -
Bernard Lazare (pictured) born. Author, journalist, anarchist, defender of
Dreyfus. Collaborated on the journals Les entretiens politiques et littéraires & Temps nouveaux.
1914 - Emma Goldman lectures (June 14-July 10) in
San Francisco, California. Her reception is disappointing compared to her experience in
Los Angeles. She speaks on "The Intellectual Proletarians," "The Superman in Relation to the Social Revolution," "The Mothers' Strike," & "Anti-Militarism: The Reply to War."
1914 - Italy: A General Strike is broken by the treason of the Socialists & their trade union, bringing an ignominious end to "
The Red Week of Ancône."
Errico Malatesta, escaping the police, is forced again to flee into exile, to
London.
1914 - First session of the anarchist conference in
São Paulo. Five sessions were convened in total, preparing for an anarchist Congress in London, which was cancelled due to World War I.
1968 -
Henriette Maîtrejean dies. French individualist anarchist. Companion to the anarchist
Mauricius (Maurice Vandamme), &
Victor Serge (Kibaltchiche), arrested with Serge & tried Feb 3-27, 1913 for her involvement with the
Bonnot Gang (she was acquitted). She wrote for many anarchist publications, such as La Revue Anarchiste,La défense de l'homme & La liberté (founded by
Louis Lecoin in 1959).
1896 -
Gérard Duvergé lives (also known as Fred Durtain, Chevalier à Monségur), (Gironde). Libertarian teacher, anarchist & antifascist resistor.
1900 - Premiere issue of Le Réveil des Travailleurs (The Worker's Alarm Clock; semi-monthly, then weekly until April 1903) in
Liège. Among those who ran the paper was the Belgian anarchist
George Thonar.
1918 -
Jules Durand, sentenced to death in
November1910, a victim of corrupt witnesses & vilification by the local press for a crime he did not commit, is found innocent in a new trial.
1919 - Founding of the
Federation of Anarchist Communists of Bulgaria (F.A.C.B.), in
Sofia, June 15-17th. Federation members included
Ivan Nicolov, one of its most popular speakers & polemicists, &
Gueorgui Cheitanov, a popular speaker & guerrilla. (Both were murdered by the fascist government in 1925.) The Federation published the theoretical review, Free Society.
1920 -
Liberto Sarrau Royes (1920-2001) born, in the province of
Huesca. His father,
Antonio Sarrau (1893-1939), was a miner & a member of the anarcho-syndicalist CNT. Liberto was a writer, member of the
Juventudes Libertarias (JJLL), & the
Durruti Column. In 1946 Liberto, a member of the antifascist resistance movement in Barcelona, & his compañera Joaquina Dorado, met Raúl Carballeira, & the three were part of the group 3 de Mayo. Arrested in 1948, tortured & sent to prison.
1917 - Emma Goldman &
Alexander Berkman plead not guilty on conspiracy charges; bail set at $25,000 each. Emma Goldman disappointed by
Ben Reitman's failure to return to
New York to support their pending trial.
1923 -
Kurt Gustav Wilckens is shot in his cell by a prison guard, a rightwing fanatic. He dies the next day and, despite government attempts to cover up the crime, a nationwide
General Strike is called in protest.
1929 -
Ronald Creagh (May 1968-2023) born. French historian of the American anarchist movement. Professor at l'université de Montpellier, author of Histoire de l'anarchisme aux USA (1981), Laboratoires de l'utopie, les communautés libertaires aux Etats Unis (1983), Sacco et Vanzetti (1984), etc. Also moderates the Internet "Research on Anarchism" discussion list.
1937 - Spain: Members of the
POUM Executive Committee & foreign activists are rounded up. The POUM is proscribed & its militants persecuted by the Stalinists & the Republic's police.
Ethel MacDonald visited comrades in prison, smuggling in food & letters. She helped several foreign anarchists escape from Spain, borrowing clothes for their disguise & getting them on board foreign ships. She was finally captured & imprisoned herself. In prison she helped organize a hunger strike in every prison where there were anarchist prisoners.
1969 -
Marie Mayoux (1878-1969) dies (aka Joséphine Bourgon). French teacher, militant syndicalist, pacifist & anarchiste.
1923 -
Kurt Wilckens (b. 1886) dies after being shot in his prison cell by a rightwing guard a day prior.
1932 -
Angelo Sbardellotto (b. 1907), is executed at 5:45 am by firing squad, having admitted to the Tribunal Spécial (fasciste) his plan to assassinate
Benito Mussolini.
1997 - Cops raid anarchist centers & homes across Italy. The
Italian Anarchist Federation denounced the raids as a thinly veiled attempt to intimidate & criminalize the movement.
1925 -
Vassil Ikonomov dies. Tracked down by the army & paramilitary groups, the anarchist revolutionary guerilla Ikonomov is killed under mysterious circumstances today while bathing in a river close to the village of
Belitsa,
Bulgaria.
1926 - Original date for the
União Anarquista Portuguesa (UAP; Portuguese Anarchist Union) congress. Scheduled today in
Lisbon, the right wing coup on May 28 forces postponing the congress for a year & moving it outside of Portugal. (It secretly convenes in July 1927 in
Valencia,
Spain.)
1917 -
Emma Goldman freed on $25,000 bail for her anti-war agitation; the press spreads charges that the anarchist's bail was provided by the German
Kaiser.
Alexander Berkman is released on bail June 25.
1883 -
Louise Michel, arrested March 9th (when several bakeries were plundered during a popular demontration), is today sentenced to six years réclusion (prison), along with 10 years of monitoring by haute-police.
1919 - Following an attack on the house of Attorney General
Palmer on June 2, 1919, the Italian anarchist
Luigi Galleani & collaborators on the newspaper Cronaca Sovversiva are expelled from the United States.
1916 - Clandestine meeting of the Council general of the militant
Unione Sindacale Italiana (USI; anarcho-syndicalist labor union) in
Florence,
Italy, June 25, 26 & 27. The government has outlawed all opposition to
WWI. The Council, meeting , reaffirms its opposition to the war.
1926 - In Paris, three Spanish anarchists are arrested, accused of preparing to assassinate
Alphonse XII:
Ascaso,
Durruti &
Jover.
Louis Lecoin mounts a major protest campaign to prevent their extradition; gains their release in July of 1927.
1886 -
Charles Gallo, hauled to court for sentencing for his attack of March 5, 1886 on the Stock Exchange, is expelled from the courtroom shouting "Death to bourgeois judges! Long live dynamite! Long live anarchy!" On July 15 Gallo receives a 20-year prison sentence.
1910 - In Paris, at the
Pantin cemetery, funeral ceremonies are held for the anarchist
Henri Cler (killed during a series of confrontations between police and striking cabinetmakers on June 13) — marked by violence, once again, by a mass of police attempting to disperse the thousands of people present.
1937 - Showing solidarity with
POUM militants being persecuted by the Stalinists and the Republic's police, the Bolshevik-Leninist Section calls for concerted action by the Section, the left of the POUM & the anarchist
Friends of Durruti.
1966 - Article by
Kenneth Rexroth, San Francisco's Culture & the Drift to the Right, published.
1991 - The
Anarchist Youth Federation (F.A.M.) pickets at Bulgarian DS (State Security) for the release of Radionov & Nuznetzov, two young Russian anarchists who were arrested in
Moscow in February.
1917 - Emma Goldman &
Alexander Berkman act as independent counsel in their conspiracy trial for anti-war activities; Emma denies charge that she stated, "We believe in violence & we will use violence" at a May 18 meeting.
1925 - Emma Goldman marries
James Colton, an elderly anarchist friend & trade unionist from Wales, in order to obtain British citizenship & the right to travel & speak more widely.
1840 -
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's What Is Property? is published. Proudhon becomes history's first anarchist, and the political philosophy of Anarchism is founded. (pictured)
1920 - Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman travel to
Moscow to collect permits necessary for their museum expedition through Russia to gather historical material.
1998 - A group of 100 people manages to enter the buildings of the
Constitutional Council of France. One of them seizes an original specimen of the constitution, tears it, declaring: "The dictatorship of capitalism is abolished. The workers declare
anarchist communism."
These are the selected anniversaries for June that appear on the
Anarchism portal. The "edit" links edit the portal subpages that are displayed as sections here.
June 1
1873 - Albert Laisant born (1873-1928). Son of
Charles Ange Laisant (1841-1920). Introduced to anarchist ideas by
Sébastien Faure, Albert turns the whole family into anarchists, including his father & his two sons, Maurice & Charles. Also devoted to freemasonry.
1929 - At a meeting in
Peking of the KAFC (Korean Anarchist Federation in China) it is decided to divert all resources outside
Korea itself to
Manchuria & most KAFC members moved to the anarchist zone, the
Shinmin region in northern Manchuria.
1906 - After having attempted to kill
Alfonso XIII of Spain at his wedding, Catalan anarchist
Mateu Morral (pictured) killed the guard transporting him to prison, and then committed suicide.
1876 - Christo Botev (Khristo Bôtef) (1848-1876) dies. Bulgarian poet & revolutionist, propagandist, writer; first Bulgarian anarchist. Leads a partisan army of 200 fighters into
Bulgaria to overthrow
Ottoman rule. Dies in battle.
1890 -
Louise Michel's political opponents attempt to place her in an insane asylum. Michel flees to
England.
1919 - Anarchists influenced by
Luigi Galleani carry out a series of coordinated bombings across the eastern United States. Explosions also damage the homes of Attorney General
Alexander Mitchell Palmer & Assistant Secretary of the Navy
Franklin D. Roosevelt; the bomber is killed in the process.
1919 -
Luigi Bertoni &
Italian anarchists, implicated in the "
Plot of Zurich", appear in a
Swiss court today, after being held in detention the previous 13 months. The so-called "plot" was a political pretext to arrest Bertoni, publisher of "Le Réveil communiste anarchiste", & others opposing
World War I. A nationwide protest movement agitated for their release.
1925 -
Gueorgui Cheitanov dies (1896 &ndash 1925). Anarchist militant captured & executed, along with his companion
Mariola Sirakova & others, by the
Aleksandar Tsankov led government during a crackdown on leftists following a Communist bombing in
Sofia.
1991 - Procession in
Sofia to the monument of
Christo Botev, the first Bulgarian anarchist & national hero, who perished in the struggle for liberation of Bulgaria from Turkish power today in 1876 (noted above).
1921 - In the
Sacco & Vanzetti case, after several days of voir dire, only seven jurors have been selected & the entire panel of 500 people exhausted. The Court directs the Sheriff to bring in 200 more potential jurors.
1967 -
René-Louis Lafforgue dies (1928-1967) in a car accident in southern France. Singer, typesetter, interpreter, anarchist.
2005 -
Mary Frohman dies, of a heart attack while waiting for a bus. Anarchist, member of the
Industrial Workers of the World, druggie, singer & guitarist, part of the DeHorn Crew (the Chicago IWW's house band & a filk outfit -- "Run, Cthulhu, Run"), perhaps the fortune-telling character Mama Sutra in the comic cult novel
Illuminatus!.
1848 - During this month
Mikhail Bakunin participates in
Slav Congress in
Czechoslovakia, where he speaks & presents papers; he also participates in the
Whitsuntide insurrection here. Also during this month,
Karl Marx publishes a false report that Bakunin is a Russian agent responsible for the arrest of
Poles.
1850 - During this month Mikhail Bakunin's death sentence is commuted to life imprisonment in
Germany. Extradited to
Austria, he is imprisoned in
Prague. (He was condemned to death on January 14, 1850 while held in the
Königstein fortress.)
1861 - During this month Mikhail Bakunin escapes from
Siberia (today or tomorrow), via the
Amur River, arriving in
Nikolavsk in July; he sails on the Strelok to
Kastri where he boards an American merchant ship, Vickery, to
Hakodate, Japan.
1917 - On the eve of the official military registration day,
Emma Goldman, among others, addresses a mass meeting organized by the
No-Conscription League.
1873 - Proclamation of the
First Spanish Republic.
Francisco Pi y Margall (pictured) assumes Presidency. Advocates Federalist program inspired by
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, becoming popular among Spanish anarchists.
Andalusia & several cities in the southeast establish a libertarian federalism. Pi y Margall is promptly overthrown by Monarchist forces. The town of
Carthagène resists a government takeover for several months.
1919 - 67 anarchists are arrested & face deportation in the wake of a bomb explosion marking the beginning of the
Palmer raids in the USA.
1951 - The
Japanese Anarchist Federation reconstituted this month. Simultaneously, the anarchist communists set up the Japan Anarchist Club (Nihon Anakisuto Kurabu).
1897 -
Arnaldo Simões Januário born,
Portugal. Anarcho-syndicalist militant. Arrested & sent to various concentration camps (Angola, the Azores, Cap Verde & Timor).
1911 - The Mexican government requests and receives US permission to send troops from
Chihuahua to
Baja California through US territory to invade autonomous communities founded by Mexican anarchist insurgents.
1896 - A
bomb explodes during a
religious parade in
Spain, killing a dozen people & wounding 30. The Spanish government begins a wave of anti-anarchist repression, arrest, and torture.
1898 - In
Chicago,
Emma Goldman attends the first convention of
Eugene Debs's
Social Democracy movement; in her view it is a "fiasco." When she is at first prevented from speaking at the event, Debs personally invites the anarchist-feminist to address the convention.
1914 -
Emma Goldman finishes lectures in
Los Angeles (May 15-June 11) delivering anarchist propaganda & modern drama lectures, which includes discussion of
Irish playwright
Seumas O'Kelly.
1920 - Bartolemo Vanzetti is indicted for the Bridgewater hold-up. (See 1888 above.)
1897 - Argentina: Protesta Humana established. Began after El Perseguido folded (
1888 until January 31, 1897; the first of the rapidly developing active & numerous anarchist presses). "Protesta Humana" is followed by the (daily) Protesta (April 5, 1904).
1909 - Spain: Congress of the labor federation
Solidaridad Obrera votes overwhelmingly to accept the general strike tactic, "depending upon circumstances."
1910 - In Paris, confrontations take place at
Faubourg Saint-Anthony between cabinetmakers & police. The anarchist
Henri Cler is wounded & dies. Cler's funeral at the
Pantin cemetery draws tens of thousands of people, and is the scene of new police violence.
1865 -
Bernard Lazare (pictured) born. Author, journalist, anarchist, defender of
Dreyfus. Collaborated on the journals Les entretiens politiques et littéraires & Temps nouveaux.
1914 - Emma Goldman lectures (June 14-July 10) in
San Francisco, California. Her reception is disappointing compared to her experience in
Los Angeles. She speaks on "The Intellectual Proletarians," "The Superman in Relation to the Social Revolution," "The Mothers' Strike," & "Anti-Militarism: The Reply to War."
1914 - Italy: A General Strike is broken by the treason of the Socialists & their trade union, bringing an ignominious end to "
The Red Week of Ancône."
Errico Malatesta, escaping the police, is forced again to flee into exile, to
London.
1914 - First session of the anarchist conference in
São Paulo. Five sessions were convened in total, preparing for an anarchist Congress in London, which was cancelled due to World War I.
1968 -
Henriette Maîtrejean dies. French individualist anarchist. Companion to the anarchist
Mauricius (Maurice Vandamme), &
Victor Serge (Kibaltchiche), arrested with Serge & tried Feb 3-27, 1913 for her involvement with the
Bonnot Gang (she was acquitted). She wrote for many anarchist publications, such as La Revue Anarchiste,La défense de l'homme & La liberté (founded by
Louis Lecoin in 1959).
1896 -
Gérard Duvergé lives (also known as Fred Durtain, Chevalier à Monségur), (Gironde). Libertarian teacher, anarchist & antifascist resistor.
1900 - Premiere issue of Le Réveil des Travailleurs (The Worker's Alarm Clock; semi-monthly, then weekly until April 1903) in
Liège. Among those who ran the paper was the Belgian anarchist
George Thonar.
1918 -
Jules Durand, sentenced to death in
November1910, a victim of corrupt witnesses & vilification by the local press for a crime he did not commit, is found innocent in a new trial.
1919 - Founding of the
Federation of Anarchist Communists of Bulgaria (F.A.C.B.), in
Sofia, June 15-17th. Federation members included
Ivan Nicolov, one of its most popular speakers & polemicists, &
Gueorgui Cheitanov, a popular speaker & guerrilla. (Both were murdered by the fascist government in 1925.) The Federation published the theoretical review, Free Society.
1920 -
Liberto Sarrau Royes (1920-2001) born, in the province of
Huesca. His father,
Antonio Sarrau (1893-1939), was a miner & a member of the anarcho-syndicalist CNT. Liberto was a writer, member of the
Juventudes Libertarias (JJLL), & the
Durruti Column. In 1946 Liberto, a member of the antifascist resistance movement in Barcelona, & his compañera Joaquina Dorado, met Raúl Carballeira, & the three were part of the group 3 de Mayo. Arrested in 1948, tortured & sent to prison.
1917 - Emma Goldman &
Alexander Berkman plead not guilty on conspiracy charges; bail set at $25,000 each. Emma Goldman disappointed by
Ben Reitman's failure to return to
New York to support their pending trial.
1923 -
Kurt Gustav Wilckens is shot in his cell by a prison guard, a rightwing fanatic. He dies the next day and, despite government attempts to cover up the crime, a nationwide
General Strike is called in protest.
1929 -
Ronald Creagh (May 1968-2023) born. French historian of the American anarchist movement. Professor at l'université de Montpellier, author of Histoire de l'anarchisme aux USA (1981), Laboratoires de l'utopie, les communautés libertaires aux Etats Unis (1983), Sacco et Vanzetti (1984), etc. Also moderates the Internet "Research on Anarchism" discussion list.
1937 - Spain: Members of the
POUM Executive Committee & foreign activists are rounded up. The POUM is proscribed & its militants persecuted by the Stalinists & the Republic's police.
Ethel MacDonald visited comrades in prison, smuggling in food & letters. She helped several foreign anarchists escape from Spain, borrowing clothes for their disguise & getting them on board foreign ships. She was finally captured & imprisoned herself. In prison she helped organize a hunger strike in every prison where there were anarchist prisoners.
1969 -
Marie Mayoux (1878-1969) dies (aka Joséphine Bourgon). French teacher, militant syndicalist, pacifist & anarchiste.
1923 -
Kurt Wilckens (b. 1886) dies after being shot in his prison cell by a rightwing guard a day prior.
1932 -
Angelo Sbardellotto (b. 1907), is executed at 5:45 am by firing squad, having admitted to the Tribunal Spécial (fasciste) his plan to assassinate
Benito Mussolini.
1997 - Cops raid anarchist centers & homes across Italy. The
Italian Anarchist Federation denounced the raids as a thinly veiled attempt to intimidate & criminalize the movement.
1925 -
Vassil Ikonomov dies. Tracked down by the army & paramilitary groups, the anarchist revolutionary guerilla Ikonomov is killed under mysterious circumstances today while bathing in a river close to the village of
Belitsa,
Bulgaria.
1926 - Original date for the
União Anarquista Portuguesa (UAP; Portuguese Anarchist Union) congress. Scheduled today in
Lisbon, the right wing coup on May 28 forces postponing the congress for a year & moving it outside of Portugal. (It secretly convenes in July 1927 in
Valencia,
Spain.)
1917 -
Emma Goldman freed on $25,000 bail for her anti-war agitation; the press spreads charges that the anarchist's bail was provided by the German
Kaiser.
Alexander Berkman is released on bail June 25.
1883 -
Louise Michel, arrested March 9th (when several bakeries were plundered during a popular demontration), is today sentenced to six years réclusion (prison), along with 10 years of monitoring by haute-police.
1919 - Following an attack on the house of Attorney General
Palmer on June 2, 1919, the Italian anarchist
Luigi Galleani & collaborators on the newspaper Cronaca Sovversiva are expelled from the United States.
1916 - Clandestine meeting of the Council general of the militant
Unione Sindacale Italiana (USI; anarcho-syndicalist labor union) in
Florence,
Italy, June 25, 26 & 27. The government has outlawed all opposition to
WWI. The Council, meeting , reaffirms its opposition to the war.
1926 - In Paris, three Spanish anarchists are arrested, accused of preparing to assassinate
Alphonse XII:
Ascaso,
Durruti &
Jover.
Louis Lecoin mounts a major protest campaign to prevent their extradition; gains their release in July of 1927.
1886 -
Charles Gallo, hauled to court for sentencing for his attack of March 5, 1886 on the Stock Exchange, is expelled from the courtroom shouting "Death to bourgeois judges! Long live dynamite! Long live anarchy!" On July 15 Gallo receives a 20-year prison sentence.
1910 - In Paris, at the
Pantin cemetery, funeral ceremonies are held for the anarchist
Henri Cler (killed during a series of confrontations between police and striking cabinetmakers on June 13) — marked by violence, once again, by a mass of police attempting to disperse the thousands of people present.
1937 - Showing solidarity with
POUM militants being persecuted by the Stalinists and the Republic's police, the Bolshevik-Leninist Section calls for concerted action by the Section, the left of the POUM & the anarchist
Friends of Durruti.
1966 - Article by
Kenneth Rexroth, San Francisco's Culture & the Drift to the Right, published.
1991 - The
Anarchist Youth Federation (F.A.M.) pickets at Bulgarian DS (State Security) for the release of Radionov & Nuznetzov, two young Russian anarchists who were arrested in
Moscow in February.
1917 - Emma Goldman &
Alexander Berkman act as independent counsel in their conspiracy trial for anti-war activities; Emma denies charge that she stated, "We believe in violence & we will use violence" at a May 18 meeting.
1925 - Emma Goldman marries
James Colton, an elderly anarchist friend & trade unionist from Wales, in order to obtain British citizenship & the right to travel & speak more widely.
1840 -
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon's What Is Property? is published. Proudhon becomes history's first anarchist, and the political philosophy of Anarchism is founded. (pictured)
1920 - Emma Goldman & Alexander Berkman travel to
Moscow to collect permits necessary for their museum expedition through Russia to gather historical material.
1998 - A group of 100 people manages to enter the buildings of the
Constitutional Council of France. One of them seizes an original specimen of the constitution, tears it, declaring: "The dictatorship of capitalism is abolished. The workers declare
anarchist communism."