SLC45A2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aliases | SLC45A2, 1A1, AIM1, MATP, OCA4, SHEP5, solute carrier family 45 member 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 606202; MGI: 2153040; HomoloGene: 9412; GeneCards: SLC45A2; OMA: SLC45A2 - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Membrane-associated transporter protein (MATP), also known as solute carrier family 45 member 2 (SLC45A2) or melanoma antigen AIM1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC45A2 gene. [5] [6] [7]
SLC45A2 is a transporter protein that mediates melanin synthesis. It may regulate the pH of the melanosome, affecting tyrosinase activity. [8] SLC45A2 is also a melanocyte differentiation antigen that is expressed in a high percentage of melanoma cell lines. [9] A similar sequence gene in medaka fish, 'B,' encodes a transporter that mediates melanin synthesis. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [7] Protein expression is localized to the melanosome, and analysis of the by knockdown of RNA expression leads to altered melanosome pH potentially altering tyrosinase function by affecting copper binding. [10]
In melanocytic cell types, the SLC45A2 gene is regulated by microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. [11] [12]
SLC45A2 has been found to play a role in pigmentation in several species. In humans, it has been identified as a factor in the light skin of Europeans and as an ancestry-informative marker (AIM) for distinguishing Sri Lankan from European ancestry. [13] Mutations in the gene have also been identified as the cause of human Type IV oculocutaneous albinism. [14] SLC45A2 is the so-called cream gene responsible in horses for buckskin, palomino and cremello coloration, while a mutation in this gene underlies the white tiger variant. [15] In dogs a mutation to this gene causes white fur, pink skin, and blue eyes. [16]
SLC45A2 was identified as a melanoma tumor-associated antigen with high tumor specificity and reduced potential for autoimmune toxicity, and is currently in clinical development as a target for T-cell based immunotherapy. [17]
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
SLC45A2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aliases | SLC45A2, 1A1, AIM1, MATP, OCA4, SHEP5, solute carrier family 45 member 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 606202; MGI: 2153040; HomoloGene: 9412; GeneCards: SLC45A2; OMA: SLC45A2 - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Membrane-associated transporter protein (MATP), also known as solute carrier family 45 member 2 (SLC45A2) or melanoma antigen AIM1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC45A2 gene. [5] [6] [7]
SLC45A2 is a transporter protein that mediates melanin synthesis. It may regulate the pH of the melanosome, affecting tyrosinase activity. [8] SLC45A2 is also a melanocyte differentiation antigen that is expressed in a high percentage of melanoma cell lines. [9] A similar sequence gene in medaka fish, 'B,' encodes a transporter that mediates melanin synthesis. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [7] Protein expression is localized to the melanosome, and analysis of the by knockdown of RNA expression leads to altered melanosome pH potentially altering tyrosinase function by affecting copper binding. [10]
In melanocytic cell types, the SLC45A2 gene is regulated by microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. [11] [12]
SLC45A2 has been found to play a role in pigmentation in several species. In humans, it has been identified as a factor in the light skin of Europeans and as an ancestry-informative marker (AIM) for distinguishing Sri Lankan from European ancestry. [13] Mutations in the gene have also been identified as the cause of human Type IV oculocutaneous albinism. [14] SLC45A2 is the so-called cream gene responsible in horses for buckskin, palomino and cremello coloration, while a mutation in this gene underlies the white tiger variant. [15] In dogs a mutation to this gene causes white fur, pink skin, and blue eyes. [16]
SLC45A2 was identified as a melanoma tumor-associated antigen with high tumor specificity and reduced potential for autoimmune toxicity, and is currently in clinical development as a target for T-cell based immunotherapy. [17]
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.