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In Mandaeism, the nishimta ( Classical Mandaic: ࡍࡉࡔࡉࡌࡕࡀ nišimta; plural: nišmata) or nishma ( Classical Mandaic: ࡍࡉࡔࡌࡀ nišma) is the human soul. It is can also be considered as equivalent to the " psyche" or " ego". It is distinct from ruha ('spirit'), as well as from mana (' nous'). In Mandaeism, humans are considered to be made up of the physical body (pagra), soul (nišimta), and spirit ( ruha).
When a Mandaean person dies, priests perform elaborate death rituals or death masses called masiqta in order to help guide the soul ( nišimta) towards the World of Light. In order to pass from Tibil (Earth) to the World of Light, the soul must go through multiple maṭarta (watch-stations, toll-stations, or purgatories; see also Arcs of Descent and Ascent and araf (Islam)) before finally being reunited with the dmuta, the soul's heavenly counterpart. [1]
A successful masiqta merges the incarnate soul ( Classical Mandaic: ࡍࡉࡔࡉࡌࡕࡀ nišimta; roughly equivalent to the psyche or " ego" in Greek philosophy) and spirit ( Classical Mandaic: ࡓࡅࡄࡀ ruha; roughly equivalent to the pneuma or "breath" in Greek philosophy) from the Earth ( Tibil) into a new merged entity in the World of Light called the ʿuṣṭuna ('trunk', a word of Indo-Iranian origin [2]: 21 ). The ʿuṣṭuna can then reunite with its heavenly, non-incarnate counterpart (or spiritual image), the dmuta, in the World of Light, where it will reside in the world of ideal counterparts ( Mšunia Kušṭa). [3]
Part of a series on |
Mandaeism |
---|
Religion portal |
In Mandaeism, the nishimta ( Classical Mandaic: ࡍࡉࡔࡉࡌࡕࡀ nišimta; plural: nišmata) or nishma ( Classical Mandaic: ࡍࡉࡔࡌࡀ nišma) is the human soul. It is can also be considered as equivalent to the " psyche" or " ego". It is distinct from ruha ('spirit'), as well as from mana (' nous'). In Mandaeism, humans are considered to be made up of the physical body (pagra), soul (nišimta), and spirit ( ruha).
When a Mandaean person dies, priests perform elaborate death rituals or death masses called masiqta in order to help guide the soul ( nišimta) towards the World of Light. In order to pass from Tibil (Earth) to the World of Light, the soul must go through multiple maṭarta (watch-stations, toll-stations, or purgatories; see also Arcs of Descent and Ascent and araf (Islam)) before finally being reunited with the dmuta, the soul's heavenly counterpart. [1]
A successful masiqta merges the incarnate soul ( Classical Mandaic: ࡍࡉࡔࡉࡌࡕࡀ nišimta; roughly equivalent to the psyche or " ego" in Greek philosophy) and spirit ( Classical Mandaic: ࡓࡅࡄࡀ ruha; roughly equivalent to the pneuma or "breath" in Greek philosophy) from the Earth ( Tibil) into a new merged entity in the World of Light called the ʿuṣṭuna ('trunk', a word of Indo-Iranian origin [2]: 21 ). The ʿuṣṭuna can then reunite with its heavenly, non-incarnate counterpart (or spiritual image), the dmuta, in the World of Light, where it will reside in the world of ideal counterparts ( Mšunia Kušṭa). [3]