The BungkuâTolaki languages (also known as BungkuâMori in older literature[1]) are a group of languages spoken primarily in
South East Sulawesi province, Indonesia, and in neighboring parts of
Central and
South Sulawesi provinces.
Languages
Mead (1998:117) presents the following tree-model classification for BungkuâTolaki. This classification is based on the
historical-comparative method in linguistics.[2]
This classification supersedes Mead (1999), an earlier classification proposed by Mead in 1994.[3] Based on a lexicostatistical comparison, his earlier classification proposed 'Bungku,' 'Mori,' and 'Tolaki' as primary subdivisions under BungkuâTolaki. In view of more recent evidence from shared sound change and innovations in pronoun sets, the unity of the proposed Mori group (comprising Bahonsuai, Mori Bawah, Mori Atas, Padoe and Tomadino) could not be maintained. Additional information can be found at
Mori language.
Phonology
The sound system of all BungkuâTolaki is characterized by a simple five-vowel system and the complete lack of final consonants.[2][4]
Proto-BungkuâTolaki has been reconstructed by Mead (1998).[2]
References
^Noorduyn J. (1991). A Critical Survey of Studies on the Languages of Sulawesi. Leiden: KITLV Press.
^
abcMead, David. 1998. ProtoâBungku-Tolaki: Reconstruction of its phonology and aspects of its morphosyntax . PhD dissertation. Houston: Rice University.
hdl:1911/19290
^Mead, David. 1999. The BungkuâTolaki languages of south-eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Series D-91. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
hdl:1885/146198doi:10.15144/PL-D91
^Mead, David (1996). "The Evidence for Final Consonants in Proto-Bungku-Tolaki". Oceanic Linguistics. 35 (2): 180â194.
doi:
10.2307/3623172.
The BungkuâTolaki languages (also known as BungkuâMori in older literature[1]) are a group of languages spoken primarily in
South East Sulawesi province, Indonesia, and in neighboring parts of
Central and
South Sulawesi provinces.
Languages
Mead (1998:117) presents the following tree-model classification for BungkuâTolaki. This classification is based on the
historical-comparative method in linguistics.[2]
This classification supersedes Mead (1999), an earlier classification proposed by Mead in 1994.[3] Based on a lexicostatistical comparison, his earlier classification proposed 'Bungku,' 'Mori,' and 'Tolaki' as primary subdivisions under BungkuâTolaki. In view of more recent evidence from shared sound change and innovations in pronoun sets, the unity of the proposed Mori group (comprising Bahonsuai, Mori Bawah, Mori Atas, Padoe and Tomadino) could not be maintained. Additional information can be found at
Mori language.
Phonology
The sound system of all BungkuâTolaki is characterized by a simple five-vowel system and the complete lack of final consonants.[2][4]
Proto-BungkuâTolaki has been reconstructed by Mead (1998).[2]
References
^Noorduyn J. (1991). A Critical Survey of Studies on the Languages of Sulawesi. Leiden: KITLV Press.
^
abcMead, David. 1998. ProtoâBungku-Tolaki: Reconstruction of its phonology and aspects of its morphosyntax . PhD dissertation. Houston: Rice University.
hdl:1911/19290
^Mead, David. 1999. The BungkuâTolaki languages of south-eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Series D-91. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics.
hdl:1885/146198doi:10.15144/PL-D91
^Mead, David (1996). "The Evidence for Final Consonants in Proto-Bungku-Tolaki". Oceanic Linguistics. 35 (2): 180â194.
doi:
10.2307/3623172.