Archives are generally grouped by month of Main Page appearance. (Currently, DYK hooks are archived according to the date and time that they were taken off the Main Page.) To find which archive contains the fact that appeared on Did you know, go to article's
talk page and follow the archive link in the DYK talk page message box.
...that the haor located in north-eastern
Bangladesh, is a bowl-shaped
depression with such vast stretches of turbulent water that it is thought of as a
sea during a
monsoon?
...that a silver dish thought to be the
Ancient RomanRisley Park Lanx was on display in the
British Museum for several years before being determined to be a complete fabrication?
...that John Straffen, a triple child-killer who escaped from
Broadmoor, served 55 years in prison becoming the longest-serving prisoner in British history?
...that, after hitting another driver from behind in heavy traffic, screenwriter Jennifer Philbin and her husband
Michael Schur raised
$26,000 for
charity in a retaliation campaign instead of paying $840 to fix the driver's broken bumper?
28 November 2007
22:00, 28 November 2007 (UTC)
...that the 1300 identified Mesoamerican ballcourts used for playing the
Mesoamericanballgame(see drawing) were all built in the same basic shape despite a span of 2700 years?
...that Pundravardhana was a territory, mostly in present-day
Bangladesh, of the Pundras, a group of non-
Aryan people, dating back to
8th-
7th centuries
BC?
...that Frank Rennie joined the
New Zealand Army at age 16, to prove to himself 20 months in hospital hadn't crippled him, and went on to become Colonel?
...that Mahasthangarh(ramparts pictured) is the earliest urban archaeological site so far discovered in
Bangladesh, dating back to at least the 3rd century B.C.?
...that Dutch artist Folke Heybroek's works include
stained glass windows (pictured), iron and concrete sculptures, paintings, and textile designs, decorating about 70 public spaces in Sweden?
...that in the 1659 English play The English Moor, noted for its use of
blackface make-up, one main character implies that Blacks and Whites are created equal by God?
...that Project Lauren is the codename for an unannounced British airline that will provide service between the U.S. and continental Europe, bypassing the U.K., and that aircraft have already been acquired?
...that June Bride, filmed with two versions of a dialog naming the candidates to the 1948 U.S presidency, opened in theaters with the wrong future president?
...that although
Adam Freeland has said that his 2003 song We Want Your Soul is about "the destructive side of consumer culture",
Target tried to license the song for use in a commercial?
...that Emma Cunningham was acquitted of the 1857 murder of her landlord because she falsely claimed to be
pregnant by him, and
Victorian morality prevented doctors from physically examining her?
11:14, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
...that the White House Entrance Hall(pictured) had the President's seal removed from its floor in the early 1950s because
President Truman thought it inappropriate to walk across it?
...that Bertram Fraser-Reid is a Jamaica-born
chemist who founded a non-profit organization to find cures for tropical parasitic diseases like
malaria?
...that the
Champawat tigress and the
Tsavo lions had suffered injuries that disabled them from pursuing their natural prey, leading them to become man-eaters?
...that a stone run(pictured) is a stable and conspicuous rock landform caused by a myriad of freezing-thawing cycles and also called a stone river, stone stream, or stone sea?
...that the Théâtrophone service (1890-1932) allowed the subscribers to listen to opera and theatre performances over the telephone lines?
...that Arthur Segal was prevented from exhibiting his art in
Germany because of his
Jewish background?
...that the massacre in Vinnytsia by the
Soviet secret police
NKVD in the
purges of 1937-1938 was investigated in 1943 during the
German invasion of
Ukraine and used in the propaganda war against the Soviet Union?
...that U.S. activist Kit Bakke went on from being considered a terrorist with a 400-page
FBI file to become a nurse for children with cancer?
...that an Australian chief justice Terence John Higgins dismissed a defamation case alleging "lazy journalism" against an Australian journalist even though he found that the claim wasn't true?
...that John Gouriet organised the "Operation Pony Express" in 1977, where 100,000 films from the strikebound
Grunwick laboratory were posted across the
United Kingdom, getting around the refusal of the local postal workers to handle them?
...that one of the first known instances of a composer specifically calling for the use of a bass violin, the predecessor of the modern
cello, was in the opera Orfeo by
Claudio Monteverdi?
...that the Carlsberg papyrus is the most complete of the ancient Egyptian
medical papyri, containing substantial amounts of artifacts of the original papyrus?
...that the forthcoming television adaptation of the
BBC Radio 2 sitcom Teenage Kicks, originally for
BBC Two, has been taken over by
ITV?
...that a report by the Judicial Commission of New South Wales almost led to a New South Wales judge being removed from office because of the time delays in giving decisions?
...that 18th century English
obstetricianThomas Denman(pictured) was an early advocate for
inducingprematurelabour in cases involving a narrow pelvis or other conditions which endanger the mother's life?
...that Spencer Campbell regretted producing the year-long
fly on the wall series The Living Soap, about students living in a purpose-built house, when some participants started deliberately avoiding the cameras after only a few days?
...that three out of every seventy-seven rainbow runners(pictured) have five
spines in their first dorsal fin, as a result of not being born with the normal six?
...that the Susquehanna and Tidewater Canal, built along the
Susquehanna River in the 1830s, had a wooden bridge with a two-tier
towpath to allow
mules towing cargoboats in opposite directions to cross the river simultaneously without colliding?
...that playwright Sam Thompson's Over the Bridge about
Northern Irishsectarian violence became
Belfast's most-seen play despite a prediction it would "offend and affront every section of the public"?
...that the author of Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography stated he had to go into hiding after receiving threats related to his yet unpublished book?
...that
Nicaraguahas the lowest electricity generation, the lowest percentage of population with access to electricity, and the highest dependence on oil for electricity generation in
Central America?
...that according to
Jainism, the first Purva of ancient knowledge would take a volume of ink equal to an elephant to write, whereas the last would require the ink volume of 213 elephants?
...that Myles Rudge wrote the lyrics to three
Top 10novelty songs in the 1960s, "Hole in the Ground", "Right Said Fred", and "A Windmill in Old Amsterdam"?
...that by providing government assistance to vineyard owners so they could replant and redesign their vineyards, the Flurbereinigung restructuring of the late 20th century had a dramatic impact on the
German wine industry?
...that Greek temples went from small structures of mud and wood (9th century BC) to the classical stone monuments widely known today (6th century BC)?
...that it was
Napoleon Bonaparte who recalled Captain Bruix(pictured), after he was sacked for being a noble, to continue his distinguished naval career?
...that Chen Chi-li, late head of
Taiwan's
United Bamboo Gang, claimed to have killed dissident journalist
Henry Liu out of patriotism, and refused the
$20,000 payout he was offered?
...that during the five years of fighting in the Cabanagem revolt in
Brazil, it is estimated that the population of
Pará was reduced from about 100,000 to 60,000?
...that orange snow fell in February of 2007 in western Siberia?
...that Michael Garcia has introduced legislation to lower the legislative
age of candidacy in
Colorado from 25 to 21 after being himself elected at age 26?
...that the publishers of Hindustan Ghadar are said to have memorised the names of over a thousand of its subscribers to prevent these being known to British Intelligence?
...that research into attitude polarization suggests that when people read research that both supports and contradicts their current views, they come to hold their original attitudes more strongly than before?
...that in 1708 the Bonnington pavilion in
Scotland had a "hall of mirrors" designed to give visitors the illusion that they were standing in the middle of the
Corra Linn?
...that though legend says the mid-way bend in
Pittsburgh's Armstrong Tunnel was a mistake and that the engineer responsible
killed himself in shame, the chief engineer, Vernon R. Covell, did not commit suicide?
...that ANDRILL is a scientific drilling project in
Antarctica to gather information about
global warming over the last 65 million years?
15 November 2007
20:20, 15 November 2007 (UTC)
...that one T206 Honus Wagnerbaseball card(pictured) was sold for
US$500,000 to Treat Entertainment and
Wal-Mart in 1995 for use as the top prize in a promotional contest?
...that despite British
ConservativeMPDenis Keegan winning a
marginal constituency by over 7,000 votes, he ended his political career after one term, preferring to work for the trade association for television shops?
...that turret deck ships incurred lower
canal tolls because
tonnage measurements used to calculate those tolls did not account for the vessels' unique shape?
...that Gal, Bishop of Clermont was known to be so even-tempered that once a man who had insulted him
repented on the spot and threw himself at his feet?
...that Gerard of Lunel became widely venerated after it was reported snakes carried bread to him and his brother while they were trapped by a flood in a cave?
...that the civil rights of
Panama's Chinese minority, today the largest in Central America, were curtailed from 1903 until they received full citizenship under the constitution passed in 1946?
...that despite having only $300,000 to the incumbent's $4 million in campaign funds, Greg Ballard won the 2007 mayoral election in
Indianapolis, one of the biggest electoral upsets in
Indiana history?
...that
global warming has had a positive effect on the Tasmanian wine industry allowing it to grow
grapes more successfully than what would otherwise be possible?
...that the veneration of Saints Felinus and Gratian, which has a weak historical foundation, has been alleged to have been created to further the interests of
Perugia?
...that the Raphael Cartoons(example pictured),
tapestry designs from 1515 which are among the most influential works of
Renaissance art, remained torn into strips for 175 years?
...that Gun Hill Road in the
Bronx was proposed to become the Gun Hill Crosstown Expressway?
...that the firm formed by John Brogden to build
Manchester Victoria station and various railroads to the rapidly expanding
Manchester in mid-19th century began as a contractor to undertake the sweeping, cleansing and watering of the city?
...that millionaire's daughter Rose Dugdale joined an
IRA active service unit and took part in the first helicopter bombing raid on the
British Isles in 1974?
9 November 2007
23:07, 9 November 2007 (UTC)
...that the odds of Sir John Eardley Wilmot(pictured), an eminent judge, also having a eminent grandson were calculated in
Galton's book Hereditary Genius as 30 to 1 against?
...that the famous quote "No man who hates dogs and children can be all bad" generally attributed to
Leo Rosten was actually first used in 1930 by future war correspondent Byron Darnton?
...that Tui bei tu, a banned 7th century
prophecy book about
China which has been compared to the work of
Nostradamus, became a bestseller in the 1990s?
...that during the process of maceration (pictured) the clear-grayish color of
grape juice gets its
redwine coloring?
...that according to the book The World Without Us radioactive waste, bronze statues, and
Mount Rushmore will be the longest lasting evidence of human presence on Earth?
...that 10TP was a Polish
tank design, which advanced the Polish armor programme but came too late to provide the
Polish Army with tanks of sufficient number and quality before the
German invasion of Poland in 1939?
...that the Fayum mummy portraits(pictured) are detailed paintings of individuals from 1st to 3rd century CE Egypt, representing a rare survival of ancient
Graeco-Roman painting?
...that the history of Rioja wine has been greatly influenced by the
Bordeaux wine industry with many Riojan
bodegas benefiting from the influx of Bordeaux winemakers into the region following the
phylloxera epidemic of the
1860s?
...that Julian Howard Ashton, a prominent figure of media and art in
Britain and
Australia in the 19th and 20th century, won the Sydney sesquicentenary prize for landscape drawings for his art work?
...that
vaudeville performer Birdie Reeve was billed as the "World's Fastest Typist" in the
1920s, typing 200 words a minute using just two fingers of each hand?
...that Slovak
collaborationistFerdinand Durčanský was both dismissed by the Nazis as pro-Jewish and later condemned to death for complicity in the murder of Jews?
...that despite losing almost one third of their men in the Battle of Osuchy (reenactment pictured),
Polish resistance in the
Zamość region successfully engaged Germans during the nationwide
Operation Tempest only a month later?
...that your biological chronotype characterizes your morningness or eveningness?
...that
Singapore’s Sungei Road, formerly a place designated for affluent Europeans and Asians, is now the largest and oldest
flea market better known as the Thieves' Market?
...that the Articulating Propulsion System with
thrust vectoring control allows the Super Dvora Mk III to function in shallow waters at drafts of 1.2 meters?
...that the series of unconventional aircraft designed by Jonathan Edward Caldwell may be responsible for reported sightings of
flying saucers in the United States throughout the 1950s and 60s?
...that upon completion, the thirteen-volume History of Lithuania will be the largest and the most comprehensive academic publication covering
Lithuania’s history ever released?
12:33, 5 November 2007 (UTC)
...that there is more variation in the design of direction signs(example pictured) internationally than in any other class of
road sign?
...that Peter Birkhäuser was so moved by a
moth trapped by a window that he painted its picture, and later
analysed his thoughts and corresponded with
Carl Jung?
Archives are generally grouped by month of Main Page appearance. (Currently, DYK hooks are archived according to the date and time that they were taken off the Main Page.) To find which archive contains the fact that appeared on Did you know, go to article's
talk page and follow the archive link in the DYK talk page message box.
...that the haor located in north-eastern
Bangladesh, is a bowl-shaped
depression with such vast stretches of turbulent water that it is thought of as a
sea during a
monsoon?
...that a silver dish thought to be the
Ancient RomanRisley Park Lanx was on display in the
British Museum for several years before being determined to be a complete fabrication?
...that John Straffen, a triple child-killer who escaped from
Broadmoor, served 55 years in prison becoming the longest-serving prisoner in British history?
...that, after hitting another driver from behind in heavy traffic, screenwriter Jennifer Philbin and her husband
Michael Schur raised
$26,000 for
charity in a retaliation campaign instead of paying $840 to fix the driver's broken bumper?
28 November 2007
22:00, 28 November 2007 (UTC)
...that the 1300 identified Mesoamerican ballcourts used for playing the
Mesoamericanballgame(see drawing) were all built in the same basic shape despite a span of 2700 years?
...that Pundravardhana was a territory, mostly in present-day
Bangladesh, of the Pundras, a group of non-
Aryan people, dating back to
8th-
7th centuries
BC?
...that Frank Rennie joined the
New Zealand Army at age 16, to prove to himself 20 months in hospital hadn't crippled him, and went on to become Colonel?
...that Mahasthangarh(ramparts pictured) is the earliest urban archaeological site so far discovered in
Bangladesh, dating back to at least the 3rd century B.C.?
...that Dutch artist Folke Heybroek's works include
stained glass windows (pictured), iron and concrete sculptures, paintings, and textile designs, decorating about 70 public spaces in Sweden?
...that in the 1659 English play The English Moor, noted for its use of
blackface make-up, one main character implies that Blacks and Whites are created equal by God?
...that Project Lauren is the codename for an unannounced British airline that will provide service between the U.S. and continental Europe, bypassing the U.K., and that aircraft have already been acquired?
...that June Bride, filmed with two versions of a dialog naming the candidates to the 1948 U.S presidency, opened in theaters with the wrong future president?
...that although
Adam Freeland has said that his 2003 song We Want Your Soul is about "the destructive side of consumer culture",
Target tried to license the song for use in a commercial?
...that Emma Cunningham was acquitted of the 1857 murder of her landlord because she falsely claimed to be
pregnant by him, and
Victorian morality prevented doctors from physically examining her?
11:14, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
...that the White House Entrance Hall(pictured) had the President's seal removed from its floor in the early 1950s because
President Truman thought it inappropriate to walk across it?
...that Bertram Fraser-Reid is a Jamaica-born
chemist who founded a non-profit organization to find cures for tropical parasitic diseases like
malaria?
...that the
Champawat tigress and the
Tsavo lions had suffered injuries that disabled them from pursuing their natural prey, leading them to become man-eaters?
...that a stone run(pictured) is a stable and conspicuous rock landform caused by a myriad of freezing-thawing cycles and also called a stone river, stone stream, or stone sea?
...that the Théâtrophone service (1890-1932) allowed the subscribers to listen to opera and theatre performances over the telephone lines?
...that Arthur Segal was prevented from exhibiting his art in
Germany because of his
Jewish background?
...that the massacre in Vinnytsia by the
Soviet secret police
NKVD in the
purges of 1937-1938 was investigated in 1943 during the
German invasion of
Ukraine and used in the propaganda war against the Soviet Union?
...that U.S. activist Kit Bakke went on from being considered a terrorist with a 400-page
FBI file to become a nurse for children with cancer?
...that an Australian chief justice Terence John Higgins dismissed a defamation case alleging "lazy journalism" against an Australian journalist even though he found that the claim wasn't true?
...that John Gouriet organised the "Operation Pony Express" in 1977, where 100,000 films from the strikebound
Grunwick laboratory were posted across the
United Kingdom, getting around the refusal of the local postal workers to handle them?
...that one of the first known instances of a composer specifically calling for the use of a bass violin, the predecessor of the modern
cello, was in the opera Orfeo by
Claudio Monteverdi?
...that the Carlsberg papyrus is the most complete of the ancient Egyptian
medical papyri, containing substantial amounts of artifacts of the original papyrus?
...that the forthcoming television adaptation of the
BBC Radio 2 sitcom Teenage Kicks, originally for
BBC Two, has been taken over by
ITV?
...that a report by the Judicial Commission of New South Wales almost led to a New South Wales judge being removed from office because of the time delays in giving decisions?
...that 18th century English
obstetricianThomas Denman(pictured) was an early advocate for
inducingprematurelabour in cases involving a narrow pelvis or other conditions which endanger the mother's life?
...that Spencer Campbell regretted producing the year-long
fly on the wall series The Living Soap, about students living in a purpose-built house, when some participants started deliberately avoiding the cameras after only a few days?
...that three out of every seventy-seven rainbow runners(pictured) have five
spines in their first dorsal fin, as a result of not being born with the normal six?
...that the Susquehanna and Tidewater Canal, built along the
Susquehanna River in the 1830s, had a wooden bridge with a two-tier
towpath to allow
mules towing cargoboats in opposite directions to cross the river simultaneously without colliding?
...that playwright Sam Thompson's Over the Bridge about
Northern Irishsectarian violence became
Belfast's most-seen play despite a prediction it would "offend and affront every section of the public"?
...that the author of Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography stated he had to go into hiding after receiving threats related to his yet unpublished book?
...that
Nicaraguahas the lowest electricity generation, the lowest percentage of population with access to electricity, and the highest dependence on oil for electricity generation in
Central America?
...that according to
Jainism, the first Purva of ancient knowledge would take a volume of ink equal to an elephant to write, whereas the last would require the ink volume of 213 elephants?
...that Myles Rudge wrote the lyrics to three
Top 10novelty songs in the 1960s, "Hole in the Ground", "Right Said Fred", and "A Windmill in Old Amsterdam"?
...that by providing government assistance to vineyard owners so they could replant and redesign their vineyards, the Flurbereinigung restructuring of the late 20th century had a dramatic impact on the
German wine industry?
...that Greek temples went from small structures of mud and wood (9th century BC) to the classical stone monuments widely known today (6th century BC)?
...that it was
Napoleon Bonaparte who recalled Captain Bruix(pictured), after he was sacked for being a noble, to continue his distinguished naval career?
...that Chen Chi-li, late head of
Taiwan's
United Bamboo Gang, claimed to have killed dissident journalist
Henry Liu out of patriotism, and refused the
$20,000 payout he was offered?
...that during the five years of fighting in the Cabanagem revolt in
Brazil, it is estimated that the population of
Pará was reduced from about 100,000 to 60,000?
...that orange snow fell in February of 2007 in western Siberia?
...that Michael Garcia has introduced legislation to lower the legislative
age of candidacy in
Colorado from 25 to 21 after being himself elected at age 26?
...that the publishers of Hindustan Ghadar are said to have memorised the names of over a thousand of its subscribers to prevent these being known to British Intelligence?
...that research into attitude polarization suggests that when people read research that both supports and contradicts their current views, they come to hold their original attitudes more strongly than before?
...that in 1708 the Bonnington pavilion in
Scotland had a "hall of mirrors" designed to give visitors the illusion that they were standing in the middle of the
Corra Linn?
...that though legend says the mid-way bend in
Pittsburgh's Armstrong Tunnel was a mistake and that the engineer responsible
killed himself in shame, the chief engineer, Vernon R. Covell, did not commit suicide?
...that ANDRILL is a scientific drilling project in
Antarctica to gather information about
global warming over the last 65 million years?
15 November 2007
20:20, 15 November 2007 (UTC)
...that one T206 Honus Wagnerbaseball card(pictured) was sold for
US$500,000 to Treat Entertainment and
Wal-Mart in 1995 for use as the top prize in a promotional contest?
...that despite British
ConservativeMPDenis Keegan winning a
marginal constituency by over 7,000 votes, he ended his political career after one term, preferring to work for the trade association for television shops?
...that turret deck ships incurred lower
canal tolls because
tonnage measurements used to calculate those tolls did not account for the vessels' unique shape?
...that Gal, Bishop of Clermont was known to be so even-tempered that once a man who had insulted him
repented on the spot and threw himself at his feet?
...that Gerard of Lunel became widely venerated after it was reported snakes carried bread to him and his brother while they were trapped by a flood in a cave?
...that the civil rights of
Panama's Chinese minority, today the largest in Central America, were curtailed from 1903 until they received full citizenship under the constitution passed in 1946?
...that despite having only $300,000 to the incumbent's $4 million in campaign funds, Greg Ballard won the 2007 mayoral election in
Indianapolis, one of the biggest electoral upsets in
Indiana history?
...that
global warming has had a positive effect on the Tasmanian wine industry allowing it to grow
grapes more successfully than what would otherwise be possible?
...that the veneration of Saints Felinus and Gratian, which has a weak historical foundation, has been alleged to have been created to further the interests of
Perugia?
...that the Raphael Cartoons(example pictured),
tapestry designs from 1515 which are among the most influential works of
Renaissance art, remained torn into strips for 175 years?
...that Gun Hill Road in the
Bronx was proposed to become the Gun Hill Crosstown Expressway?
...that the firm formed by John Brogden to build
Manchester Victoria station and various railroads to the rapidly expanding
Manchester in mid-19th century began as a contractor to undertake the sweeping, cleansing and watering of the city?
...that millionaire's daughter Rose Dugdale joined an
IRA active service unit and took part in the first helicopter bombing raid on the
British Isles in 1974?
9 November 2007
23:07, 9 November 2007 (UTC)
...that the odds of Sir John Eardley Wilmot(pictured), an eminent judge, also having a eminent grandson were calculated in
Galton's book Hereditary Genius as 30 to 1 against?
...that the famous quote "No man who hates dogs and children can be all bad" generally attributed to
Leo Rosten was actually first used in 1930 by future war correspondent Byron Darnton?
...that Tui bei tu, a banned 7th century
prophecy book about
China which has been compared to the work of
Nostradamus, became a bestseller in the 1990s?
...that during the process of maceration (pictured) the clear-grayish color of
grape juice gets its
redwine coloring?
...that according to the book The World Without Us radioactive waste, bronze statues, and
Mount Rushmore will be the longest lasting evidence of human presence on Earth?
...that 10TP was a Polish
tank design, which advanced the Polish armor programme but came too late to provide the
Polish Army with tanks of sufficient number and quality before the
German invasion of Poland in 1939?
...that the Fayum mummy portraits(pictured) are detailed paintings of individuals from 1st to 3rd century CE Egypt, representing a rare survival of ancient
Graeco-Roman painting?
...that the history of Rioja wine has been greatly influenced by the
Bordeaux wine industry with many Riojan
bodegas benefiting from the influx of Bordeaux winemakers into the region following the
phylloxera epidemic of the
1860s?
...that Julian Howard Ashton, a prominent figure of media and art in
Britain and
Australia in the 19th and 20th century, won the Sydney sesquicentenary prize for landscape drawings for his art work?
...that
vaudeville performer Birdie Reeve was billed as the "World's Fastest Typist" in the
1920s, typing 200 words a minute using just two fingers of each hand?
...that Slovak
collaborationistFerdinand Durčanský was both dismissed by the Nazis as pro-Jewish and later condemned to death for complicity in the murder of Jews?
...that despite losing almost one third of their men in the Battle of Osuchy (reenactment pictured),
Polish resistance in the
Zamość region successfully engaged Germans during the nationwide
Operation Tempest only a month later?
...that your biological chronotype characterizes your morningness or eveningness?
...that
Singapore’s Sungei Road, formerly a place designated for affluent Europeans and Asians, is now the largest and oldest
flea market better known as the Thieves' Market?
...that the Articulating Propulsion System with
thrust vectoring control allows the Super Dvora Mk III to function in shallow waters at drafts of 1.2 meters?
...that the series of unconventional aircraft designed by Jonathan Edward Caldwell may be responsible for reported sightings of
flying saucers in the United States throughout the 1950s and 60s?
...that upon completion, the thirteen-volume History of Lithuania will be the largest and the most comprehensive academic publication covering
Lithuania’s history ever released?
12:33, 5 November 2007 (UTC)
...that there is more variation in the design of direction signs(example pictured) internationally than in any other class of
road sign?
...that Peter Birkhäuser was so moved by a
moth trapped by a window that he painted its picture, and later
analysed his thoughts and corresponded with
Carl Jung?