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MOG
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases MOG, BTN6, BTNL11, MOGIG2, NRCLP7, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
External IDs OMIM: 159465; MGI: 97435; HomoloGene: 111009; GeneCards: MOG; OMA: MOG - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

4340

17441

Ensembl

ENSMUSG00000076439

UniProt

Q16653

Q61885

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_010814

RefSeq (protein)

NP_034944

Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 29.66 – 29.67 Mb Chr 17: 37.32 – 37.33 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a glycoprotein believed to be important in the myelination of nerves in the central nervous system (CNS). In humans this protein is encoded by the MOG gene. [5] [6] [7] It is speculated to serve as a necessary "adhesion molecule" to provide structural integrity to the myelin sheath and is known to develop late on the oligodendrocyte. [8]

Molecular function

While the primary molecular function of MOG is not yet known, its likely role with the myelin sheath is either in sheath "completion and/or maintenance". [7] More specifically, MOG is speculated to be "necessary" as an "adhesion molecule" on the myelin sheath of the CNS to provide the structural integrity of the myelin sheath. [8]"

MOG's cDNA coding region in humans have been shown to be "highly homologous" [9] to rats, mice, and bovine, and hence highly conserved. This suggests "an important biological role for this protein". [7]

Physiology

The gene for MOG, found on chromosome 6 p21.3-p22, [10] was first sequenced in 1995. [3] It is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of oligodendrocyte cell and on the outermost surface of myelin sheaths. "MOG is a quantitatively minor type I transmembrane protein, [11] and is found exclusively in the CNS. "A single Ig-domain is exposed to the extracellular space" [11] and consequently allows autoantibodies easy access. and therefore is easily accessible to autoantibodies too. [7] [11] The MOG "primary nuclear transcript … is 15,561 nucleotides in length" [7] and, for humans, it has eight exons which are "separated by seven introns". [7] The introns "contain numerous reptitive [ sic] DNA [7]" sequences, among which are "14 Alu sequences within 3 introns", [7] and have a range varying from 242 to 6484 bp.

Structure

Alternatively spliced human mRNA of the MOG gene form at least nine isoforms. [12]

The crystal structure of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein was determined by x-ray diffraction at a resolution of 1.45 Angstroms, using protein from the Norway rat. This protein is 139 residues long, and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. [13] The dssp secondary structure of the protein is 6% helical and 43% beta sheet: there are three short helical segments and ten beta strands. [14] The beta strands are within two antiparallel beta sheets that form an immunoglobulin-like beta-sandwich fold. [15] Several features of the protein structure suggest MOG has a role as an "adhesin in the completion and/or compaction of the myelin sheath." There is a "significant strip" of electronegative charge beginning near the N-terminus and running about half the length of the molecule. Also, MOG was shown to dimerize in solution, and the shape complementarity index is high at the dimer interface, suggesting a "biologically relevant MOG dimer." [16]

Synthesis

Developmentally, MOG is formed "very late on oligodendrocytes and the myelin sheath". [8]

Role in disease

Non-inflammatory demyelinating diseases

Interest in MOG has centered on its role in demyelinating diseases. Some of them are not-inflammatory, such as adrenoleukodystrophy, vanishing white matter disease, and Rubella induced mental retardation. [17]

Anti-MOG associated inflammatory demyelinating diseases

Main article: antiMOG associated encephalomyelitis

MOG has received much of its laboratory attention in studies dealing with MS. Several studies have shown a role for antibodies against MOG in the pathogenesis of MS, [8] [18] though most of them were written before the discovery of NMO-IgG and the NMO spectrum of diseases.

Anti-MOG status is different depending whether it is measured by ELISA or by microarray ( CBA). The proper way to identify it is by microarray, reacting patient serum with living cells, and detecting the binding IgG via a fluorescent-labeled secondary antibody. [19]

In animal models

Animal models of MS, namely Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) models, have shown that "MOG-specific EAE models (of different animal strains) display/mirror human multiple sclerosis", [8] but basically explains the part involved in the optic neuritis. [20] These models with anti-MOG antibodies have been investigated extensively and are considered the only antibodies with demyelinating capacity [8] but again, EAE pathology is closer to NMO and ADEM than to the confluent demyelination observed in MS.

Anti-MOG antibodies have been shown to behave similarly to AQP4 antibodies in animal models, [20] and are considered a biomarker against the MS diagnosis [21] [22]

In seronegative neuromyelitis optica

Anti-MOG autoimmunity has been found to be involved in most AQP4-seronegative NMO [23] [24] and also in optic neuritis and some fulminant forms of ADEM. [25] MOG antibodies in NMOSD are variable depending on the seropositivity status. [26]

In other conditions

The presence of anti-MOG autoantibodies has been associated with the following conditions [27]

References

  1. ^ a b c ENSG00000232641, ENSG00000137345, ENSG00000230885, ENSG00000236561, ENSG00000237834, ENSG00000204655, ENSG00000234623 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000234096, ENSG00000232641, ENSG00000137345, ENSG00000230885, ENSG00000236561, ENSG00000237834, ENSG00000204655, ENSG00000234623 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000076439 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Della Gaspera B, Kerlero de Rosbo N, Dautigny A (September 1995). "Structure of the human myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein gene and multiple alternative spliced isoforms". Genomics. 29 (2): 345–52. doi: 10.1006/geno.1995.9995. PMID  8666381.
  6. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Jones EP, Pitiot G, Della Gaspera B, Daubas P, Mallet J, Le Paslier D, Fischer Lindahl K, Dautigny A (1995). "Physical mapping of the human and mouse MOG gene at the distal end of the MHC class Ib region". Immunogenetics. 42 (5): 386–91. doi: 10.1007/bf00179400. PMID  7590972. S2CID  8310478.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Roth MP, Malfroy L, Offer C, Sevin J, Enault G, Borot N, Pontarotti P, Coppin H (July 1995). "The human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) gene: complete nucleotide sequence and structural characterization". Genomics. 28 (2): 241–50. doi: 10.1006/geno.1995.1137. PMID  8530032.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Berger, T., Innsbruck Medical University Dept. of Neurology interviewed by S. Gillooly, Nov. 24, 2008.
  9. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Allinquant B, Ruberg M, Della Gaspera B, Nussbaum JL, Dautigny A (December 1994). "Characterization and expression of the cDNA coding for the human myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein". Journal of Neurochemistry. 63 (6): 2353–6. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63062353.x. PMID  7964757. S2CID  2788720.
  10. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Mattei MG, Nussbaum JL, Roussel G, Pontarotti P, Roeckel N, Mather IH, Artzt K, Lindahl KF, Dautigny A (September 1993). "Myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a member of a subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily encoded within the major histocompatibility complex". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (17): 7990–4. Bibcode: 1993PNAS...90.7990P. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.17.7990. PMC  47273. PMID  8367453.
  11. ^ a b c Berger T, Reindl M (August 2007). "Multiple sclerosis: disease biomarkers as indicated by pathophysiology". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 259 (1–2): 21–6. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.070. PMID  17367811. S2CID  23257594.
  12. ^ Boyle LH, Traherne JA, Plotnek G, Ward R, Trowsdale J (September 2007). "Splice variation in the cytoplasmic domains of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein affects its cellular localisation and transport". Journal of Neurochemistry. 102 (6): 1853–62. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04687.x. PMC  2156149. PMID  17573820.
  13. ^ Breithaupt C, Schubart A, Zander H, Skerra A, Huber R, Linington C, Jacob U (August 2003). "Structural insights into the antigenicity of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (16): 9446–51. Bibcode: 2003PNAS..100.9446B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1133443100. PMC  170938. PMID  12874380.
  14. ^ Kabsch W, Sander C (December 1983). "Dictionary of protein secondary structure: pattern recognition of hydrogen-bonded and geometrical features". Biopolymers. 22 (12): 2577–637. doi: 10.1002/bip.360221211. PMID  6667333. S2CID  29185760.
  15. ^ Murzin AG, Brenner SE, Hubbard T, Chothia C (April 1995). "SCOP: a structural classification of proteins database for the investigation of sequences and structures". Journal of Molecular Biology. 247 (4): 536–40. doi: 10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80134-2. PMID  7723011.
  16. ^ Clements CS, Reid HH, Beddoe T, Tynan FE, Perugini MA, Johns TG, Bernard CC, Rossjohn J (September 2003). "The crystal structure of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, a key autoantigen in multiple sclerosis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (19): 11059–64. Bibcode: 2003PNAS..10011059C. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1833158100. PMC  196926. PMID  12960396.
  17. ^ Cong H, Jiang Y, Tien P (November 2011). "Identification of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein as a cellular receptor for rubella virus". Journal of Virology. 85 (21): 11038–47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.05398-11. PMC  3194935. PMID  21880773.
  18. ^ Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F, Egg R, Ulmer H, Mayringer I, Dilitz E, Deisenhammer F, Reindl M (July 2003). "Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event". The New England Journal of Medicine. 349 (2): 139–45. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa022328. PMID  12853586.
  19. ^ Ichiro Nakashima, Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody in demyelinating diseases [1]
  20. ^ a b Kezuka T, Usui Y, Yamakawa N, Matsunaga Y, Matsuda R, Masuda M, Utsumi H, Tanaka K, Goto H (June 2012). "Relationship between NMO-antibody and anti-MOG antibody in optic neuritis". Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. 32 (2): 107–10. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0b013e31823c9b6c. PMID  22157536. S2CID  46667141.
  21. ^ Ketelslegers IA, Van Pelt DE, Bryde S, Neuteboom RF, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Hamann D, Hintzen RQ (October 2015). "Anti-MOG antibodies plead against MS diagnosis in an Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes cohort". Multiple Sclerosis. 21 (12): 1513–20. doi: 10.1177/1352458514566666. PMID  25662345. S2CID  25321614.
  22. ^ Kitley J, Woodhall M, Waters P, Leite MI, Devenney E, Craig J, Palace J, Vincent A (September 2012). "Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in adults with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype". Neurology. 79 (12): 1273–7. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31826aac4e. PMID  22914827. S2CID  855313.
  23. ^ Pröbstel AK, Rudolf G, Dornmair K, Collongues N, Chanson JB, Sanderson NS, Lindberg RL, Kappos L, de Seze J, Derfuss T (2015). "Anti-MOG antibodies are present in a subgroup of patients with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype". Journal of Neuroinflammation. 12 (1): 46. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0256-1. PMC  4359547. PMID  25889963.
  24. ^ CYNTHIA MCKELVEY, Press Report, What's the Role of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein in NMO? [2]
  25. ^ a b Di Pauli F, Höftberger R, Reindl M, Beer R, Rhomberg P, Schanda K, Sato D, Fujihara K, Lassmann H, Schmutzhard E, Berger T (December 2015). "Fulminant demyelinating encephalomyelitis: Insights from antibody studies and neuropathology". Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation. 2 (6): e175. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000175. PMC  4635550. PMID  26587556.
  26. ^ Berger T, Reindl M (August 2015). "Antibody biomarkers in CNS demyelinating diseases - a long and winding road". European Journal of Neurology. 22 (8): 1162–8. doi: 10.1111/ene.12759. PMID  26010364. S2CID  39301229.
  27. ^ a b c Reindl M, Di Pauli F, Rostásy K, Berger T (August 2013). "The spectrum of MOG autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases". Nature Reviews. Neurology. 9 (8): 455–61. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2013.118. PMID  23797245. S2CID  7219279.
  28. ^ Spadaro M, Gerdes LA, Mayer MC, Ertl-Wagner B, Laurent S, Krumbholz M, Breithaupt C, Högen T, Straube A, Giese A, Hohlfeld R, Lassmann H, Meinl E, Kümpfel T (March 2015). "Histopathology and clinical course of MOG-antibody-associated encephalomyelitis". Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. 2 (3): 295–301. doi: 10.1002/acn3.164. PMC  4369279. PMID  25815356.
  29. ^ Baumann M, Hennes EM, Schanda K, Karenfort M, Kornek B, Seidl R, Diepold K, Lauffer H, Marquardt I, Strautmanis J, Syrbe S, Vieker S, Höftberger R, Reindl M, Rostásy K (2016). "Children with multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and antibodies to the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG): Extending the spectrum of MOG antibody positive diseases". Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England). 22 (14): 1821–1829. doi: 10.1177/1352458516631038. PMID  26869530. S2CID  30428892.

External links

Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Myelin_oligodendrocyte_glycoprotein&oldid=1184798092"
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
MOG
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases MOG, BTN6, BTNL11, MOGIG2, NRCLP7, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein
External IDs OMIM: 159465; MGI: 97435; HomoloGene: 111009; GeneCards: MOG; OMA: MOG - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

4340

17441

Ensembl

ENSMUSG00000076439

UniProt

Q16653

Q61885

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_010814

RefSeq (protein)

NP_034944

Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 29.66 – 29.67 Mb Chr 17: 37.32 – 37.33 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a glycoprotein believed to be important in the myelination of nerves in the central nervous system (CNS). In humans this protein is encoded by the MOG gene. [5] [6] [7] It is speculated to serve as a necessary "adhesion molecule" to provide structural integrity to the myelin sheath and is known to develop late on the oligodendrocyte. [8]

Molecular function

While the primary molecular function of MOG is not yet known, its likely role with the myelin sheath is either in sheath "completion and/or maintenance". [7] More specifically, MOG is speculated to be "necessary" as an "adhesion molecule" on the myelin sheath of the CNS to provide the structural integrity of the myelin sheath. [8]"

MOG's cDNA coding region in humans have been shown to be "highly homologous" [9] to rats, mice, and bovine, and hence highly conserved. This suggests "an important biological role for this protein". [7]

Physiology

The gene for MOG, found on chromosome 6 p21.3-p22, [10] was first sequenced in 1995. [3] It is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of oligodendrocyte cell and on the outermost surface of myelin sheaths. "MOG is a quantitatively minor type I transmembrane protein, [11] and is found exclusively in the CNS. "A single Ig-domain is exposed to the extracellular space" [11] and consequently allows autoantibodies easy access. and therefore is easily accessible to autoantibodies too. [7] [11] The MOG "primary nuclear transcript … is 15,561 nucleotides in length" [7] and, for humans, it has eight exons which are "separated by seven introns". [7] The introns "contain numerous reptitive [ sic] DNA [7]" sequences, among which are "14 Alu sequences within 3 introns", [7] and have a range varying from 242 to 6484 bp.

Structure

Alternatively spliced human mRNA of the MOG gene form at least nine isoforms. [12]

The crystal structure of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein was determined by x-ray diffraction at a resolution of 1.45 Angstroms, using protein from the Norway rat. This protein is 139 residues long, and is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. [13] The dssp secondary structure of the protein is 6% helical and 43% beta sheet: there are three short helical segments and ten beta strands. [14] The beta strands are within two antiparallel beta sheets that form an immunoglobulin-like beta-sandwich fold. [15] Several features of the protein structure suggest MOG has a role as an "adhesin in the completion and/or compaction of the myelin sheath." There is a "significant strip" of electronegative charge beginning near the N-terminus and running about half the length of the molecule. Also, MOG was shown to dimerize in solution, and the shape complementarity index is high at the dimer interface, suggesting a "biologically relevant MOG dimer." [16]

Synthesis

Developmentally, MOG is formed "very late on oligodendrocytes and the myelin sheath". [8]

Role in disease

Non-inflammatory demyelinating diseases

Interest in MOG has centered on its role in demyelinating diseases. Some of them are not-inflammatory, such as adrenoleukodystrophy, vanishing white matter disease, and Rubella induced mental retardation. [17]

Anti-MOG associated inflammatory demyelinating diseases

Main article: antiMOG associated encephalomyelitis

MOG has received much of its laboratory attention in studies dealing with MS. Several studies have shown a role for antibodies against MOG in the pathogenesis of MS, [8] [18] though most of them were written before the discovery of NMO-IgG and the NMO spectrum of diseases.

Anti-MOG status is different depending whether it is measured by ELISA or by microarray ( CBA). The proper way to identify it is by microarray, reacting patient serum with living cells, and detecting the binding IgG via a fluorescent-labeled secondary antibody. [19]

In animal models

Animal models of MS, namely Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE) models, have shown that "MOG-specific EAE models (of different animal strains) display/mirror human multiple sclerosis", [8] but basically explains the part involved in the optic neuritis. [20] These models with anti-MOG antibodies have been investigated extensively and are considered the only antibodies with demyelinating capacity [8] but again, EAE pathology is closer to NMO and ADEM than to the confluent demyelination observed in MS.

Anti-MOG antibodies have been shown to behave similarly to AQP4 antibodies in animal models, [20] and are considered a biomarker against the MS diagnosis [21] [22]

In seronegative neuromyelitis optica

Anti-MOG autoimmunity has been found to be involved in most AQP4-seronegative NMO [23] [24] and also in optic neuritis and some fulminant forms of ADEM. [25] MOG antibodies in NMOSD are variable depending on the seropositivity status. [26]

In other conditions

The presence of anti-MOG autoantibodies has been associated with the following conditions [27]

References

  1. ^ a b c ENSG00000232641, ENSG00000137345, ENSG00000230885, ENSG00000236561, ENSG00000237834, ENSG00000204655, ENSG00000234623 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000234096, ENSG00000232641, ENSG00000137345, ENSG00000230885, ENSG00000236561, ENSG00000237834, ENSG00000204655, ENSG00000234623 – Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000076439 – Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Della Gaspera B, Kerlero de Rosbo N, Dautigny A (September 1995). "Structure of the human myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein gene and multiple alternative spliced isoforms". Genomics. 29 (2): 345–52. doi: 10.1006/geno.1995.9995. PMID  8666381.
  6. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Jones EP, Pitiot G, Della Gaspera B, Daubas P, Mallet J, Le Paslier D, Fischer Lindahl K, Dautigny A (1995). "Physical mapping of the human and mouse MOG gene at the distal end of the MHC class Ib region". Immunogenetics. 42 (5): 386–91. doi: 10.1007/bf00179400. PMID  7590972. S2CID  8310478.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Roth MP, Malfroy L, Offer C, Sevin J, Enault G, Borot N, Pontarotti P, Coppin H (July 1995). "The human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) gene: complete nucleotide sequence and structural characterization". Genomics. 28 (2): 241–50. doi: 10.1006/geno.1995.1137. PMID  8530032.
  8. ^ a b c d e f Berger, T., Innsbruck Medical University Dept. of Neurology interviewed by S. Gillooly, Nov. 24, 2008.
  9. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Allinquant B, Ruberg M, Della Gaspera B, Nussbaum JL, Dautigny A (December 1994). "Characterization and expression of the cDNA coding for the human myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein". Journal of Neurochemistry. 63 (6): 2353–6. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63062353.x. PMID  7964757. S2CID  2788720.
  10. ^ Pham-Dinh D, Mattei MG, Nussbaum JL, Roussel G, Pontarotti P, Roeckel N, Mather IH, Artzt K, Lindahl KF, Dautigny A (September 1993). "Myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a member of a subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily encoded within the major histocompatibility complex". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 90 (17): 7990–4. Bibcode: 1993PNAS...90.7990P. doi: 10.1073/pnas.90.17.7990. PMC  47273. PMID  8367453.
  11. ^ a b c Berger T, Reindl M (August 2007). "Multiple sclerosis: disease biomarkers as indicated by pathophysiology". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 259 (1–2): 21–6. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.070. PMID  17367811. S2CID  23257594.
  12. ^ Boyle LH, Traherne JA, Plotnek G, Ward R, Trowsdale J (September 2007). "Splice variation in the cytoplasmic domains of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein affects its cellular localisation and transport". Journal of Neurochemistry. 102 (6): 1853–62. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04687.x. PMC  2156149. PMID  17573820.
  13. ^ Breithaupt C, Schubart A, Zander H, Skerra A, Huber R, Linington C, Jacob U (August 2003). "Structural insights into the antigenicity of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (16): 9446–51. Bibcode: 2003PNAS..100.9446B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1133443100. PMC  170938. PMID  12874380.
  14. ^ Kabsch W, Sander C (December 1983). "Dictionary of protein secondary structure: pattern recognition of hydrogen-bonded and geometrical features". Biopolymers. 22 (12): 2577–637. doi: 10.1002/bip.360221211. PMID  6667333. S2CID  29185760.
  15. ^ Murzin AG, Brenner SE, Hubbard T, Chothia C (April 1995). "SCOP: a structural classification of proteins database for the investigation of sequences and structures". Journal of Molecular Biology. 247 (4): 536–40. doi: 10.1016/S0022-2836(05)80134-2. PMID  7723011.
  16. ^ Clements CS, Reid HH, Beddoe T, Tynan FE, Perugini MA, Johns TG, Bernard CC, Rossjohn J (September 2003). "The crystal structure of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, a key autoantigen in multiple sclerosis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (19): 11059–64. Bibcode: 2003PNAS..10011059C. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1833158100. PMC  196926. PMID  12960396.
  17. ^ Cong H, Jiang Y, Tien P (November 2011). "Identification of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein as a cellular receptor for rubella virus". Journal of Virology. 85 (21): 11038–47. doi: 10.1128/JVI.05398-11. PMC  3194935. PMID  21880773.
  18. ^ Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F, Egg R, Ulmer H, Mayringer I, Dilitz E, Deisenhammer F, Reindl M (July 2003). "Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event". The New England Journal of Medicine. 349 (2): 139–45. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa022328. PMID  12853586.
  19. ^ Ichiro Nakashima, Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody in demyelinating diseases [1]
  20. ^ a b Kezuka T, Usui Y, Yamakawa N, Matsunaga Y, Matsuda R, Masuda M, Utsumi H, Tanaka K, Goto H (June 2012). "Relationship between NMO-antibody and anti-MOG antibody in optic neuritis". Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. 32 (2): 107–10. doi: 10.1097/WNO.0b013e31823c9b6c. PMID  22157536. S2CID  46667141.
  21. ^ Ketelslegers IA, Van Pelt DE, Bryde S, Neuteboom RF, Catsman-Berrevoets CE, Hamann D, Hintzen RQ (October 2015). "Anti-MOG antibodies plead against MS diagnosis in an Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes cohort". Multiple Sclerosis. 21 (12): 1513–20. doi: 10.1177/1352458514566666. PMID  25662345. S2CID  25321614.
  22. ^ Kitley J, Woodhall M, Waters P, Leite MI, Devenney E, Craig J, Palace J, Vincent A (September 2012). "Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in adults with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype". Neurology. 79 (12): 1273–7. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31826aac4e. PMID  22914827. S2CID  855313.
  23. ^ Pröbstel AK, Rudolf G, Dornmair K, Collongues N, Chanson JB, Sanderson NS, Lindberg RL, Kappos L, de Seze J, Derfuss T (2015). "Anti-MOG antibodies are present in a subgroup of patients with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype". Journal of Neuroinflammation. 12 (1): 46. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0256-1. PMC  4359547. PMID  25889963.
  24. ^ CYNTHIA MCKELVEY, Press Report, What's the Role of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein in NMO? [2]
  25. ^ a b Di Pauli F, Höftberger R, Reindl M, Beer R, Rhomberg P, Schanda K, Sato D, Fujihara K, Lassmann H, Schmutzhard E, Berger T (December 2015). "Fulminant demyelinating encephalomyelitis: Insights from antibody studies and neuropathology". Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation. 2 (6): e175. doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000175. PMC  4635550. PMID  26587556.
  26. ^ Berger T, Reindl M (August 2015). "Antibody biomarkers in CNS demyelinating diseases - a long and winding road". European Journal of Neurology. 22 (8): 1162–8. doi: 10.1111/ene.12759. PMID  26010364. S2CID  39301229.
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