Dayr al-Hawa
دير الهوا | |
---|---|
Etymology: The Monastery of the Wind [1] | |
Location within
Mandatory Palestine | |
Coordinates: 31°45′05″N 35°02′14″E / 31.75139°N 35.03722°E | |
Palestine grid | 153/128 |
Geopolitical entity | Mandatory Palestine |
Subdistrict | Jerusalem |
Date of depopulation | October 19–20, 1948 [5] |
Area | |
• Total | 5,907 dunams (5.907 km2 or 2.281 sq mi) |
Population (1945) | |
• Total | 60 [2] [3] [4] |
Cause(s) of depopulation | Military assault by Yishuv forces |
Dayr al-Hawa ( Arabic: دير الهوا) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. The village was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on October 19, 1948, by the Fourth Battalion of the Har'el Brigade of Operation ha-Har. It was located 18.5 km west of Jerusalem.
Dayr al-Hawa is not mentioned in 16th century records, and was likely first settled in a later period. [6]
In 1838, Edward Robinson called it a "lofty" village, on the brink of a valley. [7] It was further noted as a Muslim village, located in the District of el-Arkub, southwest of Jerusalem. [8] In 1856 the village was named D. el Hawa on Kiepert's map of Palestine published that year. [9]
Victor Guérin, visiting the village in 1863, wrote that Dayr al-Hawa "probably owes its name, monastery of the wind, to its high position". [10]
An Ottoman village list from around 1870 showed that Der el-Hawa had 32 houses and a population of 103, though the population count included men, only. [11] [12]
In 1883, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described it as "a village standing high, on a knoll rising from a high ridge, with a deep valley to the north. It has several high houses in it. On the west is a good spring. The ground is covered with brushwood all round the place." [13]
In 1896 the population of Der el-hawa was estimated to be about 162 persons. [14]
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted i by the British Mandate authorities, Dair al-Hawa had a population of 38 residents; all Muslims, [15] increasing in the 1931 census to 47 inhabitants, in 11 houses. [16]
In the 1945 statistics the village had a population of 60 Muslims, [3] with a total of 5,907 dunums of land. [4] Of this, 58 dunams were for irrigable land or plantations, 1,565 for cereals, [17] while 4 dunams were built-up land. [18]
A mosque was located in the western part of the village and there was a shrine for a local sage known as al-Shaykh Sulayman. Near the ruins of the old village now stands the Israeli moshav, Nes Harim, [19] however, it is not on village land. (It is on the land of Bayt 'Itab.) [20]
During the 1948 it was defended by the local militia and the Egyptian Army/ Muslim Brotherhood Battalion.[ citation needed]
Coins and ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here. [21]
Dayr al-Hawa
دير الهوا | |
---|---|
Etymology: The Monastery of the Wind [1] | |
Location within
Mandatory Palestine | |
Coordinates: 31°45′05″N 35°02′14″E / 31.75139°N 35.03722°E | |
Palestine grid | 153/128 |
Geopolitical entity | Mandatory Palestine |
Subdistrict | Jerusalem |
Date of depopulation | October 19–20, 1948 [5] |
Area | |
• Total | 5,907 dunams (5.907 km2 or 2.281 sq mi) |
Population (1945) | |
• Total | 60 [2] [3] [4] |
Cause(s) of depopulation | Military assault by Yishuv forces |
Dayr al-Hawa ( Arabic: دير الهوا) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. The village was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on October 19, 1948, by the Fourth Battalion of the Har'el Brigade of Operation ha-Har. It was located 18.5 km west of Jerusalem.
Dayr al-Hawa is not mentioned in 16th century records, and was likely first settled in a later period. [6]
In 1838, Edward Robinson called it a "lofty" village, on the brink of a valley. [7] It was further noted as a Muslim village, located in the District of el-Arkub, southwest of Jerusalem. [8] In 1856 the village was named D. el Hawa on Kiepert's map of Palestine published that year. [9]
Victor Guérin, visiting the village in 1863, wrote that Dayr al-Hawa "probably owes its name, monastery of the wind, to its high position". [10]
An Ottoman village list from around 1870 showed that Der el-Hawa had 32 houses and a population of 103, though the population count included men, only. [11] [12]
In 1883, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine described it as "a village standing high, on a knoll rising from a high ridge, with a deep valley to the north. It has several high houses in it. On the west is a good spring. The ground is covered with brushwood all round the place." [13]
In 1896 the population of Der el-hawa was estimated to be about 162 persons. [14]
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted i by the British Mandate authorities, Dair al-Hawa had a population of 38 residents; all Muslims, [15] increasing in the 1931 census to 47 inhabitants, in 11 houses. [16]
In the 1945 statistics the village had a population of 60 Muslims, [3] with a total of 5,907 dunums of land. [4] Of this, 58 dunams were for irrigable land or plantations, 1,565 for cereals, [17] while 4 dunams were built-up land. [18]
A mosque was located in the western part of the village and there was a shrine for a local sage known as al-Shaykh Sulayman. Near the ruins of the old village now stands the Israeli moshav, Nes Harim, [19] however, it is not on village land. (It is on the land of Bayt 'Itab.) [20]
During the 1948 it was defended by the local militia and the Egyptian Army/ Muslim Brotherhood Battalion.[ citation needed]
Coins and ceramics from the Byzantine era have been found here. [21]