April 17 – In the
Battle of Lubieszów, General
Jan Zborowski leads the army of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the catastrophic defeat of most of Jan Winkelbruch's 12,000 rebels and mercenaries from the Commonwealth's richest city,
Danzig, killing 4,420 of the men and capturing another 5,000 as prisoners. Only 88 of Zborowski's 2,500 troops are killed.[5][6] The
Danzig Rebellion ends at the end of the year.
May 27 – English explorer
Martin Frobisher departs from
Blackwall in his flagship,
HMS Ayde, along with the ships Gabriel and Michael, to begin the English expedition to North America.[7]
May 28 – The Bergen Book, better known as the Solid Declaration of the
Formula of Concord, one of the
Lutheran confessional writings, is published. The earlier version, known as the Torgau Book (
1576), had been condensed into an Epitome; both documents are part of the
1580Book of Concord.[8]
June 12 – The French city of
Issoire surrenders and 3,000 of its Protestant Huguenots are massacred by the troops of the French Catholic General
Francis, Duke of Anjou, on orders by King
Henry III of France. The massacre is carried out 20 months after the October 15, 1575 killing of Catholic residents by
Matthieu Merle.[10] Most of Issoire's buildings are torn down, and the royal troops leave an inscription on a pillar, Ici fut Issoire ("Here stood Issoire.")[11]
August 23 – Martin Frobisher ends his expedition to Canada and he and his crew begin the journey back to England on the ships Ayde, Gabriel and Michael.[7]
September 23 – The first
Inuit people to see Europe— Kalicho,
Arnaq, and Arnaq's son, Nutaaq— are brought as captives of Martin Frobisher when HMS Gabriel arrived in England at
Bristol. All three were captured on
Baffin Island, and none of the three survive to the end of the year.[15][7]
November 6 – The first recorded observation from Earth of the
Great Comet of 1577 takes place by Aztec astronomers in Mexico, followed by reports from Italy on November 7 and Japan on November 8.[17] Astronomer
Tycho Brahe will track the comet from November 13 until January 26 before it departs the Solar System.[18]
^Renée Fossett, In Order to Live Untroubled: Inuit of the Central Arctic, 1550–1940 (University of Manitoba Press, 2001) p.37
^P.J. Blok, History of the People of the Netherlands: The War with Spain (G. P. Putnam's sons, 1900)
^"Abū'l Faẓl, independent discoverer of the Great Comet of 1577", by R. C. Kapoor, Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage vol.18, No.3 (2015) pp.249–260
April 17 – In the
Battle of Lubieszów, General
Jan Zborowski leads the army of the
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the catastrophic defeat of most of Jan Winkelbruch's 12,000 rebels and mercenaries from the Commonwealth's richest city,
Danzig, killing 4,420 of the men and capturing another 5,000 as prisoners. Only 88 of Zborowski's 2,500 troops are killed.[5][6] The
Danzig Rebellion ends at the end of the year.
May 27 – English explorer
Martin Frobisher departs from
Blackwall in his flagship,
HMS Ayde, along with the ships Gabriel and Michael, to begin the English expedition to North America.[7]
May 28 – The Bergen Book, better known as the Solid Declaration of the
Formula of Concord, one of the
Lutheran confessional writings, is published. The earlier version, known as the Torgau Book (
1576), had been condensed into an Epitome; both documents are part of the
1580Book of Concord.[8]
June 12 – The French city of
Issoire surrenders and 3,000 of its Protestant Huguenots are massacred by the troops of the French Catholic General
Francis, Duke of Anjou, on orders by King
Henry III of France. The massacre is carried out 20 months after the October 15, 1575 killing of Catholic residents by
Matthieu Merle.[10] Most of Issoire's buildings are torn down, and the royal troops leave an inscription on a pillar, Ici fut Issoire ("Here stood Issoire.")[11]
August 23 – Martin Frobisher ends his expedition to Canada and he and his crew begin the journey back to England on the ships Ayde, Gabriel and Michael.[7]
September 23 – The first
Inuit people to see Europe— Kalicho,
Arnaq, and Arnaq's son, Nutaaq— are brought as captives of Martin Frobisher when HMS Gabriel arrived in England at
Bristol. All three were captured on
Baffin Island, and none of the three survive to the end of the year.[15][7]
November 6 – The first recorded observation from Earth of the
Great Comet of 1577 takes place by Aztec astronomers in Mexico, followed by reports from Italy on November 7 and Japan on November 8.[17] Astronomer
Tycho Brahe will track the comet from November 13 until January 26 before it departs the Solar System.[18]
^Renée Fossett, In Order to Live Untroubled: Inuit of the Central Arctic, 1550–1940 (University of Manitoba Press, 2001) p.37
^P.J. Blok, History of the People of the Netherlands: The War with Spain (G. P. Putnam's sons, 1900)
^"Abū'l Faẓl, independent discoverer of the Great Comet of 1577", by R. C. Kapoor, Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage vol.18, No.3 (2015) pp.249–260