Xocó | |
---|---|
Shoko | |
Native to | Brazil |
Region | Sergipe, Alagoas |
Extinct | Last half of 20th century [1] |
Unclassified; not clear if a single language | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | erroneously subsumed under Karirí-Xocó [kzw] |
Glottolog |
xoco1235 Xoco |
Xocó (Chocó, Shokó) is a dead and poorly attested language or languages of Brazil that is not known to be related to other languages. It is known from three populations: Xokó (Chocó) in Sergipe, Kariri-Xocó (Kariri-Shoko, Cariri-Chocó) in Alagoas, and Xukuru-Kariri (Xucuru-Kariri, Xucuru-Cariri) in Alagoas. It is not clear if these were one language or three. It is only known from a few dozen words from one Kariri-Xoco elder and three Xukuru-Kariri elders in 1961.
It was originally spoken along the Piancó River is an area that is now a suburb of Porto Real do Colégio. [2]
In ISO encoding, the language was conflated with the Kariri family as ISO 639-3 [kzw] 'Karirí-Xocó'; Ethnologue does not indicate if this was a conscious decision.
Xoco, Xukuru, and Kariri are all common generic names in the region. See Kariri languages.
Chocó (Xocó) vocabulary collected in Colégio, Alagoas: [3]
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Chocó |
---|---|---|
fogo | fire | atsá, tsá |
água | water | taká |
cachimbo | smoking pipe | pupú |
homem | man | mãjikêô |
Note: Loukotka (1968) transcribes 'man' as mazyikeːoː. [2]
Five Xukuru-Kariri word lists collected by Menno Kroeker in Alagoas in 1961 are published in Meader (1978). [4]
Words recorded from an elderly male pajé (shaman) in Porto Real do Colégio:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
chuva | rain | sèhóιdzˈὲʔà |
fumo | smoke | bˈázè |
lua | moon | kˈriũavi |
mandioca | manioc | gˈrïgɔ |
menino | boy | semˈentiais |
mulher | woman | spˈikwais |
rio | river | oːpˈara |
sol | sun | kràšùtˈó |
terra | earth | aːtsιhˈi |
vento | wind | mə̀núsˈi |
batata | potato | dˈódsákà |
cachimbo | smoking pipe | catʔokə |
Colégio (cidade) | Colégio (city) | simidˈo |
deus | God | sõsˈeh |
dinheiro | money | mεrεkiˈa |
farinha | flour | tˈónà |
feijão | bean | nˈódsákà |
gado | cattle | krˈazɔ |
galinha | chicken | cáːkìʔ |
luz | light | kápˈòèr |
ovelha | sheep | sábˈòèR |
peru | turkey | brεfˈεlia |
porco | pig | korˈe |
soldado | soldier | òlˈófò |
Words recorded from Alfredo Caboquim, a pajé (shaman), and his brother Miguel Caboquim in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
carne de boi | beef | ˈbeiñõ |
chuva | rain | šualya |
dê-me fogo para o cigarro | Give me fire for the cigarette. | àòšˈínòʔ ìnˈísìà sˈèdàià |
lua / moça | moon / girl | seːya |
mãe | mother | isá |
milho | corn | matˈilya |
não (mentira) | no (lie) | eːyo |
nariz | nose | nˈəmbi |
pai | dad | étfˈὲ |
anzol | fish hook | èáyˈɔ̀ / alyɔ (?) |
batata | potato | dˈotsakə |
bebida de mandioca | manioc drink | gúlížˈɔ̀ (gálížˈɔ̀) |
bode | goat | filˈisakə |
boi | ox | léfétˈìa |
cachorro | dog | it(ə)lˈo |
cachorro de brinquedo | toy dog | ìt(ə)lˈó tə̀núnšweˈì |
dança indígena | indigenous dance | áʔálˈèndà |
deus | God | àʔúdéódályˈà |
estrangeiro | foreigner, stranger | kóbˈè |
farinha | flour | tititsia |
feijão | bean | nˈatsakə |
folga dos índios | indigenous holiday | arikulilyˈa / kèːšátíkáˈya (?) |
fumando cachimbo | to smoke a pipe | puèpùˈa |
galinha | chicken | sˈetˈáduàlyà |
gato | cat | atašeškia |
índia | indigenous woman | sétsˈòníká |
lagarto | lizard | šˈua atˈežo / tˈeyu (?) |
mulato | mulatto | mulatι̃nkya |
negro | black person | tùpíə̃̀nkyà |
padre | father | ĩŋklaˈišoa |
(pausa) – considerando as palavras | pause (when thinking of words) | ə̃hə̃ |
peru | turkey | aotˈisakə |
porco | pig | àːlˈé |
praia (?) | beach (?) | práiˈà |
quarto de homem | men's quarters | subεbˈe |
como vai? | How are you? | àkàkˈáumà |
vou bem, obrigado | I am fine, thank you. | íkàkˈə́ |
senhor | sir | ˈĩŋklai |
vamos embora | Let's go. | òːšˈóuà |
homem mais velho | older man | tošˈa / aošιnə̃ŋklainšoa taškiˈa |
Words recorded from an elderly farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
água | water | oiyˈa |
carne de boi | beef | aòtˈísiə̀ |
fogo | fire | tóˈè |
aguardente | aguardente | kóšákˈà |
bode | goat | sákúlˈὲ, sákúlˈègò |
bonito | beautiful | atilišˈĩ |
brancos | white people | ə̃́nkláʔˈì |
cabelo crespo (de negro) | curly hair (of black people) | tuʔˈĩ |
café | coffee | tópˈì |
cigarro | cigarette | àlísíˈàx |
índio | indigenous man / person | sέtsˈò |
mãe de Jesus | mother of Jesus ( Virgin Mary) | kwə́ntópˈə̃̀ atoayˈə |
negra | black man | (i)atuayˈa |
negro | black woman | túpíyˈà |
porco | pig | šíə̃̀ntì |
tatu | armadillo | rṍmpˈə̀tì |
Words recorded from João Candido da Silva, a young farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
fumo | smoke | šíšúˈà |
dança | dance | arikurˈi |
deus | God | dédùˈá / íŋklàˈíx |
Words recorded from José Fermino da Silva of Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
água | water | óiyˈàh |
fogo para o cigarro | fire for cigarette | tòˈéh asendendisi / tòˈéh pàrə̀ns-ˈíáx |
batata | potato | dˈótsákà |
branco | white person | kràiʔˈé |
caboclo | caboclo | sǽtsˈùx |
cachimbo | smoking pipe | pua / pue |
deus | God | dèdˈúa |
feijão | bean | nˈótsákà |
negra | black | kòbˈéh |
obrigado | thank you | bèréˈɔ́ |
pau (claraíba) | claraíba tree | frˈéžɔ̀ìž |
pau (d'arco) | Tabebuia tree | paìpˈέ |
Xocó | |
---|---|
Shoko | |
Native to | Brazil |
Region | Sergipe, Alagoas |
Extinct | Last half of 20th century [1] |
Unclassified; not clear if a single language | |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 | erroneously subsumed under Karirí-Xocó [kzw] |
Glottolog |
xoco1235 Xoco |
Xocó (Chocó, Shokó) is a dead and poorly attested language or languages of Brazil that is not known to be related to other languages. It is known from three populations: Xokó (Chocó) in Sergipe, Kariri-Xocó (Kariri-Shoko, Cariri-Chocó) in Alagoas, and Xukuru-Kariri (Xucuru-Kariri, Xucuru-Cariri) in Alagoas. It is not clear if these were one language or three. It is only known from a few dozen words from one Kariri-Xoco elder and three Xukuru-Kariri elders in 1961.
It was originally spoken along the Piancó River is an area that is now a suburb of Porto Real do Colégio. [2]
In ISO encoding, the language was conflated with the Kariri family as ISO 639-3 [kzw] 'Karirí-Xocó'; Ethnologue does not indicate if this was a conscious decision.
Xoco, Xukuru, and Kariri are all common generic names in the region. See Kariri languages.
Chocó (Xocó) vocabulary collected in Colégio, Alagoas: [3]
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Chocó |
---|---|---|
fogo | fire | atsá, tsá |
água | water | taká |
cachimbo | smoking pipe | pupú |
homem | man | mãjikêô |
Note: Loukotka (1968) transcribes 'man' as mazyikeːoː. [2]
Five Xukuru-Kariri word lists collected by Menno Kroeker in Alagoas in 1961 are published in Meader (1978). [4]
Words recorded from an elderly male pajé (shaman) in Porto Real do Colégio:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
chuva | rain | sèhóιdzˈὲʔà |
fumo | smoke | bˈázè |
lua | moon | kˈriũavi |
mandioca | manioc | gˈrïgɔ |
menino | boy | semˈentiais |
mulher | woman | spˈikwais |
rio | river | oːpˈara |
sol | sun | kràšùtˈó |
terra | earth | aːtsιhˈi |
vento | wind | mə̀núsˈi |
batata | potato | dˈódsákà |
cachimbo | smoking pipe | catʔokə |
Colégio (cidade) | Colégio (city) | simidˈo |
deus | God | sõsˈeh |
dinheiro | money | mεrεkiˈa |
farinha | flour | tˈónà |
feijão | bean | nˈódsákà |
gado | cattle | krˈazɔ |
galinha | chicken | cáːkìʔ |
luz | light | kápˈòèr |
ovelha | sheep | sábˈòèR |
peru | turkey | brεfˈεlia |
porco | pig | korˈe |
soldado | soldier | òlˈófò |
Words recorded from Alfredo Caboquim, a pajé (shaman), and his brother Miguel Caboquim in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
carne de boi | beef | ˈbeiñõ |
chuva | rain | šualya |
dê-me fogo para o cigarro | Give me fire for the cigarette. | àòšˈínòʔ ìnˈísìà sˈèdàià |
lua / moça | moon / girl | seːya |
mãe | mother | isá |
milho | corn | matˈilya |
não (mentira) | no (lie) | eːyo |
nariz | nose | nˈəmbi |
pai | dad | étfˈὲ |
anzol | fish hook | èáyˈɔ̀ / alyɔ (?) |
batata | potato | dˈotsakə |
bebida de mandioca | manioc drink | gúlížˈɔ̀ (gálížˈɔ̀) |
bode | goat | filˈisakə |
boi | ox | léfétˈìa |
cachorro | dog | it(ə)lˈo |
cachorro de brinquedo | toy dog | ìt(ə)lˈó tə̀núnšweˈì |
dança indígena | indigenous dance | áʔálˈèndà |
deus | God | àʔúdéódályˈà |
estrangeiro | foreigner, stranger | kóbˈè |
farinha | flour | tititsia |
feijão | bean | nˈatsakə |
folga dos índios | indigenous holiday | arikulilyˈa / kèːšátíkáˈya (?) |
fumando cachimbo | to smoke a pipe | puèpùˈa |
galinha | chicken | sˈetˈáduàlyà |
gato | cat | atašeškia |
índia | indigenous woman | sétsˈòníká |
lagarto | lizard | šˈua atˈežo / tˈeyu (?) |
mulato | mulatto | mulatι̃nkya |
negro | black person | tùpíə̃̀nkyà |
padre | father | ĩŋklaˈišoa |
(pausa) – considerando as palavras | pause (when thinking of words) | ə̃hə̃ |
peru | turkey | aotˈisakə |
porco | pig | àːlˈé |
praia (?) | beach (?) | práiˈà |
quarto de homem | men's quarters | subεbˈe |
como vai? | How are you? | àkàkˈáumà |
vou bem, obrigado | I am fine, thank you. | íkàkˈə́ |
senhor | sir | ˈĩŋklai |
vamos embora | Let's go. | òːšˈóuà |
homem mais velho | older man | tošˈa / aošιnə̃ŋklainšoa taškiˈa |
Words recorded from an elderly farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
água | water | oiyˈa |
carne de boi | beef | aòtˈísiə̀ |
fogo | fire | tóˈè |
aguardente | aguardente | kóšákˈà |
bode | goat | sákúlˈὲ, sákúlˈègò |
bonito | beautiful | atilišˈĩ |
brancos | white people | ə̃́nkláʔˈì |
cabelo crespo (de negro) | curly hair (of black people) | tuʔˈĩ |
café | coffee | tópˈì |
cigarro | cigarette | àlísíˈàx |
índio | indigenous man / person | sέtsˈò |
mãe de Jesus | mother of Jesus ( Virgin Mary) | kwə́ntópˈə̃̀ atoayˈə |
negra | black man | (i)atuayˈa |
negro | black woman | túpíyˈà |
porco | pig | šíə̃̀ntì |
tatu | armadillo | rṍmpˈə̀tì |
Words recorded from João Candido da Silva, a young farmer in Fazenda Conta, Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
fumo | smoke | šíšúˈà |
dança | dance | arikurˈi |
deus | God | dédùˈá / íŋklàˈíx |
Words recorded from José Fermino da Silva of Palmeira dos Índios, Alagoas:
Portuguese gloss (original) |
English gloss (translated) |
Xukuru-Kariri |
---|---|---|
água | water | óiyˈàh |
fogo para o cigarro | fire for cigarette | tòˈéh asendendisi / tòˈéh pàrə̀ns-ˈíáx |
batata | potato | dˈótsákà |
branco | white person | kràiʔˈé |
caboclo | caboclo | sǽtsˈùx |
cachimbo | smoking pipe | pua / pue |
deus | God | dèdˈúa |
feijão | bean | nˈótsákà |
negra | black | kòbˈéh |
obrigado | thank you | bèréˈɔ́ |
pau (claraíba) | claraíba tree | frˈéžɔ̀ìž |
pau (d'arco) | Tabebuia tree | paìpˈέ |