Coin depicting Martinus's father Heraclius, half-brother Constantine III, and mother Martina

Martinus (died c. 641) was caesar of the Byzantine Empire from some point between 638 and 640, to 641. He was the fifth son of Emperor Heraclius and his second wife (and niece) Empress Martina. Heraclius elevated Martinus to caesar, a junior imperial title that placed Martinus on the line of succession. Heraclius died on 11 February 641, leaving the throne jointly to Martinus's half-brother Constantine III and his elder full brother Heraclonas. Constantine III soon died of tuberculosis, though some of his partisans alleged that Martina poisoned him. One such partisan, Valentinus, led troops to Chalcedon, across the Bosporus Strait from the capital, Constantinople, to force Martina to install Constans, Constantine III's son, as co-emperor. Valentinus seized Constantinople, forced Constans II's enthronement in September or October 641, and deposed Martina, Heraclonas, and Martinus. Martinus was mutilated, which killed him. ( Full article...)

Jews arriving at Auschwitz II, 1944

• ... that around 1,500 anti-Jewish laws were enacted by Nazi Germany in the years leading up to the Holocaust (victims pictured)?
• ... that Lucy Greenish was the first woman in New Zealand to become a registered architect?
• ... that patriarchal gender roles become more sharply defined for England in the High Middle Ages, with some of that to do with the new feudal system?
• ... that in Strauss's Elektra, Aile Asszonyi was said to be convincing as a woman close to madness?
• ... that although most Game Boy Advance games are developed in at least five to six months, XXX was developed in two?
• ... that after going 1–10–1 in the first season of his tenure, Green Bay Packers president Dominic Olejniczak hired Vince Lombardi and the team would go on to win five NFL championships in nine years?
• ... that M. Jeff Thompson described the Confederate ship named after himself as being "the largest and best, but slowest boat of the fleet"?
• ... that Caroline Breese Hall and her father, who were both pediatricians, wrote a book together?

Simplified diagram of the collision

• At least 275 people are killed and over 1,100 others injured in a collision between three trains in Balasore, India (collision diagram shown).
• In cricket, the Indian Premier League concludes with the Chennai Super Kings defeating the Gujarat Titans in the final.
• Recep Tayyip Erdoğan is re-elected President of Turkey in a runoff.
• In auto racing, Josef Newgarden wins the Indianapolis 500.
• Rock singer and actress Tina Turner dies at the age of 83.

June 5: World Environment Day; King's Official Birthday in New Zealand (2023); Western Australia Day (2023)

Antonio Luna

• 1899 – Filipino general Antonio Luna (pictured) was assassinated in the midst of the Philippine–American War.
• 1968 – U.S. senator Robert F. Kennedy was fatally shot by Palestinian immigrant Sirhan Sirhan at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles.
• 1976 – The Teton Dam in eastern Idaho, U.S., collapsed as its reservoir was being filled for the first time, resulting in the deaths of eleven people and 13,000 cattle, and causing up to $2 billion in damage.
• 2004 – Noël Mamère, mayor of the Bordeaux suburb of Bègles, conducted a marriage ceremony for two men, even though same-sex marriage in France had not yet been legalised.
• 2009 – After almost two months of civil disobedience, at least 31 people were killed in clashes between the National Police and indigenous people in Peru's Bagua Province.