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Standard RNA codon table organized in a wheel
Standard RNA codon table organized in a wheel

A codon table can be used to translate a genetic code into a sequence of amino acids. The standard genetic code is traditionally represented as an RNA codon table, because when proteins are made in a cell by ribosomes, it is messenger RNA that directs protein biosynthesis. The mRNA sequence is determined by the sequence of genomic DNA. It can also be represented in a DNA codon table. The DNA codons in such tables occur on the sense DNA strand and are arranged in a 5′-to-3′ direction. Different tables with alternate codons are used depending on the source of the genetic code, such as from a cell nucleus, mitochondrion, plastid, or hydrogenosome. There are 64 different codons in the genetic code and the tables; most specify an amino acid. Three sequences, UAG, UGA, and UAA, known as stop codons, do not code for an amino acid but instead signal the release of the nascent polypeptide from the ribosome. ( Full list...)

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Francis B. Spinola

Francis B. Spinola (March 19, 1821 – April 14, 1891) was an American politician and military leader of Portuguese and Irish ancestry. He is considered by some authorities as the first Italian American to be elected to the United States House of Representatives, serving as a representative from New York between 1887 and 1891. Spinola also served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Engraving credit: Bureau of Engraving and Printing; restored by Andrew Shiva

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

From today's featured list

Standard RNA codon table organized in a wheel
Standard RNA codon table organized in a wheel

A codon table can be used to translate a genetic code into a sequence of amino acids. The standard genetic code is traditionally represented as an RNA codon table, because when proteins are made in a cell by ribosomes, it is messenger RNA that directs protein biosynthesis. The mRNA sequence is determined by the sequence of genomic DNA. It can also be represented in a DNA codon table. The DNA codons in such tables occur on the sense DNA strand and are arranged in a 5′-to-3′ direction. Different tables with alternate codons are used depending on the source of the genetic code, such as from a cell nucleus, mitochondrion, plastid, or hydrogenosome. There are 64 different codons in the genetic code and the tables; most specify an amino acid. Three sequences, UAG, UGA, and UAA, known as stop codons, do not code for an amino acid but instead signal the release of the nascent polypeptide from the ribosome. ( Full list...)

Today's featured picture

Francis B. Spinola

Francis B. Spinola (March 19, 1821 – April 14, 1891) was an American politician and military leader of Portuguese and Irish ancestry. He is considered by some authorities as the first Italian American to be elected to the United States House of Representatives, serving as a representative from New York between 1887 and 1891. Spinola also served as a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Engraving credit: Bureau of Engraving and Printing; restored by Andrew Shiva

Other areas of Wikipedia

  • Community portal – Bulletin board, projects, resources and activities covering a wide range of Wikipedia areas.
  • Help desk – Ask questions about using Wikipedia.
  • Local embassy – For Wikipedia-related communication in languages other than English.
  • Reference desk – Serving as virtual librarians, Wikipedia volunteers tackle your questions on a wide range of subjects.
  • Site news – Announcements, updates, articles and press releases on Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation.
  • Village pump – For discussions about Wikipedia itself, including areas for technical issues and policies.

Wikipedia's sister projects

Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other projects:

Wikipedia languages


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