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Have there ever been federal driver's licenses in the USA? I'm imagining something for residents of Enclave Clause territories ( US Constitution Article I, Section 8, the clause beginning with "To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever") with laws specifically set by Congress, rather than by a more local entity such as a territorial government or DC City Council. Driver's license in the United States says that all US non-state licenses are currently issued by territories, but it doesn't address former practices. Nyttend ( talk) 02:17, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
I've had a look at the British Summer Time article but this isn't entirely clear to me. What year did the current start/end dates (last Sunday of March - last Sunday of October) for British Summer Time start? And what were the start/end dates before that? 58.109.41.22 ( talk) 15:59, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
The tz database includes, among others, these entries for the transition to summer time in the UK and Ireland:
Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1953 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
And these entries for the transition the other way:
Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Here Sun>=19
, for example, means "March 19 if that was a Sunday, or the first Sunday following". Note that starting in 1996 the UK and Ireland began following the EU rules. So, from those tables, the answer to the question is 1996; from 1981 to 1995 the start date was the same as now, but the end date was either the same or a week earlier, depending on the specific year's calendar.
I've only shown the rules from 1948 on; before that it gets more complicated, what with double summer time.
These database entries can be found by downloading this file, unpacking it using gunzip and tar (on UNIX or Linux that's how, anyway), and examining the file "europe". Note that there are many comment lines in addition, and that for each location the entries are shown sorted by year rather than grouping the start-summer-time and end-summer-time lines as I've done here. -- 50.100.193.30 ( talk) 07:22, 6 April 2014 (UTC)
A few years back I read the memoirs of a Soviet General who commanded Red Army forces in the campaigns from Ukraine into Romania and Hungary. It covered the period 1944-1945. It was published in English by a western publishing house. Anyone have an idea what this book might be? -- Gary123 ( talk) 16:28, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
Has there been a recent increase or a decrease? -- Euinoite ( talk) 19:04, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
Forum-style comment |
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The following discussion has been closed. Please do not modify it. |
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Valiantis ( talk) 13:38, 7 April 2014 (UTC)"Statistics South Africa continues to classify people by population group, in order to monitor progress in moving away from the apartheid-based discrimination of the past. However membership of a population group is now based on self-perception and self-classification, not on a legal definition. Five options were provided on the questionnaire, Black African, Coloured, Indian or Asian, White, and Other." [1]
Humanities desk | ||
---|---|---|
< April 4 | << Mar | April | May >> | April 6 > |
Welcome to the Wikipedia Humanities Reference Desk Archives |
---|
The page you are currently viewing is an archive page. While you can leave answers for any questions shown below, please ask new questions on one of the current reference desk pages. |
Have there ever been federal driver's licenses in the USA? I'm imagining something for residents of Enclave Clause territories ( US Constitution Article I, Section 8, the clause beginning with "To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases whatsoever") with laws specifically set by Congress, rather than by a more local entity such as a territorial government or DC City Council. Driver's license in the United States says that all US non-state licenses are currently issued by territories, but it doesn't address former practices. Nyttend ( talk) 02:17, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
I've had a look at the British Summer Time article but this isn't entirely clear to me. What year did the current start/end dates (last Sunday of March - last Sunday of October) for British Summer Time start? And what were the start/end dates before that? 58.109.41.22 ( talk) 15:59, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
The tz database includes, among others, these entries for the transition to summer time in the UK and Ireland:
Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1953 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr Sun>=9 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST Rule GB-Eire 1981 1995 - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 BST Rule EU 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 1:00 S
And these entries for the transition the other way:
Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Oct 31 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1961 1968 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1981 1989 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00u 0 GMT Rule GB-Eire 1990 1995 - Oct Sun>=22 1:00u 0 GMT Rule EU 1996 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0 -
Here Sun>=19
, for example, means "March 19 if that was a Sunday, or the first Sunday following". Note that starting in 1996 the UK and Ireland began following the EU rules. So, from those tables, the answer to the question is 1996; from 1981 to 1995 the start date was the same as now, but the end date was either the same or a week earlier, depending on the specific year's calendar.
I've only shown the rules from 1948 on; before that it gets more complicated, what with double summer time.
These database entries can be found by downloading this file, unpacking it using gunzip and tar (on UNIX or Linux that's how, anyway), and examining the file "europe". Note that there are many comment lines in addition, and that for each location the entries are shown sorted by year rather than grouping the start-summer-time and end-summer-time lines as I've done here. -- 50.100.193.30 ( talk) 07:22, 6 April 2014 (UTC)
A few years back I read the memoirs of a Soviet General who commanded Red Army forces in the campaigns from Ukraine into Romania and Hungary. It covered the period 1944-1945. It was published in English by a western publishing house. Anyone have an idea what this book might be? -- Gary123 ( talk) 16:28, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
Has there been a recent increase or a decrease? -- Euinoite ( talk) 19:04, 5 April 2014 (UTC)
Forum-style comment |
---|
The following discussion has been closed. Please do not modify it. |
|
Valiantis ( talk) 13:38, 7 April 2014 (UTC)"Statistics South Africa continues to classify people by population group, in order to monitor progress in moving away from the apartheid-based discrimination of the past. However membership of a population group is now based on self-perception and self-classification, not on a legal definition. Five options were provided on the questionnaire, Black African, Coloured, Indian or Asian, White, and Other." [1]