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verification. (September 2012) |
The culture of Albania combines influences and elements of the Byzantine, Roman, and Ottoman empires [1]. Albanians are a native Balkan people, and are widely believed to have historical ethnic relationship with the ancient Illyrians.Until the Ottoman empire, the Albanian people had a scare unity of culture and geographic centers, having been spread out in small groups all over southeastern Europe, mainly in Greece [2]. During the time of the Ottoman empire, the Albanian people began to settle in larger groups in towns, thus starting to form a sense of united nationality rather than nomadic separated tribes. Religion was the primary factor of cultural identity for the Albanian people until the late 19th century, enforced by the Ottoman empire [3].
In the 20th century, most of the sense of national identity built up was demolished by the Stalin dictatorship regime which lasted from 1944 to 1990. The result was a loss of traditional architecture and cuisine, as well as the formation and implementation of the caste system [4]. The fall of the communist regime left Albania in a chaotic and unstructured state, with widespread poverty, political unrest, and little remaining infrastructure [5].
Today, Albania is comprised of a 65% Muslim population. There exist two cultural groups, the Ghegs of the North and the Tosks of the South. Although there are significant cultural differences between the two, they are united in a strong national identity. However, troubles of political unrest and poverty still burden the country [6].
| Part of a series on |
| Albanians |
|---|
 |
| By country |
|
| Culture |
| Religion |
| Languages and dialects |
The education system in Albania is secular. The literacy rate for the adult population is 96%. [7] Elementary education is compulsory (grades 1–9), but most students continue at least until a secondary education (grades 10–12). Students must pass graduation exams at the end of the 9th grade and at the end of the 12th grade in order to continue their education. There are about 5000, mostly public, schools throughout the country and the academic year is divided into two semesters. The school year begins in September and finishes in late May or early June. There are public and private universities all around the country and also an online university, WORLWIDE University that offers different branch.
Albanian myths can be divided into two major groups: legends of metamorphosis and historical legends. Some of the best known legends are: Rozafa, Besa e Kostandinit, Gjergj Elez Alia, Ymer Agë Ulqini, and Cikli i Kreshnikëve.
Football is the most popular sport in Albania. The most followed sports event is the FIFA World Cup. As of February 2011 [update], Albania was ranked 50th by FIFA. Other played sports include basketball, volleyball, and gymnastics.
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The dress of the Muslim bride is characterized by its elegance and transparency, in that of the Catholic one can see full colors. The Catholic bride's dress is characterized by its picturesque effects and harmony.
There are two types of Muslim wedding dresses. One is worked on a "shajak" (large piece of wool) and with floral motives worked with "gajtan" (kind of rope) black cotton, sometimes mixed with green. The other one is worked in the same material but with red color. Different from the first here the motifs are enriched with full colors. The difference between this two dresses that at the first dress the motifs occupy all the area, at the second it occupies a little part in the front and back. These dresses have a belt worked with gold and grain necklaces in red, rose, orange creating all together a warm surface. Here the motifs are very small.
This gallery of costumes, richness of colors, sentiments are a big experience of lots of years of a population like ours, not only for the ability to conserve alive the tradition, inheriting it generations after generations, but also for conserving the high technique of elaboration or the high artistic level.
The dress is tripped from the transparent white, shiny, soft, which spreads all over the body, and is intended to suggest tranquility and a warm purity. This game is achieved through the white of the base material and the gold thread over. This dress is composed by the "barnaveke": some kind of very long pants which seem a skirt. In the upper part is worn a shirt and over it a "jelek" (waistcoat).
Ritual songs name various elements which contain "pajen" of the girl, which are the goods parents give to the daughter to wear, to furnish the house, gifts for her husband and the intimate cousins. The preparation of the "paja" for the parents of the bride is a pleasure which means also accomplishing the obligations toward the daughter. This is also an expression of the love of parents, but is connected with the economical conditions of the family.
"Dhunti" in Shkodra means the gifts that the groom prepares for the bride during the engagement, mainly clothes, jewelry, gold ornaments and tricks, which are sent to her a few days before the wedding. In addition to those received by the family of his father, the bride takes many gifts from the groom and his family. "Dhuntia", which had a considerable monetary value, was prepared with great care by the family of the boy, because in some way embodied respect and love for his young bride, to whom these gifts were made, love for their son that he married at the same time was also a representation of the family in its economic and aesthetic. In "dhunti" there were enough clothes and items for use at all times, in joy and in sorrow, which expressed particular attention to the role of women.
In 1924, Idromeno drew the picture Dasma Shkodrane ("Shkodra wedding"), which immediately became known to the general public and was an accurate description of the original customs of the country. The environment is characteristic of Shkodra, the houses enclosed by high walls, windows, trees, chimneys, and minarets.
- Albanian language
- Albanian folklore
- Cinema of Albania
- Albanian art
- Albanian music
- Albanian rock
- Albanian comics
- Albanian cuisine
- Tourism in Albania
- Music of Albania
- Religion in Albania
- wikiquote:Albanian proverbs
- List of Albanian writers
- Radio Televizioni Shqiptar
- Albanian sworn virgins
- Albanian e-learning
-
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"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) - ^ "Albania - Statistics". UNICEF. Retrieved 2012-09-17.
- Ministry of Tourism, Culture, Youth, and Sports of Albania
- The History of Albanian Literature (Website in English)
- Cultural Heritage of Albania Brochure
- Explorations in Folklore 3: My Albanian Journey
- National Library of Albania
- Books about Albania and the Albanian people (scribd.com) Reference of books (and some journal articles) about Albania and the Albanian people; their history, language, origin, culture, literature, etc. Public domain books, fully accessible online.
User:Ecferaru/sandboxarticle2 User:Ecferaru/sandboxarticle3
| This article needs additional citations for
verification. (September 2012) |
The culture of Albania combines influences and elements of the Byzantine, Roman, and Ottoman empires [1]. Albanians are a native Balkan people, and are widely believed to have historical ethnic relationship with the ancient Illyrians.Until the Ottoman empire, the Albanian people had a scare unity of culture and geographic centers, having been spread out in small groups all over southeastern Europe, mainly in Greece [2]. During the time of the Ottoman empire, the Albanian people began to settle in larger groups in towns, thus starting to form a sense of united nationality rather than nomadic separated tribes. Religion was the primary factor of cultural identity for the Albanian people until the late 19th century, enforced by the Ottoman empire [3].
In the 20th century, most of the sense of national identity built up was demolished by the Stalin dictatorship regime which lasted from 1944 to 1990. The result was a loss of traditional architecture and cuisine, as well as the formation and implementation of the caste system [4]. The fall of the communist regime left Albania in a chaotic and unstructured state, with widespread poverty, political unrest, and little remaining infrastructure [5].
Today, Albania is comprised of a 65% Muslim population. There exist two cultural groups, the Ghegs of the North and the Tosks of the South. Although there are significant cultural differences between the two, they are united in a strong national identity. However, troubles of political unrest and poverty still burden the country [6].
| Part of a series on |
| Albanians |
|---|
|
|
| By country |
|
| Culture |
| Religion |
| Languages and dialects |
The education system in Albania is secular. The literacy rate for the adult population is 96%. [7] Elementary education is compulsory (grades 1–9), but most students continue at least until a secondary education (grades 10–12). Students must pass graduation exams at the end of the 9th grade and at the end of the 12th grade in order to continue their education. There are about 5000, mostly public, schools throughout the country and the academic year is divided into two semesters. The school year begins in September and finishes in late May or early June. There are public and private universities all around the country and also an online university, WORLWIDE University that offers different branch.
Albanian myths can be divided into two major groups: legends of metamorphosis and historical legends. Some of the best known legends are: Rozafa, Besa e Kostandinit, Gjergj Elez Alia, Ymer Agë Ulqini, and Cikli i Kreshnikëve.
Football is the most popular sport in Albania. The most followed sports event is the FIFA World Cup. As of February 2011 [update], Albania was ranked 50th by FIFA. Other played sports include basketball, volleyball, and gymnastics.
|
The dress of the Muslim bride is characterized by its elegance and transparency, in that of the Catholic one can see full colors. The Catholic bride's dress is characterized by its picturesque effects and harmony.
There are two types of Muslim wedding dresses. One is worked on a "shajak" (large piece of wool) and with floral motives worked with "gajtan" (kind of rope) black cotton, sometimes mixed with green. The other one is worked in the same material but with red color. Different from the first here the motifs are enriched with full colors. The difference between this two dresses that at the first dress the motifs occupy all the area, at the second it occupies a little part in the front and back. These dresses have a belt worked with gold and grain necklaces in red, rose, orange creating all together a warm surface. Here the motifs are very small.
This gallery of costumes, richness of colors, sentiments are a big experience of lots of years of a population like ours, not only for the ability to conserve alive the tradition, inheriting it generations after generations, but also for conserving the high technique of elaboration or the high artistic level.
The dress is tripped from the transparent white, shiny, soft, which spreads all over the body, and is intended to suggest tranquility and a warm purity. This game is achieved through the white of the base material and the gold thread over. This dress is composed by the "barnaveke": some kind of very long pants which seem a skirt. In the upper part is worn a shirt and over it a "jelek" (waistcoat).
Ritual songs name various elements which contain "pajen" of the girl, which are the goods parents give to the daughter to wear, to furnish the house, gifts for her husband and the intimate cousins. The preparation of the "paja" for the parents of the bride is a pleasure which means also accomplishing the obligations toward the daughter. This is also an expression of the love of parents, but is connected with the economical conditions of the family.
"Dhunti" in Shkodra means the gifts that the groom prepares for the bride during the engagement, mainly clothes, jewelry, gold ornaments and tricks, which are sent to her a few days before the wedding. In addition to those received by the family of his father, the bride takes many gifts from the groom and his family. "Dhuntia", which had a considerable monetary value, was prepared with great care by the family of the boy, because in some way embodied respect and love for his young bride, to whom these gifts were made, love for their son that he married at the same time was also a representation of the family in its economic and aesthetic. In "dhunti" there were enough clothes and items for use at all times, in joy and in sorrow, which expressed particular attention to the role of women.
In 1924, Idromeno drew the picture Dasma Shkodrane ("Shkodra wedding"), which immediately became known to the general public and was an accurate description of the original customs of the country. The environment is characteristic of Shkodra, the houses enclosed by high walls, windows, trees, chimneys, and minarets.
- Albanian language
- Albanian folklore
- Cinema of Albania
- Albanian art
- Albanian music
- Albanian rock
- Albanian comics
- Albanian cuisine
- Tourism in Albania
- Music of Albania
- Religion in Albania
- wikiquote:Albanian proverbs
- List of Albanian writers
- Radio Televizioni Shqiptar
- Albanian sworn virgins
- Albanian e-learning
-
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) -
^
"Albania". Countries and their Cultures. Advameg Inc. Retrieved Oct.25/2013.
{{ cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=( help) - ^ "Albania - Statistics". UNICEF. Retrieved 2012-09-17.
- Ministry of Tourism, Culture, Youth, and Sports of Albania
- The History of Albanian Literature (Website in English)
- Cultural Heritage of Albania Brochure
- Explorations in Folklore 3: My Albanian Journey
- National Library of Albania
- Books about Albania and the Albanian people (scribd.com) Reference of books (and some journal articles) about Albania and the Albanian people; their history, language, origin, culture, literature, etc. Public domain books, fully accessible online.
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