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I am removing the claim
"However, a far more effective method is to both greatly reduce, eliminate carbohydrate intake (and reduce stored body fats) because it is absorbed carbohydrates, converted to triglyceride fats for storage, which drive high triglyceride concentrations.[11]"
There are two issues. The first is that the citation given does not substantiate the claim at all. It simply discusses the basics of fat/protein/carb storage in the body, but makes no claim on blood trigliceryde levels.
The second issue is that the claim that "absorbed carbohydrates, converted to triglycerides" is incorrect. De novo lipogenesis (carbohydrates converted to triglycerides for storage) does not occur in most dietary conditions in humans (see: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10365981 ).
— Preceding unsigned comment added by 205.215.248.84 ( talk) 20:56, 8 December 2016 (UTC)
Removed the claim:
It has also been proved that it can slow down and in some case reverse the growth of Huntinton's disease
because
So I added a link to the NIH site that discusses Fish oil and omega-3s. David.Throop 20:36, 14 February 2006 (UTC)
Same site has removed Talk page discussion of fishoilblog from EPA, DHA, Cod liver oil and Fish oil pages.
I don't understand the complaint about the citation style. The citation links seem to be in pretty good shape to me. The person adding the warning didn't leave any specifics about suggested improvements. I'm removing the Citationstyle link; I'm open to restoring it if someone has some specific requests. David.Throop 20:41, 1 October 2007 (UTC)
I added a link to snake oil. The Chinese water snake, Enhydris chinensis, is richest known EPA source - the diet of the water snake consists almost solely on fish. Its fat contains even more EPA than that of salmon. 62.237.141.27 16:49, 12 October 2007 (UTC)
There are some quite important health claims implied in this article. These are not referenced to good quality research, reference 1 is a nutritionist's web site! If EPA is capable of a fraction of what is claimed, research groups all over the world would by now have conducted proper randomised trials and the meta analysis would be avalible. In fact the references are all old implying "cherry picking" of research, a key tactic in snake oil sales Enverdog ( talk) 16:07, 24 October 2011 (UTC)
I removed the sentence
because it was not supported by the citation given. (The citation says that several Cytochrome P450 enzymes are inhibited, but makes no medical recommendation.) David.Throop 21:43, 5 November 2007 (UTC)
I am not the original author, but I disagree with this removal. Inhibiting cytochrome p450 would give excellent reason to give general caution in this instance.. Going into the details would be overly complicated for the purposes of this article, moreover it is not the place of Wikipedia to make direct medical recommendations.
Patients should be made aware of this, so they can investigate further and more importantly, discuss it with their doctor.
As a researcher, I would have appreciated this reference still being made available. Genetikbliss ( talk) 17:02, 1 August 2019 (UTC)
"The US National Institute of Health's MedlinePlus lists a large number of conditions in which EPA (alone or in concert with other ω-3 sources) is known or thought to be effective."
That statement is needlessly vague. "Conditions" could refer to anything from bliss to polka-dottedness. "Large numbers" might only mean millions, but it could mean millions of googolplexes. Worst of all, "effective" seems to indicate that EPA causes the condition. Is that what Wikipedia means to say? Unfree ( talk) 11:15, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
but the Finnish article for EPA claims §Ethyl-EPA is not in the form of monoglyceride, diglyceride nor triglyceride, like traditional fish oils where fatty acids have bonded into glycerol.§, translated well enough hopefully in 01am.
It is strange that the unsaturated fatty acid is known as icosapentaenoic acid and not icosanoic acid. It appears to be icosanoic acid. Like propanoic acid, ethanoic acid, and the like. Why this strangeness in name, especially, in the IUPAC nomenclature? Bkpsusmitaa ( talk) 15:18, 9 November 2014 (UTC)
How is Vascepa manufactured?
Is the source synthetically derived? Genetikbliss ( talk) 17:04, 1 August 2019 (UTC)
![]() | This edit request by an editor with a conflict of interest has now been answered. |
In the section on Clinical significance following the first paragraph ending with the sentence "Most of these involve its ability to lower inflammation" please add:
EPA has been approved by the FDA alone and in combination with other ingredients as an adjunct to diet to reduce triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with very high triglycerides (VHTG). [1] When used to reduce very high triglycerides, defined as TG ≥ 500 mg/dL, the FDA-approved prescription EPA-only omega-3 fatty acid product was not associated with increases in LDL-C as compared to placebo in a clinical trial. [2] Prescription and supplement omega-3 fatty acid mixtures that contain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may elevate LDL-C. [3]
EPA has been identified as a potent antioxidant. Antioxidants may play a role by protecting against the toxic effects of free radicals. [4] EPA has been shown to benefit endothelial function [5] and lipid peroxidation in humans [6], both of which are associated with atherosclerosis. Due to its potent antioxidant effects, EPA, compared with other TG-lowering agents and DHA, uniquely reduces lipoprotein oxidation in-vitro. [7] [8] [9]Further, improvements in endothelial function, represented by changes in nitric oxide (NO) release, alone and in combination with statin, have been observed with EPA, but not DHA or other triglyceride-lowering agents. [10] [11] When tested in vitro in model membrane lipid vesicles, EPA, but not other TG-lowering agents tested in this model, inhibited the formation of cholesterol crystalline domains associated with atherosclerosis. [12]
Further down in that section following the sentence "EPA has an inhibitory effect on the CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 hepatic enzymes. At high dose, it may also inhibit the activity of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 important enzymes involved in drug metabolism." please add the follownig sentence:
In human pharmacokinetic studies, no drug to drug interactions were observed with EPA in combination with omeprazole, rosiglitazone, warfarin, and atorvastatin which are typical substrates of cytochrome P450 enzymes. [13] [14] [15] [16] 5020QVRoad ( talk) 18:18, 20 April 2015 (UTC)
References
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==Quality and Priority==
I judge EPA's priority (importance) to to be 'High', as it gets a pretty good amount of mention in the popular press. However, most of what makes it that important is well covered at related articles ( eicosanoid, fish oil...). I judge it's quality to be Start. It has some basic info and some citations. Some of what it's lacking:
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Last edited at 21:47, 5 November 2007 (UTC). Substituted at 14:15, 29 April 2016 (UTC)
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I am removing the claim
"However, a far more effective method is to both greatly reduce, eliminate carbohydrate intake (and reduce stored body fats) because it is absorbed carbohydrates, converted to triglyceride fats for storage, which drive high triglyceride concentrations.[11]"
There are two issues. The first is that the citation given does not substantiate the claim at all. It simply discusses the basics of fat/protein/carb storage in the body, but makes no claim on blood trigliceryde levels.
The second issue is that the claim that "absorbed carbohydrates, converted to triglycerides" is incorrect. De novo lipogenesis (carbohydrates converted to triglycerides for storage) does not occur in most dietary conditions in humans (see: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10365981 ).
— Preceding unsigned comment added by 205.215.248.84 ( talk) 20:56, 8 December 2016 (UTC)
Removed the claim:
It has also been proved that it can slow down and in some case reverse the growth of Huntinton's disease
because
So I added a link to the NIH site that discusses Fish oil and omega-3s. David.Throop 20:36, 14 February 2006 (UTC)
Same site has removed Talk page discussion of fishoilblog from EPA, DHA, Cod liver oil and Fish oil pages.
I don't understand the complaint about the citation style. The citation links seem to be in pretty good shape to me. The person adding the warning didn't leave any specifics about suggested improvements. I'm removing the Citationstyle link; I'm open to restoring it if someone has some specific requests. David.Throop 20:41, 1 October 2007 (UTC)
I added a link to snake oil. The Chinese water snake, Enhydris chinensis, is richest known EPA source - the diet of the water snake consists almost solely on fish. Its fat contains even more EPA than that of salmon. 62.237.141.27 16:49, 12 October 2007 (UTC)
There are some quite important health claims implied in this article. These are not referenced to good quality research, reference 1 is a nutritionist's web site! If EPA is capable of a fraction of what is claimed, research groups all over the world would by now have conducted proper randomised trials and the meta analysis would be avalible. In fact the references are all old implying "cherry picking" of research, a key tactic in snake oil sales Enverdog ( talk) 16:07, 24 October 2011 (UTC)
I removed the sentence
because it was not supported by the citation given. (The citation says that several Cytochrome P450 enzymes are inhibited, but makes no medical recommendation.) David.Throop 21:43, 5 November 2007 (UTC)
I am not the original author, but I disagree with this removal. Inhibiting cytochrome p450 would give excellent reason to give general caution in this instance.. Going into the details would be overly complicated for the purposes of this article, moreover it is not the place of Wikipedia to make direct medical recommendations.
Patients should be made aware of this, so they can investigate further and more importantly, discuss it with their doctor.
As a researcher, I would have appreciated this reference still being made available. Genetikbliss ( talk) 17:02, 1 August 2019 (UTC)
"The US National Institute of Health's MedlinePlus lists a large number of conditions in which EPA (alone or in concert with other ω-3 sources) is known or thought to be effective."
That statement is needlessly vague. "Conditions" could refer to anything from bliss to polka-dottedness. "Large numbers" might only mean millions, but it could mean millions of googolplexes. Worst of all, "effective" seems to indicate that EPA causes the condition. Is that what Wikipedia means to say? Unfree ( talk) 11:15, 23 May 2008 (UTC)
but the Finnish article for EPA claims §Ethyl-EPA is not in the form of monoglyceride, diglyceride nor triglyceride, like traditional fish oils where fatty acids have bonded into glycerol.§, translated well enough hopefully in 01am.
It is strange that the unsaturated fatty acid is known as icosapentaenoic acid and not icosanoic acid. It appears to be icosanoic acid. Like propanoic acid, ethanoic acid, and the like. Why this strangeness in name, especially, in the IUPAC nomenclature? Bkpsusmitaa ( talk) 15:18, 9 November 2014 (UTC)
How is Vascepa manufactured?
Is the source synthetically derived? Genetikbliss ( talk) 17:04, 1 August 2019 (UTC)
![]() | This edit request by an editor with a conflict of interest has now been answered. |
In the section on Clinical significance following the first paragraph ending with the sentence "Most of these involve its ability to lower inflammation" please add:
EPA has been approved by the FDA alone and in combination with other ingredients as an adjunct to diet to reduce triglyceride (TG) levels in patients with very high triglycerides (VHTG). [1] When used to reduce very high triglycerides, defined as TG ≥ 500 mg/dL, the FDA-approved prescription EPA-only omega-3 fatty acid product was not associated with increases in LDL-C as compared to placebo in a clinical trial. [2] Prescription and supplement omega-3 fatty acid mixtures that contain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may elevate LDL-C. [3]
EPA has been identified as a potent antioxidant. Antioxidants may play a role by protecting against the toxic effects of free radicals. [4] EPA has been shown to benefit endothelial function [5] and lipid peroxidation in humans [6], both of which are associated with atherosclerosis. Due to its potent antioxidant effects, EPA, compared with other TG-lowering agents and DHA, uniquely reduces lipoprotein oxidation in-vitro. [7] [8] [9]Further, improvements in endothelial function, represented by changes in nitric oxide (NO) release, alone and in combination with statin, have been observed with EPA, but not DHA or other triglyceride-lowering agents. [10] [11] When tested in vitro in model membrane lipid vesicles, EPA, but not other TG-lowering agents tested in this model, inhibited the formation of cholesterol crystalline domains associated with atherosclerosis. [12]
Further down in that section following the sentence "EPA has an inhibitory effect on the CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 hepatic enzymes. At high dose, it may also inhibit the activity of CYP2D6 and CYP3A4 important enzymes involved in drug metabolism." please add the follownig sentence:
In human pharmacokinetic studies, no drug to drug interactions were observed with EPA in combination with omeprazole, rosiglitazone, warfarin, and atorvastatin which are typical substrates of cytochrome P450 enzymes. [13] [14] [15] [16] 5020QVRoad ( talk) 18:18, 20 April 2015 (UTC)
References
{{
cite journal}}
: |access-date=
requires |url=
(
help)
{{
cite journal}}
: |access-date=
requires |url=
(
help)
{{
cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(
help)
{{
cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(
help)
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The comment(s) below were originally left at Talk:Eicosapentaenoic acid/Comments, and are posted here for posterity. Following several discussions in past years, these subpages are now deprecated. The comments may be irrelevant or outdated; if so, please feel free to remove this section.
Comment(s) | Press [show] to view → |
---|---|
==Quality and Priority==
I judge EPA's priority (importance) to to be 'High', as it gets a pretty good amount of mention in the popular press. However, most of what makes it that important is well covered at related articles ( eicosanoid, fish oil...). I judge it's quality to be Start. It has some basic info and some citations. Some of what it's lacking:
|
Last edited at 21:47, 5 November 2007 (UTC). Substituted at 14:15, 29 April 2016 (UTC)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot ( Report bug) 10:07, 21 December 2016 (UTC)