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Have replaced image of York Minster statue with that of possible portait of Edward I in Westminster Abbey. The reason behind this is, of course, down to the obvious fact that this image is associated with Edward I much more strongly among the (British) public. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.134.8.0 ( talk) 23:39, 1 August 2008 (UTC)
Is a 'possibly of' image appropriate for a title infobox? If there are no reliable images then I don't think that including a 'possibly' image is appropriate. If there is no contemporaneous image of someone then I don't think it is appropriate to include a 'maybe' image instead. On a secondary topic the face on this painting looks like it was redone by a 10 year old. Even it it was genuine at some point clearly it is no longer original. Mtpaley ( talk) 21:19, 18 July 2013 (UTC)
I admit that if this is the generally accepted image it should be used but there is still the obvious fact that the painting has been vandalised/tweaked/contemporised or whatever phrase you choose to use. The face is obviously painted over the original, surely nobody could deny that. It seems unreasonable that wikipedia should show this painting without prominent text saying that it is almost certainly incorrect or at least heavily tweaked to fit later preconceptions. Mtpaley ( talk) 20:57, 9 August 2013 (UTC)
"He was voted the 94th greatest Briton in the 2002 poll of 100 Greatest Britons." - is this an encyclopaedia entry or a page in Q magazine? This is such a trivial piece of information to be displayed in the opening paragraph of the entry I feel. 64.228.30.134 18:43, 28 January 2003 (UTC)
It has been proposed that the category Category:Antisemitism_(People) be deleted. Since it has been proposed to add this article to that category, please consider voting on it at: Wikipedia:Categories for deletion#Category:Antisemitism (People)-- CTSWyneken 21:13, 24 January 2006 (UTC)
I came across a thing of the Bush Family's Geneology, and it says in the 24 generation, he was related to King edward 1. Should it be mentioned? the url is http://www.svu2000.org/genealogy/George_W.pdf Seamus215 01:15, 21 May 2006 (UTC)
Among the lasting misconceptions concerning Edward's involvement in the question over the vacant Scottish throne is that he deliberately chose John Balliol as the creature of his ambitions. In 1290 the Scots, unable to settle the question of the succession by any internal process, invited Edward's arbitration to prevent the outbreak of a dynastic war. Although Edward insisted that he be recognized as the feudal superior of Scotland before giving the matter his full attention, the whole process that followed was both exhaustive and scrupulously fair. Edward did not 'pick' John Balliol; he emerged as the strongest candidate, being senior in descent from a former Scottish king. He was selected by a panel of arbiters, appointed by the leading candidates. Edward then gave formal judgement in his favour. These simple truths should not detract from Edward's later misuse of the feudal concessions he had gained. Rcpaterson 02:25, 29 May 2006 (UTC) Not quite so...Edward was asked to administer the court, not to arbitrate. This is an important distinction. John Balliol was certainly the correct legal heir and the decision was made by the jurors, not Edward.
Doubt this goes here but here goes: I didn't see any mention whatsoever of how Longshankes captured Scottish Royal females & friends fo the Scottish Royal family; and had them imprisoned. Though this may not be something very important, or out of the ordinary; but it would be if three of the Scottish females were locked up in an actual cage! One Scottish female who was locked in a cage, happend to be the sole heir to the Scottish throne, who happend to be barely tweleve years of age! Something this huge should be mentioned in his article.
The additional information concerning the persecution and murder of Jews in England by Edward I, was taken from the Government of Ontario, Canada television service, TVO. The weekly series, made in Britain, is title A History of Britain. For more information see the following external link: [2]
I believe that no less an authority than Winston Churchill wrote in "Birth of Britain" that Edward II borrowed money from the Jewish money lenders and expelled them to avoid paying it back. I do not believe it was taxation, according to Churchill. 12.201.78.219 02:29, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
Updated his issue according to these sites: 1 and 2.
Both of them mention two daughters, Beatrice and Blanche, born between 1986 and 1290 (Eleanor's death). They also mention Juliana (or Katherine), born in Palestine circa 1271, as well as Alice (1278-79) and a second Elizabeth (in one of them listed as being born in 1292, which is impossible since the queen had died 2 years earlier, and in the other one listed as born in the same year as Alice - twins?). The first Katherine (twin to Eleanor) is not menioned anywhere, probably due to an early death or confusion with the younger Katherine (called Juliana). 82.154.43.195 20:25, 21 November 2006 (UTC)
The section about the Expulsion on this page indicates that the reasons for the Expulsion had nothing to do with finances. While finances were not the only reason, they did play a factor. As this section lacks any citations, I'll be rewriting it once I get a hold of my books on the English Jewry. -- Sidhebolg 20:46, 29 March 2007 (UTC)
My question is the number of children listed in the article. Why so many? I just read in The Times Kings & Queens of The British Isles, by Thomas Cussans ISBN 0-0071-4195-5 (page 86), where it states Edward (age 15) & Eleanor (age 13) when they were married went on to have 15 children of which 9 died. The article says they had 16 and the number of kids listed in the article is 17. The numbers dont add up! Dthem 2000 08:07, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Image:Patrick mcgoohan.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.
Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Wikipedia:Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.
If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. BetacommandBot 07:07, 6 June 2007 (UTC)
Does anyone know why he was called Longshanks? 147.114.226.173 12:14, 23 August 2007 (UTC)
About his hight has anything been verified ???? i mean in modes times and not 237 hundred years ago! how reliable is an 18th century english account that reported that his body had been well preserved ?, and measured the king's body to be 6 feet 2 inches ??? (perhaps exaggerated)?? and is the value of fete still the same as in the 18th century ?? and finally could this prove that william wallace or robert the bruce (about an inch or two shorter but never mentioned for his hight) were exceptionally tall too -- Cormag100 ( talk) 22:25, 19 January 2012 (UTC)
As you clearly have discovered, the Wikipedia page on Edward I does not really do proper justice to a seminal reign (Why, I would have to ask, is there such a large section on contact with the Mongols, a minor episode, out of all proportion?! And the picture of Patrick McGoohan as the absurd 'Longshanks' from Braveheart is grossly out of place!) The real point to hold in mind here is that Edward was a complex man. Do not, I urge you, fall into the trap opened by the question you face; for Edward was both law-maker and law-breaker; Justinian and Joshua! He was certainly a 'bully' when it came to dealing with the Welsh and the Scots, jealous in every way of his imperial and feudal rights. But he could also be quite overbearing when it came to his own subjects. At the beginning of his reign, determined to restore some of the rights of the crown eroded during the reign of Henry III, his politically inept father, he instituted a series of legal inquiries, known as Quo Warranto. By this he challenged holders of liberties, particularly those with jurisdictions, like that enjoyed by the Palatinate of Durham, to prove that they held these by legal title. These investigations were a source of much friction, and Edward was compelled to modify his legal offensive in 1290 under political pressure from his barons. But it also provides an insight into the lawyer-like and nit-picking mentality with which Edward doggedly pursued the prerogatives of the crown, a clue to his later attitude towards his feudal superiority over Scotland.
So, yes, something of a single-minded bully, without a great deal of interest in constitutional niceties. Yet consider this: in 1275, not long after the beginning of his reign, he wrote to the Pope, explaining that he could do nothing concerning the power of the crown without "consulting the magnates and the prelates." It was during his reign that Parliament began to be a regular feature of the English political landscape. In the summons for that of 1295 it was announced that "What touches all should be approved by all.", meaning that taxation could only be granted by consent, one of the great founding principles of English constitutional law. It was during this time that the census known as the Hundred Rolls was taken, the first comprehensive survey of English property rights since the earlier Domesday Book. As a result, the law was further refined in the Stute of Westminster, and other law codes issue subsequent to this document. So, here is your English Justinian!
In ever sense, therfore, Edward was the perfect feudal lawyer; therin lies his strength, and therin lies his weakness. For his notions of what was right were often so narrowly defined and pursued with a single-minded purpose, regardless of the political damage caused, and with hidden costs to the crown. Unlike his father, he was a good soldier; but his conquest of Wales, and the attendant castle building, was ruinously expensive. It would have been wise to consolidate and pause for reflection, but the vacancy of the Scottish crown following the death in 1290 of Margaret opened what was to be known as the Great Cause. It was, perhaps, the defining moment of Edward's reign, confirming that jealousy of privilege and title that marked the outset of his reign in England. He came to Scotland as a lawyer, and as a bully; and he fought his wars in Scotland as a lawyer, and as a bully. You see-and this is a point that is often overlooked-Edward never, at any point claimed the crown of Scotland for himself: he simply fought to maintain his position as feudal overlord, granted to him by the Scots in 1292. Even in 1305, when the conquest seemed to be complete, Edward produced Ordinances for the government of Scotland, of which he is Lord, not King. Clio the Muse 01:41, 1 September 2007 (UTC)
The tone of some of this piece is doubtful. Language under the image of Edward's US Congress Portrait is particularly doubtful. Claiming that Edward began the parliamentary system borders on ludicrous. This should be discussed and ammended accordingly. Zach Beauvais 19:15, 5 October 2007 (UTC)
Why is the picture at the very top left hand side of this page the same as the Edward II page? shouldnt there be diferent pictures? Lovingnews1989 ( talk) 04:14, 25 November 2007 (UTC)
I dispute the complete deletion of any mention of the relations of Edwards I with the Mongols [3]. This is a well-known and important part of Edward's life, which, in my opinion fully deserves representation in an Encyclopedia claiming to be "the sum of all knowledge". Deleting such important and referenced information seems quite incredible and unjustified. Deleted paragraphs:
As soon as Edward arrived in Acre, he sent an embassy to the Mongol ruler of Persia Abagha, an enemy of the Muslims. The embassy was led by Reginald Rossel, Godefroi of Waus and John of Parker, and its mission was to obtain military support from the Mongols. [1] In an answer dated September 4, 1271, Abagha agreed for cooperation and asked at what date the concerted attack on the Mamluks should take place.
The arrival of the additional forces of Hugh III of Cyprus further emboldened Edward, who engaged in a raid on the town of Qaqun. At the end of October 1271, the Mongol troops requested by Edward arrived in Syria and ravaged the land from Aleppo southward. Abagha, occupied by other conflicts in Turkestan could only send 10,000 Mongol horsemen under general Samagar from the occupation army in Seljuk Anatolia, plus auxiliary Seljukid troops, but they triggered an exodus of Muslim populations (who remembered the previous campaigns of Kithuqa) as far south as Cairo. [2]
When Baibars mounted a counter-offensive from Egypt on November 12th, the Mongols had already retreated beyond the Euphrates, but these unsettling events allowed Edward to negotiate a ten year peace treaty with the Mamluks.
At this point Edward was forced to return to England, having heard of his father's death. He remained in communication with the Mongols, and when a delegation was sent by Abagha to the Second Council of Lyons in 1274, the Mongol embassy visited Edward after the Council on January 28, 1275. A letter from Edward is known, in which he acknowledges Abagha's promise to fight together with the Crusaders. [3]
Overall, Edward's crusade was rather insignificant and only gave the city of Acre a reprieve of ten years. However, Edward's reputation was greatly enhanced by his participation in the crusade and was hailed by some contemporary commentators as a new Richard the Lionheart. Furthermore, some historians believe Edward was inspired by the design of the castles he saw while on crusade, such as Krak des Chevaliers, and incorporated similar features into the castles he built to secure portions of Wales, such as Caernarfon Castle.
Later contacts with the Mongols
The Mongol ruler Arghun sent several embassies to European rulers from 1287, to invite them to join in combined operations against the Mamluks in the Holy Land. In 1287, he sent the Nestorian Rabban Bar Sauma, with the objective of contracting a military alliance to fight the Muslims in the Middle-East, and take the city of Jerusalem. Sauma returned in 1288 with positive letters from Pope Nicholas IV, Edward I of England, and Philip IV the Fair of France whom he had all visited. He met with Edward in the city of Bordeaux: [4].
"King Edward rejoiced greatly, and he was especially glad when Rabban Sauma talked about the matter of Jerusalem. And he said "We the kings of these cities bear upon our bodies the sign of the Cross, and we have no subject of thought except this matter. And my mind is relieved on the subject about which I have been thinking, when I hear that King Arghun thinketh as I think"
— Account of the travels of Rabban Bar Sauma, Chap. VII. [5]In 1289, Arghun sent a third mission to Europe, in the person of Buscarel of Gisolfe, a Genoese who had settled in Persia. The objective of the mission was to determine at what date concerted Christian and Mongol efforts could start. Arghun committed to march his troops as soon as the Crusaders had disambarked at Saint-Jean-d'Acre. Buscarel was in Rome between July 15th and September 30th 1289. He was in Paris in November-December 1289. Buscarel then went to England to bring Arghun's message to Edward I. He arrived in London January 5, 1290. Edward, whose answer has been preserved, answered enthusiastically to the project but remained evasive and failed to make a clear commitment, probably because of the difficult internal situation with the Welsh and the Scots. [6] Edward sent a prominent English notable, Sir Geoffrey de Langley, to accompany Buscarel back to Persia. [7]
Arghun then sent a fourth mission to European courts in 1290, led by a certain Chagan or Khagan, who was accompanied by Buscarel of Gisolfe and a Christian named Sabadin. Arghun's death on March 10, 1290, deprived the plan of a motivating force. On May 18, 1291, Saint-Jean-d'Acre was conquered by the Mamluks following a six week siege.
These attempts to mount a combined offensive had mainly failed because of the internal conflicts which preoccupied the European monarchs and this pattern was to continue.
In March 1302, Edward I would again respond to Mongol proposals (this time from Ghazan), explaining that he supported combined action but that he was obliged to give priority to challenges from nearby states:"The wars that trouble Christiandom have blocked us for a long time from taking, as we would like, resolutions regarding the Holy Land. But when the Pope will have established favourable conditions, we will gladly commit all our forces to this enterprise, for which we wish a successful outcome, more than anything in the world."
— Letter from Edward I to Ghazan, 12 March 1302, Westminster. [8]
Comments welcome. PHG ( talk) 17:52, 15 March 2008 (UTC)
References
I did some copyediting on this topic and added a reference note a while back. I've just noticed the following on the Humanities Ref Desk:
Edward I and the Edict of Expulsion
In your page on Edward I of England there is a section on the 1290 expulsion of the Jews. Some possible reasons are given for King Edward's decision, though nothing very specific. I would be grateful for any info on the reasons behind the precise timing of this measure. Thanks. Dora Kaplan ( talk) 13:07, 17 March 2008 (UTC)
- In truth, no-one really knows, although plenty speculate. Our article dismisses the usury angle because there was little for the crown to gain, but I think there's a good chance it may be relevant, particularly from the angle of baronial pressure for expulsion of those who were owed substantial moneys. Edward needed to keep his barons on-side and he'd rather they paid him any available cash to finance his ambitious wars, than any Jewish money-lenders. But, I'm speculating. The timing is odd, as it doesn't really coincide with any time of political weakness, but perhaps it's in an unusual lull in foreign martial exploits, so Edward was able to turn his attention to domestic affairs for once? -- Dweller ( talk) 15:50, 17 March 2008 (UTC)
- Actually, we do know quite a lot about the precise timing of the Edict of Expulsion: the Wikipedia article here has clearly not yet caught up with the latest scholarship on the subject. Certainly Edward's decision was based on a long tradition of anti-Semitism, and the precedent of more limited expulsion, including one initiated by Simon de Montfort, who had expelled the Jews from Leicester early in his career. But in 1290 Edward needed money, which could only be obtained by a new Parliamentary grant of taxation. When Parliament was assembled, the knights of the shires demanded the expulsion of the Jews as a condition of such a grant. And so it followed. The measure was so popular that Edward received the biggest tax grant of the Middle Ages. Clio the Muse ( talk) 21:16, 18 March 2008 (UTC)
I'll see if I can obtain the reference for this from Clio and amend the section accordingly. Retarius | Talk 04:42, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
...the book you should look for is A Great and Terrible King: Edward I and the Forging of Britain by Marc Morris, published in England earlier this month by Hutchison. I took the specific reference from his article, Edward I: Best of Kings, Worst of Kings?, which appeared in the March 2008 issue of the monthly periodical History Today, p. 57. Clio the Muse ( talk) 00:07, 20 March 2008 (UTC)
It is generally accepted, and stated in this article, that Edward was the monarch who conquered Wales. But is that actually true?
As I understand it, it was only the Principality of Wales that was made part of the Kingdom of England by the Statute of Rhuddlan, enacted on 3 March 1284, not the whole of Wales. The Principality comprised just two thirds of Wales, mainly in the north.
These territories did not include a substantial swathe of land from Pembrokeshire through south Wales to the Welsh Borders which was largely in the hands of the Marcher Lords and were not subject to English law.
So, is it correct to say that Edward 'conquered Wales'? Jongleur100 ( talk) 11:41, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
A note, it does not actually say were or how he died? Celtic Muffin&Co. ( talk) 17:27, 18 September 2008 (UTC)
Not sure how he died though.-- 81.132.194.202 ( talk) 00:23, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
Guys, in this section it sais that "From 1239 to 1246 Edward was in the care of Hugh Giffard (the son of Godfrey Giffard) and his wife, Sybil", while on the page on Godfrey Giffard it says "Giffard was the son of Hugh Giffard of Boyton in Wiltshire,[1] a royal justice, and of his wife Sibyl". Considering that the years are right and Edward was born in 1239 and Godfrey in 1235, Hugh should be the father of Godfrey, but could someone having a reliable source double check and correct the Edward-page? RaulOancea 08:58, 21 November 2008 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by RaulOancea ( talk • contribs)
Under 'Scottish Wars' section:
"Eventually, after weeks of English machination and intimidation," please would you reference it or remove it, many thanks Twobells ( talk) 22:10, 24 January 2009 (UTC)
File:Groat of Edward I 4 pences.jpg File:Edward_I_penny.jpg File:Edward_I_farthing_quarter_of_a_penny.jpg Edward I issued the first English Groats. From PHG ( talk) 19:36, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
Recently the file File:King Edward I from memoranda roll.jpg (left) was uploaded and it appears to be relevant to this article and not currently used by it. If you're interested and think it would be a useful addition, please feel free to include it. This is a contemporary image of King Edward I from a memoranda roll. Dcoetzee 21:10, 27 April 2009 (UTC)
Who was governing England between Henry III's death and Edward I's return to England? john k ( talk) 03:13, 2 June 2009 (UTC)
In this paragraph, for example:
Back in England, early in 1262, Edward fell out with some of his former (which-- Luisignan?) allies over financial matters. A year later (for his father?) he led a campaign in Wales against Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, with limited results (?).[19] Around the same time, Simon de Montfort, who had been out of the country (exiled??) since 1261, returned to England and re-ignited the baronial reform movement (Oxford? or Magna carte?).[20] The king (following his usually astute policy of mediation?) gave in (acceded?) to the barons’ demands, but Edward – who was now firmly on the side of his father – held out. He reunited with some of the men he had alienated the year before – among them his childhood friend, Henry of Almain, and John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey – and retook Windsor Castle from the rebels.[21] Through the arbitration of King Louis IX of France, known as Saint Louis, the two parties agreed to the an agreement was made between the two parties. This so-called Mise of Amiens, was largely favourable to the royalist side, but which laid the seeds for further conflict.[22]
I think what might make sense here is not necessarily to focus on the chronology, but to use the chronology to illustrate his learning curve. He was a smart man and arguably one of England's "better" Plantagenet kings. How did he learn his smarts, what kinds of trials and errors did he make, and how did he improve the condition of kingship in England? If you try to focus on Edward did first this and then that, and then something, else, you'll just have confusion. Auntieruth55 ( talk) 00:10, 22 August 2009 (UTC)
Further thoughts of Edward's young adulthood.
Henry sought to stay above local conflicts between and among barons. It was part of his success, something he learned during the civil war. Although he was quite willing to exploit the Baron's conficts with one another, he best alternative to was to appear to them as a fair and impartial mediator of their disputes, and once he got that figured out, his problems with the Barons receded (they didn't go away, they just became less in his face). Edward didn't learn that for a while (if he ever really did). His policy was often to force his will, right? He did learn some political manuvering, but largely his ability to field a decent army and lead it to victory, or to persuade his opponents to hand over a key instigator (such as Wallace), was key to his success? Am I right about this? So Henry's watchword was finesse, and Edward's was force, then finesse. ?? Auntieruth55 ( talk) 00:15, 22 August 2009 (UTC)
I see you're working on it. That's good. One phrase jumped off the screen at me: Even though he managed to kill the assassin, he was struck in the arm by a dagger feared to be poisoned, and became strongly weakened over the next months --- Strongly weakened? Interesting juxtaposition. Auntieruth55 ( talk) 01:00, 29 August 2009 (UTC)
The lead is clearly underwritten in respect to Edward's later life, as the last date it mentions is the year of his coronation with nothing regarding his time as king. Can someone knowledgeable flesh it out? Mbinebri talk ← 22:00, 17 April 2010 (UTC)
Was the opening of the tomb in May or January 1774? This article disagrees with 1774 in Great Britain. Drutt ( talk) 10:54, 17 May 2010 (UTC)
Regarding this edit, although Glanmor ( talk · contribs) doesn't provide a source, they are correct. According to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography " On 7 February 1301 Edward, now almost seventeen, was created prince of Wales and earl of Chester at the Lincoln parliament (although the title of prince was not used in official documents until May 1301)". Nev1 ( talk) 16:33, 20 September 2010 (UTC)
The reference to John Botetourt at the end of the "Issue" section needs a citation.
To my understanding, it is not generally accepted by the historical community that Botetourt was the illegitimate son of the king. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.140.193.41 ( talk) 21:26, 21 March 2011 (UTC)
All of of a sudden, it says "By Margaret..." Margaret who? He loved his first wife, it says - and then all of sudden, is this a second wife with no relationship to him other than breeding with him? Why is Margaret neglected in this section? I realize for balance that Eleanor should get more words (more kids) but surely we should be reminded who Margaret is before we delve into her progeny at that point. 69.108.25.223 ( talk) 04:32, 14 August 2011 (UTC)
Hello, Hchc2009! I want to greet you and explain something about Edward I’s family. I deleted Juliana’s name from the table of his issue because there is no evidence he had daughter Juliana. If Eleanor bore him a daughter at the time, there is still no contemporary source for her name. You can see this, where John Carmi Parsons wrote about names in Edward’s family. (My talk) 14:12, 28 March 2014
If folks are content, I'm going to add the "ref = harv" label to the bibliographic templates, which should then allow the short citations to link directly to the volume in the bibliography if clicked on. It shouldn't change the visual appearance on the article page at all. Hopefully uncontroversial, but given WP:CITE, I think still worth asking first. Hchc2009 ( talk) 08:47, 24 April 2014 (UTC)
I'd like to propose a minor change to the citation style, separating descriptive footnotes (e.g. "As the sources give the time simply as the night between the 17 and 18 June, we can not know the exact date of Edward's birth.") into a separate section called "notes", distinct from the references - see William the Conqueror as an example of this in action. This would make it easier to see when a footnote is pointing to a citation, and when it is providing additional information to the reader. It is a minor change, but, as per WP:CITEVAR, this does require prior discussion on the talk page. Hchc2009 ( talk) 14:44, 2 May 2014 (UTC)
I'd like to propose a (v.) minor change to the citation style. Multiple pages are currently numbered as (e.g.) pp.88-9. I'd like to alter this style to (e.g.) pp.88-89, which I think is easier to read on the screen / less easy to make minor mistakes with. WP:CITEVAR applies, though, thus this note. Hchc2009 ( talk) 14:50, 26 May 2014 (UTC)
What exactly is the bases for the November 21 (or 20?) accession date? His father died on November 16, and since he himself was in the Holy Land, he can't even have found out that he was king until some months later, and he wasn't crowned until a few years later. So where does this date come from? What does it actually indicate? john k ( talk) 07:55, 21 November 2007 (UTC)
We might question as well the section heading "Early reign, 1274–96". Was the period November 16, 1272, to August 19, 1274, not part of the "Early reign". I was not aware that the English had an Interregnum in their constitution! Also, if he met Pope Gregory X and if he met him in Rome, it would have to have been before the Pope left for Orvieto in June 1272. Pope Gregory X left Orvieto for Lyons on June 5, 1273. Where was Edward I between June 5, 1273, and his return to England on August 2, 1274? And what was he doing? A number of these dates must be wrong. Vicedomino ( talk) 06:03, 3 January 2016 (UTC)
English kings from 1066 to 1216 dated their accession from the moment of their coronation. This meant that in this period there was always a short interregnum of a few days or weeks between consecutive reigns. In 1272, owing to the absence of Edward I in the Holy Land, which would have created an intolerably long interregnum, this practice changed. Edward's rule was proclaimed on the day after his father's death, and the magnates swore fealty to him on 20 November, the day of Henry's funeral. EDWARD HIMSELF dated his reign from 20 November. English royal documents - letters, charters, writs, etc - are always dated by regnal years, and 20 November is the date on which Edward's regnal year began, according to his own chancery. See Cheney, Handbook of Dates, pp. 18-20, and, for fuller explanation of the historical context, http://www.marcmorris.org.uk/2015/10/the-death-of-king-john-and-later.html (Dr Marc Morris) 12:59, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
The Handbook of British Chronology, 3rd edition, which is cited for the accession date in the infobox gives 20 November 1272 as the accession date. So changing it to 16 November is wrong. But the body of the article gives 16 November as the death date of Henry III, so it's somewhat confusing to have a different date cited in the infobox. Obviously, there is disagreement in the sources so it probably needs explication in the body text - not edit warring and information that is cited to a source that doesn't support the information. Ealdgyth - Talk 13:15, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
1272 was indeed a pivotal moment, in that Edward I's reign began before his coronation, unlike all previous reigns back as far as 1066. But, as above, his reign was reckoned *at the time* to have begun on 20 November, when the assembled magnates at Westminster swore fealty to him. As for the proclamation of 'the royal council' in 1272, I can find no source for this quote, and it isn't contemporary.
Yes, the throne was vacant for 4 days in 1272 - just as it was vacant for 9 days in 1216, 7 weeks in 1199, 6 weeks in 1189, etc. HBC gives the date of Edward's *accession* as 20 November, for the good reason set out previously, that Edward's own chancery, and every other branch of royal government, dated his accession from that moment. This is why I added the citation to Cheney's Handbook of Dates, which lists the dates for all regnal years. — Preceding unsigned comment added by RogerBigod ( talk • contribs) 14:53, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
"The dates of the reign as seen retrospectively from the modern day" is a slippery slope, in that it involves disregarding contemporary opinion and substituting your own belief that reigns should form a seamless continuum. People in the period 1066-1272 didn't think that was the case. Prior to the reign of Edward I, contemporaries believed that kingship was conferred at the moment the new king was anointed during his coronation ceremony. The first full description we have of an English coronation ceremony is that of Richard I in 1189, written by a witness, Roger of Howden, and he pointedly refers to Richard as 'the duke' up to the moment of unction. Edward I, his chancery clerks, his judges, his sheriffs, his foresters - in short, all of his subjects - dated his reign from 20 November 1272.
Re: 'the throne can never be empty': call off the search, it's not a contemporary quote. I went through all the available contemporary evidence for Edward's accession when I wrote 'A Great and Terrible King'. (Marc Morris) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.189.78.152 ( talk) 16:33, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject English Royalty#Reign_dates Jhood1 ( talk) 17:12, 3 April 2018 (UTC)
Here are some sources for the reign dates of Edward I being (20 Nov 1272 - 7 Jul 1307):
Jhood1 ( talk) 20:41, 9 April 2018 (UTC)
One of the characters in the George Peele play is a Welsh ally of Lluellen called Rice ap Meredith. The introduction states that Rice attacked in 1287 and was captured the next year. It says that the play compresses the three Welsh rebellions into one even though it was five years later, and Lluellen and his brother, David, were already dead at this point. There is no article on Rice ap Meredith at the present time, which I find utterly baffling if this is a real person. -- Scottandrewhutchins ( talk) 23:16, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
Watson (1895) says Beatrice of Savoy's mother was Beatrice of Geneva. The article had said that it was Marguerite of Geneva and claimed that this information was cited in Davin (1963). But Davin seems to say on page 177 that it's more likely that Beatrice of Savoy's mother was Thomas of Savoy's first wife (Beatrice of Geneva) not his second wife (Marguerite of Faucigny), although admitting that it is debatable. The best summary of this problem that I've found is on the French wikipedia at fr:Thomas Ier de Savoie#Famille et descendance, which discusses the confusion. There's another great summary at http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/burgkgenev.htm#BeatrixMargueriteGeneveMThomasISavoie. Celia Homeford ( talk) 12:14, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
I'd like to have a timeline of him, his wives and his descent to see how long (or short) they lived and if they coincided. I was going to add it myself by after reading Help:EasyTimeline_syntax and Wikipedia:Timeline, it seems complicated:
Can you do it? -- Error ( talk) 14:36, 11 May 2020 (UTC)
is there any known source for this text? ″... as a final measure, the King installed the death penalty in an attempt to shock the people into changing their ways and stop burning coal″ sounds pretty freakish to me, but this isn't a fringe webpage.-- Chianti ( talk) 14:03, 15 April 2021 (UTC)
The result of the move request was: no consensus to move. The comments are evenly split between supporters and opposers, with one side arguing for conciseness and common name and the other for consistency and clarity. In the absence of a clear consensus, the current article titles are retained. ( non-admin closure) Celia Homeford ( talk) 07:49, 1 July 2021 (UTC)
– All biographies of Edward I, Edward II and Edward III cited in this article and found by me on Google Books call them Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III in the title, respectively. Examples include Prestwich's Edward I, Phillips' Edward II, and Ormrod's Edward III, all comprehensive biographies. They are virtually never called "of England" in reliable sources, and the reason might be that there is no need to label them as such. Indeed, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III already redirect to Edward I of England, Edward II of England, and Edward III of England. Therefore I suggest that Wikipedia use the names that are overwhelmingly more common in reliable sources (per WP:COMMONNAME policy) and that are precise and concise (per WP:CONCISE and WP:PRECISE policies). WP:NCROY guideline has moved on from prescribing unnecessary disambiguation too. We have had George VI and James VI and I for a decade and Elizabeth I and Henry VIII for a year; the universe has not imploded. Surtsicna ( talk) 10:05, 11 June 2021 (UTC)
John (king of England) → Henry III (king of England) → Edward Imakes more sense than
John, King of England → Henry III of England → Edward Iand is a more standard form of disambiguation. The reason such titles have never caught on is that they can never be used in prose as is, making every link either a redirect or a pipe. The fact is that English-language biographical titles are not a good guide to how we title our articles. Even very ambiguous royal names, like Henry IV, are often used as titles for such biographies. Srnec ( talk) 16:00, 13 June 2021 (UTC)
pretty much ignored when determining community consensus. Egsan Bacon ( talk) 03:48, 27 June 2021 (UTC)
SOMETHING VERY IMPORTANT! I am introducing this matter here only to both get help and because it is significant. I greatly enjoy Wiki and use it often but very rarely comment.However I have been reading on wiki quite a lot about the early -post Norman Conquest -Kings of England.Now I fully realise that in the popular sense these were and are recognised as ^English^ but this term is totally deceptive in any general sense. In 1066 Saxon England was totally defeated and taken over completely by the French Normans.From that momentand for around 350 years, England became a French speaking nation. Its law were written in French and all the political or military conflicts that followed were planned created and carried out by people we would instantly call French. Ufortunately this fact is never clearly mentioned There are simply continuous references to England and the English .One aspect of this is that it allows every kind of nonsense to be stirred up by nationalist forces.There is of course nothing intrinsically wrong with nationalism but when every kind of historical event is distorted as the use of English and England distorts then it becomes a serious matter.I put a lengthy introduction to the Edward first article and found to my amazement a message saying iy had been removed by some robotic scanner as vandalism.If anything it was the article that should have been removed or rewritten — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.99.11.150 ( talk • contribs) 24 June 2011
There is a second and equally important point here too: 'Scotland' and 'the Scots' were also not the same thing back then as they were later. The use of the word 'Scotland' is therefore misleading since back then the word referred to the Kingdom of the Scots - solely a highland entity, whilst the 'Scottish' lowlands were back then English. Similarly the 'Scottish' nobilty were, just as in England, mostly Norman French and would not have considered themslves either Scots or English. — Preceding
unsigned comment added by
92.5.13.74 (
talk) 10:05, 23 September 2012 (UTC)
This is simply wrong. English and Scottish people most certainly did see themselves as English and Scots, and that includes the lords. Many (though not all) English and Scottish lords had French surnames but since more than 200 years had elapsed since the Norman conquest of England we should not think of them as being 'French' any more than we should think of David Cameron as being Scottish or Bill Clinton as being English. Robert I - for example - had much more Gael, Norse and Irish ancestry than Norman...he just happened to have a Norman name. — Preceding
unsigned comment added by
81.153.209.243 (
talk)
14:54, 10 April 2016 (UTC)
I have been trying to find the language used by the court of Edward I of England. He was only 200 years after the Norman conquest and this puts him in the Norman vs Saxon era but so far I have not been able to find which language was used by those in power. Mtpaley ( talk) 22:24, 19 July 2013 (UTC)
"Edward responded with severe brutality against Bruce's allies and supporters. Bruce's sister, Mary, was suspended in a cage outside of Roxburgh for four years. Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan, who had crowned Bruce, was suspended in a cage outside of Berwick Castle for four years."
This old myth just refuses to die. First off, there is no official source (same source as in the articles), so I would expect the sources in the articles for the people in question to be the sources backing this, problem is that those sources don't say that these women were held in cages outside.
Now, I have read that Edward apparently wanted large cages to be built inside these castles, and the sources seem to support this.
So, should this be removed until actual sources are provided? Chronicler87 ( talk) 00:54, 29 August 2019 (UTC)
Can any one find the basis of the claims of Education Scotland btw? Historians like Michael Prestwich have debunked this myth. Chronicler87 ( talk) 01:08, 29 August 2019 (UTC)
To be imprisoned in "public view" does not mean that the cages are necessarily outside or exposed to the elements. "Cage" in this sense is also misleading, because were are talking something more prison-like than the cage that's often depicted in pictures, Edward even left instructions for how they had to have a built privy etc. Anyhow, the myth that Prestwich mainly debunked was the whole cages hanging on the outside (on the battlements). It doesn't take a genius to figure out that most ppl would not survive that kind of exposure (which is why it never happened). This myth has been built up for a long time, but we can agreed the cages/prison existed, but they were inside not outside (which was all I wanted deleted). Chronicler87 ( talk) 01:59, 3 September 2019 (UTC)
Also, I'm not sure what you mean with "too bland", in my opinion this Wikipedia article overemphasize Edwards supposed cruelty, which is partially a myth in itself, this article is very biased against Edward. The only reason I pointed to this specific thing (there are more), is because I was curious to see what "myths" are repeated on Wikipedia. Chronicler87 ( talk) 02:08, 3 September 2019 (UTC)
Btw, let me clarify, my understanding with you citing that quote by Cronell, it that you seem to want to emphasize Edwards cruelty. I mean Cornell is applying a modern standard on the past, there are probably other historians who would not consider this cruelty or extraordinary, especially not in light of the next paragraph which states that Edward saw this as putting down a rebellion as in disloyal subjects. Chronicler87 ( talk) 02:33, 3 September 2019 (UTC)
Large portions of the entry on Edward I are taken from Encyclopedia Britannica's > website verbatim without attribution. See > https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-I-king-of-England > James Hercules Sutton 01:40, 14 August 2022 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by JamesSutton ( talk • contribs)
Why is there an image of King Edward's Chair on this page? The linked page says that the chair is not named after Edward I but Edward the Confessor; Edward I is barely mentioned on the linked page. Didn't want to remove without discussion, in case there's something I'm missing here that isn't well explained on the page. 2604:2D80:9F0B:A400:B5C7:C76D:528:9700 ( talk) 00:44, 19 August 2022 (UTC)
The article says:
He initially intended to call himself Edward IV, recognising the three Saxon kings of England of that name. However, for reasons unknown he was called Edward I instead... How can this be? The first monarch to bear a name is not given a numeral after his or her name. We don't refer to King John I of England or Queen Victoria I of the United Kingdom, for example. If there was another King John or Queen Victoria only then would we need a way to distinguish the two, in the same way that Queen Elizabeth I was not called this until 1952, when Elizabeth II became queen.
I suggest that he did not call himself anything but Edward, and that he became Edward I only when Edward II became king. -- Jumbo 14:06, 20 August 2006 (UTC)
The kings before the conquest didn't count. They belonged to the defeated Anglo-Saxons. It was kind of a damnatio memoriae. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.16.153.89 ( talk) 05:00, 25 June 2017 (UTC)
I need a propose for a redirect hatnote, by accompanying with WP:ITHAT and other uses (if none).
Purpose 1:
Purpose 2:
Surveyor Mount ( talk) 22:55, 20 March 2023 (UTC)
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Edward I, King of England and Lord of Ireland is his correct title. The first Ebglish king to be given a numeral was Edward III. Edward I was known as 'Edward son of King Henry'. Dr Paul Booth ( talk) 17:00, 6 May 2023 (UTC)
There's a gif-image that shows Edward I's movements across England and Scotland over most of his reign File:King Edward I's itinerary.gif - Wikimedia Commons I wondered about integrating this into the article, to help readers visualise the king's movements? (disclaimer - I was involved in the research that lies behind the gif!) Charleslincolnshire ( talk) 20:39, 16 May 2023 (UTC)
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Archive 1 |
Have replaced image of York Minster statue with that of possible portait of Edward I in Westminster Abbey. The reason behind this is, of course, down to the obvious fact that this image is associated with Edward I much more strongly among the (British) public. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.134.8.0 ( talk) 23:39, 1 August 2008 (UTC)
Is a 'possibly of' image appropriate for a title infobox? If there are no reliable images then I don't think that including a 'possibly' image is appropriate. If there is no contemporaneous image of someone then I don't think it is appropriate to include a 'maybe' image instead. On a secondary topic the face on this painting looks like it was redone by a 10 year old. Even it it was genuine at some point clearly it is no longer original. Mtpaley ( talk) 21:19, 18 July 2013 (UTC)
I admit that if this is the generally accepted image it should be used but there is still the obvious fact that the painting has been vandalised/tweaked/contemporised or whatever phrase you choose to use. The face is obviously painted over the original, surely nobody could deny that. It seems unreasonable that wikipedia should show this painting without prominent text saying that it is almost certainly incorrect or at least heavily tweaked to fit later preconceptions. Mtpaley ( talk) 20:57, 9 August 2013 (UTC)
"He was voted the 94th greatest Briton in the 2002 poll of 100 Greatest Britons." - is this an encyclopaedia entry or a page in Q magazine? This is such a trivial piece of information to be displayed in the opening paragraph of the entry I feel. 64.228.30.134 18:43, 28 January 2003 (UTC)
It has been proposed that the category Category:Antisemitism_(People) be deleted. Since it has been proposed to add this article to that category, please consider voting on it at: Wikipedia:Categories for deletion#Category:Antisemitism (People)-- CTSWyneken 21:13, 24 January 2006 (UTC)
I came across a thing of the Bush Family's Geneology, and it says in the 24 generation, he was related to King edward 1. Should it be mentioned? the url is http://www.svu2000.org/genealogy/George_W.pdf Seamus215 01:15, 21 May 2006 (UTC)
Among the lasting misconceptions concerning Edward's involvement in the question over the vacant Scottish throne is that he deliberately chose John Balliol as the creature of his ambitions. In 1290 the Scots, unable to settle the question of the succession by any internal process, invited Edward's arbitration to prevent the outbreak of a dynastic war. Although Edward insisted that he be recognized as the feudal superior of Scotland before giving the matter his full attention, the whole process that followed was both exhaustive and scrupulously fair. Edward did not 'pick' John Balliol; he emerged as the strongest candidate, being senior in descent from a former Scottish king. He was selected by a panel of arbiters, appointed by the leading candidates. Edward then gave formal judgement in his favour. These simple truths should not detract from Edward's later misuse of the feudal concessions he had gained. Rcpaterson 02:25, 29 May 2006 (UTC) Not quite so...Edward was asked to administer the court, not to arbitrate. This is an important distinction. John Balliol was certainly the correct legal heir and the decision was made by the jurors, not Edward.
Doubt this goes here but here goes: I didn't see any mention whatsoever of how Longshankes captured Scottish Royal females & friends fo the Scottish Royal family; and had them imprisoned. Though this may not be something very important, or out of the ordinary; but it would be if three of the Scottish females were locked up in an actual cage! One Scottish female who was locked in a cage, happend to be the sole heir to the Scottish throne, who happend to be barely tweleve years of age! Something this huge should be mentioned in his article.
The additional information concerning the persecution and murder of Jews in England by Edward I, was taken from the Government of Ontario, Canada television service, TVO. The weekly series, made in Britain, is title A History of Britain. For more information see the following external link: [2]
I believe that no less an authority than Winston Churchill wrote in "Birth of Britain" that Edward II borrowed money from the Jewish money lenders and expelled them to avoid paying it back. I do not believe it was taxation, according to Churchill. 12.201.78.219 02:29, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
Updated his issue according to these sites: 1 and 2.
Both of them mention two daughters, Beatrice and Blanche, born between 1986 and 1290 (Eleanor's death). They also mention Juliana (or Katherine), born in Palestine circa 1271, as well as Alice (1278-79) and a second Elizabeth (in one of them listed as being born in 1292, which is impossible since the queen had died 2 years earlier, and in the other one listed as born in the same year as Alice - twins?). The first Katherine (twin to Eleanor) is not menioned anywhere, probably due to an early death or confusion with the younger Katherine (called Juliana). 82.154.43.195 20:25, 21 November 2006 (UTC)
The section about the Expulsion on this page indicates that the reasons for the Expulsion had nothing to do with finances. While finances were not the only reason, they did play a factor. As this section lacks any citations, I'll be rewriting it once I get a hold of my books on the English Jewry. -- Sidhebolg 20:46, 29 March 2007 (UTC)
My question is the number of children listed in the article. Why so many? I just read in The Times Kings & Queens of The British Isles, by Thomas Cussans ISBN 0-0071-4195-5 (page 86), where it states Edward (age 15) & Eleanor (age 13) when they were married went on to have 15 children of which 9 died. The article says they had 16 and the number of kids listed in the article is 17. The numbers dont add up! Dthem 2000 08:07, 3 May 2007 (UTC)
Image:Patrick mcgoohan.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.
Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Wikipedia:Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.
If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. BetacommandBot 07:07, 6 June 2007 (UTC)
Does anyone know why he was called Longshanks? 147.114.226.173 12:14, 23 August 2007 (UTC)
About his hight has anything been verified ???? i mean in modes times and not 237 hundred years ago! how reliable is an 18th century english account that reported that his body had been well preserved ?, and measured the king's body to be 6 feet 2 inches ??? (perhaps exaggerated)?? and is the value of fete still the same as in the 18th century ?? and finally could this prove that william wallace or robert the bruce (about an inch or two shorter but never mentioned for his hight) were exceptionally tall too -- Cormag100 ( talk) 22:25, 19 January 2012 (UTC)
As you clearly have discovered, the Wikipedia page on Edward I does not really do proper justice to a seminal reign (Why, I would have to ask, is there such a large section on contact with the Mongols, a minor episode, out of all proportion?! And the picture of Patrick McGoohan as the absurd 'Longshanks' from Braveheart is grossly out of place!) The real point to hold in mind here is that Edward was a complex man. Do not, I urge you, fall into the trap opened by the question you face; for Edward was both law-maker and law-breaker; Justinian and Joshua! He was certainly a 'bully' when it came to dealing with the Welsh and the Scots, jealous in every way of his imperial and feudal rights. But he could also be quite overbearing when it came to his own subjects. At the beginning of his reign, determined to restore some of the rights of the crown eroded during the reign of Henry III, his politically inept father, he instituted a series of legal inquiries, known as Quo Warranto. By this he challenged holders of liberties, particularly those with jurisdictions, like that enjoyed by the Palatinate of Durham, to prove that they held these by legal title. These investigations were a source of much friction, and Edward was compelled to modify his legal offensive in 1290 under political pressure from his barons. But it also provides an insight into the lawyer-like and nit-picking mentality with which Edward doggedly pursued the prerogatives of the crown, a clue to his later attitude towards his feudal superiority over Scotland.
So, yes, something of a single-minded bully, without a great deal of interest in constitutional niceties. Yet consider this: in 1275, not long after the beginning of his reign, he wrote to the Pope, explaining that he could do nothing concerning the power of the crown without "consulting the magnates and the prelates." It was during his reign that Parliament began to be a regular feature of the English political landscape. In the summons for that of 1295 it was announced that "What touches all should be approved by all.", meaning that taxation could only be granted by consent, one of the great founding principles of English constitutional law. It was during this time that the census known as the Hundred Rolls was taken, the first comprehensive survey of English property rights since the earlier Domesday Book. As a result, the law was further refined in the Stute of Westminster, and other law codes issue subsequent to this document. So, here is your English Justinian!
In ever sense, therfore, Edward was the perfect feudal lawyer; therin lies his strength, and therin lies his weakness. For his notions of what was right were often so narrowly defined and pursued with a single-minded purpose, regardless of the political damage caused, and with hidden costs to the crown. Unlike his father, he was a good soldier; but his conquest of Wales, and the attendant castle building, was ruinously expensive. It would have been wise to consolidate and pause for reflection, but the vacancy of the Scottish crown following the death in 1290 of Margaret opened what was to be known as the Great Cause. It was, perhaps, the defining moment of Edward's reign, confirming that jealousy of privilege and title that marked the outset of his reign in England. He came to Scotland as a lawyer, and as a bully; and he fought his wars in Scotland as a lawyer, and as a bully. You see-and this is a point that is often overlooked-Edward never, at any point claimed the crown of Scotland for himself: he simply fought to maintain his position as feudal overlord, granted to him by the Scots in 1292. Even in 1305, when the conquest seemed to be complete, Edward produced Ordinances for the government of Scotland, of which he is Lord, not King. Clio the Muse 01:41, 1 September 2007 (UTC)
The tone of some of this piece is doubtful. Language under the image of Edward's US Congress Portrait is particularly doubtful. Claiming that Edward began the parliamentary system borders on ludicrous. This should be discussed and ammended accordingly. Zach Beauvais 19:15, 5 October 2007 (UTC)
Why is the picture at the very top left hand side of this page the same as the Edward II page? shouldnt there be diferent pictures? Lovingnews1989 ( talk) 04:14, 25 November 2007 (UTC)
I dispute the complete deletion of any mention of the relations of Edwards I with the Mongols [3]. This is a well-known and important part of Edward's life, which, in my opinion fully deserves representation in an Encyclopedia claiming to be "the sum of all knowledge". Deleting such important and referenced information seems quite incredible and unjustified. Deleted paragraphs:
As soon as Edward arrived in Acre, he sent an embassy to the Mongol ruler of Persia Abagha, an enemy of the Muslims. The embassy was led by Reginald Rossel, Godefroi of Waus and John of Parker, and its mission was to obtain military support from the Mongols. [1] In an answer dated September 4, 1271, Abagha agreed for cooperation and asked at what date the concerted attack on the Mamluks should take place.
The arrival of the additional forces of Hugh III of Cyprus further emboldened Edward, who engaged in a raid on the town of Qaqun. At the end of October 1271, the Mongol troops requested by Edward arrived in Syria and ravaged the land from Aleppo southward. Abagha, occupied by other conflicts in Turkestan could only send 10,000 Mongol horsemen under general Samagar from the occupation army in Seljuk Anatolia, plus auxiliary Seljukid troops, but they triggered an exodus of Muslim populations (who remembered the previous campaigns of Kithuqa) as far south as Cairo. [2]
When Baibars mounted a counter-offensive from Egypt on November 12th, the Mongols had already retreated beyond the Euphrates, but these unsettling events allowed Edward to negotiate a ten year peace treaty with the Mamluks.
At this point Edward was forced to return to England, having heard of his father's death. He remained in communication with the Mongols, and when a delegation was sent by Abagha to the Second Council of Lyons in 1274, the Mongol embassy visited Edward after the Council on January 28, 1275. A letter from Edward is known, in which he acknowledges Abagha's promise to fight together with the Crusaders. [3]
Overall, Edward's crusade was rather insignificant and only gave the city of Acre a reprieve of ten years. However, Edward's reputation was greatly enhanced by his participation in the crusade and was hailed by some contemporary commentators as a new Richard the Lionheart. Furthermore, some historians believe Edward was inspired by the design of the castles he saw while on crusade, such as Krak des Chevaliers, and incorporated similar features into the castles he built to secure portions of Wales, such as Caernarfon Castle.
Later contacts with the Mongols
The Mongol ruler Arghun sent several embassies to European rulers from 1287, to invite them to join in combined operations against the Mamluks in the Holy Land. In 1287, he sent the Nestorian Rabban Bar Sauma, with the objective of contracting a military alliance to fight the Muslims in the Middle-East, and take the city of Jerusalem. Sauma returned in 1288 with positive letters from Pope Nicholas IV, Edward I of England, and Philip IV the Fair of France whom he had all visited. He met with Edward in the city of Bordeaux: [4].
"King Edward rejoiced greatly, and he was especially glad when Rabban Sauma talked about the matter of Jerusalem. And he said "We the kings of these cities bear upon our bodies the sign of the Cross, and we have no subject of thought except this matter. And my mind is relieved on the subject about which I have been thinking, when I hear that King Arghun thinketh as I think"
— Account of the travels of Rabban Bar Sauma, Chap. VII. [5]In 1289, Arghun sent a third mission to Europe, in the person of Buscarel of Gisolfe, a Genoese who had settled in Persia. The objective of the mission was to determine at what date concerted Christian and Mongol efforts could start. Arghun committed to march his troops as soon as the Crusaders had disambarked at Saint-Jean-d'Acre. Buscarel was in Rome between July 15th and September 30th 1289. He was in Paris in November-December 1289. Buscarel then went to England to bring Arghun's message to Edward I. He arrived in London January 5, 1290. Edward, whose answer has been preserved, answered enthusiastically to the project but remained evasive and failed to make a clear commitment, probably because of the difficult internal situation with the Welsh and the Scots. [6] Edward sent a prominent English notable, Sir Geoffrey de Langley, to accompany Buscarel back to Persia. [7]
Arghun then sent a fourth mission to European courts in 1290, led by a certain Chagan or Khagan, who was accompanied by Buscarel of Gisolfe and a Christian named Sabadin. Arghun's death on March 10, 1290, deprived the plan of a motivating force. On May 18, 1291, Saint-Jean-d'Acre was conquered by the Mamluks following a six week siege.
These attempts to mount a combined offensive had mainly failed because of the internal conflicts which preoccupied the European monarchs and this pattern was to continue.
In March 1302, Edward I would again respond to Mongol proposals (this time from Ghazan), explaining that he supported combined action but that he was obliged to give priority to challenges from nearby states:"The wars that trouble Christiandom have blocked us for a long time from taking, as we would like, resolutions regarding the Holy Land. But when the Pope will have established favourable conditions, we will gladly commit all our forces to this enterprise, for which we wish a successful outcome, more than anything in the world."
— Letter from Edward I to Ghazan, 12 March 1302, Westminster. [8]
Comments welcome. PHG ( talk) 17:52, 15 March 2008 (UTC)
References
I did some copyediting on this topic and added a reference note a while back. I've just noticed the following on the Humanities Ref Desk:
Edward I and the Edict of Expulsion
In your page on Edward I of England there is a section on the 1290 expulsion of the Jews. Some possible reasons are given for King Edward's decision, though nothing very specific. I would be grateful for any info on the reasons behind the precise timing of this measure. Thanks. Dora Kaplan ( talk) 13:07, 17 March 2008 (UTC)
- In truth, no-one really knows, although plenty speculate. Our article dismisses the usury angle because there was little for the crown to gain, but I think there's a good chance it may be relevant, particularly from the angle of baronial pressure for expulsion of those who were owed substantial moneys. Edward needed to keep his barons on-side and he'd rather they paid him any available cash to finance his ambitious wars, than any Jewish money-lenders. But, I'm speculating. The timing is odd, as it doesn't really coincide with any time of political weakness, but perhaps it's in an unusual lull in foreign martial exploits, so Edward was able to turn his attention to domestic affairs for once? -- Dweller ( talk) 15:50, 17 March 2008 (UTC)
- Actually, we do know quite a lot about the precise timing of the Edict of Expulsion: the Wikipedia article here has clearly not yet caught up with the latest scholarship on the subject. Certainly Edward's decision was based on a long tradition of anti-Semitism, and the precedent of more limited expulsion, including one initiated by Simon de Montfort, who had expelled the Jews from Leicester early in his career. But in 1290 Edward needed money, which could only be obtained by a new Parliamentary grant of taxation. When Parliament was assembled, the knights of the shires demanded the expulsion of the Jews as a condition of such a grant. And so it followed. The measure was so popular that Edward received the biggest tax grant of the Middle Ages. Clio the Muse ( talk) 21:16, 18 March 2008 (UTC)
I'll see if I can obtain the reference for this from Clio and amend the section accordingly. Retarius | Talk 04:42, 19 March 2008 (UTC)
...the book you should look for is A Great and Terrible King: Edward I and the Forging of Britain by Marc Morris, published in England earlier this month by Hutchison. I took the specific reference from his article, Edward I: Best of Kings, Worst of Kings?, which appeared in the March 2008 issue of the monthly periodical History Today, p. 57. Clio the Muse ( talk) 00:07, 20 March 2008 (UTC)
It is generally accepted, and stated in this article, that Edward was the monarch who conquered Wales. But is that actually true?
As I understand it, it was only the Principality of Wales that was made part of the Kingdom of England by the Statute of Rhuddlan, enacted on 3 March 1284, not the whole of Wales. The Principality comprised just two thirds of Wales, mainly in the north.
These territories did not include a substantial swathe of land from Pembrokeshire through south Wales to the Welsh Borders which was largely in the hands of the Marcher Lords and were not subject to English law.
So, is it correct to say that Edward 'conquered Wales'? Jongleur100 ( talk) 11:41, 25 July 2008 (UTC)
A note, it does not actually say were or how he died? Celtic Muffin&Co. ( talk) 17:27, 18 September 2008 (UTC)
Not sure how he died though.-- 81.132.194.202 ( talk) 00:23, 22 November 2008 (UTC)
Guys, in this section it sais that "From 1239 to 1246 Edward was in the care of Hugh Giffard (the son of Godfrey Giffard) and his wife, Sybil", while on the page on Godfrey Giffard it says "Giffard was the son of Hugh Giffard of Boyton in Wiltshire,[1] a royal justice, and of his wife Sibyl". Considering that the years are right and Edward was born in 1239 and Godfrey in 1235, Hugh should be the father of Godfrey, but could someone having a reliable source double check and correct the Edward-page? RaulOancea 08:58, 21 November 2008 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by RaulOancea ( talk • contribs)
Under 'Scottish Wars' section:
"Eventually, after weeks of English machination and intimidation," please would you reference it or remove it, many thanks Twobells ( talk) 22:10, 24 January 2009 (UTC)
File:Groat of Edward I 4 pences.jpg File:Edward_I_penny.jpg File:Edward_I_farthing_quarter_of_a_penny.jpg Edward I issued the first English Groats. From PHG ( talk) 19:36, 17 February 2009 (UTC)
Recently the file File:King Edward I from memoranda roll.jpg (left) was uploaded and it appears to be relevant to this article and not currently used by it. If you're interested and think it would be a useful addition, please feel free to include it. This is a contemporary image of King Edward I from a memoranda roll. Dcoetzee 21:10, 27 April 2009 (UTC)
Who was governing England between Henry III's death and Edward I's return to England? john k ( talk) 03:13, 2 June 2009 (UTC)
In this paragraph, for example:
Back in England, early in 1262, Edward fell out with some of his former (which-- Luisignan?) allies over financial matters. A year later (for his father?) he led a campaign in Wales against Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, with limited results (?).[19] Around the same time, Simon de Montfort, who had been out of the country (exiled??) since 1261, returned to England and re-ignited the baronial reform movement (Oxford? or Magna carte?).[20] The king (following his usually astute policy of mediation?) gave in (acceded?) to the barons’ demands, but Edward – who was now firmly on the side of his father – held out. He reunited with some of the men he had alienated the year before – among them his childhood friend, Henry of Almain, and John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey – and retook Windsor Castle from the rebels.[21] Through the arbitration of King Louis IX of France, known as Saint Louis, the two parties agreed to the an agreement was made between the two parties. This so-called Mise of Amiens, was largely favourable to the royalist side, but which laid the seeds for further conflict.[22]
I think what might make sense here is not necessarily to focus on the chronology, but to use the chronology to illustrate his learning curve. He was a smart man and arguably one of England's "better" Plantagenet kings. How did he learn his smarts, what kinds of trials and errors did he make, and how did he improve the condition of kingship in England? If you try to focus on Edward did first this and then that, and then something, else, you'll just have confusion. Auntieruth55 ( talk) 00:10, 22 August 2009 (UTC)
Further thoughts of Edward's young adulthood.
Henry sought to stay above local conflicts between and among barons. It was part of his success, something he learned during the civil war. Although he was quite willing to exploit the Baron's conficts with one another, he best alternative to was to appear to them as a fair and impartial mediator of their disputes, and once he got that figured out, his problems with the Barons receded (they didn't go away, they just became less in his face). Edward didn't learn that for a while (if he ever really did). His policy was often to force his will, right? He did learn some political manuvering, but largely his ability to field a decent army and lead it to victory, or to persuade his opponents to hand over a key instigator (such as Wallace), was key to his success? Am I right about this? So Henry's watchword was finesse, and Edward's was force, then finesse. ?? Auntieruth55 ( talk) 00:15, 22 August 2009 (UTC)
I see you're working on it. That's good. One phrase jumped off the screen at me: Even though he managed to kill the assassin, he was struck in the arm by a dagger feared to be poisoned, and became strongly weakened over the next months --- Strongly weakened? Interesting juxtaposition. Auntieruth55 ( talk) 01:00, 29 August 2009 (UTC)
The lead is clearly underwritten in respect to Edward's later life, as the last date it mentions is the year of his coronation with nothing regarding his time as king. Can someone knowledgeable flesh it out? Mbinebri talk ← 22:00, 17 April 2010 (UTC)
Was the opening of the tomb in May or January 1774? This article disagrees with 1774 in Great Britain. Drutt ( talk) 10:54, 17 May 2010 (UTC)
Regarding this edit, although Glanmor ( talk · contribs) doesn't provide a source, they are correct. According to the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography " On 7 February 1301 Edward, now almost seventeen, was created prince of Wales and earl of Chester at the Lincoln parliament (although the title of prince was not used in official documents until May 1301)". Nev1 ( talk) 16:33, 20 September 2010 (UTC)
The reference to John Botetourt at the end of the "Issue" section needs a citation.
To my understanding, it is not generally accepted by the historical community that Botetourt was the illegitimate son of the king. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.140.193.41 ( talk) 21:26, 21 March 2011 (UTC)
All of of a sudden, it says "By Margaret..." Margaret who? He loved his first wife, it says - and then all of sudden, is this a second wife with no relationship to him other than breeding with him? Why is Margaret neglected in this section? I realize for balance that Eleanor should get more words (more kids) but surely we should be reminded who Margaret is before we delve into her progeny at that point. 69.108.25.223 ( talk) 04:32, 14 August 2011 (UTC)
Hello, Hchc2009! I want to greet you and explain something about Edward I’s family. I deleted Juliana’s name from the table of his issue because there is no evidence he had daughter Juliana. If Eleanor bore him a daughter at the time, there is still no contemporary source for her name. You can see this, where John Carmi Parsons wrote about names in Edward’s family. (My talk) 14:12, 28 March 2014
If folks are content, I'm going to add the "ref = harv" label to the bibliographic templates, which should then allow the short citations to link directly to the volume in the bibliography if clicked on. It shouldn't change the visual appearance on the article page at all. Hopefully uncontroversial, but given WP:CITE, I think still worth asking first. Hchc2009 ( talk) 08:47, 24 April 2014 (UTC)
I'd like to propose a minor change to the citation style, separating descriptive footnotes (e.g. "As the sources give the time simply as the night between the 17 and 18 June, we can not know the exact date of Edward's birth.") into a separate section called "notes", distinct from the references - see William the Conqueror as an example of this in action. This would make it easier to see when a footnote is pointing to a citation, and when it is providing additional information to the reader. It is a minor change, but, as per WP:CITEVAR, this does require prior discussion on the talk page. Hchc2009 ( talk) 14:44, 2 May 2014 (UTC)
I'd like to propose a (v.) minor change to the citation style. Multiple pages are currently numbered as (e.g.) pp.88-9. I'd like to alter this style to (e.g.) pp.88-89, which I think is easier to read on the screen / less easy to make minor mistakes with. WP:CITEVAR applies, though, thus this note. Hchc2009 ( talk) 14:50, 26 May 2014 (UTC)
What exactly is the bases for the November 21 (or 20?) accession date? His father died on November 16, and since he himself was in the Holy Land, he can't even have found out that he was king until some months later, and he wasn't crowned until a few years later. So where does this date come from? What does it actually indicate? john k ( talk) 07:55, 21 November 2007 (UTC)
We might question as well the section heading "Early reign, 1274–96". Was the period November 16, 1272, to August 19, 1274, not part of the "Early reign". I was not aware that the English had an Interregnum in their constitution! Also, if he met Pope Gregory X and if he met him in Rome, it would have to have been before the Pope left for Orvieto in June 1272. Pope Gregory X left Orvieto for Lyons on June 5, 1273. Where was Edward I between June 5, 1273, and his return to England on August 2, 1274? And what was he doing? A number of these dates must be wrong. Vicedomino ( talk) 06:03, 3 January 2016 (UTC)
English kings from 1066 to 1216 dated their accession from the moment of their coronation. This meant that in this period there was always a short interregnum of a few days or weeks between consecutive reigns. In 1272, owing to the absence of Edward I in the Holy Land, which would have created an intolerably long interregnum, this practice changed. Edward's rule was proclaimed on the day after his father's death, and the magnates swore fealty to him on 20 November, the day of Henry's funeral. EDWARD HIMSELF dated his reign from 20 November. English royal documents - letters, charters, writs, etc - are always dated by regnal years, and 20 November is the date on which Edward's regnal year began, according to his own chancery. See Cheney, Handbook of Dates, pp. 18-20, and, for fuller explanation of the historical context, http://www.marcmorris.org.uk/2015/10/the-death-of-king-john-and-later.html (Dr Marc Morris) 12:59, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
The Handbook of British Chronology, 3rd edition, which is cited for the accession date in the infobox gives 20 November 1272 as the accession date. So changing it to 16 November is wrong. But the body of the article gives 16 November as the death date of Henry III, so it's somewhat confusing to have a different date cited in the infobox. Obviously, there is disagreement in the sources so it probably needs explication in the body text - not edit warring and information that is cited to a source that doesn't support the information. Ealdgyth - Talk 13:15, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
1272 was indeed a pivotal moment, in that Edward I's reign began before his coronation, unlike all previous reigns back as far as 1066. But, as above, his reign was reckoned *at the time* to have begun on 20 November, when the assembled magnates at Westminster swore fealty to him. As for the proclamation of 'the royal council' in 1272, I can find no source for this quote, and it isn't contemporary.
Yes, the throne was vacant for 4 days in 1272 - just as it was vacant for 9 days in 1216, 7 weeks in 1199, 6 weeks in 1189, etc. HBC gives the date of Edward's *accession* as 20 November, for the good reason set out previously, that Edward's own chancery, and every other branch of royal government, dated his accession from that moment. This is why I added the citation to Cheney's Handbook of Dates, which lists the dates for all regnal years. — Preceding unsigned comment added by RogerBigod ( talk • contribs) 14:53, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
"The dates of the reign as seen retrospectively from the modern day" is a slippery slope, in that it involves disregarding contemporary opinion and substituting your own belief that reigns should form a seamless continuum. People in the period 1066-1272 didn't think that was the case. Prior to the reign of Edward I, contemporaries believed that kingship was conferred at the moment the new king was anointed during his coronation ceremony. The first full description we have of an English coronation ceremony is that of Richard I in 1189, written by a witness, Roger of Howden, and he pointedly refers to Richard as 'the duke' up to the moment of unction. Edward I, his chancery clerks, his judges, his sheriffs, his foresters - in short, all of his subjects - dated his reign from 20 November 1272.
Re: 'the throne can never be empty': call off the search, it's not a contemporary quote. I went through all the available contemporary evidence for Edward's accession when I wrote 'A Great and Terrible King'. (Marc Morris) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.189.78.152 ( talk) 16:33, 16 November 2017 (UTC)
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject English Royalty#Reign_dates Jhood1 ( talk) 17:12, 3 April 2018 (UTC)
Here are some sources for the reign dates of Edward I being (20 Nov 1272 - 7 Jul 1307):
Jhood1 ( talk) 20:41, 9 April 2018 (UTC)
One of the characters in the George Peele play is a Welsh ally of Lluellen called Rice ap Meredith. The introduction states that Rice attacked in 1287 and was captured the next year. It says that the play compresses the three Welsh rebellions into one even though it was five years later, and Lluellen and his brother, David, were already dead at this point. There is no article on Rice ap Meredith at the present time, which I find utterly baffling if this is a real person. -- Scottandrewhutchins ( talk) 23:16, 6 August 2018 (UTC)
Watson (1895) says Beatrice of Savoy's mother was Beatrice of Geneva. The article had said that it was Marguerite of Geneva and claimed that this information was cited in Davin (1963). But Davin seems to say on page 177 that it's more likely that Beatrice of Savoy's mother was Thomas of Savoy's first wife (Beatrice of Geneva) not his second wife (Marguerite of Faucigny), although admitting that it is debatable. The best summary of this problem that I've found is on the French wikipedia at fr:Thomas Ier de Savoie#Famille et descendance, which discusses the confusion. There's another great summary at http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/burgkgenev.htm#BeatrixMargueriteGeneveMThomasISavoie. Celia Homeford ( talk) 12:14, 6 February 2019 (UTC)
I'd like to have a timeline of him, his wives and his descent to see how long (or short) they lived and if they coincided. I was going to add it myself by after reading Help:EasyTimeline_syntax and Wikipedia:Timeline, it seems complicated:
Can you do it? -- Error ( talk) 14:36, 11 May 2020 (UTC)
is there any known source for this text? ″... as a final measure, the King installed the death penalty in an attempt to shock the people into changing their ways and stop burning coal″ sounds pretty freakish to me, but this isn't a fringe webpage.-- Chianti ( talk) 14:03, 15 April 2021 (UTC)
The result of the move request was: no consensus to move. The comments are evenly split between supporters and opposers, with one side arguing for conciseness and common name and the other for consistency and clarity. In the absence of a clear consensus, the current article titles are retained. ( non-admin closure) Celia Homeford ( talk) 07:49, 1 July 2021 (UTC)
– All biographies of Edward I, Edward II and Edward III cited in this article and found by me on Google Books call them Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III in the title, respectively. Examples include Prestwich's Edward I, Phillips' Edward II, and Ormrod's Edward III, all comprehensive biographies. They are virtually never called "of England" in reliable sources, and the reason might be that there is no need to label them as such. Indeed, Edward I, Edward II, and Edward III already redirect to Edward I of England, Edward II of England, and Edward III of England. Therefore I suggest that Wikipedia use the names that are overwhelmingly more common in reliable sources (per WP:COMMONNAME policy) and that are precise and concise (per WP:CONCISE and WP:PRECISE policies). WP:NCROY guideline has moved on from prescribing unnecessary disambiguation too. We have had George VI and James VI and I for a decade and Elizabeth I and Henry VIII for a year; the universe has not imploded. Surtsicna ( talk) 10:05, 11 June 2021 (UTC)
John (king of England) → Henry III (king of England) → Edward Imakes more sense than
John, King of England → Henry III of England → Edward Iand is a more standard form of disambiguation. The reason such titles have never caught on is that they can never be used in prose as is, making every link either a redirect or a pipe. The fact is that English-language biographical titles are not a good guide to how we title our articles. Even very ambiguous royal names, like Henry IV, are often used as titles for such biographies. Srnec ( talk) 16:00, 13 June 2021 (UTC)
pretty much ignored when determining community consensus. Egsan Bacon ( talk) 03:48, 27 June 2021 (UTC)
SOMETHING VERY IMPORTANT! I am introducing this matter here only to both get help and because it is significant. I greatly enjoy Wiki and use it often but very rarely comment.However I have been reading on wiki quite a lot about the early -post Norman Conquest -Kings of England.Now I fully realise that in the popular sense these were and are recognised as ^English^ but this term is totally deceptive in any general sense. In 1066 Saxon England was totally defeated and taken over completely by the French Normans.From that momentand for around 350 years, England became a French speaking nation. Its law were written in French and all the political or military conflicts that followed were planned created and carried out by people we would instantly call French. Ufortunately this fact is never clearly mentioned There are simply continuous references to England and the English .One aspect of this is that it allows every kind of nonsense to be stirred up by nationalist forces.There is of course nothing intrinsically wrong with nationalism but when every kind of historical event is distorted as the use of English and England distorts then it becomes a serious matter.I put a lengthy introduction to the Edward first article and found to my amazement a message saying iy had been removed by some robotic scanner as vandalism.If anything it was the article that should have been removed or rewritten — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.99.11.150 ( talk • contribs) 24 June 2011
There is a second and equally important point here too: 'Scotland' and 'the Scots' were also not the same thing back then as they were later. The use of the word 'Scotland' is therefore misleading since back then the word referred to the Kingdom of the Scots - solely a highland entity, whilst the 'Scottish' lowlands were back then English. Similarly the 'Scottish' nobilty were, just as in England, mostly Norman French and would not have considered themslves either Scots or English. — Preceding
unsigned comment added by
92.5.13.74 (
talk) 10:05, 23 September 2012 (UTC)
This is simply wrong. English and Scottish people most certainly did see themselves as English and Scots, and that includes the lords. Many (though not all) English and Scottish lords had French surnames but since more than 200 years had elapsed since the Norman conquest of England we should not think of them as being 'French' any more than we should think of David Cameron as being Scottish or Bill Clinton as being English. Robert I - for example - had much more Gael, Norse and Irish ancestry than Norman...he just happened to have a Norman name. — Preceding
unsigned comment added by
81.153.209.243 (
talk)
14:54, 10 April 2016 (UTC)
I have been trying to find the language used by the court of Edward I of England. He was only 200 years after the Norman conquest and this puts him in the Norman vs Saxon era but so far I have not been able to find which language was used by those in power. Mtpaley ( talk) 22:24, 19 July 2013 (UTC)
"Edward responded with severe brutality against Bruce's allies and supporters. Bruce's sister, Mary, was suspended in a cage outside of Roxburgh for four years. Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan, who had crowned Bruce, was suspended in a cage outside of Berwick Castle for four years."
This old myth just refuses to die. First off, there is no official source (same source as in the articles), so I would expect the sources in the articles for the people in question to be the sources backing this, problem is that those sources don't say that these women were held in cages outside.
Now, I have read that Edward apparently wanted large cages to be built inside these castles, and the sources seem to support this.
So, should this be removed until actual sources are provided? Chronicler87 ( talk) 00:54, 29 August 2019 (UTC)
Can any one find the basis of the claims of Education Scotland btw? Historians like Michael Prestwich have debunked this myth. Chronicler87 ( talk) 01:08, 29 August 2019 (UTC)
To be imprisoned in "public view" does not mean that the cages are necessarily outside or exposed to the elements. "Cage" in this sense is also misleading, because were are talking something more prison-like than the cage that's often depicted in pictures, Edward even left instructions for how they had to have a built privy etc. Anyhow, the myth that Prestwich mainly debunked was the whole cages hanging on the outside (on the battlements). It doesn't take a genius to figure out that most ppl would not survive that kind of exposure (which is why it never happened). This myth has been built up for a long time, but we can agreed the cages/prison existed, but they were inside not outside (which was all I wanted deleted). Chronicler87 ( talk) 01:59, 3 September 2019 (UTC)
Also, I'm not sure what you mean with "too bland", in my opinion this Wikipedia article overemphasize Edwards supposed cruelty, which is partially a myth in itself, this article is very biased against Edward. The only reason I pointed to this specific thing (there are more), is because I was curious to see what "myths" are repeated on Wikipedia. Chronicler87 ( talk) 02:08, 3 September 2019 (UTC)
Btw, let me clarify, my understanding with you citing that quote by Cronell, it that you seem to want to emphasize Edwards cruelty. I mean Cornell is applying a modern standard on the past, there are probably other historians who would not consider this cruelty or extraordinary, especially not in light of the next paragraph which states that Edward saw this as putting down a rebellion as in disloyal subjects. Chronicler87 ( talk) 02:33, 3 September 2019 (UTC)
Large portions of the entry on Edward I are taken from Encyclopedia Britannica's > website verbatim without attribution. See > https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edward-I-king-of-England > James Hercules Sutton 01:40, 14 August 2022 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by JamesSutton ( talk • contribs)
Why is there an image of King Edward's Chair on this page? The linked page says that the chair is not named after Edward I but Edward the Confessor; Edward I is barely mentioned on the linked page. Didn't want to remove without discussion, in case there's something I'm missing here that isn't well explained on the page. 2604:2D80:9F0B:A400:B5C7:C76D:528:9700 ( talk) 00:44, 19 August 2022 (UTC)
The article says:
He initially intended to call himself Edward IV, recognising the three Saxon kings of England of that name. However, for reasons unknown he was called Edward I instead... How can this be? The first monarch to bear a name is not given a numeral after his or her name. We don't refer to King John I of England or Queen Victoria I of the United Kingdom, for example. If there was another King John or Queen Victoria only then would we need a way to distinguish the two, in the same way that Queen Elizabeth I was not called this until 1952, when Elizabeth II became queen.
I suggest that he did not call himself anything but Edward, and that he became Edward I only when Edward II became king. -- Jumbo 14:06, 20 August 2006 (UTC)
The kings before the conquest didn't count. They belonged to the defeated Anglo-Saxons. It was kind of a damnatio memoriae. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.16.153.89 ( talk) 05:00, 25 June 2017 (UTC)
I need a propose for a redirect hatnote, by accompanying with WP:ITHAT and other uses (if none).
Purpose 1:
Purpose 2:
Surveyor Mount ( talk) 22:55, 20 March 2023 (UTC)
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edit request to
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Edward I, King of England and Lord of Ireland is his correct title. The first Ebglish king to be given a numeral was Edward III. Edward I was known as 'Edward son of King Henry'. Dr Paul Booth ( talk) 17:00, 6 May 2023 (UTC)
There's a gif-image that shows Edward I's movements across England and Scotland over most of his reign File:King Edward I's itinerary.gif - Wikimedia Commons I wondered about integrating this into the article, to help readers visualise the king's movements? (disclaimer - I was involved in the research that lies behind the gif!) Charleslincolnshire ( talk) 20:39, 16 May 2023 (UTC)