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I went looking for data on tracks and found more than anticipated. The region between tracks left unrecorded is referred to as a guard band, not a track or silent track, plus there is a guard band between each of the 4 tracks of the stereo cassette. This archived specification page lists the track width as 24 mils (0.61 mm), a number that is closely corroborated in a discussion group as 23.5 mils. But the most interesting thing is that I kept running across the tape width as being 3.81 mm, rather than the 3.18 mm that we agreed on as a result of the archived discussion of this page in December 2005. One of the editors at that time claimed that he had actually measured the width with a vernier caliper, getting a result "a fraction under 3.18 mm", which just happens to be 1/8 inch. I deferred to him without making my own measurement. It now seems that our assumption of good faith in accepting his original research was unwarranted, especially since the journal of the Audio Engineering Society says the width is 3.81 mm. So I dug out my best steel straight edge scale, with engraved 1/64th inch increments, and several cassettes all measured between 9 and 10 64ths, about 3.7 mm, clearly closer to 3.81 than 3.18 mm. With these results in hand, I will boldly change the numbers to conform to reality rather than our previous reasonable assumptions. -- Blainster 19:58, 22 March 2007 (UTC)
I agree that this is not crystal clear, but the evidence is cumulative. Don't take my word on measuring the tape, please check it yourself. The Google search on "cassette + width + 3.18" gives 18,000 hits while "cassette + width + 3.81" gives 12,000 hits. But the 3.81 number has more reputable sites such as IEEE, AES, and ANSI. Isn't it strange that the standards sites all reference 3.81 and not 3.18? A little thought shows that the highly specialized tape manufacturing business doesn't allow non-standard tape widths to be economically feasible. Note that this DC100 article mentions "modified Philips digital tape cassette used in the HP 9830A" and "Unlike the DC300 [1/4 inch QIC tape], the DC100 used narrower tape (measuring 0.150 inches, although known as eighth-inch tape)". So the DCC ( Digital Compact Cassette and digital data cassettes use the same tape width as compact cassette, which is 0.150 inch or 3.81 mm. -- Blainster 20:48, 26 March 2007 (UTC)
This site: Magnetic Tape Story is in German, but if you scroll down to 1963 in the history you will see the tape width of the cassette given as 3.81 mm. Note that in Germany they didn't have to deal with metric to English conversions. The development date is given here as August, 1963 in Hasselt, Belgium with one of the engineers named Haarler. The first model was called the EL-300 (in the U.S. it was the Norelco Carry-Corder 150). This AES abstract gives the name of another engineer as L.F. Ottens (elsewhere called Lou Ottens). -- Blainster 11:36, 27 March 2007 (UTC)
Finally, this may be what you are looking for: The TDK spec sheet for their standard "Dynamic" audio cassettes, showing that the tape width is indeed 3.81 mm. -- Blainster 12:11, 27 March 2007 (UTC)
I will certainly not put it back, because I think that because the reel to reel format was 1/4 inch, the cassette was halve of its width, equals 1/8 inch by definition. And of course computer tapes, once extensively used in the IBM Mainframes and its clones were a full inch tape width. So the logical explanation is that widths are all fractions of an inch in the power of two. Just as standard paper formats (not the US letter) in the A-series are also halves of each other. As a former standards guy I would not expect otherwise Donvr ( talk) 11:25, 4 February 2008 (UTC)
In 1958 RCA introduced a 1/4-inch tape cartridge that was obviously a forerunner of the cassette. It looked remarkably like a cassette... just much larger; even larger than the elcasette. It had about a six inch by nine inch footprint. Here's a picture: http://www.richardhess.com/tape/rca_cart.jpg
And here's an archived RCA promo film: http://www.archive.org/details/Revoluti1958 (the stuff on the tape cartridge starts about halfway through at 7:58)
They ran at 3.75 ips and used four interleaved stereo tracks, just like open-reel 1/4 inch stereo. They had very little market success. I saw them used in high school language labs in the late 60s.
Should info on this go in the Compact Cassette article, perhaps under an "earlier attempts" section head? It certainly shouldn't be in the four-track cartridge article, as it's radically different even though it is a "four-track cartridge." Jeh 10:17, 1 April 2007 (UTC)
...speaking of which, the Elcasette should probably be mentioned here too, in the "successors" section with a link to the main article. Jeh 20:09, 1 April 2007 (UTC)
How many bytes a cassete tape can store? Is this usefull information to compare with disketes IMHO —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 201.79.50.163 ( talk) 21:07, 25 April 2007 (UTC).
I used a few of those special data ones as ordinary music cassettes, and wasnt very impressed with them. Fancy cases but cheap tape. Just a way to justify more profit I suspect, the prices they sold for in the 80s were excessive. But at least they were much better than domestic grade C10s, which were not good quality IMLE of them.
When assessing data capacity for domestic cassette use, bear in mind that IRL dropouts occur with tape, and with no error correction implemented the data has to maintain integrity through every dropout, so one can rely on no more than 5kHz or so before the implementation starts becoming too unreliable. Even 5kHz does not make for a consistently reliable system.
FWIW there were a small number of computer-only decks (not to be confused with the many standard analog decks sold as computer decks) which used digital recording of a basic sort. The analogue signal was simply comparatored and clipped into a digital stream that was recorded onto the tape at a high saturation level. No erase head was then needed. A comparator was used on the playback signal. Reliability was improved. The system was 100% compatible with ordinary analogue recorders.
Maybe a separate article for computer data on cassettes is the best option. Tabby 15:45, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
The Sharp MZ 80K was the first Sharp computer using the Z80 chip and was the first with an integral cassette deck. Circa 1978/9. It was sold in the UK. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 84.13.75.152 ( talk • contribs).
In the section on the RCA Tape Cartridge, Fourohfour wrote:
The article length could be made a lot more manageable by pushing most of the section on recorders and players into the separate article that already exists for that material. As it is, people seem to keep adding details here that really should be there... IMHO of course. Jeh
My '92 Chrysler LeBaron has a button on its tape deck to turn something called 'NR' on and off (It doesn't seem to make a difference in tonality). I just bought some new Maxell tapes, and they have little checkboxes on the track-list sleeve that says 'NR O-YES O-NO'. But I can't find anything in here about what NR is or what it possibly could be or stand for. Anyone have any information? PolarisSLBM 11:13, 24 May 2007 (UTC)
Tabby 15:32, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
I am doing a project for school and I am having a very hard time finding the information I need, I need to know....
1.) How many different 8 track tapes have been released?
2.) How many different Compact Cassette tapes have been released?
3.) How many different reel to real tapes have been released?
If anybody cna help me that would be great, thank you, respond or email me at shawnmort@hotmail.com —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Patriotfan012 ( talk • contribs).
I reverted this change, not because I thought it was bad, but because it went into too much depth in an article that is already really as long as it should be.
Here is the material:-
Can anyone think what we should do with this?
Fourohfour 14:33, 4 August 2007 (UTC)
I would insert a shortened version of this in a specific part dedicated to non-audio use of the cassette. For the Home computers you omitted the Texas Instruments type TI-99A. I used to possess one many years ago and still own the Philips tape deck with the special start/stop 3,5 mm socket (I lost the special TI-cable though). As I remember correctly the cassettes to be used were (C-)15 minutes.
Philips intended for the successor of the compact cassette, the DCC or digital variant, that data storage would form a key element because of its pure digital nature. Especially for the portable DCC-machine, this made sense. However they never assured stable software for its use and since DCC went quickly of the market, this application never became widespread. Donvr ( talk) 11:52, 16 February 2008 (UTC)
I find almost nowhere information about bandwith. I find between 15 and 20khz for high end cassette (and recorder) model. But, what about typical cassette and typical recorder ?
Tabby 15:30, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
I do not agree with the former statement. When measured at -20dB recording level, most high end machines reached at least 15 kHz, later claims from 3 head machines Tandberg TCD 3x0 and Revox B710 included the 18-20kHz range. Of course within a margin of -3 or -6 dB relative to the the midrange level. As always with these figures one should keep in mind that those cassettes should not be exposed later to high ambient temperatures. Ferro tapes were quite sensitive to losing higher frequencies under those conditions, chrome tapes fared better and metal tapes were the best for registering and retaining these higher frequiencies over the years. I'm personally using a Revox B710MII for playing cassettes of over 20 years old and only the mechanical properties sometimes leave something to be desired, but electrically i find no problems with high frequencies and transparency of sound!
I personally measured the TCD 320 once (I just sold it) and it indeed went up to 18 kHz at -20dB recording level. For higher recording levels the attenuation becomes much higher on ferro and chromium tapes, but metal tapes provide better response. In the cassette heydays, some people regretted the Dolby system because it raised the recording level at the detriment of headroom above 10 kHz. Note that the later Dolby C raised higher frequencies less than the B-system exactly for this purpose. Dolby HX Pro improved head room even further.
There is also another issue at very low frequencies, which have to do with the shape of the recording head. Summing up: a machine providing a real 20-20kHz range is not very easy to manufacture, but perfectly feasible. Donvr ( talk) 12:17, 16 February 2008 (UTC)
I'm fairly sure I bought new ferrichrome tapes in the early 90s, Realistic brand from Tandy, reduced as end of line, so I think sales of FeCr went on at least as far as then. They certainly weren't popular though.
Now my memory's a bit vague on this one, can anyone cofirm/deny this? IIRC there were real metal tapes (silver tape) and metal bias tapes (black tape). I rarely bought type IV, but I think (and am not certain) the latter version quickly took over from the former, since it was a cheaper mfr process, probably doped cheaper material types. In practice the high price tags on all type 4s ensured they saw few sales.
Finally in the later days of cassettes there were chrome EQ ferric tapes. These were prerec ferric tapes designed to be played on the chrome setting, giving reduced noise. Such tapes could also be produced by copying a chrome tape played at 120us onto a ferric tape. It was a workable trick, but tended to cause some confusion in practice. Many decks had 120/70 selector switches controlled by the cassette shell, making manual switching difficult. Tabby 16:31, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
FWIW there were also some cassettes with head cleaning leaders, ISTR scotch or 3M
Tabby
16:33, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
At least all the High Q Maxell cassettes I use (XL I-S, II-S and IV-S) have tape endings which clean the heads. I even used these tapes before putting DCC-tapes in, for cleaning the multiple gap heads of these machines (because of the complicated recording/playback arrangements I stopped DCC later on). Since Maxell promoted their type IV tapes as the only ones sure not to rust (and indeed they do not) by embedding all metal particles inside other materials, the color of the tape is not a direct indication whether its "real" metal or just metal bias. Double layer FeCr tapes were criticised for their envisaged vulnerability for losing its top CrO2 layer. Whether this critiscism was justified nobody will know, they got off the market quite fast Donvr ( talk) 11:43, 4 February 2008 (UTC)
I notice that Compact Cassette has what looks like a trademarked logo. Was there a licensing scheme in the 1960s and 1970s? Did cassette manufacturers have to pay money to Philips for every cassette tape produced? More info on this in the article would be useful. - Rolypolyman 03:06, 21 October 2007 (UTC)
Many years ago I read an article claiming that Philips' invention of the Audio Cassette in 1963, along with tiny per-cassette royalties, made them very rich over time. Since international patents expire after 17 years, it was 1980 when Philips announced the CD-ROM as a replacement technology and then did it all over again. Maybe someone can verify this and add it to the main article. -- Neilrieck ( talk) 11:55, 26 January 2008 (UTC)
p.s. Take note: Philips is working with Sony attempting to promote Blu-ray technology -- Neilrieck ( talk) 11:55, 26 January 2008 (UTC)
You are correct on both issues: the compact cassette as well as the Blue Book CD standards got Philips and later Philips and Sony a lot of money and they expect a similar effect with Blu-ray. In the latter case they have to share with more parties of course or trade in these rights for other ones. As a former high Philips guy told me recently: you hardly make money on hardware nowadays, but IPR is what it is all about Donvr ( talk) 11:48, 4 February 2008 (UTC)
I changed the Third World at the end of Introduction of music cassettes section for the most acurate Developing country. As can be seen in the caput of Third World article pasted below:
And because it does not appear at the BBC article reference number 8.
Spra from portuguese wikipedia 200.142.179.71 ( talk) 07:39, 10 February 2008 (UTC).
Hmmmm. Not when you can walk into any Wal-Mart or Target and find newly manufactured blank tapes and machines to play them. Hell, my 2005 car has a cassettte player as standard equipment and I think you can get it as an option on most cars today. John celona ( talk) 16:29, 17 May 2008 (UTC)
The cassette is hardly out of fashion, or obsolete. Lost of music is still released on cassette. - Viola sk8 1976 03:12, 5 October 2008 (UTC)
"The use of better modulation techniques like QPSK or those used in modern modems, combined with the improved bandwidth and signal to noise ratio of newer cassette tapes, allowed much greater capacities (up to 60 MB) and speeds (10–17 kB/s for data rate) on each cassette."
Is that really supposed to be 10-17 kilobytes per second? That's what "kB" means. The previous chapter talks in terms of bits per second, so even if this actually is correct, there is an inconsistency. -- 84.250.188.136 ( talk) 13:59, 21 July 2008 (UTC)
Citation Tags:
Someone appears to be putting Citation tags on the articles. I urge that person to put a simple web-search on each of those section and verify himself. People usually contribute to article based on their geography and know better. For example in India audio cassette even in the presence of CDs is sometimes very aggressly priced depending on certain film releases. The success of Southern Indian Telugu language films in combating pirated CDs is due to such aggressive pricing of tapes.
In similar the relationship between Indie labels and audio cassettes is well documented in recent news. Citation tags is now questioning news articles, for instance : http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/mar/29/audio-cassette-comeback.
K David —Preceding unsigned comment added by 61.82.185.3 ( talk) 23:17, 6 September 2010 (UTC)
In the "Decline" section, it is said that "the average CD holds fewer than 80" minutes. This is mostly likely uncompressed. Shouldn't this be pointed out? Also, the proceeding reference points to a dead link (#12). 72.84.160.187 ( talk) 21:00, 19 January 2009 (UTC)
A low-end tape could be constructed from as few as 14 components.
A high end tape could be constructed from as many as 29 components.
Some variations used completely clear shells and anti-friction inserts to eliminate the need for window inserts, or used clear anti-friction inserts to provide some protection against entry of dust through the open window holes. Some only used screws in the four corners. There were also a few tapes with more than 29 components which had spools with sides like miniature reel-to-reel reels, though they were limited in capacity due to the inability of the tape to wind beyond the middle of the shell.
In contrast, a CD is made of only 4 components.
Cheaper recordable CD discs omit the label and only have the lacquer coating, but add the dye layer so still have four components. A protective coating puts it up to five, still nowhere near the number in the cheapest tapes.
Makes one wonder how the music industry justified the much higher prices for CDs VS tapes when tapes had to cost a lot more in materials even for the cheapest versions. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bizzybody ( talk • contribs) 07:25, 6 April 2009 (UTC)
Some time in the 1980's, I read a brief article in a UK Hi-Fi magazine, stating the sale of "double speed" cassette decks had been blocked.
These were hi-fi separates - *NOT* the Tascam Portastudio nor any similar "studio" device.
The article stated:
To emphasise: this article referred to "hi-fi separates" - NOT machines like the Tascam "Portastudio" style.
Nor was it referring to a "high speed dubbing" mode - cassettes recorded at "double speed" would be played back *at that speed*.
Nor was it a player sold by Tandy / Radio Shack that could *play* an existing tape at double the regular speed, yet shifted the frequencies:( for example a voice recording would play at double speed, but retain the original frequency balance, rather than the the usual "Mickey Mouse" voice change.
86.25.121.212 (
talk)
00:31, 30 March 2010 (UTC)
I was wondering if someone knew more on tape rot? Perhaps just a rumor? Or baking tapes, where old tapes become brittle, if they aren't out right cracked you can bake the tapes and get a little more life out of them, enough to transfer to another format.
Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.210.170.143 (talk) 22:46, 10 April 2010 (UTC) —Preceding
unsigned comment added by
86.25.123.3 (
talk)
Frequently, I recorded a Maxell UR-30 Normal Bias in March 2010. Some date like that. It is too short but it was confusing. The As and Bs in the white tape is green. Green is a secondary color. That's the rarest Maxell ever. - User:FlaggyAznavour —Preceding undated comment added 01:38, 24 May 2010 (UTC).
Twice now I have removed a new paragraph describing the theoretical limit of data storage on compact cassette if a helical scan were used. Here is what I removed:
Using the same helical scan technique that VHS video tapes use a areal bit density of 17.8 Gbit/m² [1] and the area of an C-60 tape would result in 11.6 Gbit of storage (1387 MByte and 395 kByte/s transfers. Using a dynamic of 78 dB, maximum frequency of 20 kHz and tape length of 60 minutes. The capacity becomes 55.6 MByte and transfer speed of 15.8 kByte/s.
The reference is http://web.phys.tue.nl/fileadmin/tn/de_faculteit/capaciteitsgroepen/FM/FNA/Students_Education/Lectures_Courses/Coehoorn_Lecture-Notes-SVs-Part1-final.pdf, a university lecture.
I found this paragraph full of conjecture, with no relation to the Compact Cassette as implemented. Unrealistic assumptions were made, such as the full width of the tape being used, a high frequency not obtained by the majority of playback devices, a transfer speed pulled out of thin air and an arbitrary tape length chosen. I do not consider this speculative information useful to the article. Binksternet ( talk) 16:18, 15 June 2010 (UTC)
The 'Flaws' section currently reads:
I also tried to add a statement that not only could playback pitch be affected by improperly calibrated tape speed, but the high-end eq-ing for noise reduction or for tape formulation was adversely affected as well. This was reverted on the grounds that the effect on eq was surely too small to notice, but I stand by it. I've had many-a deck which played too fast over the years. I would often use them to play tapes which had been recorded at normal speed and which were either Type II or IV or which had Dolby NR. It was my experience that during playback, enabling the proper NR or selecting Type II or IV as required inevitably resulted in an obviously excessive amount of the high end and upper midrange being cut; it was noticeably more muted than when the same settings were used on a deck playing at normal speed (or at whatever speed the tape was recorded). I realize "in my experience" is unverifiable original research, so I'm not going to insist on including it, but by that reasoning, the entire paragraph needs to be scrapped. — mjb ( talk) 05:32, 27 March 2011 (UTC)
In my country (Brazil), there are people, usually homeless people or drug-abusing men, that boils the tape to extract the chemicals and then drinking the beverage to get high. The liquid is called "Tape Tea" (“Chá de Fita”) and some people (with very good reasons) think it is brain-damaging. With more and more old tapes being disposed, the ill practice achieved a peak on its use. Should it be noted on this Wikipedia Article? 189.77.162.33 ( talk) 17:24, 28 June 2013 (UTC)
No capitalization is required in the title. The correct title for this article is Compact cassette. Any objections to a move?-- Wetman ( talk) 19:37, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
[2] Quote: Rijk van geworden zeker?, vroegen we. Nee dus. En daar had Roos nog nooit bij stilgestaan. Op de patenten prijkt de naam van haar vader, maar de winsten gingen naar Philips. Translation: Profits went to Philips -a dutch company- where Mestdagh worked, but on the patents it clearly states Gilbert Mestdagh is the inventor. [3] [4] 83.101.80.250 ( talk) 08:20, 24 October 2015 (UTC)
References
Would Sony's new tapes fit into this article? I believe they were announced yesterday, 5 may 2014. Here are two links to describe them:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2014/05/04/think-the-cassette-tape-is-dead-then-why-did-sony-just-cram-148tb-of-data-onto-one/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.33.4.204 ( talk) 22:33, 6 May 2014 (UTC)
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Compact cassettes varied a lot in the number of parts. They could have as few as eleven - 2 spools, 2 leader clips, tape and leaders (or just tape with no leaders), 2 snap together shell halves with integral roller pins (no slip liners, open window slots), 2 rollers and 1 pressure pad with spring. Or they could have as many as twenty-four - 2 spools, 2 leader clips, tape and leaders (or just tape with no leaders), 2 screw together shell halves, 2 clear window inserts, 5 screws, 2 slip liners, 2 metal roller pins, 2 rollers, 2 sliding write protect tabs and 1 pressure pad with spring. The intrduction of all-clear shells removed the need for clear window inserts, reducing the high-end parts count to twenty-two. Counting the tape, leaders and splices increases the parts count, especially with tapes using multi-segmented leaders made with different materials. There was another style made that had spools made like miniature reel-to-reel spools. Those didn't use slip liners and always had all clear shells to show off the miniature spools. I've never owned one of that type so I don't know how the spools are made to know their number of parts. An exploded view image of both a cheap and a high end compact cassette showing the different number of components would be a good addition to this article. It could also be used to say something about the much higher cost of albums on audio CD VS Cassette when by parts count, complexity and time to produce each tape (given that even with "high speed" duplication each cassette took far longer to replicate than the practically instant replication of a CD) a Compact Cassette had to cost more to manufacture. Bizzybody ( talk) 05:25, 5 January 2017 (UTC)
A short video showing some of the methods used to manufacture tapes at National Audio Company https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMTpvr9HXeI Bizzybody ( talk) 05:31, 5 January 2017 (UTC)
I never found it to inhibit browsing and this is the first time I've heard anyone complain about it. *shrug* That sounds like a silly supposition, that it hurt sales.
I grew up in the late 80's/early 90s and bought only cassettes. :-S — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.189.221.29 ( talk) 17:51, 22 March 2017 (UTC)
As well as the high frequency (70/120 uS) equalisation. Low frequency (1590/3180 uS) equalisation is used. All cassettes decks manufactured before 1970 used 1590 uS while those manufactured after 1974 use 3180 uS. Equipment manufactured between those two years used 1590uS for Ferric (IEC Type 1) cassettes and 3180 uS for all other types. Eq standards for open reel tapes varied according to tape speed [1] As for High frequency equalisation Ferric (IEC Type 1) gennerally used 120 uS and 70uS was used for all other types but there were some exceptions such as some Chrome/Cobolt cassettes (manufactured by BASF) designed for 120 uS and pre-recorded musiccassettes which alwaysd used 120us regardless of tape type. 86.175.231.58 ( talk) 16:17, 22 July 2017 (UTC)
As well as audio and data there have been attempts ar recording monochrome video (see PXL-2000 ) onto cassette tape. Strictly speaking Phillips (holders of the "Compact cassette" trademarks and patents) regarded such things as "Teddy Ruxpin" storytelling dolls, Data recording, Video recording, Tascam portastudio, 4 track recording, double (or half) speed recording and even (initially) some noise reduction systems (e.g. Dolby) and high bias tape formulations as "non-standard" formats which threatened to undermine the universal compatability of the compact cassette formats. In later years they took the same view of "copy protected" and other non-standard optical discs projibiting the use of the "compact disc" trademark. 86.175.231.58 ( talk) 18:24, 22 July 2017 (UTC)
I disagree. Most people looking up information on cassettes, including my millennial daughter would "love" (and she did) to know this upfront. I will change what i did to make it less detailed, but it is important to know in the introduction. Drycroft4 ( talk) 07:00, 9 August 2017 (UTC)
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The Stranger Things OST is available on cassette, eg https://nerdist.com/stranger-things-soundtrack-cassette-tape-vhs/
Should I add this to the "21st century use" section? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.197.73.199 ( talk) 09:40, 15 November 2017 (UTC)
There's a contribution at Talk:Tape bias#Article needs table that is probably best incorporated into this article. Any objections? Any volunteers? ~ Kvng ( talk) 22:42, 13 July 2018 (UTC)
MeanMotherJr had inserted metric measurements implying the cassette was developed under the metric system. Jeh reverted because they were "improbably precise". Certainly the tape dimension (1/8") is of non-metric origin. It looks like the cartridge dimensions also are round numbers in inches. The fact that it was developed in Holland in 1962 doesn't necessarily indicate it was a metric design. Were the Dutch using the metric system in 1962. Were these particular engineers using the metric system for this project? We need citations. ~ Kvng ( talk) 14:48, 3 September 2018 (UTC)
Something makes me think that the longer a tape is, the thinner it is (as in that's a coincidence). I think that if there was explanation on how longer tapes were made (not just the C-180 whose magnetic tape was near transparent), it would clear things up (not just me even though it seems illogical that longer tapes coincidentally had thinner tape). Thank you! 211.27.126.189 ( talk) 09:07, 7 December 2018 (UTC)
On average a cassette tape uses 1.5m of tape for every minute of audio - as a rule of thumb. Ergo a C60 will have around 43m of tape inside it, because the tape is dual sided, so only half the length is actually required. A C90 will have 65m, and a C180 130m, etc.
With regard to the actual size of the spools with their tape wrapped around it, a C15 will have a lot less tape, and even with the cooking ferric used will take up physically less space than a C180 - so technically, the answer is "No" the spools may not be the same size. However once you reach the maximum available space then the spools will stay the same maximum size and the tape will get progressively thinner in order for it all to fit.
You know, we actually have an article for this - Audio tape specifications - maybe you should head over there. Chaheel Riens ( talk) 18:28, 9 December 2018 (UTC)
The article mentions TDK C180 (1.5 hours per side) cassettes but there were also C240 cassettes. Most equipment manufacturers did not recommend the use of C120 (or longer) cassettes as the thin tape was liable to streaching, breaking and print through (echo). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.175.231.58 ( talk) 05:23, 22 July 2017 (UTC)
Dear writer,
What I miss in the article is information about the lifetime of the Compact Cassette.
This means once how many times can you "rewrite" such a tape before the quality is unusable?
Twice How much time does it take before the content of the tape has withered so far that the tape is unusable?
Regards.
J.P. (Jan) Clifford 145.129.136.48 ( talk) 17:54, 3 August 2017 (UTC)
145.129.136.48 ( talk) 13:00, 7 August 2017 (UTC)
The result of the move request was: moved ( page mover nac) Flooded with them hundreds 18:34, 4 November 2018 (UTC)
Compact Cassette → Cassette tape – The common name of this product today is "cassette tape". power~enwiki ( π, ν) 20:41, 27 October 2018 (UTC)
Sorry for very late gatecrashing... that unfortunate renaming passed unnoticed. Anyway, what's done is done - but then what is the subject and scope of the article after renaming? Quite obviously it's not Compact Cassette anymore, but what is it? Is it about cassette formats in general (emphasis on casette), or about tape formulations that were loaded into various cassette formats (emphasis on tape)? As the author of an article on the latter subject in another 'pedia, I can assure you that there's plenty of nontrivial info on either Compact cassette tapes, or the video cassette tapes, and even more on the data cartridge tapes (being the longest-running and still evolving, front-line technology). Retired electrician ( talk) 19:29, 16 March 2020 (UTC) Necessary disclaimer: I import and sell vintage tapes (both cassette and reel-to-reel), so there's a remote conflict of interest and not-so-remote burden of real-life experience and insider knowledge, which may be incorrect. Retired electrician ( talk) 19:29, 16 March 2020 (UTC)
To those who are moving this article, please see the RM above. On Wikipedia we do not move an article away from the title agreed at an RM. If you want to move it then open another RM. Also note WP:COMMONNAME. -- Necrothesp ( talk) 09:31, 6 April 2020 (UTC)
I heard that cassette tapes can be "scratched" just like doing vinyl scratching. Any info on cassette tape scratching is welcome. Komitsuki ( talk) 15:39, 8 December 2012 (UTC)
I was astonished that the work leading to both the compact cassette and the compact disc and the inventors/designers behind them is not well documented yet. I suggest a page about Lou Ottens as a first step. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.211.236.148 ( talk) 02:40, 29 August 2013 (UTC)
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"The recording 'bias' equalizations also were different (and had a much longer time constant). "
Scrambled information. The bias is not equalization. It has no time constant. Equalization is used on recording and playback. Bias, a completely different thing, is used on recording only. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 139.68.134.1 ( talk) 21:27, 2 May 2016 (UTC)
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I was curious how many cassette tape manufacturers were still in business, and if it's a small number, who they are. It might be interesting to have a graph of the number of manufacturers worldwide over time. -- Beland ( talk) 14:13, 18 July 2014 (UTC)
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I went looking for data on tracks and found more than anticipated. The region between tracks left unrecorded is referred to as a guard band, not a track or silent track, plus there is a guard band between each of the 4 tracks of the stereo cassette. This archived specification page lists the track width as 24 mils (0.61 mm), a number that is closely corroborated in a discussion group as 23.5 mils. But the most interesting thing is that I kept running across the tape width as being 3.81 mm, rather than the 3.18 mm that we agreed on as a result of the archived discussion of this page in December 2005. One of the editors at that time claimed that he had actually measured the width with a vernier caliper, getting a result "a fraction under 3.18 mm", which just happens to be 1/8 inch. I deferred to him without making my own measurement. It now seems that our assumption of good faith in accepting his original research was unwarranted, especially since the journal of the Audio Engineering Society says the width is 3.81 mm. So I dug out my best steel straight edge scale, with engraved 1/64th inch increments, and several cassettes all measured between 9 and 10 64ths, about 3.7 mm, clearly closer to 3.81 than 3.18 mm. With these results in hand, I will boldly change the numbers to conform to reality rather than our previous reasonable assumptions. -- Blainster 19:58, 22 March 2007 (UTC)
I agree that this is not crystal clear, but the evidence is cumulative. Don't take my word on measuring the tape, please check it yourself. The Google search on "cassette + width + 3.18" gives 18,000 hits while "cassette + width + 3.81" gives 12,000 hits. But the 3.81 number has more reputable sites such as IEEE, AES, and ANSI. Isn't it strange that the standards sites all reference 3.81 and not 3.18? A little thought shows that the highly specialized tape manufacturing business doesn't allow non-standard tape widths to be economically feasible. Note that this DC100 article mentions "modified Philips digital tape cassette used in the HP 9830A" and "Unlike the DC300 [1/4 inch QIC tape], the DC100 used narrower tape (measuring 0.150 inches, although known as eighth-inch tape)". So the DCC ( Digital Compact Cassette and digital data cassettes use the same tape width as compact cassette, which is 0.150 inch or 3.81 mm. -- Blainster 20:48, 26 March 2007 (UTC)
This site: Magnetic Tape Story is in German, but if you scroll down to 1963 in the history you will see the tape width of the cassette given as 3.81 mm. Note that in Germany they didn't have to deal with metric to English conversions. The development date is given here as August, 1963 in Hasselt, Belgium with one of the engineers named Haarler. The first model was called the EL-300 (in the U.S. it was the Norelco Carry-Corder 150). This AES abstract gives the name of another engineer as L.F. Ottens (elsewhere called Lou Ottens). -- Blainster 11:36, 27 March 2007 (UTC)
Finally, this may be what you are looking for: The TDK spec sheet for their standard "Dynamic" audio cassettes, showing that the tape width is indeed 3.81 mm. -- Blainster 12:11, 27 March 2007 (UTC)
I will certainly not put it back, because I think that because the reel to reel format was 1/4 inch, the cassette was halve of its width, equals 1/8 inch by definition. And of course computer tapes, once extensively used in the IBM Mainframes and its clones were a full inch tape width. So the logical explanation is that widths are all fractions of an inch in the power of two. Just as standard paper formats (not the US letter) in the A-series are also halves of each other. As a former standards guy I would not expect otherwise Donvr ( talk) 11:25, 4 February 2008 (UTC)
In 1958 RCA introduced a 1/4-inch tape cartridge that was obviously a forerunner of the cassette. It looked remarkably like a cassette... just much larger; even larger than the elcasette. It had about a six inch by nine inch footprint. Here's a picture: http://www.richardhess.com/tape/rca_cart.jpg
And here's an archived RCA promo film: http://www.archive.org/details/Revoluti1958 (the stuff on the tape cartridge starts about halfway through at 7:58)
They ran at 3.75 ips and used four interleaved stereo tracks, just like open-reel 1/4 inch stereo. They had very little market success. I saw them used in high school language labs in the late 60s.
Should info on this go in the Compact Cassette article, perhaps under an "earlier attempts" section head? It certainly shouldn't be in the four-track cartridge article, as it's radically different even though it is a "four-track cartridge." Jeh 10:17, 1 April 2007 (UTC)
...speaking of which, the Elcasette should probably be mentioned here too, in the "successors" section with a link to the main article. Jeh 20:09, 1 April 2007 (UTC)
How many bytes a cassete tape can store? Is this usefull information to compare with disketes IMHO —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 201.79.50.163 ( talk) 21:07, 25 April 2007 (UTC).
I used a few of those special data ones as ordinary music cassettes, and wasnt very impressed with them. Fancy cases but cheap tape. Just a way to justify more profit I suspect, the prices they sold for in the 80s were excessive. But at least they were much better than domestic grade C10s, which were not good quality IMLE of them.
When assessing data capacity for domestic cassette use, bear in mind that IRL dropouts occur with tape, and with no error correction implemented the data has to maintain integrity through every dropout, so one can rely on no more than 5kHz or so before the implementation starts becoming too unreliable. Even 5kHz does not make for a consistently reliable system.
FWIW there were a small number of computer-only decks (not to be confused with the many standard analog decks sold as computer decks) which used digital recording of a basic sort. The analogue signal was simply comparatored and clipped into a digital stream that was recorded onto the tape at a high saturation level. No erase head was then needed. A comparator was used on the playback signal. Reliability was improved. The system was 100% compatible with ordinary analogue recorders.
Maybe a separate article for computer data on cassettes is the best option. Tabby 15:45, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
The Sharp MZ 80K was the first Sharp computer using the Z80 chip and was the first with an integral cassette deck. Circa 1978/9. It was sold in the UK. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 84.13.75.152 ( talk • contribs).
In the section on the RCA Tape Cartridge, Fourohfour wrote:
The article length could be made a lot more manageable by pushing most of the section on recorders and players into the separate article that already exists for that material. As it is, people seem to keep adding details here that really should be there... IMHO of course. Jeh
My '92 Chrysler LeBaron has a button on its tape deck to turn something called 'NR' on and off (It doesn't seem to make a difference in tonality). I just bought some new Maxell tapes, and they have little checkboxes on the track-list sleeve that says 'NR O-YES O-NO'. But I can't find anything in here about what NR is or what it possibly could be or stand for. Anyone have any information? PolarisSLBM 11:13, 24 May 2007 (UTC)
Tabby 15:32, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
I am doing a project for school and I am having a very hard time finding the information I need, I need to know....
1.) How many different 8 track tapes have been released?
2.) How many different Compact Cassette tapes have been released?
3.) How many different reel to real tapes have been released?
If anybody cna help me that would be great, thank you, respond or email me at shawnmort@hotmail.com —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Patriotfan012 ( talk • contribs).
I reverted this change, not because I thought it was bad, but because it went into too much depth in an article that is already really as long as it should be.
Here is the material:-
Can anyone think what we should do with this?
Fourohfour 14:33, 4 August 2007 (UTC)
I would insert a shortened version of this in a specific part dedicated to non-audio use of the cassette. For the Home computers you omitted the Texas Instruments type TI-99A. I used to possess one many years ago and still own the Philips tape deck with the special start/stop 3,5 mm socket (I lost the special TI-cable though). As I remember correctly the cassettes to be used were (C-)15 minutes.
Philips intended for the successor of the compact cassette, the DCC or digital variant, that data storage would form a key element because of its pure digital nature. Especially for the portable DCC-machine, this made sense. However they never assured stable software for its use and since DCC went quickly of the market, this application never became widespread. Donvr ( talk) 11:52, 16 February 2008 (UTC)
I find almost nowhere information about bandwith. I find between 15 and 20khz for high end cassette (and recorder) model. But, what about typical cassette and typical recorder ?
Tabby 15:30, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
I do not agree with the former statement. When measured at -20dB recording level, most high end machines reached at least 15 kHz, later claims from 3 head machines Tandberg TCD 3x0 and Revox B710 included the 18-20kHz range. Of course within a margin of -3 or -6 dB relative to the the midrange level. As always with these figures one should keep in mind that those cassettes should not be exposed later to high ambient temperatures. Ferro tapes were quite sensitive to losing higher frequencies under those conditions, chrome tapes fared better and metal tapes were the best for registering and retaining these higher frequiencies over the years. I'm personally using a Revox B710MII for playing cassettes of over 20 years old and only the mechanical properties sometimes leave something to be desired, but electrically i find no problems with high frequencies and transparency of sound!
I personally measured the TCD 320 once (I just sold it) and it indeed went up to 18 kHz at -20dB recording level. For higher recording levels the attenuation becomes much higher on ferro and chromium tapes, but metal tapes provide better response. In the cassette heydays, some people regretted the Dolby system because it raised the recording level at the detriment of headroom above 10 kHz. Note that the later Dolby C raised higher frequencies less than the B-system exactly for this purpose. Dolby HX Pro improved head room even further.
There is also another issue at very low frequencies, which have to do with the shape of the recording head. Summing up: a machine providing a real 20-20kHz range is not very easy to manufacture, but perfectly feasible. Donvr ( talk) 12:17, 16 February 2008 (UTC)
I'm fairly sure I bought new ferrichrome tapes in the early 90s, Realistic brand from Tandy, reduced as end of line, so I think sales of FeCr went on at least as far as then. They certainly weren't popular though.
Now my memory's a bit vague on this one, can anyone cofirm/deny this? IIRC there were real metal tapes (silver tape) and metal bias tapes (black tape). I rarely bought type IV, but I think (and am not certain) the latter version quickly took over from the former, since it was a cheaper mfr process, probably doped cheaper material types. In practice the high price tags on all type 4s ensured they saw few sales.
Finally in the later days of cassettes there were chrome EQ ferric tapes. These were prerec ferric tapes designed to be played on the chrome setting, giving reduced noise. Such tapes could also be produced by copying a chrome tape played at 120us onto a ferric tape. It was a workable trick, but tended to cause some confusion in practice. Many decks had 120/70 selector switches controlled by the cassette shell, making manual switching difficult. Tabby 16:31, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
FWIW there were also some cassettes with head cleaning leaders, ISTR scotch or 3M
Tabby
16:33, 9 September 2007 (UTC)
At least all the High Q Maxell cassettes I use (XL I-S, II-S and IV-S) have tape endings which clean the heads. I even used these tapes before putting DCC-tapes in, for cleaning the multiple gap heads of these machines (because of the complicated recording/playback arrangements I stopped DCC later on). Since Maxell promoted their type IV tapes as the only ones sure not to rust (and indeed they do not) by embedding all metal particles inside other materials, the color of the tape is not a direct indication whether its "real" metal or just metal bias. Double layer FeCr tapes were criticised for their envisaged vulnerability for losing its top CrO2 layer. Whether this critiscism was justified nobody will know, they got off the market quite fast Donvr ( talk) 11:43, 4 February 2008 (UTC)
I notice that Compact Cassette has what looks like a trademarked logo. Was there a licensing scheme in the 1960s and 1970s? Did cassette manufacturers have to pay money to Philips for every cassette tape produced? More info on this in the article would be useful. - Rolypolyman 03:06, 21 October 2007 (UTC)
Many years ago I read an article claiming that Philips' invention of the Audio Cassette in 1963, along with tiny per-cassette royalties, made them very rich over time. Since international patents expire after 17 years, it was 1980 when Philips announced the CD-ROM as a replacement technology and then did it all over again. Maybe someone can verify this and add it to the main article. -- Neilrieck ( talk) 11:55, 26 January 2008 (UTC)
p.s. Take note: Philips is working with Sony attempting to promote Blu-ray technology -- Neilrieck ( talk) 11:55, 26 January 2008 (UTC)
You are correct on both issues: the compact cassette as well as the Blue Book CD standards got Philips and later Philips and Sony a lot of money and they expect a similar effect with Blu-ray. In the latter case they have to share with more parties of course or trade in these rights for other ones. As a former high Philips guy told me recently: you hardly make money on hardware nowadays, but IPR is what it is all about Donvr ( talk) 11:48, 4 February 2008 (UTC)
I changed the Third World at the end of Introduction of music cassettes section for the most acurate Developing country. As can be seen in the caput of Third World article pasted below:
And because it does not appear at the BBC article reference number 8.
Spra from portuguese wikipedia 200.142.179.71 ( talk) 07:39, 10 February 2008 (UTC).
Hmmmm. Not when you can walk into any Wal-Mart or Target and find newly manufactured blank tapes and machines to play them. Hell, my 2005 car has a cassettte player as standard equipment and I think you can get it as an option on most cars today. John celona ( talk) 16:29, 17 May 2008 (UTC)
The cassette is hardly out of fashion, or obsolete. Lost of music is still released on cassette. - Viola sk8 1976 03:12, 5 October 2008 (UTC)
"The use of better modulation techniques like QPSK or those used in modern modems, combined with the improved bandwidth and signal to noise ratio of newer cassette tapes, allowed much greater capacities (up to 60 MB) and speeds (10–17 kB/s for data rate) on each cassette."
Is that really supposed to be 10-17 kilobytes per second? That's what "kB" means. The previous chapter talks in terms of bits per second, so even if this actually is correct, there is an inconsistency. -- 84.250.188.136 ( talk) 13:59, 21 July 2008 (UTC)
Citation Tags:
Someone appears to be putting Citation tags on the articles. I urge that person to put a simple web-search on each of those section and verify himself. People usually contribute to article based on their geography and know better. For example in India audio cassette even in the presence of CDs is sometimes very aggressly priced depending on certain film releases. The success of Southern Indian Telugu language films in combating pirated CDs is due to such aggressive pricing of tapes.
In similar the relationship between Indie labels and audio cassettes is well documented in recent news. Citation tags is now questioning news articles, for instance : http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/mar/29/audio-cassette-comeback.
K David —Preceding unsigned comment added by 61.82.185.3 ( talk) 23:17, 6 September 2010 (UTC)
In the "Decline" section, it is said that "the average CD holds fewer than 80" minutes. This is mostly likely uncompressed. Shouldn't this be pointed out? Also, the proceeding reference points to a dead link (#12). 72.84.160.187 ( talk) 21:00, 19 January 2009 (UTC)
A low-end tape could be constructed from as few as 14 components.
A high end tape could be constructed from as many as 29 components.
Some variations used completely clear shells and anti-friction inserts to eliminate the need for window inserts, or used clear anti-friction inserts to provide some protection against entry of dust through the open window holes. Some only used screws in the four corners. There were also a few tapes with more than 29 components which had spools with sides like miniature reel-to-reel reels, though they were limited in capacity due to the inability of the tape to wind beyond the middle of the shell.
In contrast, a CD is made of only 4 components.
Cheaper recordable CD discs omit the label and only have the lacquer coating, but add the dye layer so still have four components. A protective coating puts it up to five, still nowhere near the number in the cheapest tapes.
Makes one wonder how the music industry justified the much higher prices for CDs VS tapes when tapes had to cost a lot more in materials even for the cheapest versions. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bizzybody ( talk • contribs) 07:25, 6 April 2009 (UTC)
Some time in the 1980's, I read a brief article in a UK Hi-Fi magazine, stating the sale of "double speed" cassette decks had been blocked.
These were hi-fi separates - *NOT* the Tascam Portastudio nor any similar "studio" device.
The article stated:
To emphasise: this article referred to "hi-fi separates" - NOT machines like the Tascam "Portastudio" style.
Nor was it referring to a "high speed dubbing" mode - cassettes recorded at "double speed" would be played back *at that speed*.
Nor was it a player sold by Tandy / Radio Shack that could *play* an existing tape at double the regular speed, yet shifted the frequencies:( for example a voice recording would play at double speed, but retain the original frequency balance, rather than the the usual "Mickey Mouse" voice change.
86.25.121.212 (
talk)
00:31, 30 March 2010 (UTC)
I was wondering if someone knew more on tape rot? Perhaps just a rumor? Or baking tapes, where old tapes become brittle, if they aren't out right cracked you can bake the tapes and get a little more life out of them, enough to transfer to another format.
Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.210.170.143 (talk) 22:46, 10 April 2010 (UTC) —Preceding
unsigned comment added by
86.25.123.3 (
talk)
Frequently, I recorded a Maxell UR-30 Normal Bias in March 2010. Some date like that. It is too short but it was confusing. The As and Bs in the white tape is green. Green is a secondary color. That's the rarest Maxell ever. - User:FlaggyAznavour —Preceding undated comment added 01:38, 24 May 2010 (UTC).
Twice now I have removed a new paragraph describing the theoretical limit of data storage on compact cassette if a helical scan were used. Here is what I removed:
Using the same helical scan technique that VHS video tapes use a areal bit density of 17.8 Gbit/m² [1] and the area of an C-60 tape would result in 11.6 Gbit of storage (1387 MByte and 395 kByte/s transfers. Using a dynamic of 78 dB, maximum frequency of 20 kHz and tape length of 60 minutes. The capacity becomes 55.6 MByte and transfer speed of 15.8 kByte/s.
The reference is http://web.phys.tue.nl/fileadmin/tn/de_faculteit/capaciteitsgroepen/FM/FNA/Students_Education/Lectures_Courses/Coehoorn_Lecture-Notes-SVs-Part1-final.pdf, a university lecture.
I found this paragraph full of conjecture, with no relation to the Compact Cassette as implemented. Unrealistic assumptions were made, such as the full width of the tape being used, a high frequency not obtained by the majority of playback devices, a transfer speed pulled out of thin air and an arbitrary tape length chosen. I do not consider this speculative information useful to the article. Binksternet ( talk) 16:18, 15 June 2010 (UTC)
The 'Flaws' section currently reads:
I also tried to add a statement that not only could playback pitch be affected by improperly calibrated tape speed, but the high-end eq-ing for noise reduction or for tape formulation was adversely affected as well. This was reverted on the grounds that the effect on eq was surely too small to notice, but I stand by it. I've had many-a deck which played too fast over the years. I would often use them to play tapes which had been recorded at normal speed and which were either Type II or IV or which had Dolby NR. It was my experience that during playback, enabling the proper NR or selecting Type II or IV as required inevitably resulted in an obviously excessive amount of the high end and upper midrange being cut; it was noticeably more muted than when the same settings were used on a deck playing at normal speed (or at whatever speed the tape was recorded). I realize "in my experience" is unverifiable original research, so I'm not going to insist on including it, but by that reasoning, the entire paragraph needs to be scrapped. — mjb ( talk) 05:32, 27 March 2011 (UTC)
In my country (Brazil), there are people, usually homeless people or drug-abusing men, that boils the tape to extract the chemicals and then drinking the beverage to get high. The liquid is called "Tape Tea" (“Chá de Fita”) and some people (with very good reasons) think it is brain-damaging. With more and more old tapes being disposed, the ill practice achieved a peak on its use. Should it be noted on this Wikipedia Article? 189.77.162.33 ( talk) 17:24, 28 June 2013 (UTC)
No capitalization is required in the title. The correct title for this article is Compact cassette. Any objections to a move?-- Wetman ( talk) 19:37, 15 April 2014 (UTC)
[2] Quote: Rijk van geworden zeker?, vroegen we. Nee dus. En daar had Roos nog nooit bij stilgestaan. Op de patenten prijkt de naam van haar vader, maar de winsten gingen naar Philips. Translation: Profits went to Philips -a dutch company- where Mestdagh worked, but on the patents it clearly states Gilbert Mestdagh is the inventor. [3] [4] 83.101.80.250 ( talk) 08:20, 24 October 2015 (UTC)
References
Would Sony's new tapes fit into this article? I believe they were announced yesterday, 5 may 2014. Here are two links to describe them:
http://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2014/05/04/think-the-cassette-tape-is-dead-then-why-did-sony-just-cram-148tb-of-data-onto-one/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.33.4.204 ( talk) 22:33, 6 May 2014 (UTC)
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Compact cassettes varied a lot in the number of parts. They could have as few as eleven - 2 spools, 2 leader clips, tape and leaders (or just tape with no leaders), 2 snap together shell halves with integral roller pins (no slip liners, open window slots), 2 rollers and 1 pressure pad with spring. Or they could have as many as twenty-four - 2 spools, 2 leader clips, tape and leaders (or just tape with no leaders), 2 screw together shell halves, 2 clear window inserts, 5 screws, 2 slip liners, 2 metal roller pins, 2 rollers, 2 sliding write protect tabs and 1 pressure pad with spring. The intrduction of all-clear shells removed the need for clear window inserts, reducing the high-end parts count to twenty-two. Counting the tape, leaders and splices increases the parts count, especially with tapes using multi-segmented leaders made with different materials. There was another style made that had spools made like miniature reel-to-reel spools. Those didn't use slip liners and always had all clear shells to show off the miniature spools. I've never owned one of that type so I don't know how the spools are made to know their number of parts. An exploded view image of both a cheap and a high end compact cassette showing the different number of components would be a good addition to this article. It could also be used to say something about the much higher cost of albums on audio CD VS Cassette when by parts count, complexity and time to produce each tape (given that even with "high speed" duplication each cassette took far longer to replicate than the practically instant replication of a CD) a Compact Cassette had to cost more to manufacture. Bizzybody ( talk) 05:25, 5 January 2017 (UTC)
A short video showing some of the methods used to manufacture tapes at National Audio Company https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMTpvr9HXeI Bizzybody ( talk) 05:31, 5 January 2017 (UTC)
I never found it to inhibit browsing and this is the first time I've heard anyone complain about it. *shrug* That sounds like a silly supposition, that it hurt sales.
I grew up in the late 80's/early 90s and bought only cassettes. :-S — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.189.221.29 ( talk) 17:51, 22 March 2017 (UTC)
As well as the high frequency (70/120 uS) equalisation. Low frequency (1590/3180 uS) equalisation is used. All cassettes decks manufactured before 1970 used 1590 uS while those manufactured after 1974 use 3180 uS. Equipment manufactured between those two years used 1590uS for Ferric (IEC Type 1) cassettes and 3180 uS for all other types. Eq standards for open reel tapes varied according to tape speed [1] As for High frequency equalisation Ferric (IEC Type 1) gennerally used 120 uS and 70uS was used for all other types but there were some exceptions such as some Chrome/Cobolt cassettes (manufactured by BASF) designed for 120 uS and pre-recorded musiccassettes which alwaysd used 120us regardless of tape type. 86.175.231.58 ( talk) 16:17, 22 July 2017 (UTC)
As well as audio and data there have been attempts ar recording monochrome video (see PXL-2000 ) onto cassette tape. Strictly speaking Phillips (holders of the "Compact cassette" trademarks and patents) regarded such things as "Teddy Ruxpin" storytelling dolls, Data recording, Video recording, Tascam portastudio, 4 track recording, double (or half) speed recording and even (initially) some noise reduction systems (e.g. Dolby) and high bias tape formulations as "non-standard" formats which threatened to undermine the universal compatability of the compact cassette formats. In later years they took the same view of "copy protected" and other non-standard optical discs projibiting the use of the "compact disc" trademark. 86.175.231.58 ( talk) 18:24, 22 July 2017 (UTC)
I disagree. Most people looking up information on cassettes, including my millennial daughter would "love" (and she did) to know this upfront. I will change what i did to make it less detailed, but it is important to know in the introduction. Drycroft4 ( talk) 07:00, 9 August 2017 (UTC)
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The Stranger Things OST is available on cassette, eg https://nerdist.com/stranger-things-soundtrack-cassette-tape-vhs/
Should I add this to the "21st century use" section? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.197.73.199 ( talk) 09:40, 15 November 2017 (UTC)
There's a contribution at Talk:Tape bias#Article needs table that is probably best incorporated into this article. Any objections? Any volunteers? ~ Kvng ( talk) 22:42, 13 July 2018 (UTC)
MeanMotherJr had inserted metric measurements implying the cassette was developed under the metric system. Jeh reverted because they were "improbably precise". Certainly the tape dimension (1/8") is of non-metric origin. It looks like the cartridge dimensions also are round numbers in inches. The fact that it was developed in Holland in 1962 doesn't necessarily indicate it was a metric design. Were the Dutch using the metric system in 1962. Were these particular engineers using the metric system for this project? We need citations. ~ Kvng ( talk) 14:48, 3 September 2018 (UTC)
Something makes me think that the longer a tape is, the thinner it is (as in that's a coincidence). I think that if there was explanation on how longer tapes were made (not just the C-180 whose magnetic tape was near transparent), it would clear things up (not just me even though it seems illogical that longer tapes coincidentally had thinner tape). Thank you! 211.27.126.189 ( talk) 09:07, 7 December 2018 (UTC)
On average a cassette tape uses 1.5m of tape for every minute of audio - as a rule of thumb. Ergo a C60 will have around 43m of tape inside it, because the tape is dual sided, so only half the length is actually required. A C90 will have 65m, and a C180 130m, etc.
With regard to the actual size of the spools with their tape wrapped around it, a C15 will have a lot less tape, and even with the cooking ferric used will take up physically less space than a C180 - so technically, the answer is "No" the spools may not be the same size. However once you reach the maximum available space then the spools will stay the same maximum size and the tape will get progressively thinner in order for it all to fit.
You know, we actually have an article for this - Audio tape specifications - maybe you should head over there. Chaheel Riens ( talk) 18:28, 9 December 2018 (UTC)
The article mentions TDK C180 (1.5 hours per side) cassettes but there were also C240 cassettes. Most equipment manufacturers did not recommend the use of C120 (or longer) cassettes as the thin tape was liable to streaching, breaking and print through (echo). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.175.231.58 ( talk) 05:23, 22 July 2017 (UTC)
Dear writer,
What I miss in the article is information about the lifetime of the Compact Cassette.
This means once how many times can you "rewrite" such a tape before the quality is unusable?
Twice How much time does it take before the content of the tape has withered so far that the tape is unusable?
Regards.
J.P. (Jan) Clifford 145.129.136.48 ( talk) 17:54, 3 August 2017 (UTC)
145.129.136.48 ( talk) 13:00, 7 August 2017 (UTC)
The result of the move request was: moved ( page mover nac) Flooded with them hundreds 18:34, 4 November 2018 (UTC)
Compact Cassette → Cassette tape – The common name of this product today is "cassette tape". power~enwiki ( π, ν) 20:41, 27 October 2018 (UTC)
Sorry for very late gatecrashing... that unfortunate renaming passed unnoticed. Anyway, what's done is done - but then what is the subject and scope of the article after renaming? Quite obviously it's not Compact Cassette anymore, but what is it? Is it about cassette formats in general (emphasis on casette), or about tape formulations that were loaded into various cassette formats (emphasis on tape)? As the author of an article on the latter subject in another 'pedia, I can assure you that there's plenty of nontrivial info on either Compact cassette tapes, or the video cassette tapes, and even more on the data cartridge tapes (being the longest-running and still evolving, front-line technology). Retired electrician ( talk) 19:29, 16 March 2020 (UTC) Necessary disclaimer: I import and sell vintage tapes (both cassette and reel-to-reel), so there's a remote conflict of interest and not-so-remote burden of real-life experience and insider knowledge, which may be incorrect. Retired electrician ( talk) 19:29, 16 March 2020 (UTC)
To those who are moving this article, please see the RM above. On Wikipedia we do not move an article away from the title agreed at an RM. If you want to move it then open another RM. Also note WP:COMMONNAME. -- Necrothesp ( talk) 09:31, 6 April 2020 (UTC)
I heard that cassette tapes can be "scratched" just like doing vinyl scratching. Any info on cassette tape scratching is welcome. Komitsuki ( talk) 15:39, 8 December 2012 (UTC)
I was astonished that the work leading to both the compact cassette and the compact disc and the inventors/designers behind them is not well documented yet. I suggest a page about Lou Ottens as a first step. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.211.236.148 ( talk) 02:40, 29 August 2013 (UTC)
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"The recording 'bias' equalizations also were different (and had a much longer time constant). "
Scrambled information. The bias is not equalization. It has no time constant. Equalization is used on recording and playback. Bias, a completely different thing, is used on recording only. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 139.68.134.1 ( talk) 21:27, 2 May 2016 (UTC)
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I was curious how many cassette tape manufacturers were still in business, and if it's a small number, who they are. It might be interesting to have a graph of the number of manufacturers worldwide over time. -- Beland ( talk) 14:13, 18 July 2014 (UTC)