17:49, 23 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Mind - Fields and methods of inquiry(
←Created page with '== Fields and methods of inquiry == Mind is studied by various fields of inquiry, including psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, and cognitive science. They differ from each other in the topics and aspects of mind they investigate and in the methods they employ in the process. === Psychology === {{main|Psychology}} Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. It investigates conscious and unconscious mental phenomena, including perception, me...')
17:24, 21 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Mind - Relation to matter(
←Created page with '== Relation to matter == === Mind–body problem === {{main|Mind–body problem}} The mind–body problem is the difficulty of explaining the relationship between mind and body, for example, how thoughts and feelings are related to brain processes. Despite their different characteristics, mind and body interact with each other, like when a bodily change causes mental discomfort or when a limb moves because of an intention.{{sfn|Kim|2005|p=608}}{{sfn|Jawors...')
17:02, 15 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Mind - Forms(
←Created page with '== Forms == === Functions and processes === The mind encompasses many functions and processes, including perception, memory, thought, imagination, emotion, motivation, attention, and learning. === Faculties and modules === Traditionally, the mind was subdivided into a small number mental faculties understood as capacities to perform certain functions or bring about certain processes. {{sfn|Kenny|1992|pp=71–72}}{{sfn|Brooks|1882|pp=[https://books.google...')
12:41, 10 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Lead(
←Created page with ''''Metaphysics''' is the branch of
philosophy that examines the fundamental structure of reality. It is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of reality but some modern theorists understand it as an inquiry into the conceptual schemes that underlie human thought and experience. Many general and abstract topics belong to the purview of metaphysics. It investigates what the nature of existence is, which features all entities have i...')
08:26, 8 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Existence - Others(
←Created page with '=== Others === Many of the individual sciences are concerned with the existence of particular types of entities and the laws governing them, such as physical things in physics and living entities in biology.{{sfn|Ney|2014|p=xiii}} The natural sciences employ a great variety of concepts used to classify entities. They are known as
natural kinds as natural kinds and include categories like
protons, gold, and elephants.
Scientific realists hold tha...')
12:27, 7 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Relation to other disciplines(
←Created page with '== Relation to other disciplines == Metaphysics is related to many fields of inquiry by investigating their basic concepts and whether they form part of the fundamental structure of reality. For example, scientists often rely on concepts such as laws of nature, causation, necessity, natural kinds, and spacetime to formulate their theories and predict or explain outcomes of experiments.{{sfn|Göhner|Schrenk|loc=Lead Section, § 1. What Is Metaphysics of Scie...')
12:41, 5 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Criticism(
←Created page with '== Criticism == Despite its status as one of the main branches of philosophy, metaphysics has received numerous criticisms putting into question its status as a legitimate field of inquiry.{{sfn|van Inwagen|Sullivan|Bernstein|2023|loc=§ 5. Is Metaphysics Possible?}}{{sfn|Manley|2009|pp=1–2}} One line of criticism states that metaphysical inquiry is impossible because humans do not have the cognitive capacities needed to access the ultimate nature of rea...')
18:04, 29 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - History(
←Created page with '== History == {{main|History of metaphysics}} * ancient mesopotamia & egypt: 3000 BCE maat * ancient India: 900 BCE Vedas, 6th cen BCE buddhism & jainism * ancient China: 6th cen BCE: Confucianism, Daoism ** yin and yang? * ancient Greek: ** 6th century BCE presoc ** 4th-3rd century BCE plato, ari * 150 CE Madhyamaka, Yogācāra * China: 3rd cen CE: Xuanxue * Sāṅkhya: 350 CE * Boethius (477–524 CE) prob of universals * Advaita Vedanta 700–750 CE *...')
14:23, 21 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Topics(
←Created page with '== Topics == === Categories === * concrete vs abstract * sys of cate: ari, kant, lowe * ontological dependence * b vs non-b === Possibility and necessity === * modal realism === Particulars === * subs * tropes? * facts * mereology === Universals === * prope & rel * realism, nominalism, trope theory === Space, time, and change === * A & B theory * Endurantism and Perdurantism * id thr ti * pers id === Causality === * laws vs pwrs === Mind and matter === * bo...')
09:40, 19 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Definition(
←Created page with '== Definition and branches == Metaphysics is the study of the most general features of
reality, including
existence, objects and their properties, possibility and necessity, space and time, change, causation, and the relation between matter and mind. It is one of the main branches of
philosophy.{{sfn|Carroll|Markosian|2010|pp=1–3}}{{sfn|Koons|Pickavance|2015|pp=1–2}} The precise definition of metaphysics is disputed. Some approaches give a...')
14:18, 6 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Methods(
←Created page with '== Methods == Metaphysicians rely on a variety of methods to arrive at metaphysical theories and to formulate arguments for and against them. The methods include a priori approaches, which employ abstract reasoning from general principles and intuitions, and a posteriori approaches, which rely on experience.{{sfn|Koons|Pickavance|2015|pp=2–3}} Some metaphysicians rely on the perspective from a particular field of inquiry, like physics, psychology, lingui...')
17:52, 3 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Knowledge - Sciences(
←Created page with 'The sciences are usually divided into natural and the social sciences. The natural sciences, like
physics,
biology, and
chemistry, focus on quantitative research methods to arrive at knowledge about natural phenomena. This involves making precise numerical measurements, which is often combined with a reliance on mathematical tools to analyze the data and formulate exact laws to describe the observed phenomena. Through these laws, it is often pos...')
18:53, 29 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Knowledge - Limits(
←Created page with '== Limits == The problem of the limits of knowledge concerns the question what things cannot be known.{{sfn|Rescher|2009|p=ix}}{{sfn|Rescher|2005|p=479}}{{sfn|Markie|Folescu|2023|loc=§ 1. Introduction}} These limits concerns both what is knowlable about the external world as well as what one can know about oneself and about what is good.{{sfn|Markie|Folescu|2023|loc=§ 1. Introduction}} An influential theory of the limits of knowledge was proposed by ...')
18:54, 24 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - Lead(
←Created page with ''''Semantics''' is the study of linguistic meaning. It examines what meaning is, how words get their meaning, and how the meaning of a complex expression depends on its parts. Meaning encompasses both sense and reference. Sense includes the ideas and concepts associated with an expression while the reference of an expression is the object to which it points. Semantics contrast with
syntax, which studies the rules that dictate how to arrange words to cre...')Tag: Disambiguation links added
18:35, 20 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - History(
←Created page with '== History == history of semantics != historical semantics Ancient Medieval Early modern 19th&20th centuries overview {{sfn|Allan|2015|p=48}} {{sfn|Noth|1990|p=14}} {{sfn|Kretzmann|p=750}} {{sfn|Meier-Oeser|2019|p=182}} {{sfn|Nerlich|2019|p=217}} Semantics was established as an independent field of inquiry in the 19th and 20th centuries but the history of the study of semantic phenomena began in the ancient period as part of philosophy and logic.{{...')
14:10, 18 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - In various disciplines(
←Created page with '== In various disciplines == === Logic === === Computer science === {{main|Semantics (computer science)}} In computer science, the semantics of
program is how it operates when a computer runs it. Semantics contrasts with syntax, which is the form used to express instructions. It is often possible use different syntax to describe the same behavior. In
Javascript, this is the case for the commands ''i = i + 1'' and ''i += 1'', which both increase the...')Tag: Disambiguation links added
17:00, 13 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - Theories of meaning(
←Created page with ' == Theories of meaning == branches vs theories{{sfn|Bagha|2011|pp=1414–1415}} theories naming, conceptual, behaviorist{{sfn|Bagha|2011|p=1415}} pos worlds{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} Situation Semantics truth cond{{sfn|Lepore|2009|pp=1025–1026}} verificationism conceptual (Jackendoff) conceptual role/inferential{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} grice/intention/mentalist{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} ideational referential{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} use/norm theory{{sfn|Speaks|202...')
17:49, 23 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Mind - Fields and methods of inquiry(
←Created page with '== Fields and methods of inquiry == Mind is studied by various fields of inquiry, including psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, and cognitive science. They differ from each other in the topics and aspects of mind they investigate and in the methods they employ in the process. === Psychology === {{main|Psychology}} Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior. It investigates conscious and unconscious mental phenomena, including perception, me...')
17:24, 21 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Mind - Relation to matter(
←Created page with '== Relation to matter == === Mind–body problem === {{main|Mind–body problem}} The mind–body problem is the difficulty of explaining the relationship between mind and body, for example, how thoughts and feelings are related to brain processes. Despite their different characteristics, mind and body interact with each other, like when a bodily change causes mental discomfort or when a limb moves because of an intention.{{sfn|Kim|2005|p=608}}{{sfn|Jawors...')
17:02, 15 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Mind - Forms(
←Created page with '== Forms == === Functions and processes === The mind encompasses many functions and processes, including perception, memory, thought, imagination, emotion, motivation, attention, and learning. === Faculties and modules === Traditionally, the mind was subdivided into a small number mental faculties understood as capacities to perform certain functions or bring about certain processes. {{sfn|Kenny|1992|pp=71–72}}{{sfn|Brooks|1882|pp=[https://books.google...')
12:41, 10 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Lead(
←Created page with ''''Metaphysics''' is the branch of
philosophy that examines the fundamental structure of reality. It is traditionally seen as the study of mind-independent features of reality but some modern theorists understand it as an inquiry into the conceptual schemes that underlie human thought and experience. Many general and abstract topics belong to the purview of metaphysics. It investigates what the nature of existence is, which features all entities have i...')
08:26, 8 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Existence - Others(
←Created page with '=== Others === Many of the individual sciences are concerned with the existence of particular types of entities and the laws governing them, such as physical things in physics and living entities in biology.{{sfn|Ney|2014|p=xiii}} The natural sciences employ a great variety of concepts used to classify entities. They are known as
natural kinds as natural kinds and include categories like
protons, gold, and elephants.
Scientific realists hold tha...')
12:27, 7 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Relation to other disciplines(
←Created page with '== Relation to other disciplines == Metaphysics is related to many fields of inquiry by investigating their basic concepts and whether they form part of the fundamental structure of reality. For example, scientists often rely on concepts such as laws of nature, causation, necessity, natural kinds, and spacetime to formulate their theories and predict or explain outcomes of experiments.{{sfn|Göhner|Schrenk|loc=Lead Section, § 1. What Is Metaphysics of Scie...')
12:41, 5 April 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Criticism(
←Created page with '== Criticism == Despite its status as one of the main branches of philosophy, metaphysics has received numerous criticisms putting into question its status as a legitimate field of inquiry.{{sfn|van Inwagen|Sullivan|Bernstein|2023|loc=§ 5. Is Metaphysics Possible?}}{{sfn|Manley|2009|pp=1–2}} One line of criticism states that metaphysical inquiry is impossible because humans do not have the cognitive capacities needed to access the ultimate nature of rea...')
18:04, 29 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - History(
←Created page with '== History == {{main|History of metaphysics}} * ancient mesopotamia & egypt: 3000 BCE maat * ancient India: 900 BCE Vedas, 6th cen BCE buddhism & jainism * ancient China: 6th cen BCE: Confucianism, Daoism ** yin and yang? * ancient Greek: ** 6th century BCE presoc ** 4th-3rd century BCE plato, ari * 150 CE Madhyamaka, Yogācāra * China: 3rd cen CE: Xuanxue * Sāṅkhya: 350 CE * Boethius (477–524 CE) prob of universals * Advaita Vedanta 700–750 CE *...')
14:23, 21 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Topics(
←Created page with '== Topics == === Categories === * concrete vs abstract * sys of cate: ari, kant, lowe * ontological dependence * b vs non-b === Possibility and necessity === * modal realism === Particulars === * subs * tropes? * facts * mereology === Universals === * prope & rel * realism, nominalism, trope theory === Space, time, and change === * A & B theory * Endurantism and Perdurantism * id thr ti * pers id === Causality === * laws vs pwrs === Mind and matter === * bo...')
09:40, 19 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Definition(
←Created page with '== Definition and branches == Metaphysics is the study of the most general features of
reality, including
existence, objects and their properties, possibility and necessity, space and time, change, causation, and the relation between matter and mind. It is one of the main branches of
philosophy.{{sfn|Carroll|Markosian|2010|pp=1–3}}{{sfn|Koons|Pickavance|2015|pp=1–2}} The precise definition of metaphysics is disputed. Some approaches give a...')
14:18, 6 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Metaphysics - Methods(
←Created page with '== Methods == Metaphysicians rely on a variety of methods to arrive at metaphysical theories and to formulate arguments for and against them. The methods include a priori approaches, which employ abstract reasoning from general principles and intuitions, and a posteriori approaches, which rely on experience.{{sfn|Koons|Pickavance|2015|pp=2–3}} Some metaphysicians rely on the perspective from a particular field of inquiry, like physics, psychology, lingui...')
17:52, 3 March 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Knowledge - Sciences(
←Created page with 'The sciences are usually divided into natural and the social sciences. The natural sciences, like
physics,
biology, and
chemistry, focus on quantitative research methods to arrive at knowledge about natural phenomena. This involves making precise numerical measurements, which is often combined with a reliance on mathematical tools to analyze the data and formulate exact laws to describe the observed phenomena. Through these laws, it is often pos...')
18:53, 29 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Knowledge - Limits(
←Created page with '== Limits == The problem of the limits of knowledge concerns the question what things cannot be known.{{sfn|Rescher|2009|p=ix}}{{sfn|Rescher|2005|p=479}}{{sfn|Markie|Folescu|2023|loc=§ 1. Introduction}} These limits concerns both what is knowlable about the external world as well as what one can know about oneself and about what is good.{{sfn|Markie|Folescu|2023|loc=§ 1. Introduction}} An influential theory of the limits of knowledge was proposed by ...')
18:54, 24 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - Lead(
←Created page with ''''Semantics''' is the study of linguistic meaning. It examines what meaning is, how words get their meaning, and how the meaning of a complex expression depends on its parts. Meaning encompasses both sense and reference. Sense includes the ideas and concepts associated with an expression while the reference of an expression is the object to which it points. Semantics contrast with
syntax, which studies the rules that dictate how to arrange words to cre...')Tag: Disambiguation links added
18:35, 20 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - History(
←Created page with '== History == history of semantics != historical semantics Ancient Medieval Early modern 19th&20th centuries overview {{sfn|Allan|2015|p=48}} {{sfn|Noth|1990|p=14}} {{sfn|Kretzmann|p=750}} {{sfn|Meier-Oeser|2019|p=182}} {{sfn|Nerlich|2019|p=217}} Semantics was established as an independent field of inquiry in the 19th and 20th centuries but the history of the study of semantic phenomena began in the ancient period as part of philosophy and logic.{{...')
14:10, 18 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - In various disciplines(
←Created page with '== In various disciplines == === Logic === === Computer science === {{main|Semantics (computer science)}} In computer science, the semantics of
program is how it operates when a computer runs it. Semantics contrasts with syntax, which is the form used to express instructions. It is often possible use different syntax to describe the same behavior. In
Javascript, this is the case for the commands ''i = i + 1'' and ''i += 1'', which both increase the...')Tag: Disambiguation links added
17:00, 13 February 2024Phlsph7talkcontribs created page
User:Phlsph7/Semantics - Theories of meaning(
←Created page with ' == Theories of meaning == branches vs theories{{sfn|Bagha|2011|pp=1414–1415}} theories naming, conceptual, behaviorist{{sfn|Bagha|2011|p=1415}} pos worlds{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} Situation Semantics truth cond{{sfn|Lepore|2009|pp=1025–1026}} verificationism conceptual (Jackendoff) conceptual role/inferential{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} grice/intention/mentalist{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} ideational referential{{sfn|Speaks|2021}} use/norm theory{{sfn|Speaks|202...')