September 14, 1931: British Prime Minister MacDonald and the Indian independence activist Mohandas Gandhi convene the second round of Round Table Discussions in LondonSeptember 18, 1931: Japanese troops begin invasion of Chinese region of ManchuriaSeptember 6, 1931: Rebel Chilean Navy ships bombed by Chile's warplanes
In a suburb of
Havana at 2:20 in the morning, a large bomb exploded at the branch of the
Royal Bank of Canada. The blast caused several thousand dollars worth of damage.[2]
The Italian government announced a surprise agreement with the Vatican allowing
Azione Cattolica to operate as long as it abstained from politics and did not compete with the interests of the state in any way.[3]
The Chilean cabinet resigned over the naval mutiny crisis.[4]
King
Alexander I of Yugoslavia proclaimed the
Yugoslav Constitution by decree.[5] The new Constitution provided powers to the King as both head of state and commander-in-chief of the Yugoslavian armed forces, with power to dissolve Parliament with approval of the cabinet.
The German stock exchange reopened for the first time since being shut on July 13.[6]
Died:John Thomson, the 22-year-old goalkeeper for the Scottish soccer football team
Celtic, was fatally injured during a match against
Rangers at
Ibrox Stadium in
Glasgow. Thomson, the goalkeeper, was diving for the ball while Rangers striker
Sam English was moving forward; Thomson fractured his skull and ruptured an artery on the right side of his brain when he collided with English's knee. Thomson died hours later after being taken to
Victoria Infirmary.
Died: U.S. Navy Rear Admiral
Francis J. Higginson, 88, veteran of the American Civil War and the Spanish-American War, and the first commander of the
North Atlantic Fleet
September 13, 1931 (Sunday)
Twenty-two people were killed by a bomb that had been planted in a viaduct near the town of
Biatorbágy in
Hungary. Authorities initially blamed Bulgarian Communists,[18] but a mentally disturbed man by the name of
Szilveszter Matuska was later convicted of the crime.[19]
Austrian troops put down a Heimwehr revolt in the province of
Styria.[20]
The gangland killing known as the
Collingwood Manor Massacre occurred in
Detroit with the contract killing of three gunmen of
The Purple Gang who had been invited by Ray Bernstein to attend a meeting at the Collingwood Manor Apartments.
The
Texas Senate passed a resolution calling Louisiana Governor
Huey Long a "consummate liar" for his statement that the Texas legislature had been bought off.[24]
The Invergordon Mutiny ended when the British government made some concessions.[5]
Died:Omar Mukhtar, 73, Libyan revolutionary who led the
Libyan resistance movement against Italian colonial authorities in Cyrenaica, was hanged five days after being wounded and captured in battle
September 17, 1931 (Thursday)
RCA Victor introduced the
LP record in a demonstration at the
Savoy-Plaza Hotel in New York. However, the long playing discs were too expensive at the time to be commercially successful.[5]
Karlag, one of the largest forced labour camps in the Soviet Union, was established in the
Kazakh SSR.[26]
Born:Anne Bancroft (stage name for Anna Maria Italiano), American stage, film and TV actress best known for The Miracle Worker, winner of two Tony Awards, an Academy Award, and two Emmy Awards; in
the Bronx,
New York City (d. 2005)
Died:
Marvin Hart, 55, American heavyweight boxing champion, world champion 1905 to 1906; from a stroke
The
Mukden Incident, staged by Japanese military personnel in the Chinese region of
Manchuria, took place when an officer of the 29th Japanese Infantry exploded a small bomb on the tracks of the Japanese-owned
South Manchuria Railway near the city of
Mukden (now Shenyang). Japan's Imperial Army then accused Chinese dissidents of attempting to sabotage the railway and invaded the city the next day with the goal of eventually annexing Manchuria.
Died:Geli Raubal, 23, half-niece of Adolf Hitler and his girlfriend, committed suicide at Hitler's Munich apartment, shooting herself in the chest with a pistol owned by him.
September 19, 1931 (Saturday)
The
Japanese invasion of Manchuria began as a Japanese Army unit fired artillery shells at a Chinese Army garrison at Beidaying on the pretext of retaliation for the bomb explosion at the South Manchuria Railway the night before. By the end of the day, 500 Japanese troops had taken control of the city. The Japanese also occupiued the city of Mukden.
In
Clarksburg, West Virginia, an angry mob of 10,000 people tried to storm the county jail to get at accused murderer
Harry Powers. Police fired
tear gas to bring the crowd under control.[27] Powers would be convicted of killing an Illinois woman and her three children, and hanged at the West Virginia State Penitentiary on March 18.
The British emergency measure to suspend the gold standard was rushed through the House of Commons and House of Lords and granted royal assent all in the same day.[29]
The German stock exchange was closed again.[30] It would not reopen until April 1932.[6]
The Soviet Union notified Japan of its disapproval of the
Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Foreign Affairs Comissar
Maxim Litvinov told the Japanese minister that the Soviet government was displeased at not being informed ahead of time and that the conflict could have been settled through compromise.[32]
Died:Asger Ostenfeld, 64, Danish civil engineer and expert on steel structural construction
September 24, 1931 (Thursday)
Japan told the
League of Nations that it would it begin to withdraw troops from
Manchuria if the safety of Japanese residents in the area and their property was guaranteed.[33]
Born:Anthony Newley, English pop singer and later a film lyricist (d. 1999)
September 25, 1931 (Friday)
The Mahatma Gandhi visited the
Lancashire cotton mills. Despite the Indian boycott damaging the British textile industry, Gandhi was cheered by workers.[34]
Harry Macdonough (stage name for John Scantlebury Macdonald), 60, Canadian recording artist and singer whose works were among the first best-selling phonograph records; later a recording executive for Columbia Records
George Stainforth broke his own speed record by flying an airplane at 408.8 mph.[12]
The British Ministry of Labour reported record unemployment, with 2.8 million people out of work.[40] On the same day, huge crowds of unemployed workers poured into
Westminster to protest. Many arrests were made as the demonstrators clashed with mounted police.[41]
Mahatma Gandhi met with Prime Minister MacDonald in London.[43]
The British government that the pound sterling had lost 20% of its value in 10 days following its abandonment of the gold standard.[clarification needed][44]
Died:Henry C. Warmoth, 89, officer for the Union Army in the American Civil War who was elected
Governor of Louisiana in 1868 at the age of 26 during the Reconstruction Era;
References
^"Chilean Fleet Rebels Against Cut in Salaries". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 2, 1931. p. 3.
^"Bomb in Havana Wrecks Canada Branch Bank". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 2, 1931. p. 1.
^Darrah, David (September 3, 1931). "Church to Act with Fascism to Train Youth". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
^"Chilean Cabinet Resigns; Plans State of Siege". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 3, 1931. p. 2.
^
abcde"1931". Music And History. Archived from
the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
^
abHoltfrerich, Carl-Ludwig (1999). Frankfurt as a Financial Centre: From Medieval Trade Fair to European Banking Centre. Munich: C.H. Beck. p. 216.
ISBN978-3-406-45671-8.
September 14, 1931: British Prime Minister MacDonald and the Indian independence activist Mohandas Gandhi convene the second round of Round Table Discussions in LondonSeptember 18, 1931: Japanese troops begin invasion of Chinese region of ManchuriaSeptember 6, 1931: Rebel Chilean Navy ships bombed by Chile's warplanes
In a suburb of
Havana at 2:20 in the morning, a large bomb exploded at the branch of the
Royal Bank of Canada. The blast caused several thousand dollars worth of damage.[2]
The Italian government announced a surprise agreement with the Vatican allowing
Azione Cattolica to operate as long as it abstained from politics and did not compete with the interests of the state in any way.[3]
The Chilean cabinet resigned over the naval mutiny crisis.[4]
King
Alexander I of Yugoslavia proclaimed the
Yugoslav Constitution by decree.[5] The new Constitution provided powers to the King as both head of state and commander-in-chief of the Yugoslavian armed forces, with power to dissolve Parliament with approval of the cabinet.
The German stock exchange reopened for the first time since being shut on July 13.[6]
Died:John Thomson, the 22-year-old goalkeeper for the Scottish soccer football team
Celtic, was fatally injured during a match against
Rangers at
Ibrox Stadium in
Glasgow. Thomson, the goalkeeper, was diving for the ball while Rangers striker
Sam English was moving forward; Thomson fractured his skull and ruptured an artery on the right side of his brain when he collided with English's knee. Thomson died hours later after being taken to
Victoria Infirmary.
Died: U.S. Navy Rear Admiral
Francis J. Higginson, 88, veteran of the American Civil War and the Spanish-American War, and the first commander of the
North Atlantic Fleet
September 13, 1931 (Sunday)
Twenty-two people were killed by a bomb that had been planted in a viaduct near the town of
Biatorbágy in
Hungary. Authorities initially blamed Bulgarian Communists,[18] but a mentally disturbed man by the name of
Szilveszter Matuska was later convicted of the crime.[19]
Austrian troops put down a Heimwehr revolt in the province of
Styria.[20]
The gangland killing known as the
Collingwood Manor Massacre occurred in
Detroit with the contract killing of three gunmen of
The Purple Gang who had been invited by Ray Bernstein to attend a meeting at the Collingwood Manor Apartments.
The
Texas Senate passed a resolution calling Louisiana Governor
Huey Long a "consummate liar" for his statement that the Texas legislature had been bought off.[24]
The Invergordon Mutiny ended when the British government made some concessions.[5]
Died:Omar Mukhtar, 73, Libyan revolutionary who led the
Libyan resistance movement against Italian colonial authorities in Cyrenaica, was hanged five days after being wounded and captured in battle
September 17, 1931 (Thursday)
RCA Victor introduced the
LP record in a demonstration at the
Savoy-Plaza Hotel in New York. However, the long playing discs were too expensive at the time to be commercially successful.[5]
Karlag, one of the largest forced labour camps in the Soviet Union, was established in the
Kazakh SSR.[26]
Born:Anne Bancroft (stage name for Anna Maria Italiano), American stage, film and TV actress best known for The Miracle Worker, winner of two Tony Awards, an Academy Award, and two Emmy Awards; in
the Bronx,
New York City (d. 2005)
Died:
Marvin Hart, 55, American heavyweight boxing champion, world champion 1905 to 1906; from a stroke
The
Mukden Incident, staged by Japanese military personnel in the Chinese region of
Manchuria, took place when an officer of the 29th Japanese Infantry exploded a small bomb on the tracks of the Japanese-owned
South Manchuria Railway near the city of
Mukden (now Shenyang). Japan's Imperial Army then accused Chinese dissidents of attempting to sabotage the railway and invaded the city the next day with the goal of eventually annexing Manchuria.
Died:Geli Raubal, 23, half-niece of Adolf Hitler and his girlfriend, committed suicide at Hitler's Munich apartment, shooting herself in the chest with a pistol owned by him.
September 19, 1931 (Saturday)
The
Japanese invasion of Manchuria began as a Japanese Army unit fired artillery shells at a Chinese Army garrison at Beidaying on the pretext of retaliation for the bomb explosion at the South Manchuria Railway the night before. By the end of the day, 500 Japanese troops had taken control of the city. The Japanese also occupiued the city of Mukden.
In
Clarksburg, West Virginia, an angry mob of 10,000 people tried to storm the county jail to get at accused murderer
Harry Powers. Police fired
tear gas to bring the crowd under control.[27] Powers would be convicted of killing an Illinois woman and her three children, and hanged at the West Virginia State Penitentiary on March 18.
The British emergency measure to suspend the gold standard was rushed through the House of Commons and House of Lords and granted royal assent all in the same day.[29]
The German stock exchange was closed again.[30] It would not reopen until April 1932.[6]
The Soviet Union notified Japan of its disapproval of the
Japanese invasion of Manchuria. Foreign Affairs Comissar
Maxim Litvinov told the Japanese minister that the Soviet government was displeased at not being informed ahead of time and that the conflict could have been settled through compromise.[32]
Died:Asger Ostenfeld, 64, Danish civil engineer and expert on steel structural construction
September 24, 1931 (Thursday)
Japan told the
League of Nations that it would it begin to withdraw troops from
Manchuria if the safety of Japanese residents in the area and their property was guaranteed.[33]
Born:Anthony Newley, English pop singer and later a film lyricist (d. 1999)
September 25, 1931 (Friday)
The Mahatma Gandhi visited the
Lancashire cotton mills. Despite the Indian boycott damaging the British textile industry, Gandhi was cheered by workers.[34]
Harry Macdonough (stage name for John Scantlebury Macdonald), 60, Canadian recording artist and singer whose works were among the first best-selling phonograph records; later a recording executive for Columbia Records
George Stainforth broke his own speed record by flying an airplane at 408.8 mph.[12]
The British Ministry of Labour reported record unemployment, with 2.8 million people out of work.[40] On the same day, huge crowds of unemployed workers poured into
Westminster to protest. Many arrests were made as the demonstrators clashed with mounted police.[41]
Mahatma Gandhi met with Prime Minister MacDonald in London.[43]
The British government that the pound sterling had lost 20% of its value in 10 days following its abandonment of the gold standard.[clarification needed][44]
Died:Henry C. Warmoth, 89, officer for the Union Army in the American Civil War who was elected
Governor of Louisiana in 1868 at the age of 26 during the Reconstruction Era;
References
^"Chilean Fleet Rebels Against Cut in Salaries". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 2, 1931. p. 3.
^"Bomb in Havana Wrecks Canada Branch Bank". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 2, 1931. p. 1.
^Darrah, David (September 3, 1931). "Church to Act with Fascism to Train Youth". Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 1.
^"Chilean Cabinet Resigns; Plans State of Siege". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 3, 1931. p. 2.
^
abcde"1931". Music And History. Archived from
the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved May 22, 2015.
^
abHoltfrerich, Carl-Ludwig (1999). Frankfurt as a Financial Centre: From Medieval Trade Fair to European Banking Centre. Munich: C.H. Beck. p. 216.
ISBN978-3-406-45671-8.