Translations of Sparśa | |
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English | contact, contacting awareness, rapport, sense impression, touch, etc. |
Sanskrit | स्पर्श, sparśa |
Pali | phassa |
Bengali |
স্পর্শ (sporsho) ছোঁয়া |
Chinese | 觸 or 触 |
Japanese | soku |
Korean | 촉 ( RR: chok) |
Sinhala |
ස්පර්ශ (sparsha) |
Tibetan | རེག་པ་ ( Wylie: reg pa; THL: rekpa) |
Tagalog | spalsa |
Thai | ผัสสะ (
RTGS: phatsa) lit. 'สัมผัส' ( RTGS: Samphat) |
Vietnamese | xúc |
Glossary of Buddhism |
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Sparśa (Sanskrit: स्पर्श; Pali: phassa) is a Sanskrit term that is translated as "contact", "touching", "sensation", "sense impression", etc. It is defined as the coming together of three factors: the sense organ, the sense object, and sense consciousness (vijnana). [1] [2] For example, contact (sparsha) is said to occur at the coming together of the eye organ, a visual object, and the visual sense consciousness.
Sparśa is identified within the Buddhist teachings as:
The Atthasālinī (Expositor, Part IV, Chapter I, 108) states:
Nina van Gorkom explains:
Nina van Gorkom also explains:
The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:
Herbert Guenther explains:
The Theravada and Mahayana traditions both identify six "classes" of contact: [1] [4]
For example, when the ear sense and a sound object are present, the associated auditory consciousness (Pali: viññāṇa) arises. The arising of these three elements (dhātu) – ear-sense, sound and auditory consciousness – lead to "contact" (phassa). [5]
Sparśa is the sixth of the Twelve Nidānas. It is conditioned by the presence of the six sense-openings ( ṣaḍāyatana), and in turn is a condition for the arising of pleasant, unpleasant or neutral 'sensations' or 'feelings' ( vedanā).
Dan Lusthaus explains:
Jeffrey Hopkins explains:
Alexander Berzin provides an explanation of the sixth link in the context of the development of the fetus; he states:
In terms of the Five Aggregates, sparśa is the implicit basis by which Form ( rūpa) and Consciousness ( viññāna) lead to the mental factors of Feeling ( vedanā), Perception ( sañña) and Formations ( sankhāra).
The
Five Aggregates (pañca khandha) according to the Pali Canon. |
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Source: MN 109 (Thanissaro, 2001) | diagram details |
Translations of Sparśa | |
---|---|
English | contact, contacting awareness, rapport, sense impression, touch, etc. |
Sanskrit | स्पर्श, sparśa |
Pali | phassa |
Bengali |
স্পর্শ (sporsho) ছোঁয়া |
Chinese | 觸 or 触 |
Japanese | soku |
Korean | 촉 ( RR: chok) |
Sinhala |
ස්පර්ශ (sparsha) |
Tibetan | རེག་པ་ ( Wylie: reg pa; THL: rekpa) |
Tagalog | spalsa |
Thai | ผัสสะ (
RTGS: phatsa) lit. 'สัมผัส' ( RTGS: Samphat) |
Vietnamese | xúc |
Glossary of Buddhism |
|
Sparśa (Sanskrit: स्पर्श; Pali: phassa) is a Sanskrit term that is translated as "contact", "touching", "sensation", "sense impression", etc. It is defined as the coming together of three factors: the sense organ, the sense object, and sense consciousness (vijnana). [1] [2] For example, contact (sparsha) is said to occur at the coming together of the eye organ, a visual object, and the visual sense consciousness.
Sparśa is identified within the Buddhist teachings as:
The Atthasālinī (Expositor, Part IV, Chapter I, 108) states:
Nina van Gorkom explains:
Nina van Gorkom also explains:
The Abhidharma-samuccaya states:
Herbert Guenther explains:
The Theravada and Mahayana traditions both identify six "classes" of contact: [1] [4]
For example, when the ear sense and a sound object are present, the associated auditory consciousness (Pali: viññāṇa) arises. The arising of these three elements (dhātu) – ear-sense, sound and auditory consciousness – lead to "contact" (phassa). [5]
Sparśa is the sixth of the Twelve Nidānas. It is conditioned by the presence of the six sense-openings ( ṣaḍāyatana), and in turn is a condition for the arising of pleasant, unpleasant or neutral 'sensations' or 'feelings' ( vedanā).
Dan Lusthaus explains:
Jeffrey Hopkins explains:
Alexander Berzin provides an explanation of the sixth link in the context of the development of the fetus; he states:
In terms of the Five Aggregates, sparśa is the implicit basis by which Form ( rūpa) and Consciousness ( viññāna) lead to the mental factors of Feeling ( vedanā), Perception ( sañña) and Formations ( sankhāra).
The
Five Aggregates (pañca khandha) according to the Pali Canon. |
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|
→ ← ← |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
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Source: MN 109 (Thanissaro, 2001) | diagram details |