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Overview of the events of 1916 in literature
Events from the year 1916 in literature .
January
March 1 – The
National Library of Wales completes its transfer to purpose-built premises in
Aberystwyth .
[3]
March 22 –
J. R. R. Tolkien and
Edith Bratt marry at
St Mary Immaculate Roman Catholic Church, Warwick , England. They will serve as inspiration for the fictional characters
Beren and
Lúthien . Tolkien leaves for military service in France at the beginning of June.
March 30 –
Don Marquis introduces the characters
Archy and Mehitabel in "The Sun Dial" column in
The Evening Sun (New York City) . Archy is a poetry-writing
cockroach unable to operate the typewriter
shift key ; Mehitabel is a cat.
April–June –
Katherine Mansfield and
John Middleton Murry live as neighbours to
D. H. and
Frieda Lawrence at Higher Tregerthen, near
Zennor in Cornwall (England).
[4]
April 24 –
30 – In the
Easter Rising in
Ireland , members of the
Irish Republican Brotherhood
proclaim an Irish Republic and the
Irish Volunteers and
Irish Citizen Army occupy the
General Post Office and other buildings in
Dublin , before surrendering to the
British Army . Of the seven subsequently executed leaders of the Rising,
Thomas MacDonagh ,
Patrick Pearse and
Joseph Plunkett are poets and
James Connolly a balladeer and playwright. The events are the theme of
W. B. Yeats ' poem "
Easter, 1916 ", first published this September.
May 16 –
Natsume Sōseki 's novel
Light and Darkness (明暗, Mei An ) begins to be serialized in the
Tokyo and
Osaka editions of the newspaper
Asahi Shimbun , but will remain unfinished at the author's death on
December 9 , aged 49.
July 1
The poets
W. N. Hodgson ,
Will Streets ,
Gilbert Waterhouse , Henry Field, Alfred Ratcliffe, Alexander Robertson and Bernard White are among 19,000 British soldiers killed on the
First day on the Somme alone.
[5] The same day is chosen for the death of fictitious poet Cecil Valance in
Alan Hollinghurst 's
2011 novel
The Stranger's Child . The
Battle of the Somme continues until
October 18 , during which time American poet
Alan Seeger (serving with the French), Irish writer
Tom Kettle , English poet
Edward Tennant , English short story writer
Saki and English bowler
Percy Jeeves (whose name P. G. Wodehouse borrowed for his character) are all killed. The English writer
Robert Graves , novelist
Stuart Cloete , playwright/actor
Arnold Ridley and artist/poet
David Jones are seriously injured – Graves is for a time believed killed.
Ford Madox Hueffer suffers concussion and shell shock.
A. A. Milne and J. R. R. Tolkien are invalided out. The English poet
Siegfried Sassoon wins the
Military Cross . The
Cameron Highlander
Dòmhnall Ruadh Chorùna composes the
Scottish Gaelic
love song
An Eala Bhàn (The White Swan) in the
oral literature tradition. The future U.K. Prime Minister
Harold Macmillan is wounded in September's
Battle of Flers–Courcelette ; sheltering in a
slit trench , he reads
Aeschylus in the original Greek.
W. B. Yeats makes his fifth and final proposal of marriage to the newly widowed
Maud Gonne in France.
c. July–December – Poets
Terence MacSwiney and
Darrell Figgis are among
Irish republicans detained in
Reading Gaol (England) following the
Easter Rising .
[6]
Summer – In the United States, 15-year-old
Margaret Mitchell writes a
novella called
Lost Laysen in two notebooks. She will later give the manuscript to a boyfriend and the book remains lost until the mid-1990s. It is published in
1996 . Meanwhile, Mitchell will go on to write
Gone with the Wind .
September –
Joseph Conrad 's novella
The Shadow Line begins to be serialized in
The English Review (London) and the
Metropolitan Magazine (New York) .
October 6 – The poet
Perpessicius loses his right arm fighting for the Romanians in a skirmish at
Muratan .
[7]
October 19 – New premises for the
German National Library open in
Leipzig .
December – The first of many editions of
Robert Baden-Powell 's
The Wolf Cub's Handbook is published.
[8]
December 29 –
James Joyce 's semi-autobiographical novel
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is first published complete in book form, in
New York by
B. W. Huebsch .
Children and young people
January 10 –
Bernard Binlin Dadié ,
Ivorien author and politician (died 2019)
February 15 –
Ian Ballantine , American publisher (died
1995 )
March 4
April 12 –
Beverly Cleary , American children's author (died
2021 )
April 15 –
Helene Hanff , American writer and critic (died
1997 )
May 12 –
Albert Murray , American critic, novelist and biographer (died
2013 )
May 21 –
Harold Robbins , American novelist (died
1997 )
May 28 –
Walker Percy , American novelist (died
1990 )
June 16 –
Barbara Skelton , English fiction writer, memoirist and literary figure (died
1996 )
July 14 –
Natalia Ginzburg , Italian author (died
1991 )
July 24 –
John D. MacDonald , American novelist and short story writer (died
1986 )
August 28
September 13 –
Roald Dahl , Welsh-born children's author (died
1990 )
[11]
September 14 –
Eric Bentley , English-born American drama critic (died
2020 )
September 17 –
Mary Stewart (Mary Rainbow), English romantic suspense novelist (died
2014 )
September 19 –
Giles Romilly , English journalist (died
1967 )
September 25 –
Jessica Anderson , Australian novelist and short story writer (died
2010 )
September 27 –
S. Yizhar (Yizhar Smilansky), Israeli author (died
2006 )
October 3 –
James Herriot (James Alfred Wight), English writer and veterinary surgeon (died
1995 )
October 10 –
David Gascoyne , English Surrealist poet (died
2001 )
October 11 –
Ahmad Abd al-Ghafur Attar , Saudi Arabian writer, journalist and poet (died
1991 )
October 12 –
Alice Childress , African American playwright, actress and novelist (died
1994 )
[12]
November 7 –
Ian Niall (John Kincaid McNeillie), Scottish novelist and non-fiction writer (died
2002 )
November 18 –
Peter Weiss , German writer, painter and filmmaker (died
1982 )
November 24 –
James Pope-Hennessy , English biographer and travel writer (murdered
1974 )
December 14 –
Shirley Jackson , American novelist and short story writer (died
1965 )
December 17 –
Penelope Fitzgerald (Penelope Knox), English novelist (died
2000 )
December 30 –
Lili Berger , Yiddish writer, antifascist militant and literary critic (died
1996 )
January 27 –
C. Morton Horne , Irish writer and performer (killed in action, born
1885 )
February 6 –
Rubén Darío , Nicaraguan poet (born
1867 )
February 12 –
John Townsend Trowbridge , American author (born
1827 )
February 28 –
Henry James , American-born novelist (born
1843 )
April 19 –
Emily Lee Sherwood Ragan , American author and journalist (born
1839 )
April 26 –
Mário de Sá-Carneiro , Portuguese novelist and poet (suicide, born
1890 )
May 3 –
Patrick Pearse , poet and Irish nationalist leader (executed, born
1879 )
May 13 –
Sholem Aleichem , Ukrainian-born humorist (born
1859 )
May 25 –
Jane Dieulafoy , French archaeologist and novelist (born
1851 )
May 28 (May 15
O.S. ) –
Ivan Franko , Ukrainian writer, translator and political activist (born
1856 )
May 31 –
Gorch Fock (Johann Wilhelm Kinau), German poet and novelist (killed in action, born
1880 )
June 4 –
Emma Rood Tuttle , American writer an dpoet (born
1839 )
June 7 –
Émile Faguet , French critic (born
1847 )
June 30 –
Eunice Gibbs Allyn , American correspondent, author, songwriter (born
1847 )
July 1
August 8 –
Lily Braun (Amalie von Kretschmann), German feminist writer (born
1865 )
August 27 –
Petar Kočić , Bosnian novelist and politician (born
1877 )
September 7 –
Annie Le Porte Diggs , Canadian-born American activist, journalist, author (born
1853 )
September 22 –
Edward Tennant , English war poet (killed in action, born
1897 )
October 7 –
James Whitcomb Riley , American poet (born
1849 )
October 21 –
Olindo Guerrini , Italian poet (born
1845 )
October 25 –
John Todhunter , Irish poet and dramatist (born
1839 )
November 14 –
Saki (H. H. Munro), English short-story writer (killed in action, born
1870 )
November 15 –
Molly Elliot Seawell , American novelist (born
1860 )
November 20 –
Lucie Fulton Isaacs , American writer, philanthropist, suffragist (born
1841 )
November 22 –
Jack London , American novelist (born
1876 )
[13]
November 27 –
Émile Verhaeren , Belgian Symbolist poet (born
1855 )
[14]
December 9 –
Natsume Sōseki , Japanese novelist (born
1867 )
^ Woodson, Carter G., ed. (January 1916).
"The Journal of Negro History " . Project Gutenberg . I . Retrieved 2013-05-21 .
^
"Akutagawa Ryunosuke" . Archived from
the original on 2008-10-22. Retrieved 2008-09-27 .
^
Jenkins, David (2002). A Refuge in Peace and War: The National Library of Wales to 1952 . Aberystwyth: National Library of Wales. p. 168.
ISBN
1-86225-034-0 .
^ Woods, Joanna (2007).
"Katherine Mansfield, 1888–1923" . New Zealand Notes and Queries . 7 (1).
Victoria University of Wellington : 63–98.
doi :
10.26686/knznq.v7i1.776 . Retrieved 2015-12-13 .
^
"Poets Killed on the First Day of the Somme" . Poetry of the First World War . Archived from
the original on 2011-05-22. Retrieved 2013-05-21 .
^
Kennedy, Maev (2016-04-21).
"Jailer complained about noisy Easter Rising prisoners, letter reveals" .
The Guardian . London. Retrieved 2024-03-10 .
^ Ene, Ileana (2001). "Tabel cronologic". In
Perpessicius (ed.). Studii eminesciene . Bucharest: Museum of Romanian Literature. p. 14.
ISBN
973-8031-34-6 .
^ Shirley A. Scott (1990).
Canada Knits: Craft and Comfort in a Northern Land . McGraw-Hill Ryerson. p. 97.
ISBN
978-0-07-549973-2 .
^ Albert Tezla (1970).
Hungarian Authors; a Bibliographical Handbook . Harvard University Press. p. 288.
ISBN
978-0-674-42650-4 .
^
"Albert Einstein Archives" . Archived from
the original on 2006-08-29.
^
"Dahl, Roald (1916–1990), writer of fiction" .
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
doi :
10.1093/ref:odnb/39827 .
ISBN
978-0-19-861412-8 . Retrieved 9 January 2022 . (Subscription or
UK public library membership required.)
^
"Obituary: Alice Childress" . The Independent . 2011-09-18.
Archived from the original on 2022-05-01. Retrieved 25 May 2021 .
^
"Jack London's death certificate, from County Record's Office, Sonoma Co., Nov. 22, 1916" . The Jack London Online Collection. November 22, 1916. Archived from
the original on April 27, 2015. Retrieved August 14, 2014 .
^ Russell T. Clement; Annick Houzé; Annick Houze (1999).
Neo-impressionist Painters: A Sourcebook on Georges Seurat, Camille Pissarro, Paul Signac, Théo Van Rysselberghe, Henri Edmond Cross, Charles Angrand, Maximilien Luce, and Albert Dubois-Pillet . Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 331.
ISBN
978-0-313-30382-1 .
^
"Verner von Heidenstam | Swedish author" . Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved 25 May 2021 .