January — Philosopher
Hu Shih, the primary advocate for the revolution in Chinese literature at this time to replace scholarly language with the vernacular, publishes an article in the magazine New Youth (Xin Qingnian) titled "A Preliminary Discussion of Literature Reform", in which he originally emphasizes eight guidelines that all Chinese writers should take to heart (next year he will compress the list to four points).
February — The Little Review moves from Chicago to New York City with the help of
Ezra Pound (its foreign editor from May).
May 2 —
English poet
Marian Allen completes the poem "To A. T. G." a few days after hearing of the death in action of her fiancé Arthur Greg, the first of several to his memory.
July 15 —
Welsh-language poet
Hedd Wyn posts his
awdl "Yr Arwr" ("The Hero") as his entry for the poetry competition at the
National Eisteddfod of Wales on the same day as he marches off with the 15th Battalion
Royal Welch Fusiliers towards the
Battle of Passchendaele in which he will be killed a fortnight later. On September 6 at the ceremony of
Chairing of the Bard at the Eisteddfod, held at
Birkenhead, the empty druidical chair which Wyn, as winner, should have occupied is draped in a black sheet, "The festival in tears and the poet in his grave." This becomes known as "The Eisteddfodd of the Black Chair."
Summer —
Russian writer
Boris Pasternak composes My Sister, My Life; this circulates orally and in manuscript for several years before publication.
Including all of the British colonies that later became India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Listed alphabetically by first name, regardless of surname:
Juan Ramón Jiménez, Diario de un poeta recién casado ("Diary of a Newly Married Poet"; later retitled Diario de poeta y mar ["Diary of Poet and Sea"),
Spain[17]
^
abcdefghijklLudwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press ("If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)
^
abAuster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982
ISBN0-394-52197-8
^Preminger, Alex and T. V. F. Brogan, et al., The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993. New York: MJF Books/Fine Communications
^Mohan, Sarala Jag,
Chapter 4: "Twentieth-Century Gujarati Literature" (Google books link), in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996,
ISBN978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved December 10, 2008
January — Philosopher
Hu Shih, the primary advocate for the revolution in Chinese literature at this time to replace scholarly language with the vernacular, publishes an article in the magazine New Youth (Xin Qingnian) titled "A Preliminary Discussion of Literature Reform", in which he originally emphasizes eight guidelines that all Chinese writers should take to heart (next year he will compress the list to four points).
February — The Little Review moves from Chicago to New York City with the help of
Ezra Pound (its foreign editor from May).
May 2 —
English poet
Marian Allen completes the poem "To A. T. G." a few days after hearing of the death in action of her fiancé Arthur Greg, the first of several to his memory.
July 15 —
Welsh-language poet
Hedd Wyn posts his
awdl "Yr Arwr" ("The Hero") as his entry for the poetry competition at the
National Eisteddfod of Wales on the same day as he marches off with the 15th Battalion
Royal Welch Fusiliers towards the
Battle of Passchendaele in which he will be killed a fortnight later. On September 6 at the ceremony of
Chairing of the Bard at the Eisteddfod, held at
Birkenhead, the empty druidical chair which Wyn, as winner, should have occupied is draped in a black sheet, "The festival in tears and the poet in his grave." This becomes known as "The Eisteddfodd of the Black Chair."
Summer —
Russian writer
Boris Pasternak composes My Sister, My Life; this circulates orally and in manuscript for several years before publication.
Including all of the British colonies that later became India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Listed alphabetically by first name, regardless of surname:
Juan Ramón Jiménez, Diario de un poeta recién casado ("Diary of a Newly Married Poet"; later retitled Diario de poeta y mar ["Diary of Poet and Sea"),
Spain[17]
^
abcdefghijklLudwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press ("If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)
^
abAuster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982
ISBN0-394-52197-8
^Preminger, Alex and T. V. F. Brogan, et al., The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993. New York: MJF Books/Fine Communications
^Mohan, Sarala Jag,
Chapter 4: "Twentieth-Century Gujarati Literature" (Google books link), in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996,
ISBN978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved December 10, 2008