New election procedures for the election of the
doge are established in
Venice, in order to reduce the influence of powerful individual families and possibly to prevent the popular
Lorenzo Tiepolo from becoming elected.[8]
Pope Clement IV dies; the following
papal election fails to choose a new pope for almost three years, precipitating the later creation of stringent rules governing the electoral procedures.[9]
Kublai Khan sends an emissary to the
Kamakura shogunate of Japan, demanding an acknowledgment of suzerainty and payment of
tribute; the Japanese refuse, starting a diplomatic back-and-forth, lasting until the
Mongols attempt to invade in
1274.[16]
^Small, Carola M. (2004).
"Battle of Tagliacozzo". In Kleinhenz, Christopher (ed.). Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia. New York and London: Routledge. p. 1068.
ISBN9781135948801.
^Bary, Wm. Theodore de; Gluck, Carol; Tiedemann, Arthur; Varley, Paul (2002).
"The Mongol Invasion of Japan". Sources of Japanese Tradition (Second: From Earliest Times to 1600 ed.). New York and Chichester, UK: Columbia University Press. p. 280.
ISBN9780231518055.
^Walford, Cornelius (1879) The famines of the world: past and present London, page 55,
OCLC38724391
^Lomnitz, Cinna (1974) Global Tectonics and Earthquake Risk Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co., Amsterdam,
ISBN0-444-41076-7
^Delph, Ronald K. (2007). Ackermann, Marsha E.; Schroeder, Michael J.; Terry, Janice J.; Upshur, Jiu-Hwa Lo; Whitters, Mark F. (eds.).
Encyclopedia of World History. Facts on File Library of World History. Infobase Publishing. p. 326.
ISBN978-0-8160-6386-4.
New election procedures for the election of the
doge are established in
Venice, in order to reduce the influence of powerful individual families and possibly to prevent the popular
Lorenzo Tiepolo from becoming elected.[8]
Pope Clement IV dies; the following
papal election fails to choose a new pope for almost three years, precipitating the later creation of stringent rules governing the electoral procedures.[9]
Kublai Khan sends an emissary to the
Kamakura shogunate of Japan, demanding an acknowledgment of suzerainty and payment of
tribute; the Japanese refuse, starting a diplomatic back-and-forth, lasting until the
Mongols attempt to invade in
1274.[16]
^Small, Carola M. (2004).
"Battle of Tagliacozzo". In Kleinhenz, Christopher (ed.). Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia. New York and London: Routledge. p. 1068.
ISBN9781135948801.
^Bary, Wm. Theodore de; Gluck, Carol; Tiedemann, Arthur; Varley, Paul (2002).
"The Mongol Invasion of Japan". Sources of Japanese Tradition (Second: From Earliest Times to 1600 ed.). New York and Chichester, UK: Columbia University Press. p. 280.
ISBN9780231518055.
^Walford, Cornelius (1879) The famines of the world: past and present London, page 55,
OCLC38724391
^Lomnitz, Cinna (1974) Global Tectonics and Earthquake Risk Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co., Amsterdam,
ISBN0-444-41076-7
^Delph, Ronald K. (2007). Ackermann, Marsha E.; Schroeder, Michael J.; Terry, Janice J.; Upshur, Jiu-Hwa Lo; Whitters, Mark F. (eds.).
Encyclopedia of World History. Facts on File Library of World History. Infobase Publishing. p. 326.
ISBN978-0-8160-6386-4.