This article needs additional citations for
verification. (December 2022) |
Kingdom of Zichia Адзыгъуэй (
Adyghe) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
c. 100– c. 1500 | |||||||||||||
Common languages | Circassian | ||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||
Government | |||||||||||||
•
c. 100s c. 400s c. 500s 668–960 c. 700s–800s c. 800s–900s c. 960s–1000s c. 1000s–1022 c. 1200s c. 1200s–1237 1237–1239 c. 1330s c. late 1300s c. 1427–1453 c. 1453- c. 1470s c. 1470s c. 1530s–1542 | Stachemfak Dawiy Bakhsan Dawiqo Lawristan Weche Hapach Rededya Abdunkhan Tuqar (Tukar) Tuqbash Ferzakht (Verzacht) Berezok Inal the Great Belzebuk Peterzeqo (Petrezok) Kansavuk | ||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
• Established | c. 100 | ||||||||||||
• Disestablished | c. 1500 | ||||||||||||
|
Part of a series on the |
Circassians Адыгэхэр |
---|
List of notable Circassians Circassian genocide |
Circassian diaspora |
Circassian tribes |
Surviving Destroyed or barely existing |
Religion |
Religion in Circassia |
Languages and dialects |
|
History |
Show |
Culture |
Zichia [a] ( /ˈzɪkiə/; Adyghe: Адзыгъуэй) was the predecessor of Circassia and a medieval kingdom on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea, inhabited by Circassians. [1]
The exact borders of the kingdom is unknown. According to the 10th-century Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos ( r. 913–959), it lay south of Tamatarcha ( Tmutorokan), separated from it by the river Oukrouch (possibly to be identified with the Kuban River), and had a city called Nikopsis. [2] According to a legend about a visit of the Apostle Andrew there, it lay between Abasgia ( Abkhazia) and the Cimmerian Bosporus ( Strait of Kerch). [2]
In historical sources, the area first appears in the 6th century, when the Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea (Wars, VIII.4.2) records that the people of the Zechoi used to have a king appointed by the Roman Emperor, but that they had since become independent. [2] The Notitiae Episcopatuum of the Patriarchate of Constantinople mention an autocephalous archbishopric of Zichia from the 7th century on, associated with Tamatarcha or the Cimmerian Bosporus. [2]
At the time of Constantine VII, Byzantine dealings with the area were carried out by the inhabitants of Cherson. [2] In the 11th century, the Byzantines may have established control over the region, as attested by the seal of a Michael, " archon of Zichia, Khazaria, and Gothia", but this is disputed among modern scholars. In the 12th century, Emperor Manuel I Komnenos ( r. 1143–1180) used the title "emperor of Zichia, Khazaria, and Gothia", but it is unclear to which extent this claim corresponded to reality. [2]
In the 13th century, the area was visited by Hungarian and Italian travellers, who called it Sychia (and other variants thereof). These travellers located Matrica (Tmutorokan) within Sychia. [2]
This article needs additional citations for
verification. (December 2022) |
Kingdom of Zichia Адзыгъуэй (
Adyghe) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
c. 100– c. 1500 | |||||||||||||
Common languages | Circassian | ||||||||||||
Religion | |||||||||||||
Government | |||||||||||||
•
c. 100s c. 400s c. 500s 668–960 c. 700s–800s c. 800s–900s c. 960s–1000s c. 1000s–1022 c. 1200s c. 1200s–1237 1237–1239 c. 1330s c. late 1300s c. 1427–1453 c. 1453- c. 1470s c. 1470s c. 1530s–1542 | Stachemfak Dawiy Bakhsan Dawiqo Lawristan Weche Hapach Rededya Abdunkhan Tuqar (Tukar) Tuqbash Ferzakht (Verzacht) Berezok Inal the Great Belzebuk Peterzeqo (Petrezok) Kansavuk | ||||||||||||
History | |||||||||||||
• Established | c. 100 | ||||||||||||
• Disestablished | c. 1500 | ||||||||||||
|
Part of a series on the |
Circassians Адыгэхэр |
---|
List of notable Circassians Circassian genocide |
Circassian diaspora |
Circassian tribes |
Surviving Destroyed or barely existing |
Religion |
Religion in Circassia |
Languages and dialects |
|
History |
Show |
Culture |
Zichia [a] ( /ˈzɪkiə/; Adyghe: Адзыгъуэй) was the predecessor of Circassia and a medieval kingdom on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea, inhabited by Circassians. [1]
The exact borders of the kingdom is unknown. According to the 10th-century Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos ( r. 913–959), it lay south of Tamatarcha ( Tmutorokan), separated from it by the river Oukrouch (possibly to be identified with the Kuban River), and had a city called Nikopsis. [2] According to a legend about a visit of the Apostle Andrew there, it lay between Abasgia ( Abkhazia) and the Cimmerian Bosporus ( Strait of Kerch). [2]
In historical sources, the area first appears in the 6th century, when the Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea (Wars, VIII.4.2) records that the people of the Zechoi used to have a king appointed by the Roman Emperor, but that they had since become independent. [2] The Notitiae Episcopatuum of the Patriarchate of Constantinople mention an autocephalous archbishopric of Zichia from the 7th century on, associated with Tamatarcha or the Cimmerian Bosporus. [2]
At the time of Constantine VII, Byzantine dealings with the area were carried out by the inhabitants of Cherson. [2] In the 11th century, the Byzantines may have established control over the region, as attested by the seal of a Michael, " archon of Zichia, Khazaria, and Gothia", but this is disputed among modern scholars. In the 12th century, Emperor Manuel I Komnenos ( r. 1143–1180) used the title "emperor of Zichia, Khazaria, and Gothia", but it is unclear to which extent this claim corresponded to reality. [2]
In the 13th century, the area was visited by Hungarian and Italian travellers, who called it Sychia (and other variants thereof). These travellers located Matrica (Tmutorokan) within Sychia. [2]