Ahir ( Sanskrit: Abhira) [1] is a caste found in the Indian subcontinent, mainly modern-day India, Nepal and Pakistan. [2] [3] [4] [5] The Ahir clans are spread almost all over country. [6] Historians such as P. M. Chandorkar, using both literary and epigraphic sources has argued that the modern Ahirs should be identified with the Yadavas of the classical Sanskrit texts. [7]
Clans
Yaduvanshi Ahirs
The Yaduvanshi Ahirs [8] claim descent from the Rigvedic Yadu tribe of Krishna. [9] [10]
Nandvanshi Ahirs
The Nandvanshi Ahirs [10] are the offsprings of Nanda, the foster-father of Krishna. [11]
Gwalvanshi Ahirs
The Gwalvanshi Ahir are one of the subdivisions of Ahirs. [12] They say that they have descended from the Gopis of Braj and Brindaban ( Vrindavan) who danced with Kanhaiya ( Krishna). [13] They are also found in Mathura and Brindaban ( Vrindavan). [13]
Ghosi
The Ghosi are a division of Ahir community found mainly in North India. They were the zamidars and small rulers of various parts of country. [14] Ghosi trace their origin to Nanda, the professed ancestor of Ghosi Ahirs. [15]
Phatak
The Phatak Ahirs claim to be descended from Digpal, the Ahir Raja of Mahaban. [14]
Dauwa
The Dauwa Ahirs are the descendants of Shree Balaram, half-brother of Lord Krishna. [16] Dauwas were rulers of Bundelkhand in past. It is said that Dauwas had established their power in Bundelkhand even before Bundela Rajputs. [16]
Ahar
The Ahar are a Hindu caste of agriculturists. [17] The Ahar tribe are spread through Rohilkhand and other districts of North-Western provinces, following pastoral pursuits. They are of Yaduvanshi stock. [18]
Dhadhor
Dhadhor is a tribe of Ahirs. They are reckoned in Tashreeh-al-akwam amongst the Doab Ahirs. [19]
Kamaria
Kamarias (or Yaduvanshi Thakurs) [20] are a clan of Nandvanshi Ahirs [21] [22] [23] in Braj.
Krishnaut
Krishnaut or Kishnaut are Ahirs that inhabits the state of Bihar. [24] [25] The term Krishnaut which to them denotes their descent from Lord Krishna. [26] [27]
Majhraut
The Yadavs who migrated from Mathura ( Braj) to Bihar and its surrounding areas came to be known as Mathuraut or Majrauth. [28] They inhabit the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand. [29] [30] [31] [32] They claim to be descended from the Yadava king Madhu.
Ayar
The Ayar are a clan of Ahirs found in South India and Gujarat [33] and are related to the historic Abhiras ( Yadavas) mentioned in the Puranas. [34] they are also called Konar and Idaiyar in South India. [35] [36] [37]
Sorathia
Sorathia is a Ahir clan found in the state of Gujarat in India. According to prof Bhagwan Singh Suryavanshi they are the descendents of Abhira chief Rao Navaghana of Junagadh. [38]
See also
References
- ^ Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition. Anmol Publications. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8.
- ^ Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition. Anmol Publications. p. 76. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8.
- ^ Heath, Anthony F.; Jeffery, Roger (2010). Diversity and Change in Modern India: Economic, Social and Political Approaches. OUP/British Academy. p. 223. ISBN 978-0-19-726451-5.
- ^ Gurung, Harka B. (1996). Faces of Nepal. Himal Books. p. 80. ISBN 978-99933-43-50-9.
- ^ Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan: Millennium 2000. Research Institute of Historiography, Biography and Philosophy. 2001.
- ^ Fox, Richard Gabriel (1971). Kin, Clan, Raja, and Rule: Statehinterland Relations in Preindustrial India. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-01807-5.
- ^ Guha, Sumit (15 July 1999). Environment and Ethnicity in India, 1200-1991. Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-521-64078-7.
- ^ Singh, Bhrigupati (2021). Poverty and the Quest for Life Spiritual and Material Striving in Rural India. University of Chicago Press. pp. 21, 146. ISBN 9780226194684.
- ^ Michelutti, Lucia (2002). Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town (PDF). p. 89.
- ^
a
b Gupta, Dipankar (2021).
Caste in Question. SAGE Publication. p. 58.
ISBN
9788132103455.
Their original caste title was Ahir. The idea of a unique Krishnavanshi kinship category which fuses traditional subdivisions Yaduvanshi, Nandavanshi and Goallavanshi into a single endogamous unit
- ^ Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan (1990). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0505-3.
- ^ People of India: Uttar Pradesh. Anthropological Survey of India. 2005. ISBN 978-81-7304-114-3.
- ^ a b Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan (1990). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0505-3.
- ^ a b Lucia Michelutti, Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town (2002) London School of Economics and Political Science University of London, p.90-98
- ^ Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan (1990). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0505-3.
- ^ a b Singh, Mahendra Pratap (2001). Shivaji, Bhakha Sources and Nationalism. Books India International.
- ^ Oliver Mendelsohn, Marika Vicziany (1998). The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India Volume 4 of Contemporary South Asia. Cambridge University Press. pp. xi. ISBN 9780521556712.
- ^ Subodh Kapoor (2002). Indian Encyclopaedia, Volume 1. Genesis Publishing Pvt Ltd. p. 108. ISBN 9788177552577.
- ^ Forbes, Duncan (8 June 2023). A Dictionary , Hindustani and English: Part I. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 978-3-382-33056-9.
- ^ Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
- ^ Dass, Arvind (2002). Caste System: Caste commentaries and documentation. Dominant Publishers and Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7888-029-7.
- ^ Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
- ^ Gupta, Dipankar (8 December 2004). Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1957). Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ The National Geographical Journal of India. National Geographical Society of India. 1975.
- ^ Swartzberg, Leon (1979). The North Indian Peasant Goes to Market. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. p. 11. ISBN 978-81-208-3039-4.
- ^ O'malley, L. S. S. (2007). Bihar And Orissa District Gazetteers : Saran. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-7268-136-4.
- ^ Sinhā, Mīnākshī (1993). Mithilā ke Yādava (in Hindi). Mahārājā Lakshmīśvara Siṃha Risarca Sosāiṭī.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1957). Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ Singh, Rana P. B. (1977). Clan Settlements in the Saran Plain (Middle Ganga Valley): A Study in Cultural Geography. National Geographical Society of India, Banaras Hindu University.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1962). Bihar District Gazetteers: Hazaribagh. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ Siddiqui, M. K. A. (1993). Inter-caste and Inter-community Relationship: Developing Patterns. Commonwealth Publishers. ISBN 978-81-7169-260-6.
-
^ * Singh, Rajbir (1994).
India's Unequal Citizens: A Study of Other Backward Classes. Manohar, 1994. pp. 34, 356, 390.
ISBN
978-81-7304-069-6.
- Sharma, Shish Ram (2002). Protective Discrimination: Other Backward Classes in India. Raj Publications, 2002. pp. 153, 312, 410. ISBN 978-81-86208-23-6.
- ^ Padmaja, T. (2002). Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: history, art, and traditions in Tamilnāḍu. Abhinav publications. p. 33-35. ISBN 9788170173984.
- ^ Neolithic Cattle-Keepers of South India page 101. Cambridge university press. p. 101.
- ^ Religious festivals in South India and Sri Lanka page 128. Manohar publications. p. 128.
- ^ Journal of Indian history, Volume 7. University of Kerala. p. 86.
- ^ SurvaVanshi, Bhagwansingh (1962). Abhiras their history and culture. p. 84.
Ahir ( Sanskrit: Abhira) [1] is a caste found in the Indian subcontinent, mainly modern-day India, Nepal and Pakistan. [2] [3] [4] [5] The Ahir clans are spread almost all over country. [6] Historians such as P. M. Chandorkar, using both literary and epigraphic sources has argued that the modern Ahirs should be identified with the Yadavas of the classical Sanskrit texts. [7]
Clans
Yaduvanshi Ahirs
The Yaduvanshi Ahirs [8] claim descent from the Rigvedic Yadu tribe of Krishna. [9] [10]
Nandvanshi Ahirs
The Nandvanshi Ahirs [10] are the offsprings of Nanda, the foster-father of Krishna. [11]
Gwalvanshi Ahirs
The Gwalvanshi Ahir are one of the subdivisions of Ahirs. [12] They say that they have descended from the Gopis of Braj and Brindaban ( Vrindavan) who danced with Kanhaiya ( Krishna). [13] They are also found in Mathura and Brindaban ( Vrindavan). [13]
Ghosi
The Ghosi are a division of Ahir community found mainly in North India. They were the zamidars and small rulers of various parts of country. [14] Ghosi trace their origin to Nanda, the professed ancestor of Ghosi Ahirs. [15]
Phatak
The Phatak Ahirs claim to be descended from Digpal, the Ahir Raja of Mahaban. [14]
Dauwa
The Dauwa Ahirs are the descendants of Shree Balaram, half-brother of Lord Krishna. [16] Dauwas were rulers of Bundelkhand in past. It is said that Dauwas had established their power in Bundelkhand even before Bundela Rajputs. [16]
Ahar
The Ahar are a Hindu caste of agriculturists. [17] The Ahar tribe are spread through Rohilkhand and other districts of North-Western provinces, following pastoral pursuits. They are of Yaduvanshi stock. [18]
Dhadhor
Dhadhor is a tribe of Ahirs. They are reckoned in Tashreeh-al-akwam amongst the Doab Ahirs. [19]
Kamaria
Kamarias (or Yaduvanshi Thakurs) [20] are a clan of Nandvanshi Ahirs [21] [22] [23] in Braj.
Krishnaut
Krishnaut or Kishnaut are Ahirs that inhabits the state of Bihar. [24] [25] The term Krishnaut which to them denotes their descent from Lord Krishna. [26] [27]
Majhraut
The Yadavs who migrated from Mathura ( Braj) to Bihar and its surrounding areas came to be known as Mathuraut or Majrauth. [28] They inhabit the Indian states of Bihar and Jharkhand. [29] [30] [31] [32] They claim to be descended from the Yadava king Madhu.
Ayar
The Ayar are a clan of Ahirs found in South India and Gujarat [33] and are related to the historic Abhiras ( Yadavas) mentioned in the Puranas. [34] they are also called Konar and Idaiyar in South India. [35] [36] [37]
Sorathia
Sorathia is a Ahir clan found in the state of Gujarat in India. According to prof Bhagwan Singh Suryavanshi they are the descendents of Abhira chief Rao Navaghana of Junagadh. [38]
See also
References
- ^ Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition. Anmol Publications. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8.
- ^ Shashi, Shyam Singh (1994). Encyclopaedia of Indian Tribes: The tribal world in transition. Anmol Publications. p. 76. ISBN 978-81-7041-836-8.
- ^ Heath, Anthony F.; Jeffery, Roger (2010). Diversity and Change in Modern India: Economic, Social and Political Approaches. OUP/British Academy. p. 223. ISBN 978-0-19-726451-5.
- ^ Gurung, Harka B. (1996). Faces of Nepal. Himal Books. p. 80. ISBN 978-99933-43-50-9.
- ^ Biographical Encyclopedia of Pakistan: Millennium 2000. Research Institute of Historiography, Biography and Philosophy. 2001.
- ^ Fox, Richard Gabriel (1971). Kin, Clan, Raja, and Rule: Statehinterland Relations in Preindustrial India. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-01807-5.
- ^ Guha, Sumit (15 July 1999). Environment and Ethnicity in India, 1200-1991. Cambridge University Press. p. 47. ISBN 978-0-521-64078-7.
- ^ Singh, Bhrigupati (2021). Poverty and the Quest for Life Spiritual and Material Striving in Rural India. University of Chicago Press. pp. 21, 146. ISBN 9780226194684.
- ^ Michelutti, Lucia (2002). Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town (PDF). p. 89.
- ^
a
b Gupta, Dipankar (2021).
Caste in Question. SAGE Publication. p. 58.
ISBN
9788132103455.
Their original caste title was Ahir. The idea of a unique Krishnavanshi kinship category which fuses traditional subdivisions Yaduvanshi, Nandavanshi and Goallavanshi into a single endogamous unit
- ^ Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan (1990). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0505-3.
- ^ People of India: Uttar Pradesh. Anthropological Survey of India. 2005. ISBN 978-81-7304-114-3.
- ^ a b Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan (1990). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0505-3.
- ^ a b Lucia Michelutti, Sons of Krishna: the politics of Yadav community formation in a North Indian town (2002) London School of Economics and Political Science University of London, p.90-98
- ^ Ibbetson, Sir Denzil; Maclagan (1990). Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0505-3.
- ^ a b Singh, Mahendra Pratap (2001). Shivaji, Bhakha Sources and Nationalism. Books India International.
- ^ Oliver Mendelsohn, Marika Vicziany (1998). The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India Volume 4 of Contemporary South Asia. Cambridge University Press. pp. xi. ISBN 9780521556712.
- ^ Subodh Kapoor (2002). Indian Encyclopaedia, Volume 1. Genesis Publishing Pvt Ltd. p. 108. ISBN 9788177552577.
- ^ Forbes, Duncan (8 June 2023). A Dictionary , Hindustani and English: Part I. BoD – Books on Demand. ISBN 978-3-382-33056-9.
- ^ Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
- ^ Dass, Arvind (2002). Caste System: Caste commentaries and documentation. Dominant Publishers and Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7888-029-7.
- ^ Mutatkar, Ramchandra Keshav (1978). Caste Dimensions in a Village. Shubhada-Saraswat.
- ^ Gupta, Dipankar (8 December 2004). Caste in Question: Identity Or Hierarchy?. SAGE Publications. ISBN 978-0-7619-3324-3.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1957). Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ The National Geographical Journal of India. National Geographical Society of India. 1975.
- ^ Swartzberg, Leon (1979). The North Indian Peasant Goes to Market. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. p. 11. ISBN 978-81-208-3039-4.
- ^ O'malley, L. S. S. (2007). Bihar And Orissa District Gazetteers : Saran. Concept Publishing Company. ISBN 978-81-7268-136-4.
- ^ Sinhā, Mīnākshī (1993). Mithilā ke Yādava (in Hindi). Mahārājā Lakshmīśvara Siṃha Risarca Sosāiṭī.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1957). Bihar District Gazetteers: Bhagalpur. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ Singh, Rana P. B. (1977). Clan Settlements in the Saran Plain (Middle Ganga Valley): A Study in Cultural Geography. National Geographical Society of India, Banaras Hindu University.
- ^ Bihar (India); Choudhury, Pranab Chandra Roy (1962). Bihar District Gazetteers: Hazaribagh. Superintendent, Secretariat Press, Bihar.
- ^ Siddiqui, M. K. A. (1993). Inter-caste and Inter-community Relationship: Developing Patterns. Commonwealth Publishers. ISBN 978-81-7169-260-6.
-
^ * Singh, Rajbir (1994).
India's Unequal Citizens: A Study of Other Backward Classes. Manohar, 1994. pp. 34, 356, 390.
ISBN
978-81-7304-069-6.
- Sharma, Shish Ram (2002). Protective Discrimination: Other Backward Classes in India. Raj Publications, 2002. pp. 153, 312, 410. ISBN 978-81-86208-23-6.
- ^ Padmaja, T. (2002). Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: history, art, and traditions in Tamilnāḍu. Abhinav publications. p. 33-35. ISBN 9788170173984.
- ^ Neolithic Cattle-Keepers of South India page 101. Cambridge university press. p. 101.
- ^ Religious festivals in South India and Sri Lanka page 128. Manohar publications. p. 128.
- ^ Journal of Indian history, Volume 7. University of Kerala. p. 86.
- ^ SurvaVanshi, Bhagwansingh (1962). Abhiras their history and culture. p. 84.