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Destruction of the Godesburg fortress during the Cologne War, 1583

The Cologne War (1583–88) devastated the Electorate of Cologne, a historical ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire, present-day North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany. The war occurred within the context of the Protestant Reformation in Germany and the subsequent Counter-Reformation, and concurrently with the Dutch Revolt and the French Wars of Religion. The conflict tested the principle of ecclesiastical reservation, which had been included in the religious Peace of Augsburg (1555). This principle excluded, or "reserved", the ecclesiastical territories of the Holy Roman Empire from the application of cuius regio, eius religio, or "who rules, his religion", as the primary means to determine the religion of a territory. The conflict coincided with the Dutch Revolt, 1568–1648, encouraging participation of the rebellious Dutch provinces and the Spanish. The Cologne War caused the consolidation of Wittelsbach authority in northwestern German territories and in a Catholic revival on the lower Rhine. Importantly, it also set a precedent for outside intervention in German religious and dynastic conflicts. ( Full article...)

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Ramnagar Fort

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  • ... that Ohio's Old Perry County Courthouse, built in 1829, is the oldest building in the former Northwest Territory continually used as a government building?
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  • ... that Michael Clarke is the only player to score four double centuries during a calendar year, and the third to achieve two double centuries in a series twice?
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    Sebastian Vettel
  • In Formula One, Sebastian Vettel (pictured) wins the Drivers' Championship for the third consecutive year.
  • In Canadian football, the Toronto Argonauts defeat the Calgary Stampeders to win the 100th Grey Cup.
  • A fire at a clothing factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh, kills at least 112 people.
  • Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi outlaws challenges to presidential authority.
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  • On this day...

    November 29: Liberation Day in Albania ( 1944)

    Pong screenshot

  • 1729Natchez Indians suddenly revolted against French colonists near modern-day Natchez, Mississippi, US, killing over 240 people.
  • 1776American Revolutionary War: British reinforcements brought an end to the Patriot attempt to capture Fort Cumberland in Nova Scotia.
  • 1899 FC Barcelona, one of the most successful clubs in Spanish football, was founded by Swiss football pioneer Joan Gamper.
  • 1972Atari released Pong (screenshot pictured), one of the first video games to achieve widespread popularity in both the arcade and home console markets.
  • 1987 Korean Air Flight 858 exploded over the Andaman Sea after two North Korean agents left a time bomb in an overhead compartment, killing all 115 people on board.

    More anniversaries: November 28 November 29 November 30

    It is now November 29, 2012 ( UTC) – Refresh this page
  • Today's featured picture

    Anti-Slavery Society Convention, 1840

    Benjamin Haydon's painting of Thomas Clarkson addressing the 1840 Anti-Slavery Convention, held by the Anti-Slavery Society at Exeter Hall in London. The organisation was the second to bear that name and was dedicated to the abolishment of slavery worldwide. It continues to function today as Anti-Slavery International.

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    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
    Welcome to Wikipedia,
    4,107,787 articles in English

    From today's featured article

    Destruction of the Godesburg fortress during the Cologne War, 1583

    The Cologne War (1583–88) devastated the Electorate of Cologne, a historical ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire, present-day North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany. The war occurred within the context of the Protestant Reformation in Germany and the subsequent Counter-Reformation, and concurrently with the Dutch Revolt and the French Wars of Religion. The conflict tested the principle of ecclesiastical reservation, which had been included in the religious Peace of Augsburg (1555). This principle excluded, or "reserved", the ecclesiastical territories of the Holy Roman Empire from the application of cuius regio, eius religio, or "who rules, his religion", as the primary means to determine the religion of a territory. The conflict coincided with the Dutch Revolt, 1568–1648, encouraging participation of the rebellious Dutch provinces and the Spanish. The Cologne War caused the consolidation of Wittelsbach authority in northwestern German territories and in a Catholic revival on the lower Rhine. Importantly, it also set a precedent for outside intervention in German religious and dynastic conflicts. ( Full article...)

    Recently featured: Russula emeticaKappa Kappa PsiBetelgeuse

    Did you know...

    From Wikipedia's newest content:

    Ramnagar Fort

  • ... that the museum within Ramnagar Fort (pictured) was at one time a Durbar Hall?
  • ... that in his documentary film al-Manam, Syrian filmmaker Mohammad Malas interviews Palestinian refugees in Lebanon about their dreams?
  • ... that the first serekh of king Double Falcon was discovered by a peasant planting a palm grove?
  • ... that Ohio's Old Perry County Courthouse, built in 1829, is the oldest building in the former Northwest Territory continually used as a government building?
  • ... that John Emory Powers was the world's first full-time copywriter?
  • ... that Michael Clarke is the only player to score four double centuries during a calendar year, and the third to achieve two double centuries in a series twice?
  • In the news

    Sebastian Vettel
  • In Formula One, Sebastian Vettel (pictured) wins the Drivers' Championship for the third consecutive year.
  • In Canadian football, the Toronto Argonauts defeat the Calgary Stampeders to win the 100th Grey Cup.
  • A fire at a clothing factory in Dhaka, Bangladesh, kills at least 112 people.
  • Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi outlaws challenges to presidential authority.
  • Israel and Hamas agree to a ceasefire to conclude a week-long escalation in hostilities in Southern Israel and the Gaza Strip.

    Recent deaths:  Joseph MurrayMarvin MillerHéctor Camacho

  • On this day...

    November 29: Liberation Day in Albania ( 1944)

    Pong screenshot

  • 1729Natchez Indians suddenly revolted against French colonists near modern-day Natchez, Mississippi, US, killing over 240 people.
  • 1776American Revolutionary War: British reinforcements brought an end to the Patriot attempt to capture Fort Cumberland in Nova Scotia.
  • 1899 FC Barcelona, one of the most successful clubs in Spanish football, was founded by Swiss football pioneer Joan Gamper.
  • 1972Atari released Pong (screenshot pictured), one of the first video games to achieve widespread popularity in both the arcade and home console markets.
  • 1987 Korean Air Flight 858 exploded over the Andaman Sea after two North Korean agents left a time bomb in an overhead compartment, killing all 115 people on board.

    More anniversaries: November 28 November 29 November 30

    It is now November 29, 2012 ( UTC) – Refresh this page
  • Today's featured picture

    Anti-Slavery Society Convention, 1840

    Benjamin Haydon's painting of Thomas Clarkson addressing the 1840 Anti-Slavery Convention, held by the Anti-Slavery Society at Exeter Hall in London. The organisation was the second to bear that name and was dedicated to the abolishment of slavery worldwide. It continues to function today as Anti-Slavery International.

    Other areas of Wikipedia

    • Community portal – Bulletin board, projects, resources and activities covering a wide range of Wikipedia areas.
    • Help desk – Ask questions about using Wikipedia.
    • Local embassy – For Wikipedia-related communication in languages other than English.
    • Reference desk – Serving as virtual librarians, Wikipedia volunteers tackle your questions on a wide range of subjects.
    • Site news – Announcements, updates, articles and press releases on Wikipedia and the Wikimedia Foundation.
    • Village pump – For discussions about Wikipedia itself, including areas for technical issues and policies.

    Wikipedia's sister projects

    Wikipedia is hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation, a non-profit organization that also hosts a range of other projects:

    Wikipedia languages


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