I'm still trying to come up with the foundational conceptual functions of this program. I think I'll have to spend time moving in the direction of defining a multitude of geographic regions.
First, coastlines need to be defined. That is, what are the series of x,y (or long/lat) coords that coorespond to the coastline of the following islands:
Rank | Name | Area (km²) |
Area (sq mi) |
# of major cities |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Africa-Eurasia | 84000000 | 32000000 | |
2 | Americas | 41000000 | 16000000 | |
3 | Antarctica | 13000000 | 5000000 | |
4 | Australia | 7600000 | 2900000 | |
5 | Greenland | 2130800 | 822706 | |
6 | New Guinea | 785753 | 303381 | |
7 | Borneo | 748168 | 288869 | |
8 | Madagascar | 587713 | 226917 | |
9 | Baffin Island | 507451 | 195928 | |
10 | Sumatra | 443066 | 171069 | |
11 | Honshu | 225800 | 87182 | |
12 | Great Britain | 218595 | 84400 | |
13 | Victoria Island (Canada) | 217291 | 83897 | |
14 | Ellesmere Island | 196236 | 75767 | |
15 | Sulawesi | 180681 | 69761 | |
16 | South Island of New Zealand | 145836 | 56308 | |
17 | Java | 138794 | 53589 | |
18 | North Island of New Zealand | 111583 | 43082 | |
19 | Luzon | 109965 | 42458 | |
20 | Newfoundland | 108860 | 42031 | |
21 | Cuba main island | 105806 | 40852 | |
22 | Iceland main island | 101826 | 39315 | |
23 | Mindanao | 97530 | 36657 | |
24 | Ireland | 81638 | 31521 | |
25 | Hokkaido | 78719 | 30394 | |
26 | Hispaniola | 73929 | 28544 | |
27 | Sakhalin | 72493 | 28376 | |
28 | Banks Island | 70028 | 27038 | |
29 | Sri Lanka main island | 65268 | 25200 | |
30 | Tasmania's Main Island | 64519 | 24911 | |
31 | Devon Island | 55247 | 21331 | |
32 | Alexander Island | 49070 | 18946 | |
33 | Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego | 47401 | 18302 | |
34 | Northern Island (Ostrov Severny) of Novaya Zemlya | 47079 | 18177 | |
35 | Berkner Island | 43873 | 16939 | |
36 | Axel Heiberg Island | 43178 | 16671 | |
37 | Melville Island | 42149 | 16274 | |
38 | Southampton Island | 41214 | 15913 | |
39 | Marajó | 40100 | 15483 | |
40 | Spitsbergen | 38981 | 15051 | |
41 | Kyushu | 37437 | 14455 | |
42 | New Britain | 35145 | 13570 | |
43 | Taiwan | 34507 | 13323 | |
44 | Prince of Wales Island | 33339 | 12872 | |
45 | Southern Island (Ostrov Yuzhny) of Novaya Zemlya | 33246 | 12836 | |
46 | Hainan | 33210 | 12822 | |
47 | Vancouver Island | 31285 | 12079 | |
48 | Timor | 28418 | 10972 | |
49 | Sicily | 25662 | 9908 | |
50 | Somerset Island | 24786 | 9570 | |
51 | Kotelny / Faddeyesky | 24000 | 9266 | |
52 | Sardinia | 23949 | 9247 | |
53 | Bananal | 20000 | 7722 | |
54 | Shikoku | 18545 | 7160 | |
55 | Halmahera | 18040 | 6865 | |
56 | Ceram | 17454 | 6621 | |
57 | Main island of New Caledonia | 16648 | 6467 | |
58 | Bathurst Island | 16042 | 6194 | |
59 | Prince Patrick Island | 15848 | 6119 | |
60 | Thurston Island | 15700 | 6050 | |
61 | Sumbawa | 14386 | 5965 | |
62 | Nordaustlandet | 14247 | 5486 | |
63 | Oktyabrskoy Revolyutsii | 14204 | 5471 | |
64 | Flores | 14154 | 5520 | |
65 | King William Island | 13111 | 5062 | |
66 | Negros | 13074 | 4906 | |
67 | Samar | 12849 | 5050 | |
68 | Palawan | 12189 | 4550 | |
69 | Panay | 12011 | 4446 | |
70 | Tupinambarana | 11850 | 4550 | |
71 | Yos Sudarso | 11742 | 4500 | |
72 | Bangka | 11413 | 4375 | |
73 | Ellef Ringnes Island | 11295 | 4361 | |
74 | Bolshevik | 11206 | 4368 | |
75 | Jamaica | 11190 | 4244 | |
76 | Bylot Island | 11067 | 4273 | |
77 | Sumba | 10711 | 4306 | |
78 | Mindoro | 10572 | 3759 | |
79 | Viti Levu | 10531 | 4011 | |
80 | Big Island of Hawai'i | 10434 | 4021 | |
81 | Cape Breton Island | 10311 | 3981 | |
82 | Prince Charles Island | 9521 | 3676 | |
83 | Bougainville | 9318 | 3880 | |
84 | Kodiak Island | 9293 | 3588 | |
85 | Cyprus | 9234 | 3572 | |
86 | Puerto Rico | 9100 | 3435 | |
87 | Komsomolets Island | 8812 | 3477 | |
88 | Corsica | 8741 | 3351 | |
89 | Qeqertarsuaq (Disko) | 8612 | 3312 | |
90 | Carney Island | 8500 | 3300 | |
91 | Chiloé | 8478 | 3241 | |
92 | Buru | 8473 | 3670 | |
93 | Crete | 8350 | 3190 | |
94 | Anticosti | 7941 | 3066 | |
95 | Roosevelt Island | 7910 | 2900 | |
96 | Wrangel (Vrangelya) | 7866 | 3030 | |
97 | New Ireland | 7404 | 3344 | |
98 | Leyte | 7368 | 2785 | |
99 | Sjælland | 7180 | 2715 | |
100 | Cornwallis Island | 6995 | 2701 | |
101 | Prince of Wales Island | 6675 | 2577 | |
102 | Kerguelen main island (Desolation Island) | 6617 | 2577 | |
103 | East Falkland | 6605 | 2550 | |
104 | Siple Island | 6390 | 2500 | |
105 | Graham Island | 6361 | 2456 | |
106 | Novaya Sibir | 6201 | 2394 | |
107 | Melville Island | 5765 | 2234 | |
108 | Prince Edward Island | 5620 | 2170 | |
109 | Vanua Levu | 5587 | 2137 | |
110 | Wellington | 5556 | 2145 | |
111 | Coats Island | 5498 | 2123 | |
112 | Bali | 5416 | 2147 | |
113 | Chichagof Island | 5388 | 2080 | |
114 | Guadalcanal | 5353 | 2047 | |
115 | Amund Ringnes | 5255 | 2029 | |
116 | Bolshoy Lyakhovsky | 5157 | 1776 | |
117 | St. Lawrence Island | 5135 | 1983 | |
118 | Riesco | 5110 | 1973 | |
119 | Mackenzie King Island | 5048 | 1949 | |
120 | Trinidad | 5009 | 1864 | |
121 | Caviana | 5000 | 1930 | |
122 | Kolguyev | 4968 | ||
123 | Edgeøya | 4940 | 1942 | |
124 | Gurupá | 4864 | 1878 | |
125 | Isabela | 4711 | 1790 | |
126 | Vendsyssel-Thy | 4685 | 1809 | |
127 | Lombok | 4625 | 2098 | |
128 | West Falkland | 4531 | 1750 | |
129 | Belitung | 4478 | 1853 | |
130 | Cebu | 4468 | 1707 | |
131 | Adelaide Island | 4463 | ||
132 | Stefansson Island | 4463 | 1723 | |
133 | Madura | 4429 | 2042 | |
134 | Butung | 4408 | 1620 | |
135 | Kangaroo Island | 4374 | 1705 | |
136 | Admiralty Island | 4362 | 1684 | |
137 | Nunivak Island | 4209 | 1625 | |
138 | Unimak Island | 4119 | 1590 | |
139 | Hoste | 4117 | 1590 | |
140 | Spaatz Island | 4100 | 1600 | |
141 | Baranof Island | 4064 | 1569 | |
142 | Nias | 4048 | 1569 | |
143 | Espiritu Santo | 3956 | 1420 | |
144 | Milne Land | 3913 | 1511 | |
145 | Malaita | 3836 | 1572 | |
146 | Siberut | 3828 | 1470 | |
147 | Bohol | 3821 | 1492 | |
148 | South Georgia | 3718 | 1450 | |
149 | Euboea | 3707 | 1411 | |
150 | Santa Inés | 3688 | 1407 | |
151 | Majorca | 3667 | 1405 | |
152 | Santa Isabel | 3665 | 1460 | |
153 | Long Island of New York | 3629 | 1401 | |
154 | Socotra | 3607 | 1382 | |
155 | Wetar | 3600 | 1400 | |
156 | Traill | 3542 | 1367 | |
157 | Bear Island | 3500 | 1300 | |
158 | North Andros Island | 3439 | 1328 | |
159 | Vaygach | 3329 | 1306 | |
160 | Masbate | 3268 | 1262 | |
161 | Iturup (Etorofu) | 3238 | 1212 | |
162 | San Cristobal | 3190 | 1206 | |
163 | Mansel Island | 3180 | 1228 | |
164 | Waigeo | 3154 | 1180 | |
165 | Yamdena | 3100 | 1200 | |
166 | Gotland | 3027 | 1159 | |
167 | Fyn | 3012 | 1153 | |
168 | Akimiski Island | 3001 | 1159 | |
169 | Choiseul | 2971 | 1145 | |
170 | Revillagigedo Island | 2965 | 1145 | |
171 | Guest Island | 2950 | 1139 | |
172 | Taliabu | 2913 | 1120 | |
173 | Muna | 2889 | 1124 | |
174 | Zemlya Georga | 2821 | 1070 | |
175 | Kupreanof Island | 2813 | 1086 | |
176 | Borden Island | 2794 | 1079 | |
177 | North Andaman Island | 2781 | 1074 | |
178 | Manitoulin Island | 2766 | 1068 | |
179 | Unalaska Island | 2722 | 1051 | |
180 | Saaremaa | 2672 | 1032 | |
181 | Moresby Island | 2608 | 1007 | |
182 | James Ross Island | 2598 | 1004 | |
183 | Obi Island | 2542 | 981 | |
184 | Réunion | 2535 | 970 | |
185 | Navarino | 2473 | 955 | |
186 | Paramushir | 2471 | 954 | |
187 | Ross Island | 2460 | 950 | |
188 | Ymer Island | 2437 | 941 | |
189 | Anvers Island | 2432 | 939 | |
190 | Cornwall Island | 2358 | 872 | |
191 | Peleng | 2345 | 905 | |
192 | Groote Eylandt | 2285 | 882 | |
193 | Yapen | 2278 | 880 | |
194 | Morotai | 2266 | 875 | |
195 | Princess Royal Island | 2251 | 869 | |
196 | Juventud | 2237 | 864 | |
197 | Hinnøya | 2198 | 849 | |
198 | Nelson Island | 2183 | 843 | |
199 | Lewis and Harris | 2179 | 841 | |
200 | Richards Island | 2165 | 836 | |
201 | Margarita Island (Colombia) | 2100 | 811 | |
202 | Malakula | 2041 | 788 | |
203 | Tenerife | 2034 | 785 | |
204 | Magdalena Island | 2025 | 782 | |
205 | René-Levasseur | 2020 | 780 | |
206 | Bioko | 2017 | 779 | |
207 | Kuiu Island | 1962 | 758 | |
208 | Biak | 1904 | 735 | |
209 | Maui | 1888 | 729 | |
210 | Mauritius | 1836 | 709 | |
211 | Jeju-do | 1825 | 705 | |
212 | Afognak | 1809 | 698 | |
213 | Umnak | 1793 | 692 | |
214 | Stewart Island/Rakiura | 1746 | 674 | |
215 | Air Force Island | 1720 | 664 | |
216 | Savaii | 1708 | 659 | |
217 | Bathurst Island (Australia) | 1693 | 654 | |
218 | Fuerteventura | 1660 | 641 | |
219 | Zanzibar | 1658 | 640 | |
220 | Skye | 1656 | 639 | |
221 | Fraser Island | 1653 | 638 | |
222 | Soisalo | 1635 | 631 | |
223 | Lesbos | 1630 | 629 | |
224 | Oahu | 1600 | 618 | |
225 | Senja | 1586 | 612 | |
226 | Dakhin Shahbazpur | 1585 | 612 | |
227 | Flaherty Island | 1585 | 612 | |
228 | Gran Canaria | 1560 | 602 | |
229 | Great Inagua | 1544 | 596 | |
230 | Eglinton Island | 1541 | 594 | |
231 | Middle Andaman Island | 1536 | 593 | |
232 | Retea | 1480 | 571 | |
233 | South Andros Island | 1448 | 559 | |
234 | Kauai | 1446 | 558 | |
235 | Rhodes | 1398 | 540 | |
236 | Graham Island Nunavut | 1378 | 532 | |
237 | Pitt Island (Canada) | 1375 | 531 | |
238 | Nottingham Island | 1372 | 530 | |
239 | Flinders Island | 1359 | 525 | |
240 | Ramree Island | 1350 | 521 | |
241 | Öland | 1342 | 518 | |
242 | Qeshm | 1336 | 516 | |
243 | Lougheed Island | 1308 | 505 | |
244 | Barents Island | 1288 | 497 | |
245 | Morfil | 1250 | 483 | |
246 | Lolland | 1243 | 480 | |
247 | Okinawa Island | 1206 | 466 | |
248 | Tiburón Island | 1200 | 464 | |
249 | Njazidja (Grande Comore) | 1158 | 447 | |
250 | Byam Martin Island | 1150 | 444 | |
251 | Great Abaco | 1146 | 442 | |
252 | Wales Island | 1137 | 439 | |
253 | Île Vanier | 1126 | 435 | |
254 | Martinique | 1101 | 425 | |
255 | Grand Bahama | 1096 | 423 | |
256 | King Island | 1091 | 421 | |
257 | Rowley Island | 1090 | 421 | |
258 | Isla Margarita | 1072 | 414 | |
259 | Atka Island | 1061 | 410 | |
260 | Cameron Island | 1059 | 409 | |
261 | Great Nicobar | 1045 | 403 | |
262 | Tahiti | 1042 | 402 | |
263 | Chongming | 1041 | 402 | |
264 | Resolution Island (Nunavut) | 1015 | 392 | |
265 | Åland Main Island | 1010 | 394 | |
266 | Mornington Island | 1002 | 387 | |
267 | Santiago | 991 | 383 | |
268 | Hiiumaa | 989 | 382 | |
269 | Pemba | 982 | 379 | |
270 | Shetland Mainland | 969 | 374 | |
271 | Rügen | 926 | 358 | |
272 | Isla Ángel de la Guarda | 931 | 360 | |
273 | Efate | 900 | 347 | |
274 | Attu Island | 896 | 346 | |
275 | Erromango | 888 | 343 | |
276 | Isle of Mull | 875 | 338 | |
277 | Etolin Island | 870 | 336 | |
278 | Jolo | 869 | 335 | |
279 | Sado Island | 857 | 331 | |
280 | Basse-Terre de la Guadeloupe | 847 | 327 | |
281 | Lanzarote | 846 | 327 | |
282 | São Tomé | 845 | 326 | |
283 | Chios | 842 | 324 | |
284 | Montague Island | 815 | 315 | |
285 | Ambon | 806 | 311 | |
286 | Santo Antão | 787 | 304 | |
287 | Kefalonia | 781 | 301 | |
288 | São Miguel Island | 754 | 291 | |
289 | Dominica | 749 | 289 | |
290 | Madeira Island | 741 | 286 | |
291 | Little Andaman | 739 | 285 | |
292 | Olkhon | 730 | 282 | |
293 | Adak Island | 725 | 280 | |
294 | Anglesey | 714 | 276 | |
295 | La Palma | 706 | 273 | |
296 | Gonâve | 700 | 270 | |
297 | Singapore | 697 | 269 | |
298 | Minorca | 694 | 268 | |
299 | Bubiyan | 683 | 264 | |
300 | Ambrym | 678 | 262 | |
301 | Molokai | 676 | 261 | |
302 | Dall Island | 655 | 253 | |
303 | Boa Vista | 634 | 245 | |
304 | Pulau Samosir | 630 | 243 | |
305 | Saint Lucia | 622 | 240 | |
306 | Islay | 620 | 239 | |
307 | Dirk Hartog Island | 620 | 239 | |
308 | Awaji Island | 593 | 229 | |
309 | Corfu | 592 | 229 | |
310 | Grande-Terre | 591 | 228 | |
311 | Bahrain Main Island | 572 | 221 | |
312 | Isle of Man | 572 | 221 | |
313 | Ibiza | 571 | 220 | |
314 | Wrangell Island | 560 | 216 | |
315 | Tanna | 555 | 214 | |
316 | Mitkof Island | 546 | 211 | |
317 | Phuket | 543 | 210 | |
318 | Isla de los Estados | 541 | 209 | |
319 | Guam | 541 | 209 | |
320 | Isle Royale | 541 | 209 | |
321 | Long Island | 538 | 208 | |
322 | Isla del Coco | 532 | 205 | |
323 | Santa Catarina | 523 | 202 | |
324 | Orkney Mainland | 523 | 202 | |
325 | Phu Quoc | 515 | 199 | |
326 | Djerba | 510 | 197 | |
327 | Acklins | 508 | 196 | |
328 | Sumba | 500 | 193 | |
329 | Pentecost Island | 491 | 190 | |
330 | Cozumel | 490 | 189 | |
331 | Komodo | 479 | 185 | |
332 | Samos | 476 | 184 | |
333 | Lemnos | 476 | 184 | |
334 | Fogo | 475 | 183 | |
335 | Sebatik | 452 | 174 | |
336 | Epi | 445 | 172 | |
337 | Curaçao | 444 | 171 | |
338 | Banggi | 441 | 170 | |
339 | Whidbey Island | 437 | 169 | |
340 | Pico Island | 433 | 167 | |
341 | Isle of Arran | 432 | 167 | |
342 | Barbados | 430 | 166 | |
343 | Naxos | 428 | 168 | |
344 | Zakynthos | 406 | 158 | |
345 | Cres | 405 | 158 | |
346 | Krk | 405 | 158 | |
347 | Terceira | 396 | 153 | |
348 | Kiritimati | 388 | 150 | |
349 | Cat Island | 386 | 149 | |
350 | Isle of Wight | 381 | 147 | |
351 | Jan Mayen | 380 | 147 | |
352 | Andros | 380 | 147 | |
353 | Thasos | 378 | 146 | |
354 | Heard Island | 378 | 146 | |
355 | Streymoy | 374 | 144 | |
356 | Hinchinbrook Island | 374 | 144 | |
357 | Babeldaob | 370 | 143 | |
358 | Jura | 367 | 142 | |
359 | Lanai | 366 | 141 | |
360 | Island of Montreal | ±366 | ±140 | |
361 | Langkawi | 363 | 140 | |
362 | Mayotte | 355 | 137 | |
363 | São Nicolau | 352 | 136 | |
364 | Saint Vincent | 345 | 133 | |
365 | Pohnpei | 334 | 129 | |
366 | Nosy Be | 321 | 125 | |
367 | South Uist | 320 | 124 | |
368 | Grenada | 311 | 120 | |
369 | Lefkada | 303 | 117 | |
370 | North Uist | 303 | 117 | |
371 | Karpathos | 301 | 116 | |
372 | Tobago | 300 | 116 | |
373 | Penang | 295 | 113 | |
374 | Mayaguana | 293 | 113 | |
375 | Kos | 290 | 112 | |
376 | Gökçeada | 289 | 111 | |
377 | Eysturoy | 286 | 110 | |
378 | Bonaire | 283 | 109 | |
379 | Crooked Island | 282 | 109 | |
380 | Antigua | 280 | 108 | |
381 | Maio | 279 | 108 | |
382 | El Hierro | 278 | 107 | |
383 | Cythera | 278 | 107 | |
384 | Ometepe | 276 | 106 | |
385 | Tongatapu | 259 | 100 | |
386 | Icaria | 255 | 98 | |
387 | Malta | 246 | 95 | |
388 | Martha's Vineyard | 236 | 91 | |
389 | São Vicente | 232 | 90 | |
390 | Elba | 224 | 86 | |
391 | Sal | 222 | 86 | |
392 | New Providence | 215 | 83 | |
393 | Miquelon | 215 | 83 | |
394 | Saint Croix | 212 | 82 | |
395 | Yell | 212 | 82 | |
396 | Scyros | 209 | 81 | |
397 | Muhu | 206 | 80 | |
398 | Great Exuma Island | 204 | 79 | |
399 | Barrow Island | 202 | 78 | |
400 | Grand Cayman | 197 | 76 | |
401 | Tinos | 195 | 75 | |
402 | Paros | 194 | 74 | |
403 | Santa Catalina Island | 194 | 75 | |
404 | Aruba | 193 | 75 | |
405 | Niihau | 186 | 72 | |
406 | Fehmarn | 185 | 71 | |
407 | Saltspring Island | 182 | 70 | |
408 | Mbamu | 180 | 69.5 | |
409 | Saipan | 180 | 69 | |
410 | Prince of Wales Island (Muralag) | 180 | 69 | |
411 | Samothrace | 178 | 69 | |
412 | Vágar | 176 | 68 | |
413 | Saint Kitts | 168 | 68 | |
414 | Easter Island | 164 | 63 | |
415 | Suðuroy | 163 | 63 | |
416 | San Salvador Island | 162 | 63 | |
417 | Barbuda | 161 | 62 | |
418 | Staten Island | 153 | 59 | |
419 | Melos | 151 | 58 | |
420 | Nantucket | 148 | 57 | |
421 | Lantau Island | 146.4 | 56.5 | |
422 | Quemoy | 145 | 56 | |
423 | Mahé | 145 | 56 | |
424 | Beaver Island | 144.6 | 55.8 | |
425 | Principe | 136 | 52.5 | |
426 | Christmas Island | 135 | 52 | |
427 | Tutuila | 135 | 52 | |
428 | Tioman | 134 | 52 | |
429 | Kea | 131 | 52 | |
430 | Aldabra | 129 | 50 | |
431 | Little Inagua | 126 | 49 | |
432 | Sandoy | 125 | 48 | |
433 | Montserrat | 124 | 48 | |
434 | Saint Helena | 122 | 47 | |
435 | Amorgos | 121 | 47 | |
436 | Marmara Adasi | 117 | 45 | |
437 | Kahoolawe | 117 | 45 | |
438 | Jersey | 116 | 45 | |
439 | Kalimnos | 111 | 43 | |
440 | Ios | 108 | 41 | |
441 | Vava'u | 104 | 40 | |
442 | Anguilla | 102 | 39.4 | |
443 | Aquidneck Island | 101 | 39 | |
444 | Kithnos | 99 | 38 | |
445 | St. Martin | 98 | 38 | |
446 | Astypalaia | 97 | 38 | |
447 | Borðoy | 95 | 37 | |
448 | Salamis | 95 | 37 | |
449 | Skopelos | 94 | 37 | |
450 | Sheppey | 94 | 36 | |
451 | Ithaki | 93 | 36 | |
452 | Vormsi | 92 | 36 | |
453 | Nevis | 92 | 36 | |
454 | Myconos | 86 | 34 | |
455 | Sauvie Island | 85 | 33 | |
456 | Aegina | 84 | 33 | |
457 | Syros | 84 | 33 | |
458 | Santorini | 83 | 32 | |
459 | Hong Kong Island | 80.4 | 31 | |
460 | Labuan | 75 | 30 | |
461 | Serifos | 73 | 29 | |
462 | Sifnos | 73 | 29 | |
463 | Saint Thomas | 69.7 | 26.9 | |
464 | Formentera | 69 | 27 | |
465 | Leros | 68 | 27 | |
466 | Kassos | 66 | 26 | |
467 | Alonnisos | 64 | 25 | |
468 | Tilos | 63 | 25 | |
469 | Manhattan | 60 | 23 | |
470 | Symi | 54 | 21 | |
471 | Bermuda | 53 | 21 | |
472 | Hydra | 51 | 20 | |
473 | Saint John | 50 | 19 | |
474 | Skiathos | 48 | 18 | |
475 | Psara | 45 | 17 | |
476 | Agios Efstratios | 43 | 16 | |
477 | Nisyros | 43 | 16 | |
478 | Bozcaada | 42 | 16.2 | |
479 | Sikinos | 41 | 16 | |
480 | Viðoy | 40.4 | 15.6 | |
481 | Anafi | 38 | 15 | |
482 | Kimolos | 36 | 14 | |
483 | Kunoy | 35.1 | 13.5 | |
484 | Antiparos | 35 | 13 | |
485 | Norfolk Island | 34.6 | 13.4 | |
486 | Patmos | 34 | 13 | |
487 | Carriacou | 34 | 13 | |
488 | Folegandros | 32 | 12 | |
489 | Fournoi | 31 | 12 | |
490 | Kalsoy | 30.4 | 11.7 | |
491 | Tromøy | 29 | 11.2 | |
492 | Halki | 28 | 11 | |
493 | Svínoy | 27.1 | 10.5 | |
494 | Hayling Island | 27 | 10 | |
495 | Foulness Island | 26 | 10 | |
496 | Saint-Pierre | 25 | 9.6 | |
497 | Kyra Panagia | 25 | 9.6 | |
498 | Portsea Island | 24 | 9.5 | |
499 | Spetses | 22 | 8.5 | |
500 | Nauru | 21 | 8.1 | |
501 | Poros | 21 | 8.1 | |
502 | Saria | 21 | 8.1 | |
503 | St. Barths | 21 | 8.1 | |
504 | Statia (Sint Eustatius) | 21 | 8.1 | |
505 | Antikythera | 20 | 8 | |
506 | Chouteau | 20 | 8 | |
507 | Paxi | 20 | 8 | |
508 | Bequia | 18 | 7 | |
509 | Iraklia | 18 | 7 | |
510 | Makronissos | 18 | 7 | |
511 | Gyaros | 17 | 7 | |
512 | Polyaigos | 17 | 7 | |
513 | Kihnu | 16.4 | 6.3 | |
514 | Keros | 15 | 6 | |
515 | Pserimos | 15 | 6 | |
516 | Agathonissi | 14 | 6 | |
517 | Oinousses | 14 | 6 | |
518 | Peristera | 14 | 6 | |
519 | Rhineia | 14 | 6 | |
520 | Donoussa | 13 | 5 | |
521 | Heimaey | 13 | 5 | |
522 | Leipsoi | 13 | 5 | |
523 | Saba | 13 | 5 | |
524 | Ruhnu | 11.9 | 4.59 | |
525 | Fugloy | 11 | 4 | |
526 | Gioura | 11 | 4 | |
527 | Nólsoy | 10.3 | 4 | |
528 | Mykines | 10 | 4 | |
529 | Othonoi | 10 | 4 | |
530 | Thymaina | 10 | 4 | |
531 | Skúvoy | 9.8 | 3.8 | |
532 | Thirasia | 9.3 | 4 | |
533 | Mackinac Island | 9.8 | 3.8 | |
534 | Union Island | 9 | 3.5 | |
535 | Kastellorizo | 9 | 3.5 | |
536 | Hrísey | 8 | 3 | |
537 | Levitha | 8 | 3 | |
538 | Arkoi | 8 | 3 | |
539 | Schoinoussa | 8 | 3 | |
540 | Canouan | 7.5 | 3 | |
541 | Alimia | 7 | 3 | |
542 | Hestur | 5.9 | 2.3 | |
543 | Büyükada | 5.4 | 2 | |
544 | Grímsey | 5.3 | 2 | |
545 | Mustique | 5 | 1.9 | |
546 | Delos | 3.4 | 1 | |
547 | Stóra Dímun | 2.7 | 1 | |
548 | Funafuti | 2.3 | 0.9 | |
549 | Valentia Island | 33 | 12 | |
550 | Koltur | 2.3 | 0.9 | |
551 | Malé | 1.81 | 0.7 | |
552 | Lítla Dímun | 0.8 | 0.3 |
With one land/water boundary defined, the second definition should be the land between any two rivers. To add complexity and ensure evolutive potential, mountains, or deserts, or other landform will be another secondary boundary, overlapping with the rivers' source "point". For this, a list of rivers following the compass directions seems desirable.
Visions of cities throughout history and across the globe, pulsating with the projection of power towards each other, are dancing in my head. These visions must be digitally captured, programmatically generated. Let's start with a definition: the settlement of a people. Choosing some arbitrarily long date, 12,007 years ago, or, if not mathematically accurate, then by definition 10,000 BC(E) will be our starting point, the new year 0. Future program references will be in this absolute (and arbitrary) timeframe. So for the first 7,000-8,000 years under consideration, walled settlements (the first type more advanced than tents, perhaps) began to be experimented with, while they fell under the occassional, and inevitable, raids from neighboring unsettled peoples. I've tried to make that as abstract as possible, as it roughly mirrors the definition of civilized and barbarian. I can't imagine all the neighbors were on violent terms; surely some cities had some neighbors who traded peacefully while retained a semi-nomadic/hunting-gathering lifestyle.
But, one by one, cities sprouted up for various lengths of time, until they finally invented reading and writing. Now, for the next 4,007-5,007 years, we have an incredibly dirty reflection (in the forms of historical texts and archaeological evidence) of the events of the days. So, let the cities project power over their countrysides, and each other....
This is a list of 110 states, nations, or empires that jumped out at me as I did a preliminary survey of the history of human civilization (or what I like to call: domesticated humans). They're roughly organized by region and date of founding, although my subjective definitions of any particular regions were made mostly on whims, and my demarcation years will certainly be debatable.
North Africa (Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Algeria, Morocco) (6):
West Africa (Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and coastal countries) (12):
Central Africa (Chad, Cameroon, Congo) (7):
Southern Africa (Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa) (2):
East Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania) (0)
Western Europe (15):
Eastern Europe (7):
Greater Southwest Asia (25):
Central Asia (7):
South Asia (12):
Southeast Asia (17):
East Asia (14):
North and Central Americas (8):
South America (9):
Year | West Africa | Northeast Africa | South Africa | Mesopo- tamia | Greater Iran | East Europe | West Europe | Central Asia | South Asia | Southeast Asia | East Asia | North and Central America | South America |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5300 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
5200 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
5100 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
5000 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4900 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4800 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4700 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4600 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4500 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4400 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4300 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4200 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4100 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4000 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3900 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3800 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3700 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3600 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3500 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3400 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3300 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3200 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3100 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3000 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
2900 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
2800 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
2700 BC | Sumer | Elam | |||||||||||
2600 BC | Sumer | Elam | |||||||||||
2500 BC | Sumer, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
2400 BC | Sumer, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
2300 BC | Sumer, Hurrians, Akkadian Empire | Elam | |||||||||||
2200 BC | Sumer, Hurrians, Akkadian Empire | Elam | |||||||||||
2100 BC | Sumer, Hurrians, Akkadian Empire | Elam | |||||||||||
2000 BC | Sumer, Assyria, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
1900 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
1800 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1700 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1600 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1500 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1400 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1300 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1200 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1100 BC | Assyria, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1000 BC | Assyria, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
900 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam | |||||||||||
800 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam | |||||||||||
700 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam, Median Empire | |||||||||||
600 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam, Median Empire | |||||||||||
500 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Neo-Babylonia | Achaemenid Empire, Elam, Median Empire | ||||||||||
475 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
450 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
425 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
400 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
375 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
350 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
325 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
300 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
275 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
250 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
225 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
200 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
175 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
150 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
125 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
100 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
75 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
50 BC | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
25 BC | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
1 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
25 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
50 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
75 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
00 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
125 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
150 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
175 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
200 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
225 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
250 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
275 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
300 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
325 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
350 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
375 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
400 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
425 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
450 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
475 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
500 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
525 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
550 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
575 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
600 | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | ||||||||||
625 | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | ||||||||||
650 | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | ||||||||||
675 | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | ||||||||||
700 | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | ||||||||||
725 | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | ||||||||||
750 | Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
775 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
800 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
825 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
850 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
875 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
900 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
925 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
950 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
975 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire | ||||||||||
1000 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire | ||||||||||
1025 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire | ||||||||||
1050 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1075 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1100 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1125 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1150 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1175 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1200 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1225 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1250 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | ||||||||||
1275 | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | |||||||||||
1300 | Ottoman Empire | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate, Ottoman Empire | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1325 | Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate, Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1350 | Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate, Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1375 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1400 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1425 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1450 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1475 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1500 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1525 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1550 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1575 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1600 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1625 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1650 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1675 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1700 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1725 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1750 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1775 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1800 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1825 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1850 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1875 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1900 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1925 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1950 | |||||||||||||
1975 | |||||||||||||
2000 |
I'm still trying to come up with the foundational conceptual functions of this program. I think I'll have to spend time moving in the direction of defining a multitude of geographic regions.
First, coastlines need to be defined. That is, what are the series of x,y (or long/lat) coords that coorespond to the coastline of the following islands:
Rank | Name | Area (km²) |
Area (sq mi) |
# of major cities |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Africa-Eurasia | 84000000 | 32000000 | |
2 | Americas | 41000000 | 16000000 | |
3 | Antarctica | 13000000 | 5000000 | |
4 | Australia | 7600000 | 2900000 | |
5 | Greenland | 2130800 | 822706 | |
6 | New Guinea | 785753 | 303381 | |
7 | Borneo | 748168 | 288869 | |
8 | Madagascar | 587713 | 226917 | |
9 | Baffin Island | 507451 | 195928 | |
10 | Sumatra | 443066 | 171069 | |
11 | Honshu | 225800 | 87182 | |
12 | Great Britain | 218595 | 84400 | |
13 | Victoria Island (Canada) | 217291 | 83897 | |
14 | Ellesmere Island | 196236 | 75767 | |
15 | Sulawesi | 180681 | 69761 | |
16 | South Island of New Zealand | 145836 | 56308 | |
17 | Java | 138794 | 53589 | |
18 | North Island of New Zealand | 111583 | 43082 | |
19 | Luzon | 109965 | 42458 | |
20 | Newfoundland | 108860 | 42031 | |
21 | Cuba main island | 105806 | 40852 | |
22 | Iceland main island | 101826 | 39315 | |
23 | Mindanao | 97530 | 36657 | |
24 | Ireland | 81638 | 31521 | |
25 | Hokkaido | 78719 | 30394 | |
26 | Hispaniola | 73929 | 28544 | |
27 | Sakhalin | 72493 | 28376 | |
28 | Banks Island | 70028 | 27038 | |
29 | Sri Lanka main island | 65268 | 25200 | |
30 | Tasmania's Main Island | 64519 | 24911 | |
31 | Devon Island | 55247 | 21331 | |
32 | Alexander Island | 49070 | 18946 | |
33 | Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego | 47401 | 18302 | |
34 | Northern Island (Ostrov Severny) of Novaya Zemlya | 47079 | 18177 | |
35 | Berkner Island | 43873 | 16939 | |
36 | Axel Heiberg Island | 43178 | 16671 | |
37 | Melville Island | 42149 | 16274 | |
38 | Southampton Island | 41214 | 15913 | |
39 | Marajó | 40100 | 15483 | |
40 | Spitsbergen | 38981 | 15051 | |
41 | Kyushu | 37437 | 14455 | |
42 | New Britain | 35145 | 13570 | |
43 | Taiwan | 34507 | 13323 | |
44 | Prince of Wales Island | 33339 | 12872 | |
45 | Southern Island (Ostrov Yuzhny) of Novaya Zemlya | 33246 | 12836 | |
46 | Hainan | 33210 | 12822 | |
47 | Vancouver Island | 31285 | 12079 | |
48 | Timor | 28418 | 10972 | |
49 | Sicily | 25662 | 9908 | |
50 | Somerset Island | 24786 | 9570 | |
51 | Kotelny / Faddeyesky | 24000 | 9266 | |
52 | Sardinia | 23949 | 9247 | |
53 | Bananal | 20000 | 7722 | |
54 | Shikoku | 18545 | 7160 | |
55 | Halmahera | 18040 | 6865 | |
56 | Ceram | 17454 | 6621 | |
57 | Main island of New Caledonia | 16648 | 6467 | |
58 | Bathurst Island | 16042 | 6194 | |
59 | Prince Patrick Island | 15848 | 6119 | |
60 | Thurston Island | 15700 | 6050 | |
61 | Sumbawa | 14386 | 5965 | |
62 | Nordaustlandet | 14247 | 5486 | |
63 | Oktyabrskoy Revolyutsii | 14204 | 5471 | |
64 | Flores | 14154 | 5520 | |
65 | King William Island | 13111 | 5062 | |
66 | Negros | 13074 | 4906 | |
67 | Samar | 12849 | 5050 | |
68 | Palawan | 12189 | 4550 | |
69 | Panay | 12011 | 4446 | |
70 | Tupinambarana | 11850 | 4550 | |
71 | Yos Sudarso | 11742 | 4500 | |
72 | Bangka | 11413 | 4375 | |
73 | Ellef Ringnes Island | 11295 | 4361 | |
74 | Bolshevik | 11206 | 4368 | |
75 | Jamaica | 11190 | 4244 | |
76 | Bylot Island | 11067 | 4273 | |
77 | Sumba | 10711 | 4306 | |
78 | Mindoro | 10572 | 3759 | |
79 | Viti Levu | 10531 | 4011 | |
80 | Big Island of Hawai'i | 10434 | 4021 | |
81 | Cape Breton Island | 10311 | 3981 | |
82 | Prince Charles Island | 9521 | 3676 | |
83 | Bougainville | 9318 | 3880 | |
84 | Kodiak Island | 9293 | 3588 | |
85 | Cyprus | 9234 | 3572 | |
86 | Puerto Rico | 9100 | 3435 | |
87 | Komsomolets Island | 8812 | 3477 | |
88 | Corsica | 8741 | 3351 | |
89 | Qeqertarsuaq (Disko) | 8612 | 3312 | |
90 | Carney Island | 8500 | 3300 | |
91 | Chiloé | 8478 | 3241 | |
92 | Buru | 8473 | 3670 | |
93 | Crete | 8350 | 3190 | |
94 | Anticosti | 7941 | 3066 | |
95 | Roosevelt Island | 7910 | 2900 | |
96 | Wrangel (Vrangelya) | 7866 | 3030 | |
97 | New Ireland | 7404 | 3344 | |
98 | Leyte | 7368 | 2785 | |
99 | Sjælland | 7180 | 2715 | |
100 | Cornwallis Island | 6995 | 2701 | |
101 | Prince of Wales Island | 6675 | 2577 | |
102 | Kerguelen main island (Desolation Island) | 6617 | 2577 | |
103 | East Falkland | 6605 | 2550 | |
104 | Siple Island | 6390 | 2500 | |
105 | Graham Island | 6361 | 2456 | |
106 | Novaya Sibir | 6201 | 2394 | |
107 | Melville Island | 5765 | 2234 | |
108 | Prince Edward Island | 5620 | 2170 | |
109 | Vanua Levu | 5587 | 2137 | |
110 | Wellington | 5556 | 2145 | |
111 | Coats Island | 5498 | 2123 | |
112 | Bali | 5416 | 2147 | |
113 | Chichagof Island | 5388 | 2080 | |
114 | Guadalcanal | 5353 | 2047 | |
115 | Amund Ringnes | 5255 | 2029 | |
116 | Bolshoy Lyakhovsky | 5157 | 1776 | |
117 | St. Lawrence Island | 5135 | 1983 | |
118 | Riesco | 5110 | 1973 | |
119 | Mackenzie King Island | 5048 | 1949 | |
120 | Trinidad | 5009 | 1864 | |
121 | Caviana | 5000 | 1930 | |
122 | Kolguyev | 4968 | ||
123 | Edgeøya | 4940 | 1942 | |
124 | Gurupá | 4864 | 1878 | |
125 | Isabela | 4711 | 1790 | |
126 | Vendsyssel-Thy | 4685 | 1809 | |
127 | Lombok | 4625 | 2098 | |
128 | West Falkland | 4531 | 1750 | |
129 | Belitung | 4478 | 1853 | |
130 | Cebu | 4468 | 1707 | |
131 | Adelaide Island | 4463 | ||
132 | Stefansson Island | 4463 | 1723 | |
133 | Madura | 4429 | 2042 | |
134 | Butung | 4408 | 1620 | |
135 | Kangaroo Island | 4374 | 1705 | |
136 | Admiralty Island | 4362 | 1684 | |
137 | Nunivak Island | 4209 | 1625 | |
138 | Unimak Island | 4119 | 1590 | |
139 | Hoste | 4117 | 1590 | |
140 | Spaatz Island | 4100 | 1600 | |
141 | Baranof Island | 4064 | 1569 | |
142 | Nias | 4048 | 1569 | |
143 | Espiritu Santo | 3956 | 1420 | |
144 | Milne Land | 3913 | 1511 | |
145 | Malaita | 3836 | 1572 | |
146 | Siberut | 3828 | 1470 | |
147 | Bohol | 3821 | 1492 | |
148 | South Georgia | 3718 | 1450 | |
149 | Euboea | 3707 | 1411 | |
150 | Santa Inés | 3688 | 1407 | |
151 | Majorca | 3667 | 1405 | |
152 | Santa Isabel | 3665 | 1460 | |
153 | Long Island of New York | 3629 | 1401 | |
154 | Socotra | 3607 | 1382 | |
155 | Wetar | 3600 | 1400 | |
156 | Traill | 3542 | 1367 | |
157 | Bear Island | 3500 | 1300 | |
158 | North Andros Island | 3439 | 1328 | |
159 | Vaygach | 3329 | 1306 | |
160 | Masbate | 3268 | 1262 | |
161 | Iturup (Etorofu) | 3238 | 1212 | |
162 | San Cristobal | 3190 | 1206 | |
163 | Mansel Island | 3180 | 1228 | |
164 | Waigeo | 3154 | 1180 | |
165 | Yamdena | 3100 | 1200 | |
166 | Gotland | 3027 | 1159 | |
167 | Fyn | 3012 | 1153 | |
168 | Akimiski Island | 3001 | 1159 | |
169 | Choiseul | 2971 | 1145 | |
170 | Revillagigedo Island | 2965 | 1145 | |
171 | Guest Island | 2950 | 1139 | |
172 | Taliabu | 2913 | 1120 | |
173 | Muna | 2889 | 1124 | |
174 | Zemlya Georga | 2821 | 1070 | |
175 | Kupreanof Island | 2813 | 1086 | |
176 | Borden Island | 2794 | 1079 | |
177 | North Andaman Island | 2781 | 1074 | |
178 | Manitoulin Island | 2766 | 1068 | |
179 | Unalaska Island | 2722 | 1051 | |
180 | Saaremaa | 2672 | 1032 | |
181 | Moresby Island | 2608 | 1007 | |
182 | James Ross Island | 2598 | 1004 | |
183 | Obi Island | 2542 | 981 | |
184 | Réunion | 2535 | 970 | |
185 | Navarino | 2473 | 955 | |
186 | Paramushir | 2471 | 954 | |
187 | Ross Island | 2460 | 950 | |
188 | Ymer Island | 2437 | 941 | |
189 | Anvers Island | 2432 | 939 | |
190 | Cornwall Island | 2358 | 872 | |
191 | Peleng | 2345 | 905 | |
192 | Groote Eylandt | 2285 | 882 | |
193 | Yapen | 2278 | 880 | |
194 | Morotai | 2266 | 875 | |
195 | Princess Royal Island | 2251 | 869 | |
196 | Juventud | 2237 | 864 | |
197 | Hinnøya | 2198 | 849 | |
198 | Nelson Island | 2183 | 843 | |
199 | Lewis and Harris | 2179 | 841 | |
200 | Richards Island | 2165 | 836 | |
201 | Margarita Island (Colombia) | 2100 | 811 | |
202 | Malakula | 2041 | 788 | |
203 | Tenerife | 2034 | 785 | |
204 | Magdalena Island | 2025 | 782 | |
205 | René-Levasseur | 2020 | 780 | |
206 | Bioko | 2017 | 779 | |
207 | Kuiu Island | 1962 | 758 | |
208 | Biak | 1904 | 735 | |
209 | Maui | 1888 | 729 | |
210 | Mauritius | 1836 | 709 | |
211 | Jeju-do | 1825 | 705 | |
212 | Afognak | 1809 | 698 | |
213 | Umnak | 1793 | 692 | |
214 | Stewart Island/Rakiura | 1746 | 674 | |
215 | Air Force Island | 1720 | 664 | |
216 | Savaii | 1708 | 659 | |
217 | Bathurst Island (Australia) | 1693 | 654 | |
218 | Fuerteventura | 1660 | 641 | |
219 | Zanzibar | 1658 | 640 | |
220 | Skye | 1656 | 639 | |
221 | Fraser Island | 1653 | 638 | |
222 | Soisalo | 1635 | 631 | |
223 | Lesbos | 1630 | 629 | |
224 | Oahu | 1600 | 618 | |
225 | Senja | 1586 | 612 | |
226 | Dakhin Shahbazpur | 1585 | 612 | |
227 | Flaherty Island | 1585 | 612 | |
228 | Gran Canaria | 1560 | 602 | |
229 | Great Inagua | 1544 | 596 | |
230 | Eglinton Island | 1541 | 594 | |
231 | Middle Andaman Island | 1536 | 593 | |
232 | Retea | 1480 | 571 | |
233 | South Andros Island | 1448 | 559 | |
234 | Kauai | 1446 | 558 | |
235 | Rhodes | 1398 | 540 | |
236 | Graham Island Nunavut | 1378 | 532 | |
237 | Pitt Island (Canada) | 1375 | 531 | |
238 | Nottingham Island | 1372 | 530 | |
239 | Flinders Island | 1359 | 525 | |
240 | Ramree Island | 1350 | 521 | |
241 | Öland | 1342 | 518 | |
242 | Qeshm | 1336 | 516 | |
243 | Lougheed Island | 1308 | 505 | |
244 | Barents Island | 1288 | 497 | |
245 | Morfil | 1250 | 483 | |
246 | Lolland | 1243 | 480 | |
247 | Okinawa Island | 1206 | 466 | |
248 | Tiburón Island | 1200 | 464 | |
249 | Njazidja (Grande Comore) | 1158 | 447 | |
250 | Byam Martin Island | 1150 | 444 | |
251 | Great Abaco | 1146 | 442 | |
252 | Wales Island | 1137 | 439 | |
253 | Île Vanier | 1126 | 435 | |
254 | Martinique | 1101 | 425 | |
255 | Grand Bahama | 1096 | 423 | |
256 | King Island | 1091 | 421 | |
257 | Rowley Island | 1090 | 421 | |
258 | Isla Margarita | 1072 | 414 | |
259 | Atka Island | 1061 | 410 | |
260 | Cameron Island | 1059 | 409 | |
261 | Great Nicobar | 1045 | 403 | |
262 | Tahiti | 1042 | 402 | |
263 | Chongming | 1041 | 402 | |
264 | Resolution Island (Nunavut) | 1015 | 392 | |
265 | Åland Main Island | 1010 | 394 | |
266 | Mornington Island | 1002 | 387 | |
267 | Santiago | 991 | 383 | |
268 | Hiiumaa | 989 | 382 | |
269 | Pemba | 982 | 379 | |
270 | Shetland Mainland | 969 | 374 | |
271 | Rügen | 926 | 358 | |
272 | Isla Ángel de la Guarda | 931 | 360 | |
273 | Efate | 900 | 347 | |
274 | Attu Island | 896 | 346 | |
275 | Erromango | 888 | 343 | |
276 | Isle of Mull | 875 | 338 | |
277 | Etolin Island | 870 | 336 | |
278 | Jolo | 869 | 335 | |
279 | Sado Island | 857 | 331 | |
280 | Basse-Terre de la Guadeloupe | 847 | 327 | |
281 | Lanzarote | 846 | 327 | |
282 | São Tomé | 845 | 326 | |
283 | Chios | 842 | 324 | |
284 | Montague Island | 815 | 315 | |
285 | Ambon | 806 | 311 | |
286 | Santo Antão | 787 | 304 | |
287 | Kefalonia | 781 | 301 | |
288 | São Miguel Island | 754 | 291 | |
289 | Dominica | 749 | 289 | |
290 | Madeira Island | 741 | 286 | |
291 | Little Andaman | 739 | 285 | |
292 | Olkhon | 730 | 282 | |
293 | Adak Island | 725 | 280 | |
294 | Anglesey | 714 | 276 | |
295 | La Palma | 706 | 273 | |
296 | Gonâve | 700 | 270 | |
297 | Singapore | 697 | 269 | |
298 | Minorca | 694 | 268 | |
299 | Bubiyan | 683 | 264 | |
300 | Ambrym | 678 | 262 | |
301 | Molokai | 676 | 261 | |
302 | Dall Island | 655 | 253 | |
303 | Boa Vista | 634 | 245 | |
304 | Pulau Samosir | 630 | 243 | |
305 | Saint Lucia | 622 | 240 | |
306 | Islay | 620 | 239 | |
307 | Dirk Hartog Island | 620 | 239 | |
308 | Awaji Island | 593 | 229 | |
309 | Corfu | 592 | 229 | |
310 | Grande-Terre | 591 | 228 | |
311 | Bahrain Main Island | 572 | 221 | |
312 | Isle of Man | 572 | 221 | |
313 | Ibiza | 571 | 220 | |
314 | Wrangell Island | 560 | 216 | |
315 | Tanna | 555 | 214 | |
316 | Mitkof Island | 546 | 211 | |
317 | Phuket | 543 | 210 | |
318 | Isla de los Estados | 541 | 209 | |
319 | Guam | 541 | 209 | |
320 | Isle Royale | 541 | 209 | |
321 | Long Island | 538 | 208 | |
322 | Isla del Coco | 532 | 205 | |
323 | Santa Catarina | 523 | 202 | |
324 | Orkney Mainland | 523 | 202 | |
325 | Phu Quoc | 515 | 199 | |
326 | Djerba | 510 | 197 | |
327 | Acklins | 508 | 196 | |
328 | Sumba | 500 | 193 | |
329 | Pentecost Island | 491 | 190 | |
330 | Cozumel | 490 | 189 | |
331 | Komodo | 479 | 185 | |
332 | Samos | 476 | 184 | |
333 | Lemnos | 476 | 184 | |
334 | Fogo | 475 | 183 | |
335 | Sebatik | 452 | 174 | |
336 | Epi | 445 | 172 | |
337 | Curaçao | 444 | 171 | |
338 | Banggi | 441 | 170 | |
339 | Whidbey Island | 437 | 169 | |
340 | Pico Island | 433 | 167 | |
341 | Isle of Arran | 432 | 167 | |
342 | Barbados | 430 | 166 | |
343 | Naxos | 428 | 168 | |
344 | Zakynthos | 406 | 158 | |
345 | Cres | 405 | 158 | |
346 | Krk | 405 | 158 | |
347 | Terceira | 396 | 153 | |
348 | Kiritimati | 388 | 150 | |
349 | Cat Island | 386 | 149 | |
350 | Isle of Wight | 381 | 147 | |
351 | Jan Mayen | 380 | 147 | |
352 | Andros | 380 | 147 | |
353 | Thasos | 378 | 146 | |
354 | Heard Island | 378 | 146 | |
355 | Streymoy | 374 | 144 | |
356 | Hinchinbrook Island | 374 | 144 | |
357 | Babeldaob | 370 | 143 | |
358 | Jura | 367 | 142 | |
359 | Lanai | 366 | 141 | |
360 | Island of Montreal | ±366 | ±140 | |
361 | Langkawi | 363 | 140 | |
362 | Mayotte | 355 | 137 | |
363 | São Nicolau | 352 | 136 | |
364 | Saint Vincent | 345 | 133 | |
365 | Pohnpei | 334 | 129 | |
366 | Nosy Be | 321 | 125 | |
367 | South Uist | 320 | 124 | |
368 | Grenada | 311 | 120 | |
369 | Lefkada | 303 | 117 | |
370 | North Uist | 303 | 117 | |
371 | Karpathos | 301 | 116 | |
372 | Tobago | 300 | 116 | |
373 | Penang | 295 | 113 | |
374 | Mayaguana | 293 | 113 | |
375 | Kos | 290 | 112 | |
376 | Gökçeada | 289 | 111 | |
377 | Eysturoy | 286 | 110 | |
378 | Bonaire | 283 | 109 | |
379 | Crooked Island | 282 | 109 | |
380 | Antigua | 280 | 108 | |
381 | Maio | 279 | 108 | |
382 | El Hierro | 278 | 107 | |
383 | Cythera | 278 | 107 | |
384 | Ometepe | 276 | 106 | |
385 | Tongatapu | 259 | 100 | |
386 | Icaria | 255 | 98 | |
387 | Malta | 246 | 95 | |
388 | Martha's Vineyard | 236 | 91 | |
389 | São Vicente | 232 | 90 | |
390 | Elba | 224 | 86 | |
391 | Sal | 222 | 86 | |
392 | New Providence | 215 | 83 | |
393 | Miquelon | 215 | 83 | |
394 | Saint Croix | 212 | 82 | |
395 | Yell | 212 | 82 | |
396 | Scyros | 209 | 81 | |
397 | Muhu | 206 | 80 | |
398 | Great Exuma Island | 204 | 79 | |
399 | Barrow Island | 202 | 78 | |
400 | Grand Cayman | 197 | 76 | |
401 | Tinos | 195 | 75 | |
402 | Paros | 194 | 74 | |
403 | Santa Catalina Island | 194 | 75 | |
404 | Aruba | 193 | 75 | |
405 | Niihau | 186 | 72 | |
406 | Fehmarn | 185 | 71 | |
407 | Saltspring Island | 182 | 70 | |
408 | Mbamu | 180 | 69.5 | |
409 | Saipan | 180 | 69 | |
410 | Prince of Wales Island (Muralag) | 180 | 69 | |
411 | Samothrace | 178 | 69 | |
412 | Vágar | 176 | 68 | |
413 | Saint Kitts | 168 | 68 | |
414 | Easter Island | 164 | 63 | |
415 | Suðuroy | 163 | 63 | |
416 | San Salvador Island | 162 | 63 | |
417 | Barbuda | 161 | 62 | |
418 | Staten Island | 153 | 59 | |
419 | Melos | 151 | 58 | |
420 | Nantucket | 148 | 57 | |
421 | Lantau Island | 146.4 | 56.5 | |
422 | Quemoy | 145 | 56 | |
423 | Mahé | 145 | 56 | |
424 | Beaver Island | 144.6 | 55.8 | |
425 | Principe | 136 | 52.5 | |
426 | Christmas Island | 135 | 52 | |
427 | Tutuila | 135 | 52 | |
428 | Tioman | 134 | 52 | |
429 | Kea | 131 | 52 | |
430 | Aldabra | 129 | 50 | |
431 | Little Inagua | 126 | 49 | |
432 | Sandoy | 125 | 48 | |
433 | Montserrat | 124 | 48 | |
434 | Saint Helena | 122 | 47 | |
435 | Amorgos | 121 | 47 | |
436 | Marmara Adasi | 117 | 45 | |
437 | Kahoolawe | 117 | 45 | |
438 | Jersey | 116 | 45 | |
439 | Kalimnos | 111 | 43 | |
440 | Ios | 108 | 41 | |
441 | Vava'u | 104 | 40 | |
442 | Anguilla | 102 | 39.4 | |
443 | Aquidneck Island | 101 | 39 | |
444 | Kithnos | 99 | 38 | |
445 | St. Martin | 98 | 38 | |
446 | Astypalaia | 97 | 38 | |
447 | Borðoy | 95 | 37 | |
448 | Salamis | 95 | 37 | |
449 | Skopelos | 94 | 37 | |
450 | Sheppey | 94 | 36 | |
451 | Ithaki | 93 | 36 | |
452 | Vormsi | 92 | 36 | |
453 | Nevis | 92 | 36 | |
454 | Myconos | 86 | 34 | |
455 | Sauvie Island | 85 | 33 | |
456 | Aegina | 84 | 33 | |
457 | Syros | 84 | 33 | |
458 | Santorini | 83 | 32 | |
459 | Hong Kong Island | 80.4 | 31 | |
460 | Labuan | 75 | 30 | |
461 | Serifos | 73 | 29 | |
462 | Sifnos | 73 | 29 | |
463 | Saint Thomas | 69.7 | 26.9 | |
464 | Formentera | 69 | 27 | |
465 | Leros | 68 | 27 | |
466 | Kassos | 66 | 26 | |
467 | Alonnisos | 64 | 25 | |
468 | Tilos | 63 | 25 | |
469 | Manhattan | 60 | 23 | |
470 | Symi | 54 | 21 | |
471 | Bermuda | 53 | 21 | |
472 | Hydra | 51 | 20 | |
473 | Saint John | 50 | 19 | |
474 | Skiathos | 48 | 18 | |
475 | Psara | 45 | 17 | |
476 | Agios Efstratios | 43 | 16 | |
477 | Nisyros | 43 | 16 | |
478 | Bozcaada | 42 | 16.2 | |
479 | Sikinos | 41 | 16 | |
480 | Viðoy | 40.4 | 15.6 | |
481 | Anafi | 38 | 15 | |
482 | Kimolos | 36 | 14 | |
483 | Kunoy | 35.1 | 13.5 | |
484 | Antiparos | 35 | 13 | |
485 | Norfolk Island | 34.6 | 13.4 | |
486 | Patmos | 34 | 13 | |
487 | Carriacou | 34 | 13 | |
488 | Folegandros | 32 | 12 | |
489 | Fournoi | 31 | 12 | |
490 | Kalsoy | 30.4 | 11.7 | |
491 | Tromøy | 29 | 11.2 | |
492 | Halki | 28 | 11 | |
493 | Svínoy | 27.1 | 10.5 | |
494 | Hayling Island | 27 | 10 | |
495 | Foulness Island | 26 | 10 | |
496 | Saint-Pierre | 25 | 9.6 | |
497 | Kyra Panagia | 25 | 9.6 | |
498 | Portsea Island | 24 | 9.5 | |
499 | Spetses | 22 | 8.5 | |
500 | Nauru | 21 | 8.1 | |
501 | Poros | 21 | 8.1 | |
502 | Saria | 21 | 8.1 | |
503 | St. Barths | 21 | 8.1 | |
504 | Statia (Sint Eustatius) | 21 | 8.1 | |
505 | Antikythera | 20 | 8 | |
506 | Chouteau | 20 | 8 | |
507 | Paxi | 20 | 8 | |
508 | Bequia | 18 | 7 | |
509 | Iraklia | 18 | 7 | |
510 | Makronissos | 18 | 7 | |
511 | Gyaros | 17 | 7 | |
512 | Polyaigos | 17 | 7 | |
513 | Kihnu | 16.4 | 6.3 | |
514 | Keros | 15 | 6 | |
515 | Pserimos | 15 | 6 | |
516 | Agathonissi | 14 | 6 | |
517 | Oinousses | 14 | 6 | |
518 | Peristera | 14 | 6 | |
519 | Rhineia | 14 | 6 | |
520 | Donoussa | 13 | 5 | |
521 | Heimaey | 13 | 5 | |
522 | Leipsoi | 13 | 5 | |
523 | Saba | 13 | 5 | |
524 | Ruhnu | 11.9 | 4.59 | |
525 | Fugloy | 11 | 4 | |
526 | Gioura | 11 | 4 | |
527 | Nólsoy | 10.3 | 4 | |
528 | Mykines | 10 | 4 | |
529 | Othonoi | 10 | 4 | |
530 | Thymaina | 10 | 4 | |
531 | Skúvoy | 9.8 | 3.8 | |
532 | Thirasia | 9.3 | 4 | |
533 | Mackinac Island | 9.8 | 3.8 | |
534 | Union Island | 9 | 3.5 | |
535 | Kastellorizo | 9 | 3.5 | |
536 | Hrísey | 8 | 3 | |
537 | Levitha | 8 | 3 | |
538 | Arkoi | 8 | 3 | |
539 | Schoinoussa | 8 | 3 | |
540 | Canouan | 7.5 | 3 | |
541 | Alimia | 7 | 3 | |
542 | Hestur | 5.9 | 2.3 | |
543 | Büyükada | 5.4 | 2 | |
544 | Grímsey | 5.3 | 2 | |
545 | Mustique | 5 | 1.9 | |
546 | Delos | 3.4 | 1 | |
547 | Stóra Dímun | 2.7 | 1 | |
548 | Funafuti | 2.3 | 0.9 | |
549 | Valentia Island | 33 | 12 | |
550 | Koltur | 2.3 | 0.9 | |
551 | Malé | 1.81 | 0.7 | |
552 | Lítla Dímun | 0.8 | 0.3 |
With one land/water boundary defined, the second definition should be the land between any two rivers. To add complexity and ensure evolutive potential, mountains, or deserts, or other landform will be another secondary boundary, overlapping with the rivers' source "point". For this, a list of rivers following the compass directions seems desirable.
Visions of cities throughout history and across the globe, pulsating with the projection of power towards each other, are dancing in my head. These visions must be digitally captured, programmatically generated. Let's start with a definition: the settlement of a people. Choosing some arbitrarily long date, 12,007 years ago, or, if not mathematically accurate, then by definition 10,000 BC(E) will be our starting point, the new year 0. Future program references will be in this absolute (and arbitrary) timeframe. So for the first 7,000-8,000 years under consideration, walled settlements (the first type more advanced than tents, perhaps) began to be experimented with, while they fell under the occassional, and inevitable, raids from neighboring unsettled peoples. I've tried to make that as abstract as possible, as it roughly mirrors the definition of civilized and barbarian. I can't imagine all the neighbors were on violent terms; surely some cities had some neighbors who traded peacefully while retained a semi-nomadic/hunting-gathering lifestyle.
But, one by one, cities sprouted up for various lengths of time, until they finally invented reading and writing. Now, for the next 4,007-5,007 years, we have an incredibly dirty reflection (in the forms of historical texts and archaeological evidence) of the events of the days. So, let the cities project power over their countrysides, and each other....
This is a list of 110 states, nations, or empires that jumped out at me as I did a preliminary survey of the history of human civilization (or what I like to call: domesticated humans). They're roughly organized by region and date of founding, although my subjective definitions of any particular regions were made mostly on whims, and my demarcation years will certainly be debatable.
North Africa (Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Algeria, Morocco) (6):
West Africa (Mauritania, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, and coastal countries) (12):
Central Africa (Chad, Cameroon, Congo) (7):
Southern Africa (Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, Namibia, Botswana, South Africa) (2):
East Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania) (0)
Western Europe (15):
Eastern Europe (7):
Greater Southwest Asia (25):
Central Asia (7):
South Asia (12):
Southeast Asia (17):
East Asia (14):
North and Central Americas (8):
South America (9):
Year | West Africa | Northeast Africa | South Africa | Mesopo- tamia | Greater Iran | East Europe | West Europe | Central Asia | South Asia | Southeast Asia | East Asia | North and Central America | South America |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5300 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
5200 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
5100 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
5000 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4900 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4800 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4700 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4600 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4500 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4400 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4300 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4200 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4100 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
4000 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3900 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3800 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3700 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3600 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3500 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3400 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3300 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3200 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3100 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
3000 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
2900 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
2800 BC | Sumer | ||||||||||||
2700 BC | Sumer | Elam | |||||||||||
2600 BC | Sumer | Elam | |||||||||||
2500 BC | Sumer, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
2400 BC | Sumer, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
2300 BC | Sumer, Hurrians, Akkadian Empire | Elam | |||||||||||
2200 BC | Sumer, Hurrians, Akkadian Empire | Elam | |||||||||||
2100 BC | Sumer, Hurrians, Akkadian Empire | Elam | |||||||||||
2000 BC | Sumer, Assyria, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
1900 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians | Elam | |||||||||||
1800 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1700 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1600 BC | Babylonia, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1500 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1400 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1300 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hurrians, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1200 BC | Kassites, Assyria, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1100 BC | Assyria, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
1000 BC | Assyria, Hittites | Elam | |||||||||||
900 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam | |||||||||||
800 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam | |||||||||||
700 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam, Median Empire | |||||||||||
600 BC | Neo-Assyria | Elam, Median Empire | |||||||||||
500 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Neo-Babylonia | Achaemenid Empire, Elam, Median Empire | ||||||||||
475 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
450 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
425 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
400 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
375 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
350 BC | Achaemenid Empire | Achaemenid Empire | |||||||||||
325 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
300 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
275 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
250 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
225 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire | |||||||||||
200 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
175 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
150 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
125 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
100 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
75 BC | Seleucid Empire | Seleucid Empire, Parthian Empire | |||||||||||
50 BC | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
25 BC | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
1 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
25 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
50 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
75 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
00 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
125 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
150 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
175 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
200 | Parthian Empire | ||||||||||||
225 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
250 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
275 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
300 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
325 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
350 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
375 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
400 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
425 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
450 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
475 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
500 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
525 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
550 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
575 | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | Sassanid Empire | ||||||||||
600 | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | ||||||||||
625 | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | ||||||||||
650 | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | Sassanid Empire, Rashidun Caliphate | ||||||||||
675 | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | ||||||||||
700 | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | ||||||||||
725 | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate | ||||||||||
750 | Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate | Umayyad Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
775 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
800 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
825 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
850 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
875 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
900 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
925 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
950 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | ||||||||||
975 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire | ||||||||||
1000 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire | ||||||||||
1025 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire | ||||||||||
1050 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1075 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1100 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1125 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty | ||||||||||
1150 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1175 | Abbasid Caliphate, Fatmide Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Ghaznavid Empire, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1200 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1225 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Khwarezmian Empire | ||||||||||
1250 | Abbasid Caliphate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | Abbasid Caliphate, Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | ||||||||||
1275 | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | |||||||||||
1300 | Ottoman Empire | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate, Ottoman Empire | Seljuq dynasty, Ilkhanate | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1325 | Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate, Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1350 | Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate, Ottoman Empire | Ilkhanate | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1375 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1400 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1425 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1450 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1475 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1500 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1525 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire, Timurid dynasty | Timurid dynasty | Ottoman Empire | |||||||||
1550 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1575 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1600 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1625 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1650 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1675 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1700 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1725 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1750 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1775 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1800 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1825 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1850 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1875 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1900 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1925 | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | Ottoman Empire | ||||||||||
1950 | |||||||||||||
1975 | |||||||||||||
2000 |