Tumak | |
---|---|
Native to | Chad |
Region | Southwest |
Native speakers | (25,000 cited 1993 census) [1] |
Afro-Asiatic
| |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 |
tmc |
Glottolog |
tuma1260 |
Tumak, also known as Toumak, Tumag, Tummok, Sara Toumak, Tumac, and Dije, is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the southwestern Chadian prefectures of Moyen-Chari and Koumra. Motun (Mod) and Tumak dialects have a lexical similarity of only 70%; [1] Blench (2006) lists Tumak, Motun, and Mawer as separate languages. [2] Most Motun speakers use some Sara. [1]
The "Gulei" listed in Greenberg might be a dialect of Tumak. [3]
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b | t d | dʒ | k g | |
Prenasalized | ᵐb | ⁿd | ⁿdʒ | ᵑg | |
Implosive | ɓ | ɗ | |||
Fricative | s | h | |||
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
Approximant | w | r, ɽ, l | j |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i iː | u uː | |
Mid-high | e eː | ə əː | o oː |
Mid-low | ɛ | ɔ ɔː | |
Low | a aː |
Tumak also has two tones; [4] high and low.
Tumak | |
---|---|
Native to | Chad |
Region | Southwest |
Native speakers | (25,000 cited 1993 census) [1] |
Afro-Asiatic
| |
Dialects |
|
Language codes | |
ISO 639-3 |
tmc |
Glottolog |
tuma1260 |
Tumak, also known as Toumak, Tumag, Tummok, Sara Toumak, Tumac, and Dije, is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in the southwestern Chadian prefectures of Moyen-Chari and Koumra. Motun (Mod) and Tumak dialects have a lexical similarity of only 70%; [1] Blench (2006) lists Tumak, Motun, and Mawer as separate languages. [2] Most Motun speakers use some Sara. [1]
The "Gulei" listed in Greenberg might be a dialect of Tumak. [3]
Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Plosive | p b | t d | dʒ | k g | |
Prenasalized | ᵐb | ⁿd | ⁿdʒ | ᵑg | |
Implosive | ɓ | ɗ | |||
Fricative | s | h | |||
Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
Approximant | w | r, ɽ, l | j |
Front | Central | Back | |
---|---|---|---|
High | i iː | u uː | |
Mid-high | e eː | ə əː | o oː |
Mid-low | ɛ | ɔ ɔː | |
Low | a aː |
Tumak also has two tones; [4] high and low.