From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following is a timeline of the
history of the city of
Qom ,
Iran .
685 - Arab Shia refugees settle in Qom.
804/805 - Qom gains "administrative independence from Isfahan."
816 - Death of
Fātimah bint Mūsā (sister of 8th
Imam of
Twelver Shia faith);
shrine develops thereafter.
825 - Qom "attacked."
988 - Hasan ibn Muhammad Qumi writes
Tarikh-i Qum (city history).
1050s -
Hassan-i Sabbah born in Qom (approximate date).
[4]
1224 - City besieged by Mongol forces.
1393 -
Timur in power.
1442 - City becomes seat of government of Timurid monarch
Sultan Muhammad bin Baysonqor .
1447/1448 - City sacked by
Qara Qoyunlu forces.
1469 -
Ağ Qoyunlu in power.
1501 - Twelver Shia Islam
declared official state religion in Iran, a development beneficial to Qom as a
holy city (approximate date).
[6]
1722 - Qom sacked by Afghans.
1883 - "New court" built at the Fatima shrine.
1920 - Population: 30,000-40,000 (approximate estimate).
[7]
1922 -
Qom Seminary (
hawza ) established.
1923 - Printing press in operation.
[8]
1950 - Population: 83,235 (estimate).
1960 - Population: 105,272 (estimate).
[10]
1963
1966 - Population: 134,292.
1974 -
Mohemmat Sazi Football Club formed.
1975 - "Riots involving 'Muslim Marxists.'"
1976 - Population: 246,831.
1978 - 7–9 January:
Iranian Revolution against
Pahlavis begins in Qom.
1982 - Population: 424,000 (estimate).
[11]
1996
Center for the Revival of Islamic Heritage established.
[8]
Population: 777,677.
[12]
1999 - February:
Local election held.
[13]
This article incorporates information from the
Persian Wikipedia .
George Nathaniel Curzon (1892).
"(Kum)" . Persia and the Persian Question . Vol. 2. London. pp. 6–12.
hdl :
2027/hvd.32044022702278 . {{
cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link )
Albert Houtum-Schindler (1897).
"Province of Kom" . Eastern Persian Irak . London: J. Murray and
Royal Geographical Society . pp. 56+.
hdl :
2027/mdp.39015000658461 .
"Kum" .
Encyclopædia Britannica . Vol. 15 (11th ed.). 1910. p. 945.
C. A. Storey (1936). "History of Persia: Qum". Persian Literature: a Bio-Bibliographical Survey . Vol. 1. London: Luzac & Company.
OCLC
1312518 .
Laurence Lockhart (1960). Persian Cities . London. pp. 127–131.
OCLC
1370385 . {{
cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link )
Jean Calmard (1980). "Kum". In
C. Edmund Bosworth ; et al. (eds.).
Encyclopaedia of Islam . Vol. 5 (2nd ed.). Brill. pp. 369–372.
via Google Books
W. Barthold (1984). "Isfahan, Kashan, and Qum".
Historical Geography of Iran . Translated by
Svat Soucek . Princeton University Press. pp. 178–179.
ISBN
978-1-4008-5322-9 .
Ernst Hunziker (April 1994). "Qom: Holy City of the Mullahs". Swiss Review of World Affairs .
Neue Zürcher Zeitung .
ISSN
0039-7490 .
Noelle Watson, ed. (1996), "Qom",
International Dictionary of Historic Places , Fitzroy Dearborn, pp. 600+,
ISBN
9781884964039
Andreas Drechsler (2005).
"Tāriḵ-e Qom" .
Encyclopædia Iranica . (About city history written in 10th century)
Michael R.T. Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley, eds. (2008), "Qom",
Cities of the Middle East and North Africa , Santa Barbara, US:
ABC-CLIO , pp. 301+,
ISBN
9781576079195
Andreas Drechsler (2009).
"Qom: History to the Safavid Period" . Encyclopædia Iranica . (Includes bibliography)
Graeme Wood (2010),
"Among the Mullahs" ,
The Atlantic , US
Aḥmad Monzawī; ʿAlī Naqī Monzawī (2012).
"Bibliographies and Catalogues in Iran: Qom" . Encyclopædia Iranica .
António Baião (1923).
Itinerarios da India a Portugal por terra (in Portuguese). Coimbra – via
Digital Library of India . {{
cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link ) (Includes information about Qom)
Ḥasan ibn Muḥammad Qummī (1934). Jalāl al-Dīn Ṭihrānī (ed.). Tarikh-i Qumm (in Persian). Tehran.
OCLC
54247737 . {{
cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link ) (Written in 10th century in Arabic)
Fredy Bemont (1969). Les Villes de l'Iran (in French). Paris. pp. 179–182.
OCLC
489929494 . {{
cite book }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link )
Hossein Modarressi Tabataba'i (1971), Qom dar qarn-e nohom-e hejri, 801-900 (in Persian), Qom,
OCLC
21745342 {{
citation }}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
link )
Marcel Bazin (1973).
"Qom, ville de pèlerinage et centre régional" . Revue Géographique de l'Est (in French). 13 (1–2).
ISSN
0035-3213 – via
Persée .
M. Tabataba’i. Turbat-i Pākān [Monuments and buildings of Qom], 2 vols (Qom, 1976)
Andreas Drechsler (1999),
Geschichte der Stadt Qom im Mittelalter (650-1350): politische und wirtschaftliche Aspekte ,
Islamkundliche Untersuchungen (in German), Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag,
ISBN
3879972761 – via
Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg ,
Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt [
de ]
Menadoc [
de ]
Djamileh Zia (2011).
"Qom, la plus ancienne ville chiite de l'Iran" .
La Revue de Téhéran (in French) (72).
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Qom .