The global vanadium cycle is controlled by physical and chemical processes that drive the exchange of vanadium between its two main reservoirs: the upper continental crust and the ocean. [1] Anthropogenic processes such as coal and petroleum production release vanadium to the atmosphere.
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Biogeochemical cycles |
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Vanadium is a trace metal that is relatively abundant in the Earth (~100 part per million in the upper crust). [1] Vanadium is mobilized from minerals through weathering and transported to the ocean. Vanadium can enter the atmosphere through wind erosion and volcanic emissions [1] and will remain there until it is removed by precipitation. [1]
Human activity has increased the amount of vanadium emissions to the atmosphere. [2] Vanadium is abundant in fossil fuels because it is incorporated in porphyrins during organic matter degradation. [3] Coal and petroleum factory pollution release significant vanadium to the atmosphere. [1] Vanadium is also mined and using for industrial purposes including for steel reinforcement, electronics, and batteries. [1]
Vanadium is removed from the ocean by burial marine sediments and incorporation into iron oxides at hydrothermal vents. [1] [4]
Biological processes play a relatively minor role in the global vanadium cycle. Vanadium bromoperoxidase is present in some marine bacteria and algae. [5] Vanadium can also takes the place of molybdenum in alternative nitrogenases. [6]
The global vanadium cycle is controlled by physical and chemical processes that drive the exchange of vanadium between its two main reservoirs: the upper continental crust and the ocean. [1] Anthropogenic processes such as coal and petroleum production release vanadium to the atmosphere.
Part of a series on |
Biogeochemical cycles |
---|
Vanadium is a trace metal that is relatively abundant in the Earth (~100 part per million in the upper crust). [1] Vanadium is mobilized from minerals through weathering and transported to the ocean. Vanadium can enter the atmosphere through wind erosion and volcanic emissions [1] and will remain there until it is removed by precipitation. [1]
Human activity has increased the amount of vanadium emissions to the atmosphere. [2] Vanadium is abundant in fossil fuels because it is incorporated in porphyrins during organic matter degradation. [3] Coal and petroleum factory pollution release significant vanadium to the atmosphere. [1] Vanadium is also mined and using for industrial purposes including for steel reinforcement, electronics, and batteries. [1]
Vanadium is removed from the ocean by burial marine sediments and incorporation into iron oxides at hydrothermal vents. [1] [4]
Biological processes play a relatively minor role in the global vanadium cycle. Vanadium bromoperoxidase is present in some marine bacteria and algae. [5] Vanadium can also takes the place of molybdenum in alternative nitrogenases. [6]