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On 9 September 2023, it was proposed that this article be moved from Anchoring (cognitive bias) to Anchoring effect. The result of the discussion was moved. |
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 23 August 2019 and 10 December 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Pcprice28.
Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT ( talk) 14:10, 16 January 2022 (UTC)
I think that the article itself is not really about the contemporary meaning of anchoring in NLP, like explained, for example, here: http://www.deep-trance.com/skill-model/anchoring.html. Unfortunately, I lack the necessary English skills to edit it properly, so if you're reading this, please cover the modern meaning. Thanks in advance.
The kind of anchoring you (and the given url) are refering to is of a completely different type and meaning. 'Anchoring', within a cognitive psychology paradigm, refers to a specific type of cognitive bias and in no way has anything to do with NLP/deep trance meditation, etc. If you or anyone else is interested in the meaning of "anchoring" supplied in the url you listed, please make a seperate entry, i.e. an entry that does not place it (directly or indirectly) within the context of cognitive psychology proper.
A new article
Anchor (NLP) has been set up for the NLP meaning of the term
FT2 18:35, 30 October 2005 (UTC)
The article claims "... intuitively assess probabilities" and then gives two examples: In the first example people have to assess a percentage and in the second an amount of money. So anchoring obviously does not just affect assessing probabilities. 78.50.93.43 ( talk) 19:39, 14 January 2011 (UTC)
Reading this entry, and specifically focusing on the examples given, it makes it seem as if anchoring is always a conscious thought. In reality, often our judgements and decisions are based on anchoring heuristics and as individuals we are completely unaware of it. I think the unconscious nature of anchoring, is worth mentioning. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Hollidaa ( talk • contribs) 03:23, 9 February 2012 (UTC)
I'm an undergraduate Psychology student, and I'd like to revise this page as part of my Social Psychology class. Though this article has some good sources, I think it ultimately misses the point of Anchoring. Anchoring is, first and foremost (if you'll pardon the pun), an order effect. An anchor is set specifically by the first thing mentioned, whatever that may be, and much of the article (the "Background" section in particular) misses this idea. Additionally, there are better, clearer examples that could be used throughout this article. I have some sources lined up, and I'll put them in as I make revisions.
-- JTycherin ( talk) 22:15, 17 October 2012 (UTC)
I think the article contradicts itself. First paragraph "Anchoring or focalism is a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily on the *first* piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making decisions". In the part about the focusing effect "People focus on *notable differences*, excluding those that are less conspicuous". So it is either the first piece of info (anchoring) or the most notable difference (focusing), but the two are clearly different things. I think the problem is that the focusing effect really does not belong here.
193.225.200.93 ( talk) 10:11, 19 November 2014 (UTC)Andrea Canidio
The cited reference for "Clearly neither of these anchors can be correct, but the two groups still guessed significantly differently (average age of 50 vs. average age of 67).", Explaining the enigmatic anchoring effect: Mechanisms of selective accessibility. By: Strack, Fritz, Mussweiler, Thomas, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 00223514, 19970901, Vol. 73, Issue 3, does not appear to substantiate the claim of "(average age of 50 vs. average age of 67)" - I may be missing something, but I don't see it. 143.197.222.231 ( talk) 16:29, 11 August 2015 (UTC)
Just found it! It is in an appendix not shown in the online view, but in the PDF.
143.197.222.231 (
talk) 16:36, 11 August 2015 (UTC)
Dr. Booth has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:
I think is fine apart from the typo in column 1 p1 2nd last para, where in the context ‘overweighed’ should be replaced by ‘overweighted’
We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.
Dr. Booth has published scholarly research which seems to be relevant to this Wikipedia article:
ExpertIdeasBot ( talk) 12:59, 7 June 2016 (UTC)
I think this article needs an extensive revision, which I am hoping to undertake soon. The main problem is that it equates anchoring with a number of other phenomena that, although related at some level, are not the same. Anchoring usually refers to a phenomenon where the presentation of an arbitrary number (an "anchor") affects some quantitative judgment, such that there is a positive correlation between the anchor and the judgment. This is the essence of the definitions given in the review articles by Chapman and Johnson and by Furnam and Boo. The current article, however, lumps anchoring together with several other phenomena, including focalism and the focusing illusion, assimilation and contrast effects, and primacy effects. What these phenomena all have in common is that one piece of information has a disproportionate impact on some judgment, which is fine. But it is inconsistent with the usage of "anchoring" in the contemporary research literature. What I am proposing is 1) presenting a more precise definition in the opening section, 2) removing the focusing illusion section, 3) adding something about traditional anchoring versus what has been called "basic anchoring" [1], and 4) cutting down the negotiations section (which seems disproportionately long). The section on influencing factors also seems to rely heavily on individual empirical studies that are not necessarily very reliable. It would be better to base this section on more extensive reviews if they exist. Feedback on these ideas would be much appreciated. Pcprice28 ( talk) 21:49, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
References
{{
cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(
help)
"Expertise is when a judge has relevant knowledge. In a study using price estimation of cars, it was found that relevant knowledge positively influenced anchoring."
The last 5 words are ambiguous. What does "positively influenced" mean? Increased (a positive amount), or decreased (less tendency to make the error)?
"Expertise in cognitive bias is related to experience however the two are not exclusively exhaustive."
What does "exclusively exhaustive" mean? If bias is related to experience, they overlap, so they're not mutually exclusive. But "however" is wrong, unless by "exclusively exhaustive" you mean something else. There's a term "collectively exhaustive", covering all possibilities. But if this is about experience, then anything and experience are collectively exhaustive, but you say "not..."
"In a study using stock return estimates, it was found that expertise decreases behavioural bias significantly. It was found that other factors like cognitive ability and experience where there is no susceptibility to anchoring or a susceptibility as it increases," What is the last "it"? Is that also anchoring? When there's none or a lot?
"tend to become factors that decrease the effects of anchoring when they are an expert." Who is "they"?
Why not just: It was found that other factors like cognitive ability and experience decrease the effects of anchoring." Or It was found that other factors like cognitive ability and experience decrease the effects of anchoring for experts." Randyastr ( talk) 00:40, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
I'm really surprised to see "cognitive bias" in the title of this article, because anchoring is discussed in many academic publications and I don't think I've ever seen them define or describe it as a cognitive bias. Anchoring-and-adjustment is a heuristic which can result in biases towards an irrelevant number (a contaminant) in some kinds of judgement. To say that anchoring is the bias is to confuse the cause and effect, and not how these things are written about in the sources.
MartinPoulter ( talk) 16:13, 8 September 2023 (UTC) More references:
The result of the move request was: moved. ( closed by non-admin page mover) – Material Works 18:04, 18 September 2023 (UTC)
Anchoring (cognitive bias) → Anchoring effect – As demonstrated on this Talk page, the description of anchoring as a cognitive bias does not follow the main psychological literature that defines this topic. There is an anchoring effect, which is a well-established replicable finding, and there is also the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic, which is a theorised process to explain the finding. The article needs to be called "Anchoring effect" because, as shown above, that is the common way that finding is referred to in the reliable sources on the topic. The article needs to contain an explanation of the heuristic and distinguish it from the effect. MartinPoulter ( talk) 08:09, 9 September 2023 (UTC)
In regard to 'easy to demonstrate, but hard to explain', linking in Ovid's quote would be a nice touch:
"The cause is hidden; the effect is visible to all." -- Ovid Kontribuanto ( talk) 14:54, 24 April 2024 (UTC)
This is the
talk page for discussing improvements to the
Anchoring effect article. This is not a forum for general discussion of the article's subject. |
Article policies
|
Find sources: Google ( books · news · scholar · free images · WP refs) · FENS · JSTOR · TWL |
This article is written in American English, which has its own spelling conventions (color, defense, traveled) and some terms that are used in it may be different or absent from other varieties of English. According to the relevant style guide, this should not be changed without broad consensus. |
This article is rated C-class on Wikipedia's
content assessment scale. It is of interest to the following WikiProjects: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
On 9 September 2023, it was proposed that this article be moved from Anchoring (cognitive bias) to Anchoring effect. The result of the discussion was moved. |
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 23 August 2019 and 10 December 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Pcprice28.
Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT ( talk) 14:10, 16 January 2022 (UTC)
I think that the article itself is not really about the contemporary meaning of anchoring in NLP, like explained, for example, here: http://www.deep-trance.com/skill-model/anchoring.html. Unfortunately, I lack the necessary English skills to edit it properly, so if you're reading this, please cover the modern meaning. Thanks in advance.
The kind of anchoring you (and the given url) are refering to is of a completely different type and meaning. 'Anchoring', within a cognitive psychology paradigm, refers to a specific type of cognitive bias and in no way has anything to do with NLP/deep trance meditation, etc. If you or anyone else is interested in the meaning of "anchoring" supplied in the url you listed, please make a seperate entry, i.e. an entry that does not place it (directly or indirectly) within the context of cognitive psychology proper.
A new article
Anchor (NLP) has been set up for the NLP meaning of the term
FT2 18:35, 30 October 2005 (UTC)
The article claims "... intuitively assess probabilities" and then gives two examples: In the first example people have to assess a percentage and in the second an amount of money. So anchoring obviously does not just affect assessing probabilities. 78.50.93.43 ( talk) 19:39, 14 January 2011 (UTC)
Reading this entry, and specifically focusing on the examples given, it makes it seem as if anchoring is always a conscious thought. In reality, often our judgements and decisions are based on anchoring heuristics and as individuals we are completely unaware of it. I think the unconscious nature of anchoring, is worth mentioning. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Hollidaa ( talk • contribs) 03:23, 9 February 2012 (UTC)
I'm an undergraduate Psychology student, and I'd like to revise this page as part of my Social Psychology class. Though this article has some good sources, I think it ultimately misses the point of Anchoring. Anchoring is, first and foremost (if you'll pardon the pun), an order effect. An anchor is set specifically by the first thing mentioned, whatever that may be, and much of the article (the "Background" section in particular) misses this idea. Additionally, there are better, clearer examples that could be used throughout this article. I have some sources lined up, and I'll put them in as I make revisions.
-- JTycherin ( talk) 22:15, 17 October 2012 (UTC)
I think the article contradicts itself. First paragraph "Anchoring or focalism is a cognitive bias that describes the common human tendency to rely too heavily on the *first* piece of information offered (the "anchor") when making decisions". In the part about the focusing effect "People focus on *notable differences*, excluding those that are less conspicuous". So it is either the first piece of info (anchoring) or the most notable difference (focusing), but the two are clearly different things. I think the problem is that the focusing effect really does not belong here.
193.225.200.93 ( talk) 10:11, 19 November 2014 (UTC)Andrea Canidio
The cited reference for "Clearly neither of these anchors can be correct, but the two groups still guessed significantly differently (average age of 50 vs. average age of 67).", Explaining the enigmatic anchoring effect: Mechanisms of selective accessibility. By: Strack, Fritz, Mussweiler, Thomas, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 00223514, 19970901, Vol. 73, Issue 3, does not appear to substantiate the claim of "(average age of 50 vs. average age of 67)" - I may be missing something, but I don't see it. 143.197.222.231 ( talk) 16:29, 11 August 2015 (UTC)
Just found it! It is in an appendix not shown in the online view, but in the PDF.
143.197.222.231 (
talk) 16:36, 11 August 2015 (UTC)
Dr. Booth has reviewed this Wikipedia page, and provided us with the following comments to improve its quality:
I think is fine apart from the typo in column 1 p1 2nd last para, where in the context ‘overweighed’ should be replaced by ‘overweighted’
We hope Wikipedians on this talk page can take advantage of these comments and improve the quality of the article accordingly.
Dr. Booth has published scholarly research which seems to be relevant to this Wikipedia article:
ExpertIdeasBot ( talk) 12:59, 7 June 2016 (UTC)
I think this article needs an extensive revision, which I am hoping to undertake soon. The main problem is that it equates anchoring with a number of other phenomena that, although related at some level, are not the same. Anchoring usually refers to a phenomenon where the presentation of an arbitrary number (an "anchor") affects some quantitative judgment, such that there is a positive correlation between the anchor and the judgment. This is the essence of the definitions given in the review articles by Chapman and Johnson and by Furnam and Boo. The current article, however, lumps anchoring together with several other phenomena, including focalism and the focusing illusion, assimilation and contrast effects, and primacy effects. What these phenomena all have in common is that one piece of information has a disproportionate impact on some judgment, which is fine. But it is inconsistent with the usage of "anchoring" in the contemporary research literature. What I am proposing is 1) presenting a more precise definition in the opening section, 2) removing the focusing illusion section, 3) adding something about traditional anchoring versus what has been called "basic anchoring" [1], and 4) cutting down the negotiations section (which seems disproportionately long). The section on influencing factors also seems to rely heavily on individual empirical studies that are not necessarily very reliable. It would be better to base this section on more extensive reviews if they exist. Feedback on these ideas would be much appreciated. Pcprice28 ( talk) 21:49, 26 September 2019 (UTC)
References
{{
cite journal}}
: Cite journal requires |journal=
(
help)
"Expertise is when a judge has relevant knowledge. In a study using price estimation of cars, it was found that relevant knowledge positively influenced anchoring."
The last 5 words are ambiguous. What does "positively influenced" mean? Increased (a positive amount), or decreased (less tendency to make the error)?
"Expertise in cognitive bias is related to experience however the two are not exclusively exhaustive."
What does "exclusively exhaustive" mean? If bias is related to experience, they overlap, so they're not mutually exclusive. But "however" is wrong, unless by "exclusively exhaustive" you mean something else. There's a term "collectively exhaustive", covering all possibilities. But if this is about experience, then anything and experience are collectively exhaustive, but you say "not..."
"In a study using stock return estimates, it was found that expertise decreases behavioural bias significantly. It was found that other factors like cognitive ability and experience where there is no susceptibility to anchoring or a susceptibility as it increases," What is the last "it"? Is that also anchoring? When there's none or a lot?
"tend to become factors that decrease the effects of anchoring when they are an expert." Who is "they"?
Why not just: It was found that other factors like cognitive ability and experience decrease the effects of anchoring." Or It was found that other factors like cognitive ability and experience decrease the effects of anchoring for experts." Randyastr ( talk) 00:40, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
I'm really surprised to see "cognitive bias" in the title of this article, because anchoring is discussed in many academic publications and I don't think I've ever seen them define or describe it as a cognitive bias. Anchoring-and-adjustment is a heuristic which can result in biases towards an irrelevant number (a contaminant) in some kinds of judgement. To say that anchoring is the bias is to confuse the cause and effect, and not how these things are written about in the sources.
MartinPoulter ( talk) 16:13, 8 September 2023 (UTC) More references:
The result of the move request was: moved. ( closed by non-admin page mover) – Material Works 18:04, 18 September 2023 (UTC)
Anchoring (cognitive bias) → Anchoring effect – As demonstrated on this Talk page, the description of anchoring as a cognitive bias does not follow the main psychological literature that defines this topic. There is an anchoring effect, which is a well-established replicable finding, and there is also the anchoring-and-adjustment heuristic, which is a theorised process to explain the finding. The article needs to be called "Anchoring effect" because, as shown above, that is the common way that finding is referred to in the reliable sources on the topic. The article needs to contain an explanation of the heuristic and distinguish it from the effect. MartinPoulter ( talk) 08:09, 9 September 2023 (UTC)
In regard to 'easy to demonstrate, but hard to explain', linking in Ovid's quote would be a nice touch:
"The cause is hidden; the effect is visible to all." -- Ovid Kontribuanto ( talk) 14:54, 24 April 2024 (UTC)