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Palestinian traditional costumes was one of the Social sciences and society good articles, but it has been removed from the list. There are suggestions below for improving the article to meet the good article criteria. Once these issues have been addressed, the article can be renominated. Editors may also seek a reassessment of the decision if they believe there was a mistake. | |||||||||||||
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Current status: Delisted good article |
I am impressed with how well-developed the article has become. However, I think there is a problem with the use of non-free images in the article. Wikipedia seeks to actively encourage people to create free content, so it has some strict restrictions on the use of images that are not free content (see WP:NONFREE). In particular, the posters and book covers should not be displayed as mere decoration without, say, critical commentary about the images themselves. Moreover, it seems possible that free images could be created as reasonable replacements for the non-free ones. If you disagree, then please feel free to get further opinions about the issue at WP:FUR. Otherwise, I'll remove the offending images in a few days. Sorry about this... nadav ( talk) 07:12, 22 August 2007 (UTC)
A couple of those pictures are discussed in the text briefly. But whatever. I don't really understand your objections and don't have much of an inclination to argue. I think it's a shame that you basically stripped the article of more than half its pictures and didn't even bother to redistribute those that remain in a decent fashion. Thanks for the additional work. Tiamat 21:54, 25 August 2007 (UTC)
By the way, there are no such pictures to be taken in Nazareth. We did not wear traditional Palestinian embroidery being a city in the Galilee where the style of clothing was more Westernized and consisted of floral print patterns. I have to go to Ramallah or Jerusalem to find such photographs. Tiamat 22:00, 25 August 2007 (UTC)
Some of these could perhaps be incorporated into a gallery section in the article. Sadly, they are are all black and white, since they are almost a 100 yrs old. But it adds some authenticity, I guess. Note, there are some duplicates in the list since they have a few nearly identical pictures under different titles.
Bethlehem woman. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/04600/04625v.jpg
A Nazareth mother http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/04600/04626v.jpg
A "Nazareth mother" http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/04600/04651v.jpg
Various types, etc. Peasant girl embroidering. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/05200/05294v.jpg
The Samaritans of Nablus (Shechhem). Interesting scroll-cover of embroidered silk. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01800/01824v.jpg
Ramallah woman in embroidered costume http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/00600/00662v.jpg
[Girl of Ramallah wearing embroidered dress] http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06863v.jpg
Bethlehem and surroundings. Bethlehem. Courtyard of an old home. Girls embroidering and sewing. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/02600/02603v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Shepherd. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06809v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Girls of Ramallah. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06848v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Bethlehem woman http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/00000/00067v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Peasant girl and her ornaments http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/00000/00077v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Bedouin women. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01273v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Bethlehem woman http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/11700/11764v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Mother and baby of Nazareth. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/05200/05266v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Nazareth bride. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01236v.jpg
Bedouin woman. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06833v.jpg
Bedouin woman. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06835v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. A Nazarene. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01293v.jpg
Agriculture, etc. A Nazareth maiden. In old Nazareth costume. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/02900/02968v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Woman of Nazareth. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01237v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Veiled Mohammedan [i.e., Muslim] women. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06803v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Bust of a Bedouin. / American Colony, Jerusalem. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06826v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Bethlehem family. / American Colony, Jerusalem. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06814v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Women of Beersheba. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01300/01301v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Bethlehem women gossiping. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06813v.jpg
Woman wearing dowry necklace. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06847v.jpg —Preceding unsigned comment added by Nadav1 ( talk • contribs) 07:07, August 27, 2007 (UTC)
Thanks Nadav. These are quite beautiful, though sadly a little out of focus. What do mean by gallery section? External links? Tiamat 09:24, 27 August 2007 (UTC)
(unindent) The gallery code is simpler than some pages make it out to be. All that is necessary is
<gallery>
</gallery>
The image names (without brackets) are listed in between the gallery tags. See an example of a gallery here: Iraq War#Topical images. Unless set specifically in the gallery wikicode each viewer sees the default thumbnail image size set by the wiki software. Currently that is 100 pixels wide. The images can be captioned too. Here are some more pages with captioned galleries:
-- Timeshifter 18:29, 27 August 2007 (UTC)
Here is an article with an uncaptioned gallery:
The images that have 2 photos next to each other look like they might be stereoscopics, basically an old version of 3D. I can't be sure but its interesting if it is. Lordrichie ( talk) 00:09, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
The article is very good. Perhaps for the lead paragraphs, more could be said to recap or signal the main sections to come: so maybe add something about the garment types and the current collections. Also, if you don't mind my saying so, the lead could give a brief statement about men's costumes as more uniform, etc. Even if the article doesn't expand its coverage of men, w/o something in the lead I'd wonder if the article is only about Palestinian women's costumes ( Not that there's anything wrong with that!). Thanks. HG | Talk 16:39, 10 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey HG. Expansion of the lead is a fine suggestion. I'll try to add to it soon, but if you get to it before me, great. I think the article does need some expansion to discuss men's clothing (eveb if its not all that interesting ;). Otherwise, you are correct in nothing that it's only about women's costumes. Tiamut 16:30, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
For pre-48, I suggest (1) Gender and societal variations (or, instead of societal, something to capture urban, rural, bedouin), (2) embroidery at same heading level, then (3) regional. I'll BRD this. The central region might need subheadings. Why the order, eg Ramallah first? Anyway, the two list should parallel the order of the town subsections. (Am I missing something?) Oh, looks like Jerusalem should be last, because it borrows from other towns. Otherwise, why not Bethlh - Hebr - Rmlah?
Also -- can the one point about Majdal be added to Gaza subunit (which mentions Majdal)? Maybe rename Southern and Coastal? Alternatively, why not drop the regional headings here, so there can be a distinct Bedouin section?
For post-48, it looks like it would help to maybe re-order some paragraphs and create 2 or 3 subunits. I'm hesitant to suggest the subheadings, since it would be helpful to keep the article from getting overly politicized (and thereby a bone of internal contention). Still, some para's are more about clothing, some focus on refugee settings, some more about political aspects. The last para, on collections, shouldn't that be moved below? Thanks. HG | Talk 17:16, 10 January 2008 (UTC)
The region where this proverb is used (the Galilee primarily) is an agriculturally rich area and the implication is that those working primarily in agriculture have less time to make elaborate embroidery. Anyway, I don't want to make explicit what the sources do not. I think leaving it as it is will allow the reader to make their own inferences (or not). But in any case, we show, not tell at Wikipedia, right? Tiamut 19:45, 16 January 2008 (UTC)An Arab proverb of this particular region, originally recorded by Gustaf Dalman in 1937, went: "embroidery signifies a lack of work."[20]
If some editors here have examples they could photograph and upload, I'd be glad to crop/edit the shots and identify specific techniques and stitches. Durova Charge! 03:40, 11 January 2008 (UTC)
Dear Durova,
I've finally managed to upload two pictures. They are:
I will try to take more pictures in locales around town. There's a great shop called Cactus that has a number of dresses with local village patterns. I know the owner quite well, so he might let me photograph them and distribute them here. I'll keep you updated. Tiamut talk 15:17, 23 January 2008 (UTC)
Galleries are discouraged at Wikipedia articles. Since this one already has a Commons category link, perhaps remove the gallery? Durova Charge! 10:41, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
I see the gallery images is now taken away. I would suggest replacing one or two of the pictures in the article now with one or two of pictures that were in the gallery. Especially, I would suggest replacing the (historical) picture of the "Bedouin women of Beersheba" with the image with the Bayt Jibrin and the Beersheba dresses. (The former gallery picture is simply far more detailed than the present Beersheba one.) Secondly; I would very much like the Jericho dress back -it represents a very special, unique type of dress that I was just going to add some more information about. Perhaps we can replace the "tourist" picture? Regards, Huldra ( talk) —Preceding comment was added at 20:28, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
There seems to be space problems. If all the images are shrunk, there'll be room for more. If people want to see bigger images, they can simply click on them. Funkynusayri ( talk) 00:06, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Well, I wasn't hinting at a re-inclusion of the gallery, simply more room for illustrative images within the article itself. Funkynusayri ( talk) 00:22, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
I've converted the Stillman citations to the same footnote format as the rest of the article uses. It would be a good idea to convert direct external links to footnotes. And FWIW, lists are discouraged at GA level. So if some of the lists were rewritten as paragraphs I think this would be pretty close to GA level. Durova Charge! 11:00, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
Done. I hope this edit didn't lose too much information. Double check, please? Durova Charge! 18:04, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
Huh? I think it is wonderful that so many have started to work on this article, but I don´t understand some of the edits. I added all the "(Stillman, p. 37)" etc. references in the text, and I had thought of converting it to refs at the end of the article. "Stillman" her ofcource referred to the book I had given in the "Bibliography"-section, namely:
...so where on earth does the "Steinbicker, Earl (2000). 50 one day adventures in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine" -reference come from?? Regards, Huldra ( talk) 20:18, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
There goes. BTW, could you tell me the book for this cite so that I can add it? Durova Charge! 00:32, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi Huldra, Durova. I'm going to try to set the references to the format used at Palestine. If you don't like it when I'm done, let me know or just revert it. Cool? Tiamut 01:24, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey guys (and ladies). I pretty much did the refs. I left in a few links without ref formatting in the "Headdress" sub-section since they jump to photos of the items in question. I hope that's okay. If not, let me know and I'll clean them up too.
Some questions:
One thing that would really help this page is a longer introduction. For an article of this size, three full paragraphs would be about right. I could read over the content and try to flesh that out (somewhat as an outsider). Mind if I post a draft here for the cultural experts to tweak? Durova Charge! 01:29, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
HG; I see you added two sentences in the lead, cited to Farsoun. Now; the second sentence is fine (about the importance of head-gear: very correct, AFAIK), but I´m not so happy with the first sentence you added ("Likewise, men's clothing varied by locale, status, and age") Men´s clothing varied so very, very much less than women´s. You could not tell what village a man was from by his clothing.. Do you think you could reword it, to reflect that? Regards,
Huldra (
talk) 20:59, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi Tiamut. I see that the Canaanite origins issue might come up again here. Are there countervailing voices? (Will this section be controversial?) Anyway, I did notice one sentence that seems possibly one-sided (though coming from a clear author): "...1200 BCE up until 1940, all Palestinian dresses were.." This implies a smooth continuity of "Palestinian" dresses, which might raise objections, so I'm wondering whether another term should be used or this qualified in some way. Thanks. HG | Talk 01:40, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
As long as it is clearly attributed to the author's voice, I don't see the problem. If you have a source that offer a contrary viewpoint on Palestinian dress, you are welcome to share it. Tiamut 01:42, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Though he does sometimes use phrases such as "New Testament-Palestine" or "ancient Palestine, rather than "Palestinian" to describe historical artifacts, the fact remains that he uses "Palestine" and not "region".By this time, as might be expected with such a hodge-podge of influences, Palestinians worshipped deities of many different origins. Of these the mother goddess, a local form of the Mesopotamian Ishtar, and her consort were the most important.
Just a few random notes: As some of you may have noticed, the http://www.palestinecostumearchive.org link is no longer working. However, it is all in the http://web.archive.org ...so I have been running around wikipedia changing all the links, typically [4], [5]. If I have missed some links to please change them. (Such a pity that that site is no longer up). However, I have just got hold of Shelagh Weir (1989): Palestinian Costume, London: British Museum Publications Ltd., and I do see that just about everything in the "background" and the "costume by region" in ww.palestinecostumearchive.org was taken from Weir. Typically, the Gustaf Dalman and the Henry Baker Tristram quotes are taken from Weir. One very interesting thing about Weir´s Palestinian Costume is the way she compares customs in two well-researched villages, namely the relatively poor village of Artas with the relatively rich village of Bayt Dajan. For Artas she relies on Hilma Granqvists writings and photos. For Bayt Dajan Shelagh Weir herself together with Widad Kawar sought out refugee women from Bayt Dajan all over the Middle East... The contrast is facinating. (Oh, and can´t somebody please get me a (public domain) picture of a Bay Dajan dress? Pleeeease...I´m begging...) Also, I think some of Hilma Granqvist writing is soon so old that it could be put in public domain? Wouldn´t it be great if her writing was available in, say, Project Gutenberg? Any volunteers ;-) (I can volunteer to give a resyme of Willman´s Ideal och verklighet: Hilma Granqvists studier av "Kvinnorna i Gamla testamentet" åren 1921-1925 (Yes; I read Swedish) ------One thing this comparison does, is to show how intimately the costumes were with customs. You received/bought/made certain items for certain occations. The BIG occation was of course ones marriage; to such a degree that it is difficult/impossible to write a complete article about the costumes without having an article about Palestinian marriage customs. A woman could dress in the style that was popular at the time of her wedding for the rest of her life.... so you could not only se what village/town she was from, but also when she got married! Also: in some parts one of the most important ceremonies was the (all-female!) "going-out-to-the-well" some days after the wedding; to celebrate a girls transformation into a married woman. The very finest dress was reserved for this occation (and *not* for the wedding-day itself).
One of the subject in Weir that was not available on www.palestinecostumearchive.org is 20-30 pages about mens wear. There is especially a bit about head were, how it could/did signal political or religious affiliation ...which I think could (should?) be added to the article. The Kaffiye is just the last link in a long tradition!
Also; it is absolutely fascinating for me, (comeing from a Christian Scandinavian background) to find that the pictures I grew up with in Sunday-school, showing "the time and life of Jesus" etc, etc....that the people there were actually dressed in....Palestinian clothing! Inspired by people like William Holman Hunt (who collected Palestinian costumes when he was in "The Holy land", and the dressed all his painted Biblical figures in those dresses!
Ok, that was just a few random notes, regards, Huldra ( talk) 03:08, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
One citation:
This section covers several different points. I'm wondering whether might be somewhat rearranged. It deals with motifs, amulets and imperfections, motifs, girls-marriage lifecycle, regional variations, and dyes. Also, some of the paraphrasing seems rather close to the original. E.g., source: "They also incorporated triangles--amulets-- to ward off the evil eye, a common superstition in the Middle East." us: "Triangles, used as amulets, were often used to ward off the "evil eye", a common superstition in the Middle East." (Also, that sentence comes from source #2, not 14.) Perhaps the motifs sentences can be made adjacent. Could the regional variations be moved to lead off the next section (By Region), or right beforehand with some kind of transition? thanks. HG | Talk 04:34, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
(outdent) It's not unusual for article improvement drives to sprout new articles. There's no particular deadline for improving them, although it's often fun to get them up to DYK standards in the first week. For that it takes at least one source, 1500 characters or more (about 300 words), and a DYK hook. An image that looks good at 100 pixels often helps. The folks at DYK get a lot of image submissions that are either buildings or people's heads, so a close-up of jewelry should get a positive response. Durova Charge! 22:06, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
The last part of the "Central Palestine" section (At least everything from the sentence: "In the 1930s, a Bethlehem...") is, AFAIK, only about Bayt Dajan. (The "Bethlehem visitor" was named Maneh Hazbun, and she wasn´t really a visitor, but went to live in Bayt Dajan when her brother bought some orange-groves there. Lots and lots about her in Weir, 1989.) I suggest we move this part to the Bayt Dajan-article; I think it is slightly too detailed to be in a "general" article about Palestinian costumes (at least when we are nearly drowning in information!) What do others think? Regards, Huldra ( talk) 21:19, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
There's still room to expand this (it wouldn't be a bad thing to double the introduction in length), yet I've made a first attempt at some changes, mostly copyediting. Please review for appropriateness and neutrality. Durova Charge! 21:58, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Proposed changes:
(outdent) Could you adjust the opening paragraph for neutrality in that case? And I'm curious what Palestinians have written about their own textile heritage, particularly from the 1940s and earlier. It appears that many of these women were illiterate (they embroidered instead of going to school) so it may be difficult to find sources where they discuss the subject in their own words. It's not particularly a problem for this article if the sources themselves tend to originate from one group of people rather than another, but it would be good to make the reader aware of any significant imalance. This is the kind of depth that sets GAs and FAs apart from other articles. The challenge when things reach this level is to restrain oneself from venturing into original research. Durova Charge! 23:57, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Found some more on the postcards and postmodern critiques. Embodying the nation: Maha Saca"s post-intifada postcards Annelies Moors in Ethnic and Racial Studies, Volume 23, Number 5, 1 September 2000 , pp. 871-887(17). (Abstract says: "It is argued that both the production and display of embroidered dresses and the particular ways in which these are presented on one set of picture postcards are part of the material formation of the Palestinian nation. Whereas the dresses on these postcards draw attention to a rural heritage that stands for territory and rootedness, the women-bodies presenting these dresses, both in their appearance and through the act of public presentation, express urban modernity. Such a style of representation avoids associations of the rural with “backwardness” and enables the inclusion of elements of the rural in the modern national project.")
Similarly (but less sympatico): "The Palestinian Peasant as National Signifier" Ted Swedenburg Anthropological Quarterly, Vol. 63, No. 1, Tendentious Revisions of the Past in the Construction of Community. (Jan., 1990), pp. 18-30. (Excerpt: "Let me now describe some cultural artifacts which convey something of the look and feel of this imagined rural way of life. Take a series of paint- ings of Palestinian villages by West-Bank artists, which in 1984-85 were for sale as postcard repro- ductions in the bookstores of Arab East Jerusalem. ... Farmers in qumbazes and kujyas (stereotypical peasant garb) guide plows, pulled by donkeys, through open fields. Women in brightly embroidered gowns deli- cately balance clay jugs of well-water on their heads and bake unleavened bread over small wood- burning ovens. None of the signs of modern life one encounters more frequently in today's West-Bank villages-tractors spewing diesel exhaust.... Although drawn in a representational style and given titles designating actual villages, the paintings' settings are difficult to situate temporally. It is as if the artists had selected residual slices of current rural life and blocked out manifes- tations of the industrial contemporary so as to de- pict a present solidly rooted in pre-modern culture. The villages thus rendered seem to inhabit a mythical rural past which is at the same time continuous with the present (Wright 1985: 176). The artwork abolishes the line separating past and present to evoke a timeless Palestinian tradition and culture. The images have a Biblical feel about them too, suggesting that the artists draw upon themes and procedures utilized by the photographers who pro- duced postcard visions of a timeless Holy Land for Western pilgrim-tourists earlier in this century (Moors and Machlin 1987; Graham-Brown 1980). Using similar images and methods, they convey the vision of a pristine Palestinian Arab culture rather than an unchanging Holy Land. These apparently mythicising and essentializing evocations of cultural authenticity, therefore, must be understood against the backdrop of the colonial reality.) Sorry for length but I figured you all would want to see it. Reduce font? Thanks. HG | Talk 14:37, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey everyone, I just want to note that I restored the info and "foreign travellers" in the lead. I think this is significant since a lot of what we know about Palestinian costume in the 19th century comes from their descriptions. Also the removal of the refernce to them made it sound as though Palestinian costume was only worn in the 19th and 20th centuries. Tiamut talk 18:03, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Meanwhile, both Huldra and I suggested merging the Collections section with some historiography. How about this for a heading: "The Collection and Historiography of Palestinian Costumes"? Or, add depictions, so we can go into postcards and other uses? Maybe: "Costume Collection, Research, and Display" thanks. HG | Talk 19:45, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
References
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Great improvements to the introduction! It's really impressive how far this article has come in just a few days. A few things I noticed tonight:
At the rate this is going we'll probably be ready for GAC soon. It may take weeks waiting for a review, so in the meantime let's keep making this better. If the article gets accepted for GA let's put it to peer review next and set our sights on FA. Keep up the good work. Durova Charge! 05:58, 17 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi Durova. Great work all around! To respond to the points you raised:
Finally, I'll try to find some references by Edward Said to Orientalism in descriptions of costume etc. I think I have a copy of Orientalism in my personal library, though since we recently moved things are still in disarray. If anything does turn up, I'll let you know.
Thanks for all your help. Tiamut talk 16:24, 17 January 2008 (UTC)
Considering that it is not an article related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, but rather a cultural article fundamentally related to Palestinian culture, I don't really want to see the issue get needlessly politicized, especially with a GA review underway. As a result, I don't think we should get into a terminological discussion of "Palestinian" here. Its already covered in Palestinian people and Definitions of Palestine and Palestinian. Perhaps some notes on the use of "Palestinian" in scholarly circles to decribe objects in the region would be good to add before the FAC step. But for now, I'd prefer to let sleeping dogs lie. Tiamut talk 20:23, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Looks like we're ready to give this a try. I've nominated here. Let's keep improving - it might be over a month before the reviewer gets here. Thanks for all the hard work! Setting sights on FAC... :) Durova Charge! 20:07, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Under the "Costume Collection, Research, and Display" section: "For example, the painter William Holman Hunt pulled together a collection now housed at the Royal Ontario Museum [32] Another painter of Biblical subjects at that time was Willam Hole, who collected Palestinian costumes with the advice of David Whiting, an expert collector of Palestinian village costume."
It appears to me that "Willam Hole" could simply be a misspelling of William Holman. Funkynusayri ( talk) 21:39, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
In Weir there is a picture of this painting by Hole: [10] (The white figure (=Jesus?) is cut out). Weir writes about this painting: "The women are portrayed in Bethlehem costumes, including the "green" dress (thob ikhdari), the embroidered veil (Khirkah) and the coat (qumbaz), probably of cotton (dima), brown overcoat (´abayeh), red tarbush and striped turban (laffeh). The authenticity of the costumes (for the late 19th century, but certainly not for Biblical times) is due to the fact that Hole was advised by David Whiting, a collector of, and expert on, Palestinian village costume." (From William Hole, The life of Jesus of Nazareth, 1906, plate 47). Quoted from Weir (1989), p.14.
In other words: If anybody can get hold of Hole´s: The life of Jesus of Nazareth from 1906 and upload plate 47 (or find a free image on the web?) ..we could add that, too. Regards, Huldra ( talk) 22:45, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
I'll crop them and upload them to Commons if any of them are needed. They were taking by an Australian photographer during the world wars (photos taken or published in Australia before 1955 are in the public domain).
By the way, don't we need some images of male costumes? I think I can get some from there too. Funkynusayri ( talk) 22:27, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi. I searched JSTOR for "Palestinian costumes" and added a few references with accompanying text, including stuff on Weir, the Israel Museum, and hijab in Gaza. I suppose in the section under headdress we should mention hijab, too. If this is a controversial/larger issue, then perhaps info on Gaza could be put into hijab and summary-style linked from here?
(Side question: I also found: "Women and Dower Property in Twentieth-Century Palestine: The Case of Jabal Nablus" (Annelies Moors. Islamic Law and Society, Vol. 1, No. 3, Gender, Family, and the Courts in Muslim Societies. (1994), pp. 301-331.) Very interesting, maybe at most a sentence here in section about social context of costume. However, I couldn't find an article for the bulk of the info here. Are there articles about Palestinian social practices, like marriage, role of Islamic law, etc?) Thanks. HG | Talk 12:32, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
Though the exhibit did not address contemporary politics and was positively received, it subtly presented the Palestinians as the dispossessed, eliciting criticism of Weir for supporting the Palestinian cause. [1]
I can't access the full text of the article. Could you add who criticized the exhibit? It's always good to attribute criticism, rather than makin it sound like its universal in character. Similarly, I attributed the critique of Orientalized portrayals in postcards directly to Semmerling, since its not clear that other critical scholars share in his assessment.
I also moved the hijab text to the top of the post-1948 section and cut it down a bit for flow and because this article's focus is traditional costume, and not contemporary fashions.
PS. I'm typing with one hand, so please be patient with me. Tiamut talk 13:38, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi HG. thanks for your elbow wishes. I think we should change my edit to better reflect Ahmed's tex. How about: "According to Akbar Ahmed, the exhibit received an overwhelmingly positive response, though Weir was sharply attacked for what was seen as an attempt to project the Palestinian cause."
If you like it, please change the article to read as such (save me some work in my incapacitated position:). About the stuff on Orientalism, I'll respond above. Tiamut talk 15:32, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
References
Maybe this is irrelevant, or maybe it will help structure this section. Currently lead para states: "Three distinct styles of Palestinian costume..." What are these three? (Is it Ramallah, Bethlehem, ....) At a minimum, I'd suggesting mentioning them upfront. Is it possible that the three styles would help structure the whole section? Otherwise, the section should be structured by the four (or more) towns mentioned at the outset. Thanks. HG | Talk 17:37, 23 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey HG. I think the "three distinct styles" refers to the the village, townspeople, and bedouin attire. Village people wearing dresses with local embroidery patterns or other distinctive identifiers according to the town they lives in, townspeoples adopting more contemporary Western fashions, and the bedouin wearing dresses with patterns that identify by their tribal affiliations. (Very rough summary, but I think you catch my drift). Tiamut talk 12:00, 25 January 2008 (UTC)
Thank you for the pass, and thanks everybody for great work here! Durova Charge! 23:30, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
Funkynusayri found a wonderful high resolution version of this at the Library of Congress and pinged me for a restoration. So the new version is in the article now and we'll probably conominate for featured picture candidacy. What eyes! Durova Charge! 23:16, 23 February 2008 (UTC)
It's all from a book published in lebanon in 1955. I'm sure there was overlap in the use of costumes worn in different parts of the Levant, so a certain description might not be exclusive to the specific place mentioned. Funkynusayri ( talk) 22:44, 7 May 2008 (UTC)
Good news: I've located a high resolution file of a woman in a Ramallah costume and restored it. Since this is now the best quality image we have and there are two Bethlehem photos already, I'm replacing the lead with the new image. Hope that's all right with everyone. Durova Charge! 08:43, 9 August 2008 (UTC)
In the last revision I edited, I found duplicate named references, i.e. references sharing the same name, but not having the same content. Please check them, as I am not able to fix them automatically :)
DumZiBoT ( talk) 12:42, 13 August 2008 (UTC)
Just brainstorming on things missing. Please add your thoughts.
1) A section on weaving. There is a little about that at Palestinian handicrafts which can be expanded and we can have a summary paragraph here that links back there for more info or vice versa. But we definitely need to mention local production of cloth and use in Palestinian costumes more.
2) More on men's dress? Or have we covered it enough now?
3) A section on Bedouin dress today in the post-1948 section. Tiamut talk 15:59, 24 November 2008 (UTC)
This picture is also in Weir, p.68-69. Weir writes in the caption: "Villagers in Halhul north of Hebron, 1940. They are waiting for an open-air film show. The younger men are wearing bedouin-style head cloths and head-ropes, while the older men retain the tarbush and laffeh."
I would like to insert this into the article (...always looking for men in Palestinian costumes!) However, the picture now is not very well balanced....could some technically-minded person please cut the top of this picture? And possible part of the guy to the right? Cheers, Huldra ( talk) 04:57, 23 July 2009 (UTC)
This is a wonderful article. One possible topic idea -- would there have been a difference between the traditional attire of Moslem and Christian Palestinians? Mtsmallwood ( talk) 06:42, 22 February 2009 (UTC)
Here's a book published in Lebanon in 1955 about Levantine costumes [1], including Palestinian, which could be used as a reference. here's a description of the dress of women from Betlehem [2] and from Ramallah [3]. On top of that, we could use the images in this article, since the photos are in the public domain due to age. FunkMonk ( talk) 15:01, 30 June 2009 (UTC)
References
I stumbled across this marvelous work and some others by contemporary Palestinian/Arab citizen of Israel artist Hoda Jamal. Some of her panels (like the examples at this rather unstable site or here if it isn't working [35] [36] [37] [38] or perhaps this one is better) are based on Palestinian costume designs/motifs. I wondered if anyone with the time, the inclination and better language skills than me might want to say something about her in this article or possibly the Palestinian art article. Although coverage of her work doesn't seem to be extensive or easy to find she seems to have had quite a few exhibitions since she started working as an artist in 1999. I thought her work might be of interest as it's Palestinian costume related but in a contemporary art context. Sean.hoyland - talk 17:01, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
Firstly I find this shut down excessive and trashy ... if not malicious. Anyway: The webpage that is stated to have been violated is extensively quoted as a reference. And yes, for example edit 3 June 2007,
"A new style of shawal dress, known as the "flag dress", was made for a limited period in the late 1980s and early 1990s, featuring embroidery predominantly in the colours of the Palestinian flag, and other nationalist motifs such as the flag and map of Palestine, the Dome of the Rock mosque, guns and grenades, or the pattern of the keffiyeh, worked into the structure of the qabbeh and the vertical skirt panels, or the shinyar. [1]"
is a lift from the article which has:
"This national pride was taken one step further with the creation of a new style of shawal dress specifically designed to the promote the intifada. Made for a limited period in the late 1980s and early 1990s, examples of these intifada style dresses (thought to have originated in Hebron) feature embroidery predominantly in the colours of the banned Palestinian flag, with embroidered nationalist motifs such as the flag and map of Palestine, the Dome of the Rock mosque, guns and grenades or the patterns of the kaffier," etc
But, hey, if we are to be that careful about re-wording I'm going to have to re-examine all my edits.
Lastly I see an editor (18/7/2007) claiming to be from the PCA has edited this page: shouldn't that be taken as concent?
O, and yes I would like the pictures which are my copyright to be put back on Wikipedia as part of an article about Palestinian costumes. Please. Padres Hana ( talk) 16:28, 12 March 2012 (UTC)
The current proposed text of this article was copied over to Talk:Palestinian costumes/Temp by User:Al Ameer son. I'm afraid that it is still not usable.
For instance, the duplication detector found issues in these passages.
The source says this:
The late 1960s saw the development of the "6 branch dress" style, named after the six vertical bands of embroidery that ran from waist to hem. Its widespread popularity marks it as the first post-1948 style to evolve without being tied to an established regional style. The "6 branch" is characterized by its curvilinear foliage and flower designs and its various "branches of birds" motifs (not all of which were actually birds). The patterns are primarily European. Preferred threads for embroidery were perle cotton, with multicoloured shaded threads popular in the 1970s and early 1980s.
In the refugee camps the 1980s concept of producing clothing for the Western market led to the development of the shawal style. The shawal was first produced in the camps in a pre-embroidered uncut form, assembled by the purchaser. It was made of heavy linen with the embroidery done straight onto the main fabric and was sold with a fringed shawl worked in the same manner. Embroidery reflected more Western influence with slim bands in the front and back joined by a single band at the bottom on both front and back. Western influence was also apparent in the modified slim line of the garment and the addition of bust darts. Motifs were usually geometric, with colours often favouring shaded cottons or European style colour choices: saru and ‘pashars tent’ remained common. Although originally developed for the foreign market the shawal became popular amongst women in Jordan and the Territories who wore it to represent an upmarket ‘traditional’ look - a sort of Palestinian haute couture.
The rewrite says this:
The "6 branch" style—named for the six vertical bands of embroidery that run from waist to hem—emerged in the 1960s and it was the first post-1948 style to evolve without being tied to an established regional style. It is characterized by its curvilinear foliage and flower designs and its various "branches of birds" motifs drawn primarily from European patterns. Perle cotton thread was most popularly used, with multicoloured shaded threads being popular in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Refugees producing clothing for consumption by Western markets led to the development of the shawal style in the 1980s. A pre-embroidered uncut form made of heavy linen would have embroidery added onto the main fabric which was sold with a fringed shawl similarly worked. Geometric embroidery motifs and the saru remained common in these pieces. Although originally developed for the foreign market, the shawal also became populat among women in Jordan and the occupied Palestinian territories as a kind of Palestinian haute couture.
Some sections of this are rewritten from scratch, but others are minimal alterations of the source material or simple rearrangements. Let's take the last sentence, for example, and bold all the content that is copied verbatim from the source: "Although originally developed for the foreign market, the shawal also became populat among [omitted: st] women in Jordan and the occupied Palestinian territories as a kind of Palestinian haute couture." Other passages similarly seem to follow very closely: "named for the six vertical bands of embroidery that run from waist to hem"; " the first post-1948 style to evolve without being tied to an established regional style"; "characterized by its curvilinear foliage and flower designs and its various "branches of birds" motifs".
Much of this enters as a pretty direct copy-paste in this edit and remains a clear derivative of that source.
While facts are not copyrightable, creative elements of presentation – including both structure and language – are. Wikipedia's copyright policies require that the content we take from non-free sources, aside from brief and clearly marked quotations, be rewritten from scratch. So that we can be sure it does not constitute a derivative work, this article should be rewritten completely without content copied from or closely paraphrased from that source, except for brief and clearly marked quotations. The essay Wikipedia:Close paraphrasing contains some suggestions for rewriting that may help avoid these issues. The article Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-04-13/Dispatches, while about plagiarism rather than copyright concerns, also contains some suggestions for reusing material from sources that may be helpful, beginning under "Avoiding plagiarism".
There may be other passages that are problematic; after confirming those two issues from the Duplication Detector report, I did not check further. Those are enough, I'm afraid, that I cannot replace the blanked version with the proposed rewrite.
If a rewrite is not completed, it may be necessary to restore the last presumed clean version of this article (sometime around here) to allow contributors to build it up from there with material that they can verify is neither copied from nor closely following sources. That would be awful. :( For those who have invested time into this article, I am truly sorry for the difficulties here, but unless we are able to get permission, we just can't risk infringing on the copyright of any other sources. -- Moonriddengirl (talk) 22:42, 24 March 2012 (UTC)
Passages flagged with problems |
---|
Today costume styles are best classified as refugee camp styles, Palestinian Territories styles and bedouin costume. Only among thebedouin does costume still retain elements of its traditional pre-1948 role. The styles of clothing worn today in the Palestinian Territories and in the refugee camps include Western dress and Islamic modesty dress as well as various forms of the so called "traditional" embroidered dresses. What is now identified as "traditional" is a much simpler garment in terms of construction and decoration. |
Local weaving practices had largely ceased and without access to the same quality of imported fabrics, costumes became less ornate and more practical. |
Embroidery also developed as a kind of cultural form not solely restricted to costume in the 1980s, as aid projects in the refugee camps encouraged the creation of new products.One young woman from the Sulafa UNRWA embroidery project has said: "... we no longer embroider in the style of our towns, we embroider for our houses and for our work. We embroidered cushions, clocks and maps of Palestine. Embroidery is our heritage. We love embroidery ... and we are proud of it" (Price 2000 p. 17). Each refugee camp or aid organization has developed certain stylistic characterizations with time. For example, Christian imagery such as stars, mangers and Christmas trees appear as common designs on products from aid agencies such as Sunbula that enjoy church funding. Projects in Lebanon such as those of Al-Badia are known for high quality embroidery in silk thread on dresses made of linen. [My note: the quote is fine, of course, but we have to acknowledge that we found it at the website, not in the book.) |
Garments were similar in construction to those in Galilee, with the wearing of long and short Turkish style jackets over the more common thob. Thobs for daily wear were often made of white cotton or linen, with a preference for winged sleeves. Summer costumes often incorporated interwoven striped bands of red, green and yellow on both front and back, with applique and braidwork popular for decoration on the chest panel.
Garments were similar in construction to those in Galilee, with the wearing of both long and short Turkish style jackets over the thob. For daily wear, thobs were often made of white cotton or linen, with a preference for winged sleeves. In the summer, costumes often incorporated interwoven striped bands of red, green and yellow on the front and back, with appliqué and braidwork popularly decorating the qabbeh
I'm so sorry, but the problems with the article are more extensive than originally identified. A copyright clear notes that there is copying from the book Palestinian costume by Shelagh Weir as well; there could be copying from other print sources. Even if we obtain permission from the Palestine Costume Archive, we will not have permission to reuse Weir's words (for one example [40]). The only way we're going to be able to use the temporary rewrite is if it is completely rewritten, I'm afraid. I wish it were not that way, but we cannot risk reinstating copyright problems, and we simply cannot check all of the sources.
I have restored this article to the last point prior to the introduction of suspect material. I have not yet deleted the subsequent versions, although we will need to do that. This is to permit the restoration to the article of all new content added by other contributors (as well as placement of images, etc.) and the removal of all content added by the contributor (who while editing in good faith did not realize that our copyright policies prohibited the content he was adding) from the temporary space. In terms of that rewrite, I would really strongly recommend that contributors take the easier route of simply starting over. The sources can be used - and if Palestine Costume Archives gives approval, their source can be used entirely - but the text simply cannot.
Even though it also constitutes a copyright problem, I am not deleting the article in the temporary space, but will give it more time for development.
Again, I'm very sorry that this is necessary. :( -- Moonriddengirl (talk) 13:36, 7 April 2012 (UTC)
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. Infringing material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Moonriddengirl (talk) 13:36, 7 April 2012 (UTC)
i mean if the same clothes have been wore anywhere else in the region or are a mix of typical clothes from syria,lebanon..anybody checked?-- Dorpwnz ( talk) 21:24, 24 March 2015 (UTC)
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I am impressed with how well-developed the article has become. However, I think there is a problem with the use of non-free images in the article. Wikipedia seeks to actively encourage people to create free content, so it has some strict restrictions on the use of images that are not free content (see WP:NONFREE). In particular, the posters and book covers should not be displayed as mere decoration without, say, critical commentary about the images themselves. Moreover, it seems possible that free images could be created as reasonable replacements for the non-free ones. If you disagree, then please feel free to get further opinions about the issue at WP:FUR. Otherwise, I'll remove the offending images in a few days. Sorry about this... nadav ( talk) 07:12, 22 August 2007 (UTC)
A couple of those pictures are discussed in the text briefly. But whatever. I don't really understand your objections and don't have much of an inclination to argue. I think it's a shame that you basically stripped the article of more than half its pictures and didn't even bother to redistribute those that remain in a decent fashion. Thanks for the additional work. Tiamat 21:54, 25 August 2007 (UTC)
By the way, there are no such pictures to be taken in Nazareth. We did not wear traditional Palestinian embroidery being a city in the Galilee where the style of clothing was more Westernized and consisted of floral print patterns. I have to go to Ramallah or Jerusalem to find such photographs. Tiamat 22:00, 25 August 2007 (UTC)
Some of these could perhaps be incorporated into a gallery section in the article. Sadly, they are are all black and white, since they are almost a 100 yrs old. But it adds some authenticity, I guess. Note, there are some duplicates in the list since they have a few nearly identical pictures under different titles.
Bethlehem woman. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/04600/04625v.jpg
A Nazareth mother http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/04600/04626v.jpg
A "Nazareth mother" http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/04600/04651v.jpg
Various types, etc. Peasant girl embroidering. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/05200/05294v.jpg
The Samaritans of Nablus (Shechhem). Interesting scroll-cover of embroidered silk. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01800/01824v.jpg
Ramallah woman in embroidered costume http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/00600/00662v.jpg
[Girl of Ramallah wearing embroidered dress] http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06863v.jpg
Bethlehem and surroundings. Bethlehem. Courtyard of an old home. Girls embroidering and sewing. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/02600/02603v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Shepherd. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06809v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Girls of Ramallah. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06848v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Bethlehem woman http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/00000/00067v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Peasant girl and her ornaments http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/00000/00077v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Bedouin women. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01273v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Bethlehem woman http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/11700/11764v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Mother and baby of Nazareth. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/05200/05266v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Nazareth bride. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01236v.jpg
Bedouin woman. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06833v.jpg
Bedouin woman. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06835v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. A Nazarene. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01293v.jpg
Agriculture, etc. A Nazareth maiden. In old Nazareth costume. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/02900/02968v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Woman of Nazareth. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01200/01237v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Veiled Mohammedan [i.e., Muslim] women. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06803v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Bust of a Bedouin. / American Colony, Jerusalem. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06826v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Bethlehem family. / American Colony, Jerusalem. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06814v.jpg
Costumes, characters, etc. Women of Beersheba. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/01300/01301v.jpg
Costumes and characters, etc. Bethlehem women gossiping. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06813v.jpg
Woman wearing dowry necklace. http://memory.loc.gov/pnp/matpc/06800/06847v.jpg —Preceding unsigned comment added by Nadav1 ( talk • contribs) 07:07, August 27, 2007 (UTC)
Thanks Nadav. These are quite beautiful, though sadly a little out of focus. What do mean by gallery section? External links? Tiamat 09:24, 27 August 2007 (UTC)
(unindent) The gallery code is simpler than some pages make it out to be. All that is necessary is
<gallery>
</gallery>
The image names (without brackets) are listed in between the gallery tags. See an example of a gallery here: Iraq War#Topical images. Unless set specifically in the gallery wikicode each viewer sees the default thumbnail image size set by the wiki software. Currently that is 100 pixels wide. The images can be captioned too. Here are some more pages with captioned galleries:
-- Timeshifter 18:29, 27 August 2007 (UTC)
Here is an article with an uncaptioned gallery:
The images that have 2 photos next to each other look like they might be stereoscopics, basically an old version of 3D. I can't be sure but its interesting if it is. Lordrichie ( talk) 00:09, 17 July 2012 (UTC)
The article is very good. Perhaps for the lead paragraphs, more could be said to recap or signal the main sections to come: so maybe add something about the garment types and the current collections. Also, if you don't mind my saying so, the lead could give a brief statement about men's costumes as more uniform, etc. Even if the article doesn't expand its coverage of men, w/o something in the lead I'd wonder if the article is only about Palestinian women's costumes ( Not that there's anything wrong with that!). Thanks. HG | Talk 16:39, 10 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey HG. Expansion of the lead is a fine suggestion. I'll try to add to it soon, but if you get to it before me, great. I think the article does need some expansion to discuss men's clothing (eveb if its not all that interesting ;). Otherwise, you are correct in nothing that it's only about women's costumes. Tiamut 16:30, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
For pre-48, I suggest (1) Gender and societal variations (or, instead of societal, something to capture urban, rural, bedouin), (2) embroidery at same heading level, then (3) regional. I'll BRD this. The central region might need subheadings. Why the order, eg Ramallah first? Anyway, the two list should parallel the order of the town subsections. (Am I missing something?) Oh, looks like Jerusalem should be last, because it borrows from other towns. Otherwise, why not Bethlh - Hebr - Rmlah?
Also -- can the one point about Majdal be added to Gaza subunit (which mentions Majdal)? Maybe rename Southern and Coastal? Alternatively, why not drop the regional headings here, so there can be a distinct Bedouin section?
For post-48, it looks like it would help to maybe re-order some paragraphs and create 2 or 3 subunits. I'm hesitant to suggest the subheadings, since it would be helpful to keep the article from getting overly politicized (and thereby a bone of internal contention). Still, some para's are more about clothing, some focus on refugee settings, some more about political aspects. The last para, on collections, shouldn't that be moved below? Thanks. HG | Talk 17:16, 10 January 2008 (UTC)
The region where this proverb is used (the Galilee primarily) is an agriculturally rich area and the implication is that those working primarily in agriculture have less time to make elaborate embroidery. Anyway, I don't want to make explicit what the sources do not. I think leaving it as it is will allow the reader to make their own inferences (or not). But in any case, we show, not tell at Wikipedia, right? Tiamut 19:45, 16 January 2008 (UTC)An Arab proverb of this particular region, originally recorded by Gustaf Dalman in 1937, went: "embroidery signifies a lack of work."[20]
If some editors here have examples they could photograph and upload, I'd be glad to crop/edit the shots and identify specific techniques and stitches. Durova Charge! 03:40, 11 January 2008 (UTC)
Dear Durova,
I've finally managed to upload two pictures. They are:
I will try to take more pictures in locales around town. There's a great shop called Cactus that has a number of dresses with local village patterns. I know the owner quite well, so he might let me photograph them and distribute them here. I'll keep you updated. Tiamut talk 15:17, 23 January 2008 (UTC)
Galleries are discouraged at Wikipedia articles. Since this one already has a Commons category link, perhaps remove the gallery? Durova Charge! 10:41, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
I see the gallery images is now taken away. I would suggest replacing one or two of the pictures in the article now with one or two of pictures that were in the gallery. Especially, I would suggest replacing the (historical) picture of the "Bedouin women of Beersheba" with the image with the Bayt Jibrin and the Beersheba dresses. (The former gallery picture is simply far more detailed than the present Beersheba one.) Secondly; I would very much like the Jericho dress back -it represents a very special, unique type of dress that I was just going to add some more information about. Perhaps we can replace the "tourist" picture? Regards, Huldra ( talk) —Preceding comment was added at 20:28, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
There seems to be space problems. If all the images are shrunk, there'll be room for more. If people want to see bigger images, they can simply click on them. Funkynusayri ( talk) 00:06, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Well, I wasn't hinting at a re-inclusion of the gallery, simply more room for illustrative images within the article itself. Funkynusayri ( talk) 00:22, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
I've converted the Stillman citations to the same footnote format as the rest of the article uses. It would be a good idea to convert direct external links to footnotes. And FWIW, lists are discouraged at GA level. So if some of the lists were rewritten as paragraphs I think this would be pretty close to GA level. Durova Charge! 11:00, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
Done. I hope this edit didn't lose too much information. Double check, please? Durova Charge! 18:04, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
Huh? I think it is wonderful that so many have started to work on this article, but I don´t understand some of the edits. I added all the "(Stillman, p. 37)" etc. references in the text, and I had thought of converting it to refs at the end of the article. "Stillman" her ofcource referred to the book I had given in the "Bibliography"-section, namely:
...so where on earth does the "Steinbicker, Earl (2000). 50 one day adventures in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine" -reference come from?? Regards, Huldra ( talk) 20:18, 15 January 2008 (UTC)
There goes. BTW, could you tell me the book for this cite so that I can add it? Durova Charge! 00:32, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi Huldra, Durova. I'm going to try to set the references to the format used at Palestine. If you don't like it when I'm done, let me know or just revert it. Cool? Tiamut 01:24, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey guys (and ladies). I pretty much did the refs. I left in a few links without ref formatting in the "Headdress" sub-section since they jump to photos of the items in question. I hope that's okay. If not, let me know and I'll clean them up too.
Some questions:
One thing that would really help this page is a longer introduction. For an article of this size, three full paragraphs would be about right. I could read over the content and try to flesh that out (somewhat as an outsider). Mind if I post a draft here for the cultural experts to tweak? Durova Charge! 01:29, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
HG; I see you added two sentences in the lead, cited to Farsoun. Now; the second sentence is fine (about the importance of head-gear: very correct, AFAIK), but I´m not so happy with the first sentence you added ("Likewise, men's clothing varied by locale, status, and age") Men´s clothing varied so very, very much less than women´s. You could not tell what village a man was from by his clothing.. Do you think you could reword it, to reflect that? Regards,
Huldra (
talk) 20:59, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi Tiamut. I see that the Canaanite origins issue might come up again here. Are there countervailing voices? (Will this section be controversial?) Anyway, I did notice one sentence that seems possibly one-sided (though coming from a clear author): "...1200 BCE up until 1940, all Palestinian dresses were.." This implies a smooth continuity of "Palestinian" dresses, which might raise objections, so I'm wondering whether another term should be used or this qualified in some way. Thanks. HG | Talk 01:40, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
As long as it is clearly attributed to the author's voice, I don't see the problem. If you have a source that offer a contrary viewpoint on Palestinian dress, you are welcome to share it. Tiamut 01:42, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Though he does sometimes use phrases such as "New Testament-Palestine" or "ancient Palestine, rather than "Palestinian" to describe historical artifacts, the fact remains that he uses "Palestine" and not "region".By this time, as might be expected with such a hodge-podge of influences, Palestinians worshipped deities of many different origins. Of these the mother goddess, a local form of the Mesopotamian Ishtar, and her consort were the most important.
Just a few random notes: As some of you may have noticed, the http://www.palestinecostumearchive.org link is no longer working. However, it is all in the http://web.archive.org ...so I have been running around wikipedia changing all the links, typically [4], [5]. If I have missed some links to please change them. (Such a pity that that site is no longer up). However, I have just got hold of Shelagh Weir (1989): Palestinian Costume, London: British Museum Publications Ltd., and I do see that just about everything in the "background" and the "costume by region" in ww.palestinecostumearchive.org was taken from Weir. Typically, the Gustaf Dalman and the Henry Baker Tristram quotes are taken from Weir. One very interesting thing about Weir´s Palestinian Costume is the way she compares customs in two well-researched villages, namely the relatively poor village of Artas with the relatively rich village of Bayt Dajan. For Artas she relies on Hilma Granqvists writings and photos. For Bayt Dajan Shelagh Weir herself together with Widad Kawar sought out refugee women from Bayt Dajan all over the Middle East... The contrast is facinating. (Oh, and can´t somebody please get me a (public domain) picture of a Bay Dajan dress? Pleeeease...I´m begging...) Also, I think some of Hilma Granqvist writing is soon so old that it could be put in public domain? Wouldn´t it be great if her writing was available in, say, Project Gutenberg? Any volunteers ;-) (I can volunteer to give a resyme of Willman´s Ideal och verklighet: Hilma Granqvists studier av "Kvinnorna i Gamla testamentet" åren 1921-1925 (Yes; I read Swedish) ------One thing this comparison does, is to show how intimately the costumes were with customs. You received/bought/made certain items for certain occations. The BIG occation was of course ones marriage; to such a degree that it is difficult/impossible to write a complete article about the costumes without having an article about Palestinian marriage customs. A woman could dress in the style that was popular at the time of her wedding for the rest of her life.... so you could not only se what village/town she was from, but also when she got married! Also: in some parts one of the most important ceremonies was the (all-female!) "going-out-to-the-well" some days after the wedding; to celebrate a girls transformation into a married woman. The very finest dress was reserved for this occation (and *not* for the wedding-day itself).
One of the subject in Weir that was not available on www.palestinecostumearchive.org is 20-30 pages about mens wear. There is especially a bit about head were, how it could/did signal political or religious affiliation ...which I think could (should?) be added to the article. The Kaffiye is just the last link in a long tradition!
Also; it is absolutely fascinating for me, (comeing from a Christian Scandinavian background) to find that the pictures I grew up with in Sunday-school, showing "the time and life of Jesus" etc, etc....that the people there were actually dressed in....Palestinian clothing! Inspired by people like William Holman Hunt (who collected Palestinian costumes when he was in "The Holy land", and the dressed all his painted Biblical figures in those dresses!
Ok, that was just a few random notes, regards, Huldra ( talk) 03:08, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
One citation:
This section covers several different points. I'm wondering whether might be somewhat rearranged. It deals with motifs, amulets and imperfections, motifs, girls-marriage lifecycle, regional variations, and dyes. Also, some of the paraphrasing seems rather close to the original. E.g., source: "They also incorporated triangles--amulets-- to ward off the evil eye, a common superstition in the Middle East." us: "Triangles, used as amulets, were often used to ward off the "evil eye", a common superstition in the Middle East." (Also, that sentence comes from source #2, not 14.) Perhaps the motifs sentences can be made adjacent. Could the regional variations be moved to lead off the next section (By Region), or right beforehand with some kind of transition? thanks. HG | Talk 04:34, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
(outdent) It's not unusual for article improvement drives to sprout new articles. There's no particular deadline for improving them, although it's often fun to get them up to DYK standards in the first week. For that it takes at least one source, 1500 characters or more (about 300 words), and a DYK hook. An image that looks good at 100 pixels often helps. The folks at DYK get a lot of image submissions that are either buildings or people's heads, so a close-up of jewelry should get a positive response. Durova Charge! 22:06, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
The last part of the "Central Palestine" section (At least everything from the sentence: "In the 1930s, a Bethlehem...") is, AFAIK, only about Bayt Dajan. (The "Bethlehem visitor" was named Maneh Hazbun, and she wasn´t really a visitor, but went to live in Bayt Dajan when her brother bought some orange-groves there. Lots and lots about her in Weir, 1989.) I suggest we move this part to the Bayt Dajan-article; I think it is slightly too detailed to be in a "general" article about Palestinian costumes (at least when we are nearly drowning in information!) What do others think? Regards, Huldra ( talk) 21:19, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
There's still room to expand this (it wouldn't be a bad thing to double the introduction in length), yet I've made a first attempt at some changes, mostly copyediting. Please review for appropriateness and neutrality. Durova Charge! 21:58, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Proposed changes:
(outdent) Could you adjust the opening paragraph for neutrality in that case? And I'm curious what Palestinians have written about their own textile heritage, particularly from the 1940s and earlier. It appears that many of these women were illiterate (they embroidered instead of going to school) so it may be difficult to find sources where they discuss the subject in their own words. It's not particularly a problem for this article if the sources themselves tend to originate from one group of people rather than another, but it would be good to make the reader aware of any significant imalance. This is the kind of depth that sets GAs and FAs apart from other articles. The challenge when things reach this level is to restrain oneself from venturing into original research. Durova Charge! 23:57, 16 January 2008 (UTC)
Found some more on the postcards and postmodern critiques. Embodying the nation: Maha Saca"s post-intifada postcards Annelies Moors in Ethnic and Racial Studies, Volume 23, Number 5, 1 September 2000 , pp. 871-887(17). (Abstract says: "It is argued that both the production and display of embroidered dresses and the particular ways in which these are presented on one set of picture postcards are part of the material formation of the Palestinian nation. Whereas the dresses on these postcards draw attention to a rural heritage that stands for territory and rootedness, the women-bodies presenting these dresses, both in their appearance and through the act of public presentation, express urban modernity. Such a style of representation avoids associations of the rural with “backwardness” and enables the inclusion of elements of the rural in the modern national project.")
Similarly (but less sympatico): "The Palestinian Peasant as National Signifier" Ted Swedenburg Anthropological Quarterly, Vol. 63, No. 1, Tendentious Revisions of the Past in the Construction of Community. (Jan., 1990), pp. 18-30. (Excerpt: "Let me now describe some cultural artifacts which convey something of the look and feel of this imagined rural way of life. Take a series of paint- ings of Palestinian villages by West-Bank artists, which in 1984-85 were for sale as postcard repro- ductions in the bookstores of Arab East Jerusalem. ... Farmers in qumbazes and kujyas (stereotypical peasant garb) guide plows, pulled by donkeys, through open fields. Women in brightly embroidered gowns deli- cately balance clay jugs of well-water on their heads and bake unleavened bread over small wood- burning ovens. None of the signs of modern life one encounters more frequently in today's West-Bank villages-tractors spewing diesel exhaust.... Although drawn in a representational style and given titles designating actual villages, the paintings' settings are difficult to situate temporally. It is as if the artists had selected residual slices of current rural life and blocked out manifes- tations of the industrial contemporary so as to de- pict a present solidly rooted in pre-modern culture. The villages thus rendered seem to inhabit a mythical rural past which is at the same time continuous with the present (Wright 1985: 176). The artwork abolishes the line separating past and present to evoke a timeless Palestinian tradition and culture. The images have a Biblical feel about them too, suggesting that the artists draw upon themes and procedures utilized by the photographers who pro- duced postcard visions of a timeless Holy Land for Western pilgrim-tourists earlier in this century (Moors and Machlin 1987; Graham-Brown 1980). Using similar images and methods, they convey the vision of a pristine Palestinian Arab culture rather than an unchanging Holy Land. These apparently mythicising and essentializing evocations of cultural authenticity, therefore, must be understood against the backdrop of the colonial reality.) Sorry for length but I figured you all would want to see it. Reduce font? Thanks. HG | Talk 14:37, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey everyone, I just want to note that I restored the info and "foreign travellers" in the lead. I think this is significant since a lot of what we know about Palestinian costume in the 19th century comes from their descriptions. Also the removal of the refernce to them made it sound as though Palestinian costume was only worn in the 19th and 20th centuries. Tiamut talk 18:03, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Meanwhile, both Huldra and I suggested merging the Collections section with some historiography. How about this for a heading: "The Collection and Historiography of Palestinian Costumes"? Or, add depictions, so we can go into postcards and other uses? Maybe: "Costume Collection, Research, and Display" thanks. HG | Talk 19:45, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
References
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Great improvements to the introduction! It's really impressive how far this article has come in just a few days. A few things I noticed tonight:
At the rate this is going we'll probably be ready for GAC soon. It may take weeks waiting for a review, so in the meantime let's keep making this better. If the article gets accepted for GA let's put it to peer review next and set our sights on FA. Keep up the good work. Durova Charge! 05:58, 17 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi Durova. Great work all around! To respond to the points you raised:
Finally, I'll try to find some references by Edward Said to Orientalism in descriptions of costume etc. I think I have a copy of Orientalism in my personal library, though since we recently moved things are still in disarray. If anything does turn up, I'll let you know.
Thanks for all your help. Tiamut talk 16:24, 17 January 2008 (UTC)
Considering that it is not an article related to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, but rather a cultural article fundamentally related to Palestinian culture, I don't really want to see the issue get needlessly politicized, especially with a GA review underway. As a result, I don't think we should get into a terminological discussion of "Palestinian" here. Its already covered in Palestinian people and Definitions of Palestine and Palestinian. Perhaps some notes on the use of "Palestinian" in scholarly circles to decribe objects in the region would be good to add before the FAC step. But for now, I'd prefer to let sleeping dogs lie. Tiamut talk 20:23, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Looks like we're ready to give this a try. I've nominated here. Let's keep improving - it might be over a month before the reviewer gets here. Thanks for all the hard work! Setting sights on FAC... :) Durova Charge! 20:07, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Under the "Costume Collection, Research, and Display" section: "For example, the painter William Holman Hunt pulled together a collection now housed at the Royal Ontario Museum [32] Another painter of Biblical subjects at that time was Willam Hole, who collected Palestinian costumes with the advice of David Whiting, an expert collector of Palestinian village costume."
It appears to me that "Willam Hole" could simply be a misspelling of William Holman. Funkynusayri ( talk) 21:39, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
In Weir there is a picture of this painting by Hole: [10] (The white figure (=Jesus?) is cut out). Weir writes about this painting: "The women are portrayed in Bethlehem costumes, including the "green" dress (thob ikhdari), the embroidered veil (Khirkah) and the coat (qumbaz), probably of cotton (dima), brown overcoat (´abayeh), red tarbush and striped turban (laffeh). The authenticity of the costumes (for the late 19th century, but certainly not for Biblical times) is due to the fact that Hole was advised by David Whiting, a collector of, and expert on, Palestinian village costume." (From William Hole, The life of Jesus of Nazareth, 1906, plate 47). Quoted from Weir (1989), p.14.
In other words: If anybody can get hold of Hole´s: The life of Jesus of Nazareth from 1906 and upload plate 47 (or find a free image on the web?) ..we could add that, too. Regards, Huldra ( talk) 22:45, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
I'll crop them and upload them to Commons if any of them are needed. They were taking by an Australian photographer during the world wars (photos taken or published in Australia before 1955 are in the public domain).
By the way, don't we need some images of male costumes? I think I can get some from there too. Funkynusayri ( talk) 22:27, 18 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi. I searched JSTOR for "Palestinian costumes" and added a few references with accompanying text, including stuff on Weir, the Israel Museum, and hijab in Gaza. I suppose in the section under headdress we should mention hijab, too. If this is a controversial/larger issue, then perhaps info on Gaza could be put into hijab and summary-style linked from here?
(Side question: I also found: "Women and Dower Property in Twentieth-Century Palestine: The Case of Jabal Nablus" (Annelies Moors. Islamic Law and Society, Vol. 1, No. 3, Gender, Family, and the Courts in Muslim Societies. (1994), pp. 301-331.) Very interesting, maybe at most a sentence here in section about social context of costume. However, I couldn't find an article for the bulk of the info here. Are there articles about Palestinian social practices, like marriage, role of Islamic law, etc?) Thanks. HG | Talk 12:32, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
Though the exhibit did not address contemporary politics and was positively received, it subtly presented the Palestinians as the dispossessed, eliciting criticism of Weir for supporting the Palestinian cause. [1]
I can't access the full text of the article. Could you add who criticized the exhibit? It's always good to attribute criticism, rather than makin it sound like its universal in character. Similarly, I attributed the critique of Orientalized portrayals in postcards directly to Semmerling, since its not clear that other critical scholars share in his assessment.
I also moved the hijab text to the top of the post-1948 section and cut it down a bit for flow and because this article's focus is traditional costume, and not contemporary fashions.
PS. I'm typing with one hand, so please be patient with me. Tiamut talk 13:38, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
Hi HG. thanks for your elbow wishes. I think we should change my edit to better reflect Ahmed's tex. How about: "According to Akbar Ahmed, the exhibit received an overwhelmingly positive response, though Weir was sharply attacked for what was seen as an attempt to project the Palestinian cause."
If you like it, please change the article to read as such (save me some work in my incapacitated position:). About the stuff on Orientalism, I'll respond above. Tiamut talk 15:32, 20 January 2008 (UTC)
References
Maybe this is irrelevant, or maybe it will help structure this section. Currently lead para states: "Three distinct styles of Palestinian costume..." What are these three? (Is it Ramallah, Bethlehem, ....) At a minimum, I'd suggesting mentioning them upfront. Is it possible that the three styles would help structure the whole section? Otherwise, the section should be structured by the four (or more) towns mentioned at the outset. Thanks. HG | Talk 17:37, 23 January 2008 (UTC)
Hey HG. I think the "three distinct styles" refers to the the village, townspeople, and bedouin attire. Village people wearing dresses with local embroidery patterns or other distinctive identifiers according to the town they lives in, townspeoples adopting more contemporary Western fashions, and the bedouin wearing dresses with patterns that identify by their tribal affiliations. (Very rough summary, but I think you catch my drift). Tiamut talk 12:00, 25 January 2008 (UTC)
Thank you for the pass, and thanks everybody for great work here! Durova Charge! 23:30, 18 February 2008 (UTC)
Funkynusayri found a wonderful high resolution version of this at the Library of Congress and pinged me for a restoration. So the new version is in the article now and we'll probably conominate for featured picture candidacy. What eyes! Durova Charge! 23:16, 23 February 2008 (UTC)
It's all from a book published in lebanon in 1955. I'm sure there was overlap in the use of costumes worn in different parts of the Levant, so a certain description might not be exclusive to the specific place mentioned. Funkynusayri ( talk) 22:44, 7 May 2008 (UTC)
Good news: I've located a high resolution file of a woman in a Ramallah costume and restored it. Since this is now the best quality image we have and there are two Bethlehem photos already, I'm replacing the lead with the new image. Hope that's all right with everyone. Durova Charge! 08:43, 9 August 2008 (UTC)
In the last revision I edited, I found duplicate named references, i.e. references sharing the same name, but not having the same content. Please check them, as I am not able to fix them automatically :)
DumZiBoT ( talk) 12:42, 13 August 2008 (UTC)
Just brainstorming on things missing. Please add your thoughts.
1) A section on weaving. There is a little about that at Palestinian handicrafts which can be expanded and we can have a summary paragraph here that links back there for more info or vice versa. But we definitely need to mention local production of cloth and use in Palestinian costumes more.
2) More on men's dress? Or have we covered it enough now?
3) A section on Bedouin dress today in the post-1948 section. Tiamut talk 15:59, 24 November 2008 (UTC)
This picture is also in Weir, p.68-69. Weir writes in the caption: "Villagers in Halhul north of Hebron, 1940. They are waiting for an open-air film show. The younger men are wearing bedouin-style head cloths and head-ropes, while the older men retain the tarbush and laffeh."
I would like to insert this into the article (...always looking for men in Palestinian costumes!) However, the picture now is not very well balanced....could some technically-minded person please cut the top of this picture? And possible part of the guy to the right? Cheers, Huldra ( talk) 04:57, 23 July 2009 (UTC)
This is a wonderful article. One possible topic idea -- would there have been a difference between the traditional attire of Moslem and Christian Palestinians? Mtsmallwood ( talk) 06:42, 22 February 2009 (UTC)
Here's a book published in Lebanon in 1955 about Levantine costumes [1], including Palestinian, which could be used as a reference. here's a description of the dress of women from Betlehem [2] and from Ramallah [3]. On top of that, we could use the images in this article, since the photos are in the public domain due to age. FunkMonk ( talk) 15:01, 30 June 2009 (UTC)
References
I stumbled across this marvelous work and some others by contemporary Palestinian/Arab citizen of Israel artist Hoda Jamal. Some of her panels (like the examples at this rather unstable site or here if it isn't working [35] [36] [37] [38] or perhaps this one is better) are based on Palestinian costume designs/motifs. I wondered if anyone with the time, the inclination and better language skills than me might want to say something about her in this article or possibly the Palestinian art article. Although coverage of her work doesn't seem to be extensive or easy to find she seems to have had quite a few exhibitions since she started working as an artist in 1999. I thought her work might be of interest as it's Palestinian costume related but in a contemporary art context. Sean.hoyland - talk 17:01, 16 June 2010 (UTC)
Firstly I find this shut down excessive and trashy ... if not malicious. Anyway: The webpage that is stated to have been violated is extensively quoted as a reference. And yes, for example edit 3 June 2007,
"A new style of shawal dress, known as the "flag dress", was made for a limited period in the late 1980s and early 1990s, featuring embroidery predominantly in the colours of the Palestinian flag, and other nationalist motifs such as the flag and map of Palestine, the Dome of the Rock mosque, guns and grenades, or the pattern of the keffiyeh, worked into the structure of the qabbeh and the vertical skirt panels, or the shinyar. [1]"
is a lift from the article which has:
"This national pride was taken one step further with the creation of a new style of shawal dress specifically designed to the promote the intifada. Made for a limited period in the late 1980s and early 1990s, examples of these intifada style dresses (thought to have originated in Hebron) feature embroidery predominantly in the colours of the banned Palestinian flag, with embroidered nationalist motifs such as the flag and map of Palestine, the Dome of the Rock mosque, guns and grenades or the patterns of the kaffier," etc
But, hey, if we are to be that careful about re-wording I'm going to have to re-examine all my edits.
Lastly I see an editor (18/7/2007) claiming to be from the PCA has edited this page: shouldn't that be taken as concent?
O, and yes I would like the pictures which are my copyright to be put back on Wikipedia as part of an article about Palestinian costumes. Please. Padres Hana ( talk) 16:28, 12 March 2012 (UTC)
The current proposed text of this article was copied over to Talk:Palestinian costumes/Temp by User:Al Ameer son. I'm afraid that it is still not usable.
For instance, the duplication detector found issues in these passages.
The source says this:
The late 1960s saw the development of the "6 branch dress" style, named after the six vertical bands of embroidery that ran from waist to hem. Its widespread popularity marks it as the first post-1948 style to evolve without being tied to an established regional style. The "6 branch" is characterized by its curvilinear foliage and flower designs and its various "branches of birds" motifs (not all of which were actually birds). The patterns are primarily European. Preferred threads for embroidery were perle cotton, with multicoloured shaded threads popular in the 1970s and early 1980s.
In the refugee camps the 1980s concept of producing clothing for the Western market led to the development of the shawal style. The shawal was first produced in the camps in a pre-embroidered uncut form, assembled by the purchaser. It was made of heavy linen with the embroidery done straight onto the main fabric and was sold with a fringed shawl worked in the same manner. Embroidery reflected more Western influence with slim bands in the front and back joined by a single band at the bottom on both front and back. Western influence was also apparent in the modified slim line of the garment and the addition of bust darts. Motifs were usually geometric, with colours often favouring shaded cottons or European style colour choices: saru and ‘pashars tent’ remained common. Although originally developed for the foreign market the shawal became popular amongst women in Jordan and the Territories who wore it to represent an upmarket ‘traditional’ look - a sort of Palestinian haute couture.
The rewrite says this:
The "6 branch" style—named for the six vertical bands of embroidery that run from waist to hem—emerged in the 1960s and it was the first post-1948 style to evolve without being tied to an established regional style. It is characterized by its curvilinear foliage and flower designs and its various "branches of birds" motifs drawn primarily from European patterns. Perle cotton thread was most popularly used, with multicoloured shaded threads being popular in the 1970s and early 1980s.
Refugees producing clothing for consumption by Western markets led to the development of the shawal style in the 1980s. A pre-embroidered uncut form made of heavy linen would have embroidery added onto the main fabric which was sold with a fringed shawl similarly worked. Geometric embroidery motifs and the saru remained common in these pieces. Although originally developed for the foreign market, the shawal also became populat among women in Jordan and the occupied Palestinian territories as a kind of Palestinian haute couture.
Some sections of this are rewritten from scratch, but others are minimal alterations of the source material or simple rearrangements. Let's take the last sentence, for example, and bold all the content that is copied verbatim from the source: "Although originally developed for the foreign market, the shawal also became populat among [omitted: st] women in Jordan and the occupied Palestinian territories as a kind of Palestinian haute couture." Other passages similarly seem to follow very closely: "named for the six vertical bands of embroidery that run from waist to hem"; " the first post-1948 style to evolve without being tied to an established regional style"; "characterized by its curvilinear foliage and flower designs and its various "branches of birds" motifs".
Much of this enters as a pretty direct copy-paste in this edit and remains a clear derivative of that source.
While facts are not copyrightable, creative elements of presentation – including both structure and language – are. Wikipedia's copyright policies require that the content we take from non-free sources, aside from brief and clearly marked quotations, be rewritten from scratch. So that we can be sure it does not constitute a derivative work, this article should be rewritten completely without content copied from or closely paraphrased from that source, except for brief and clearly marked quotations. The essay Wikipedia:Close paraphrasing contains some suggestions for rewriting that may help avoid these issues. The article Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2009-04-13/Dispatches, while about plagiarism rather than copyright concerns, also contains some suggestions for reusing material from sources that may be helpful, beginning under "Avoiding plagiarism".
There may be other passages that are problematic; after confirming those two issues from the Duplication Detector report, I did not check further. Those are enough, I'm afraid, that I cannot replace the blanked version with the proposed rewrite.
If a rewrite is not completed, it may be necessary to restore the last presumed clean version of this article (sometime around here) to allow contributors to build it up from there with material that they can verify is neither copied from nor closely following sources. That would be awful. :( For those who have invested time into this article, I am truly sorry for the difficulties here, but unless we are able to get permission, we just can't risk infringing on the copyright of any other sources. -- Moonriddengirl (talk) 22:42, 24 March 2012 (UTC)
Passages flagged with problems |
---|
Today costume styles are best classified as refugee camp styles, Palestinian Territories styles and bedouin costume. Only among thebedouin does costume still retain elements of its traditional pre-1948 role. The styles of clothing worn today in the Palestinian Territories and in the refugee camps include Western dress and Islamic modesty dress as well as various forms of the so called "traditional" embroidered dresses. What is now identified as "traditional" is a much simpler garment in terms of construction and decoration. |
Local weaving practices had largely ceased and without access to the same quality of imported fabrics, costumes became less ornate and more practical. |
Embroidery also developed as a kind of cultural form not solely restricted to costume in the 1980s, as aid projects in the refugee camps encouraged the creation of new products.One young woman from the Sulafa UNRWA embroidery project has said: "... we no longer embroider in the style of our towns, we embroider for our houses and for our work. We embroidered cushions, clocks and maps of Palestine. Embroidery is our heritage. We love embroidery ... and we are proud of it" (Price 2000 p. 17). Each refugee camp or aid organization has developed certain stylistic characterizations with time. For example, Christian imagery such as stars, mangers and Christmas trees appear as common designs on products from aid agencies such as Sunbula that enjoy church funding. Projects in Lebanon such as those of Al-Badia are known for high quality embroidery in silk thread on dresses made of linen. [My note: the quote is fine, of course, but we have to acknowledge that we found it at the website, not in the book.) |
Garments were similar in construction to those in Galilee, with the wearing of long and short Turkish style jackets over the more common thob. Thobs for daily wear were often made of white cotton or linen, with a preference for winged sleeves. Summer costumes often incorporated interwoven striped bands of red, green and yellow on both front and back, with applique and braidwork popular for decoration on the chest panel.
Garments were similar in construction to those in Galilee, with the wearing of both long and short Turkish style jackets over the thob. For daily wear, thobs were often made of white cotton or linen, with a preference for winged sleeves. In the summer, costumes often incorporated interwoven striped bands of red, green and yellow on the front and back, with appliqué and braidwork popularly decorating the qabbeh
I'm so sorry, but the problems with the article are more extensive than originally identified. A copyright clear notes that there is copying from the book Palestinian costume by Shelagh Weir as well; there could be copying from other print sources. Even if we obtain permission from the Palestine Costume Archive, we will not have permission to reuse Weir's words (for one example [40]). The only way we're going to be able to use the temporary rewrite is if it is completely rewritten, I'm afraid. I wish it were not that way, but we cannot risk reinstating copyright problems, and we simply cannot check all of the sources.
I have restored this article to the last point prior to the introduction of suspect material. I have not yet deleted the subsequent versions, although we will need to do that. This is to permit the restoration to the article of all new content added by other contributors (as well as placement of images, etc.) and the removal of all content added by the contributor (who while editing in good faith did not realize that our copyright policies prohibited the content he was adding) from the temporary space. In terms of that rewrite, I would really strongly recommend that contributors take the easier route of simply starting over. The sources can be used - and if Palestine Costume Archives gives approval, their source can be used entirely - but the text simply cannot.
Even though it also constitutes a copyright problem, I am not deleting the article in the temporary space, but will give it more time for development.
Again, I'm very sorry that this is necessary. :( -- Moonriddengirl (talk) 13:36, 7 April 2012 (UTC)
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. Infringing material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Moonriddengirl (talk) 13:36, 7 April 2012 (UTC)
i mean if the same clothes have been wore anywhere else in the region or are a mix of typical clothes from syria,lebanon..anybody checked?-- Dorpwnz ( talk) 21:24, 24 March 2015 (UTC)
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I have just modified 3 external links on Palestinian costumes. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot ( Report bug) 08:35, 13 January 2017 (UTC)
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion:
Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. — Community Tech bot ( talk) 15:36, 3 April 2019 (UTC)