S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase | |||||||
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![]() SAH hydrolase tetramer, Human | |||||||
Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | AHCY | ||||||
NCBI gene | 191 | ||||||
HGNC | 343 | ||||||
OMIM | 180960 | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_000687 | ||||||
UniProt | P23526 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 3.3.1.1 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 20 q11.22 | ||||||
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S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase | |||||||||||
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![]() Structure of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase from rat liver.
[1] | |||||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||||
Symbol | Ad_hcy_hydrolase | ||||||||||
Pfam | PF05221 | ||||||||||
InterPro | IPR000043 | ||||||||||
PROSITE | PDOC00603 | ||||||||||
SCOP2 | 1b3r / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||||
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AdoHcyase NAD-binding domain | |||||||||
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![]() d244e mutant s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase refined with noncrystallographic restraints | |||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | AdoHcyase_NAD | ||||||||
Pfam | PF00670 | ||||||||
Pfam clan | CL0063 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR015878 | ||||||||
PROSITE | PDOC00603 | ||||||||
SCOP2 | 1b3r / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
|
Adenosylhomocysteinase ( EC 3.13.2.1, S-adenosylhomocysteine synthase, S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, S-adenosylhomocysteinase, SAHase, AdoHcyase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent, reversible hydrolysis of S-adenosylhomocysteine to homocysteine and adenosine. [2] [3]
AdoHcyase is a highly conserved protein [4] with about 430 to 470 amino acids. The family contains a glycine-rich region in the central part of AdoHcyase; a region thought to be involved in NAD-binding. AdoHcyase binds one NAD+ cofactor per subunit. This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation. [5]
Overall hydrolysis begins with dehydrogenative oxidation of the 3'-OH of the ribose by NAD+ (forming NADH). The resulting ketone is α-deprotonated to the enol before elimination of the homocysteine thiolate. Water then adds to the a,b-unsaturated ketone, before reduction of the resultant ketone by NADH.
AdoHcyase is encoded by the AHCY gene in humans, [6] [7] which is believed to have a prognostic role in neuroblastoma. [8] AdoHcyase is significantly associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency, which classically manifests in severe combine immunodeficiency (SCID). Accumulated adenosine derivatives, dATPs, irreversibly bind to and inhibit AdoHcyase, promoting the buildup of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (due to equilibrium constant favors S-adenosyl-L-homocystine), a potent inhibitor of methyl transfer reactions. [9]
S-Adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() SAH hydrolase tetramer, Human | |||||||
Identifiers | |||||||
Symbol | AHCY | ||||||
NCBI gene | 191 | ||||||
HGNC | 343 | ||||||
OMIM | 180960 | ||||||
RefSeq | NM_000687 | ||||||
UniProt | P23526 | ||||||
Other data | |||||||
EC number | 3.3.1.1 | ||||||
Locus | Chr. 20 q11.22 | ||||||
|
S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() Structure of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase from rat liver.
[1] | |||||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||||
Symbol | Ad_hcy_hydrolase | ||||||||||
Pfam | PF05221 | ||||||||||
InterPro | IPR000043 | ||||||||||
PROSITE | PDOC00603 | ||||||||||
SCOP2 | 1b3r / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||||
|
AdoHcyase NAD-binding domain | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
![]() d244e mutant s-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase refined with noncrystallographic restraints | |||||||||
Identifiers | |||||||||
Symbol | AdoHcyase_NAD | ||||||||
Pfam | PF00670 | ||||||||
Pfam clan | CL0063 | ||||||||
InterPro | IPR015878 | ||||||||
PROSITE | PDOC00603 | ||||||||
SCOP2 | 1b3r / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
|
Adenosylhomocysteinase ( EC 3.13.2.1, S-adenosylhomocysteine synthase, S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, S-adenosylhomocysteinase, SAHase, AdoHcyase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) dependent, reversible hydrolysis of S-adenosylhomocysteine to homocysteine and adenosine. [2] [3]
AdoHcyase is a highly conserved protein [4] with about 430 to 470 amino acids. The family contains a glycine-rich region in the central part of AdoHcyase; a region thought to be involved in NAD-binding. AdoHcyase binds one NAD+ cofactor per subunit. This protein may use the morpheein model of allosteric regulation. [5]
Overall hydrolysis begins with dehydrogenative oxidation of the 3'-OH of the ribose by NAD+ (forming NADH). The resulting ketone is α-deprotonated to the enol before elimination of the homocysteine thiolate. Water then adds to the a,b-unsaturated ketone, before reduction of the resultant ketone by NADH.
AdoHcyase is encoded by the AHCY gene in humans, [6] [7] which is believed to have a prognostic role in neuroblastoma. [8] AdoHcyase is significantly associated with adenosine deaminase deficiency, which classically manifests in severe combine immunodeficiency (SCID). Accumulated adenosine derivatives, dATPs, irreversibly bind to and inhibit AdoHcyase, promoting the buildup of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (due to equilibrium constant favors S-adenosyl-L-homocystine), a potent inhibitor of methyl transfer reactions. [9]