Wind power is the use of
wind energy to generate useful work. Historically, wind power was used by
sails,
windmills and
windpumps, but today it is mostly used to generate electricity. This article deals only with wind power for electricity generation.
Today, wind power is generated almost completely with
wind turbines, generally grouped into
wind farms and connected to the
electrical grid.
In 2022, wind supplied over 2000
TWh of electricity, which was over 7% of world electricity and about 2% of world energy. With about 100
GW added during 2021, mostly
in China and the
United States, global installed wind power capacity exceeded 800 GW. To help meet the
Paris Agreement goals to
limit climate change, analysts say it should expand much faster - by over 1% of electricity generation per year. (Full article...)
In 2021
France reached a total of 18,676 megawatts (MW) installed
wind power capacity placing France at that time as the world's seventh largest wind power nation by installed capacity, behind the
United Kingdom and
Brazil and ahead of
Canada and
Italy. According to the
IEA the yearly wind production was 20.2 TWh in 2015, representing almost 23% of the 88.4 TWh from
renewable sources in France during that year. Wind provided 4.3% of the country's
electricity demand in 2015.
France has the second largest wind potential in Europe. The country's , wind power potential is due to its large land area and extensive agricultural landscape where turbines may be located more readily as well as access to considerable offshore resources. (Full article...)
The Xarolla Windmill at
Żurrieq,
Malta is
one of the windmills constructed by the
Order of St. John in the villages and towns of Malta. It was built in the 18th century and is presently one of the most preserved
windmills in Malta. The windmill is an agri-tourism attraction and is found in a complex of agricultural buildings such as a farmhouse, a chapel, catacombs and others. The windmill is also used as an art studio.
In 1674
Grand MasterNicolas Cotoner built five windmills around Malta, one of which was tax-Xarolla. Tax-Xarolla Windmill was built by Grand Master
Antonio Manoel de Vilhena in 1724. Sometimes after 1998, this was restored to its original working order. It is now the only functioning windmill on the islands of Malta. This is a valuable witness of local culture and heritage; it still has parts of the original mechanisms and can still grind the wheat. In the year 2000, this building was passed over to be administered by the Żurrieq Local Council and is intended to serve also as a cultural centre. The sails were extensively damaged in a gale on 18 March 2022. (Full article...)
Image 3
Xarolla Windmill
The Xarolla Windmill at
Żurrieq,
Malta is
one of the windmills constructed by the
Order of St. John in the villages and towns of Malta. It was built in the 18th century and is presently one of the most preserved
windmills in Malta. The windmill is an agri-tourism attraction and is found in a complex of agricultural buildings such as a farmhouse, a chapel, catacombs and others. The windmill is also used as an art studio.
In 1674
Grand MasterNicolas Cotoner built five windmills around Malta, one of which was tax-Xarolla. Tax-Xarolla Windmill was built by Grand Master
Antonio Manoel de Vilhena in 1724. Sometimes after 1998, this was restored to its original working order. It is now the only functioning windmill on the islands of Malta. This is a valuable witness of local culture and heritage; it still has parts of the original mechanisms and can still grind the wheat. In the year 2000, this building was passed over to be administered by the Żurrieq Local Council and is intended to serve also as a cultural centre. The sails were extensively damaged in a gale on 18 March 2022. (Full article...)
Image 4
Smock mill with
fantail (Sønderho, Fanø, Denmark) The smock mill is a type of
windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally
weatherboarded,
thatched, or
shingled tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind. This type of windmill got its name from its resemblance to
smocks worn by
farmers in an earlier period. (Full article...)
The site was listed in the
1996 World Monuments Watch by the
World Monuments Fund. Restoration began by the Barbados National Trust during the following summer. In 1997, financial support was provided by
American Express for emergency repairs. The mill was dismantled for restoration, and reopened in 1999. With all its original working parts having been preserved intact, the
sails were able to turn again after the project was completed, and cane was ground again after more than half a century. (Full article...)
This article lists the largest
offshore wind farms that are currently operational rated by
nameplate capacity. It also lists the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction, the largest proposed offshore wind farms, and offshore wind farms with notability other than size.
As of 2022,
Hornsea 2 in the United Kingdom is the largest offshore wind farm in the world at 1,386
MW. (Full article...)
Like many other Maltese windmills, it has a round central tower surrounded by a number of rooms. The sails and milling machinery have been restored, as have the miller's living-quarters. The museum also contains a large collection of traditional tools, mostly for
wood- and
iron-working. (Full article...)
Data is primarily from the
4C Offshore's Global Offshore Wind Farm Map and Database. Tariff data is supplied by the
Danish Energy Agency. The name of the Wind Farm is the name used by the Energy Company when referring to the Farm and is usually related to a shoal or the name of the nearest town on shore. The Wind Farm part is implied and hence omitted for ease of reading. (Full article...)
Image 12
A replica 18th century Dutch windmill fabricated recently in the Netherlands and then assembled on the shore of Lake Imba near Sakura, Japan, named in honour of 'The Love' (De Liefde), the first Dutch sailing vessel to reach Japan in 1600. Wind rights are rights relating to
windmills,
wind turbines and
wind power. Historically in
Continental Europe wind rights were manorial rights and obligations relating to the operation and profitability of windmills. In modern times, as wind becomes a more important source of power, rights relating to wind turbines and windmills are sometimes referred to as "wind rights". (Full article...)
Image 13
Mountlucas Wind Farm in Co Offaly This is a list of wind farms in the Republic of Ireland. Locations of all the wind farms which have coordinates below, may be seen on a map together by clicking "Map of all coordinates using OpenStreetMap" at the right side of this page. (Full article...)
Image 14
There are 19 operational wind farms in Latvia with capacity above 0.25 MW and 18 wind farms with capacity below 0.25 MW. (Full article...)
Image 15
This page is a list of power stations in
Japan that are publicly or privately owned. (Full article...)
Image 16
There are three operating offshore wind farms in the United States, and several more are in permitting or under construction. The
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management studies potential sites in federal waters for offshore wind energy development and leases sites to developers, who work with state regulatory agencies to interconnect and market their electricity. (Full article...)
Joseph Hall (1804-21 August 1871) and William Hoad purchased thirty hectares of farm land located on Metcalfe Road, Green Hill, at the original Crown sales in 1855. The following year they erected the windmill, using bluestone quarried on their property. (Full article...)
Most power stations in South Africa are owned and operated by the
state owned enterprise,
Eskom. These plants account for 80% of all the electricity produced in
South Africa and 45% of all electricity produced on the African continent. In terms of share of GDP in 2012,
South Africa was the 4th largest investor in renewable power in the world after
Uruguay,
Mauritius and
Costa Rica. (Full article...)
Brill windmill, a 17th-century post mill in
Buckinghamshire The post mill is the earliest type of European
windmill. Its defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single central vertical post. The vertical post is supported by four quarter bars. These are struts that steady the central post.
The body of the windmill can be turned around the central post to bring the sails into the wind. All post mills have an arm projecting from them on the side opposite the sails and reaching down to near ground level. With some, as at
Saxtead Green, the arm carries a
fantail to turn the mill automatically. With the others the arm serves to rotate the mill into the wind by hand. (Full article...)
A windmill is a structure that converts
wind power into
rotational energy using vanes called
sails or blades, by tradition specifically to
mill grain (
gristmills), but in some parts of the English-speaking world, the term has also been extended to encompass
windpumps,
wind turbines, and other applications. The term wind engine is also sometimes used to describe such devices. (Full article...)
Image 6The
rotor of a
gearless wind turbine being set. This particular turbine was prefabricated in Germany, before being shipped to the U.S. for assembly. (from Wind turbine)
Image 12Kiosk at the base of the
Lamma WindsNordex N50/800kW wind turbine on Lamma Island with displays showing current power output and cumulative energy produced. (from Wind turbines on public display)
Image 20Offshore windfarms, including floating windfarms, provide a small but growing fraction of total windfarm power generation. Such power generation capacity must grow substantially to help meet the
IEA's
Net Zero by 2050 pathway to combat climate change. (from Wind farm)
Image 34The first automatically operated wind turbine, built in Cleveland in 1887 by Charles F. Brush. It was 60 feet (18 m) tall, weighed 4 tons (3.6 metric tonnes) and powered a 12
kW generator. (from Wind turbine)
Image 35Components of a horizontal-axis wind turbine (from Wind turbine)
Image 38Illustration of the wind turbine for power generation erected by Josef Friedlaender at the International Electrical Exhibition in Vienna in 1883 (from Wind turbine)
Wind power is the use of
wind energy to generate useful work. Historically, wind power was used by
sails,
windmills and
windpumps, but today it is mostly used to generate electricity. This article deals only with wind power for electricity generation.
Today, wind power is generated almost completely with
wind turbines, generally grouped into
wind farms and connected to the
electrical grid.
In 2022, wind supplied over 2000
TWh of electricity, which was over 7% of world electricity and about 2% of world energy. With about 100
GW added during 2021, mostly
in China and the
United States, global installed wind power capacity exceeded 800 GW. To help meet the
Paris Agreement goals to
limit climate change, analysts say it should expand much faster - by over 1% of electricity generation per year. (Full article...)
In 2021
France reached a total of 18,676 megawatts (MW) installed
wind power capacity placing France at that time as the world's seventh largest wind power nation by installed capacity, behind the
United Kingdom and
Brazil and ahead of
Canada and
Italy. According to the
IEA the yearly wind production was 20.2 TWh in 2015, representing almost 23% of the 88.4 TWh from
renewable sources in France during that year. Wind provided 4.3% of the country's
electricity demand in 2015.
France has the second largest wind potential in Europe. The country's , wind power potential is due to its large land area and extensive agricultural landscape where turbines may be located more readily as well as access to considerable offshore resources. (Full article...)
The Xarolla Windmill at
Żurrieq,
Malta is
one of the windmills constructed by the
Order of St. John in the villages and towns of Malta. It was built in the 18th century and is presently one of the most preserved
windmills in Malta. The windmill is an agri-tourism attraction and is found in a complex of agricultural buildings such as a farmhouse, a chapel, catacombs and others. The windmill is also used as an art studio.
In 1674
Grand MasterNicolas Cotoner built five windmills around Malta, one of which was tax-Xarolla. Tax-Xarolla Windmill was built by Grand Master
Antonio Manoel de Vilhena in 1724. Sometimes after 1998, this was restored to its original working order. It is now the only functioning windmill on the islands of Malta. This is a valuable witness of local culture and heritage; it still has parts of the original mechanisms and can still grind the wheat. In the year 2000, this building was passed over to be administered by the Żurrieq Local Council and is intended to serve also as a cultural centre. The sails were extensively damaged in a gale on 18 March 2022. (Full article...)
Image 3
Xarolla Windmill
The Xarolla Windmill at
Żurrieq,
Malta is
one of the windmills constructed by the
Order of St. John in the villages and towns of Malta. It was built in the 18th century and is presently one of the most preserved
windmills in Malta. The windmill is an agri-tourism attraction and is found in a complex of agricultural buildings such as a farmhouse, a chapel, catacombs and others. The windmill is also used as an art studio.
In 1674
Grand MasterNicolas Cotoner built five windmills around Malta, one of which was tax-Xarolla. Tax-Xarolla Windmill was built by Grand Master
Antonio Manoel de Vilhena in 1724. Sometimes after 1998, this was restored to its original working order. It is now the only functioning windmill on the islands of Malta. This is a valuable witness of local culture and heritage; it still has parts of the original mechanisms and can still grind the wheat. In the year 2000, this building was passed over to be administered by the Żurrieq Local Council and is intended to serve also as a cultural centre. The sails were extensively damaged in a gale on 18 March 2022. (Full article...)
Image 4
Smock mill with
fantail (Sønderho, Fanø, Denmark) The smock mill is a type of
windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally
weatherboarded,
thatched, or
shingled tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind. This type of windmill got its name from its resemblance to
smocks worn by
farmers in an earlier period. (Full article...)
The site was listed in the
1996 World Monuments Watch by the
World Monuments Fund. Restoration began by the Barbados National Trust during the following summer. In 1997, financial support was provided by
American Express for emergency repairs. The mill was dismantled for restoration, and reopened in 1999. With all its original working parts having been preserved intact, the
sails were able to turn again after the project was completed, and cane was ground again after more than half a century. (Full article...)
This article lists the largest
offshore wind farms that are currently operational rated by
nameplate capacity. It also lists the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction, the largest proposed offshore wind farms, and offshore wind farms with notability other than size.
As of 2022,
Hornsea 2 in the United Kingdom is the largest offshore wind farm in the world at 1,386
MW. (Full article...)
Like many other Maltese windmills, it has a round central tower surrounded by a number of rooms. The sails and milling machinery have been restored, as have the miller's living-quarters. The museum also contains a large collection of traditional tools, mostly for
wood- and
iron-working. (Full article...)
Data is primarily from the
4C Offshore's Global Offshore Wind Farm Map and Database. Tariff data is supplied by the
Danish Energy Agency. The name of the Wind Farm is the name used by the Energy Company when referring to the Farm and is usually related to a shoal or the name of the nearest town on shore. The Wind Farm part is implied and hence omitted for ease of reading. (Full article...)
Image 12
A replica 18th century Dutch windmill fabricated recently in the Netherlands and then assembled on the shore of Lake Imba near Sakura, Japan, named in honour of 'The Love' (De Liefde), the first Dutch sailing vessel to reach Japan in 1600. Wind rights are rights relating to
windmills,
wind turbines and
wind power. Historically in
Continental Europe wind rights were manorial rights and obligations relating to the operation and profitability of windmills. In modern times, as wind becomes a more important source of power, rights relating to wind turbines and windmills are sometimes referred to as "wind rights". (Full article...)
Image 13
Mountlucas Wind Farm in Co Offaly This is a list of wind farms in the Republic of Ireland. Locations of all the wind farms which have coordinates below, may be seen on a map together by clicking "Map of all coordinates using OpenStreetMap" at the right side of this page. (Full article...)
Image 14
There are 19 operational wind farms in Latvia with capacity above 0.25 MW and 18 wind farms with capacity below 0.25 MW. (Full article...)
Image 15
This page is a list of power stations in
Japan that are publicly or privately owned. (Full article...)
Image 16
There are three operating offshore wind farms in the United States, and several more are in permitting or under construction. The
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management studies potential sites in federal waters for offshore wind energy development and leases sites to developers, who work with state regulatory agencies to interconnect and market their electricity. (Full article...)
Joseph Hall (1804-21 August 1871) and William Hoad purchased thirty hectares of farm land located on Metcalfe Road, Green Hill, at the original Crown sales in 1855. The following year they erected the windmill, using bluestone quarried on their property. (Full article...)
Most power stations in South Africa are owned and operated by the
state owned enterprise,
Eskom. These plants account for 80% of all the electricity produced in
South Africa and 45% of all electricity produced on the African continent. In terms of share of GDP in 2012,
South Africa was the 4th largest investor in renewable power in the world after
Uruguay,
Mauritius and
Costa Rica. (Full article...)
Brill windmill, a 17th-century post mill in
Buckinghamshire The post mill is the earliest type of European
windmill. Its defining feature is that the whole body of the mill that houses the machinery is mounted on a single central vertical post. The vertical post is supported by four quarter bars. These are struts that steady the central post.
The body of the windmill can be turned around the central post to bring the sails into the wind. All post mills have an arm projecting from them on the side opposite the sails and reaching down to near ground level. With some, as at
Saxtead Green, the arm carries a
fantail to turn the mill automatically. With the others the arm serves to rotate the mill into the wind by hand. (Full article...)
A windmill is a structure that converts
wind power into
rotational energy using vanes called
sails or blades, by tradition specifically to
mill grain (
gristmills), but in some parts of the English-speaking world, the term has also been extended to encompass
windpumps,
wind turbines, and other applications. The term wind engine is also sometimes used to describe such devices. (Full article...)
Image 6The
rotor of a
gearless wind turbine being set. This particular turbine was prefabricated in Germany, before being shipped to the U.S. for assembly. (from Wind turbine)
Image 12Kiosk at the base of the
Lamma WindsNordex N50/800kW wind turbine on Lamma Island with displays showing current power output and cumulative energy produced. (from Wind turbines on public display)
Image 20Offshore windfarms, including floating windfarms, provide a small but growing fraction of total windfarm power generation. Such power generation capacity must grow substantially to help meet the
IEA's
Net Zero by 2050 pathway to combat climate change. (from Wind farm)
Image 34The first automatically operated wind turbine, built in Cleveland in 1887 by Charles F. Brush. It was 60 feet (18 m) tall, weighed 4 tons (3.6 metric tonnes) and powered a 12
kW generator. (from Wind turbine)
Image 35Components of a horizontal-axis wind turbine (from Wind turbine)
Image 38Illustration of the wind turbine for power generation erected by Josef Friedlaender at the International Electrical Exhibition in Vienna in 1883 (from Wind turbine)
Map of available wind power over the United States. Colour codes indicate wind power density class. (from Wind farm)
Offshore wind turbines near Copenhagen, Denmark. (from Wind farm)
San Gorgonio Pass wind farm, California (from Wind farm)
Cross section of a post mill (from Windmill)
The rotor of a gearless wind turbine being set. This particular turbine was prefabricated in Germany, before being shipped to the U.S. for assembly. (from Wind turbine)
James Blyth's electricity-generating wind turbine, photographed in 1891 (from Wind turbine)
Interior view, Pantigo windmill, East Hampton, New York Historic American Buildings Survey (from Windmill)
Kiosk at the base of the Lamma Winds Nordex N50/800kW wind turbine on Lamma Island with displays showing current power output and cumulative energy produced. (from Wind turbines on public display)
Part of the Biglow Canyon Wind Farm, Oregon, United States with a turbine under construction (from Wind farm)
Nacelle of a wind turbine (from Wind turbine)
An isometric drawing of the machinery of the Beebe Windmill (from Windmill)
South Brooklyn Marine Terminal Wind Turbine (from Wind turbines on public display)
Egbert Livensz van der Poel, Windmill Fire (17th century), National Museum in Kraków (from Windmill)
An aerial view of Whitelee Wind Farm, the largest onshore wind farm in the UK and second-largest in Europe (from Wind farm)
Technical drawing of a 1793 Dutch smock mill for land drainage (from Windmill)
A small Quietrevolution QR5 Gorlov type vertical axis wind turbine in Bristol, England. Measuring 3 m in diameter and 5 m high, it has a nameplate rating of 6.5 kW to the grid. (from Wind turbine)
Jhimpir Wind Farm, Pakistan (from Wind farm)
The Pubnico Wind Farm taken from Beach Point, Lower East Pubnico, Nova Scotia (from Wind farm)
The Hancock County wind energy center in Iowa (from Wind turbines on public display)
The first automatically operated wind turbine, built in Cleveland in 1887 by Charles F. Brush. It was 60 feet (18 m) tall, weighed 4 tons (3.6 metric tonnes) and powered a 12 kW generator. (from Wind turbine)
Components of a horizontal-axis wind turbine (from Wind turbine)
Northern Iowa wind farm (from Wind farm)
A vertical axis Twisted Savonius type turbine. (from Wind turbine)
Illustration of the wind turbine for power generation erected by Josef Friedlaender at the International Electrical Exhibition in Vienna in 1883 (from Wind turbine)
The Nordex N50 wind turbine and visitor centre of Lamma Winds in Hong Kong, China (from Wind turbine)
Wind farm interference (in yellow circle) on radar map (from Wind farm)
Development in size and power of wind turbines, 1990–2016 (from Wind turbine)
The windmills at Kinderdijk in the village of Kinderdijk, Netherlands is a UNESCO World Heritage Site (from Windmill)
Roscoe Wind Farm, an onshore wind farm, in West Texas (from Wind farm)
Components of a horizontal axis wind turbine (gearbox, rotor shaft and brake assembly) being lifted into position (from Wind turbine)
Hooper's Mill, Margate, Kent, an eighteenth-century European horizontal windmill (from Windmill)
Workers inspect wind turbine blades. (from Wind turbine)
Offshore Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines (HAWTs) at Scroby Sands Wind Farm, England (from Wind turbine)
Inside view of a wind turbine tower, showing the tendon cables (from Wind turbine)
Nashtifan wind turbines in Sistan, Iran (from Wind turbine)
The three primary types: VAWT Savonius, HAWT towered; VAWT Darrieus as they appear in operation (from Wind turbine)
Thorntonbank Wind Farm, using 5 MW turbines REpower 5M in the North Sea off the coast of Belgium (from Wind turbine)
The Persian horizontal windmill, the first practical windmill. (from Windmill)
The Gansu Wind Farm in China is the largest wind farm in the world, with a target capacity of 20,000 MW by 2020. (from Wind farm)
De Valk windmill in mourning position following the death of Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands in 1962 (from Windmill)
Oilmill De Zoeker, paintmill De Kat and paltrok sawmill De Gekroonde Poelenburg at the Zaanse Schans (from Windmill)
1813 technical drawing (from Windmill)
Gouda Wind Facility, South Africa (from Wind farm)
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