Halvaria | |
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Important halvarian groups. Clockwise from top-left: a water mold ( Oomycetes), a brown alga ( Phaeophyta), some diatoms ( Bacillariophyta), some dinoflagellates ( Miozoa), some ciliates ( Ciliophora) and an opalinid ( Bigyra). | |
Scientific classification
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Domain: | Eukaryota |
Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
Subkingdom: | SAR |
Infrakingdom: |
Halvaria Cavalier-Smith 2010 |
Superphyla and phyla [1] | |
|
Halvaria is a taxonomic grouping of protists that includes Alveolata and Stramenopiles (Heterokonta). [2]
Analyses in 2007 and 2008 revealed that the Stramenopiles and the Alveolata are related, and form a reduced clade of what were seen to be a paraphyletic group, the chromalveolates. The two clades together with the Rhizaria (originally one of the six major eukaryote groups) form a clade dubbed the SAR supergroup. [3] [4] [5]
A phylogenomic analysis from 2016 cast doubt on Halvaria, suggesting that Alveolata is the sister group to Rhizaria (making the R + A clade) through new rhizarian sequence data, and that support for Halvaria might be an artifact of low taxon sampling as well as long branch attraction. [6]
However, later analyses from 2021 support Halvaria as a solid clade. [7]
SAR Supergroup |
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Halvaria | |
---|---|
Important halvarian groups. Clockwise from top-left: a water mold ( Oomycetes), a brown alga ( Phaeophyta), some diatoms ( Bacillariophyta), some dinoflagellates ( Miozoa), some ciliates ( Ciliophora) and an opalinid ( Bigyra). | |
Scientific classification
![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
Subkingdom: | SAR |
Infrakingdom: |
Halvaria Cavalier-Smith 2010 |
Superphyla and phyla [1] | |
|
Halvaria is a taxonomic grouping of protists that includes Alveolata and Stramenopiles (Heterokonta). [2]
Analyses in 2007 and 2008 revealed that the Stramenopiles and the Alveolata are related, and form a reduced clade of what were seen to be a paraphyletic group, the chromalveolates. The two clades together with the Rhizaria (originally one of the six major eukaryote groups) form a clade dubbed the SAR supergroup. [3] [4] [5]
A phylogenomic analysis from 2016 cast doubt on Halvaria, suggesting that Alveolata is the sister group to Rhizaria (making the R + A clade) through new rhizarian sequence data, and that support for Halvaria might be an artifact of low taxon sampling as well as long branch attraction. [6]
However, later analyses from 2021 support Halvaria as a solid clade. [7]
SAR Supergroup |
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