Ghk.
| Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase | |||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 3.4.19.9 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9074-87-7 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
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| GGH | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | GGH, GH, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, GATD10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 601509; MGI: 1329035; HomoloGene: 2881; GeneCards: GGH; OMA: GGH - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is an enzyme [5] [6] [7] [8] that catalyses the following chemical reaction:
- Hydrolysis of a gamma-glutamyl bond
This lysosomal or secreted, thiol-dependent peptidase, most active at acidic pH.
In humans, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is encoded by the GGH gene. [7] [9] [10] This gene catalyzes the hydrolysis of folylpoly-gamma-glutamates and antifolylpoly-gamma-glutamates by the removal of gamma-linked polyglutamates and glutamate. [10]
Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is also known as conjugase, folate conjugase, lysosomal gamma-glutamyl carboxypeptidase, gamma-Glu-X carboxypeptidase, pteroyl-poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolase, carboxypeptidase G, folic acid conjugase, poly(gamma-glutamic acid) endohydrolase, polyglutamate hydrolase, poly(glutamic acid) hydrolase II, pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamyl hydrolase.
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. [§ 1]
- ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "FluoropyrimidineActivity_WP1601".
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137563 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000073987 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Wang Y, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Dias JA, Galivan J (August 1993). "The properties of the secreted gamma-glutamyl hydrolases from H35 hepatoma cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1164 (3): 227–35. doi: 10.1016/0167-4838(93)90253-n. PMID 8343522.
- ^ Yao R, Rhee MS, Galivan J (September 1995). "Effects of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase on folyl and antifolylpolyglutamates in cultured H35 hepatoma cells". Mol. Pharmacol. 48 (3): 505–11. PMID 7565632.
- ^ a b Yao R, Schneider E, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (September 1996). "Human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase: cloning and characterization of the enzyme expressed in vitro". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (19): 10134–8. Bibcode: 1996PNAS...9310134Y. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.19.10134. PMC 38349. PMID 8816764.
- ^ Yao R, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (April 1996). "Identification, cloning, and sequencing of a cDNA coding for rat gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8525–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.15.8525. PMID 8621474.
- ^ Yin D, Chave KJ, Macaluso CR, Galivan J, Yao R (Dec 1999). "Structural organization of the human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase gene". Gene. 238 (2): 463–70. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00362-5. PMID 10570974.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GGH gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (conjugase, folylpolygammaglutamyl hydrolase)". Archived from the original on 2022-12-12. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
- Galivan J, Ryan T, Rhee M, et al. (1999). "Glutamyl hydrolase: properties and pharmacologic impact". Semin. Oncol. 26 (2 Suppl 6): 33–7. PMID 10598552.
- O'Connor BM, Rotundo RF, Nimec Z, et al. (1991). "Secretion of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in vitro". Cancer Res. 51 (15): 3874–81. PMID 1713122.
- Chandler CJ, Wang TT, Halsted CH (1986). "Pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal brush borders. Purification and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (2): 928–33. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36185-9. PMID 2867095.
- Wang TT, Chandler CJ, Halsted CH (1986). "Intracellular pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal mucosa. Isolation and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (29): 13551–5. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)67054-1. PMID 3759978.
- Yao R, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (1996). "Identification, cloning, and sequencing of a cDNA coding for rat gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8525–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.15.8525. PMID 8621474.
- Rhee MS, Lindau-Shepard B, Chave KJ, et al. (1998). "Characterization of human cellular gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". Mol. Pharmacol. 53 (6): 1040–6. PMID 9614206.
- Li H, Ryan TJ, Chave KJ, Van Roey P (2002). "Three-dimensional structure of human gamma -glutamyl hydrolase. A class I glatamine amidotransferase adapted for a complex substrate". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (27): 24522–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M202020200. PMID 11953431.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Basrur V, Yang F, Kushimoto T, et al. (2003). "Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins". J. Proteome Res. 2 (1): 69–79. doi: 10.1021/pr025562r. PMID 12643545.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi: 10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- He P, Varticovski L, Bowman ED, et al. (2004). "Identification of carboxypeptidase E and gamma-glutamyl hydrolase as biomarkers for pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors by cDNA microarray". Hum. Pathol. 35 (10): 1196–209. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2004.06.014. PMID 15492986. Archived from the original on 2022-10-15. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
- Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode: 2005Natur.437.1173R. doi: 10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
- Eisele LE, Chave KJ, Lehning AC, Ryan TJ (2006). "Characterization of Human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in solution demonstrates that the enzyme is a non-dissociating homodimer". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1764 (9): 1479–86. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.06.008. PMID 16945597.
- Chi A, Valencia JC, Hu ZZ, et al. (2007). "Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes". J. Proteome Res. 5 (11): 3135–44. doi: 10.1021/pr060363j. PMID 17081065.
- Hayashi H, Fujimaki C, Inoue K, et al. (2007). "Genetic polymorphism of C452T (T127I) in human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in a Japanese population". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30 (4): 839–41. doi: 10.1248/bpb.30.839. PMID 17409534.
- Gamma-glutamyl+hydrolase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q92820 (Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase) at the PDBe-KB.
PDB gallery | |
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Ghk.
| Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC no. | 3.4.19.9 | ||||||||
| CAS no. | 9074-87-7 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
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| GGH | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Aliases | GGH, GH, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase, GATD10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 601509; MGI: 1329035; HomoloGene: 2881; GeneCards: GGH; OMA: GGH - orthologs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is an enzyme [5] [6] [7] [8] that catalyses the following chemical reaction:
- Hydrolysis of a gamma-glutamyl bond
This lysosomal or secreted, thiol-dependent peptidase, most active at acidic pH.
In humans, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is encoded by the GGH gene. [7] [9] [10] This gene catalyzes the hydrolysis of folylpoly-gamma-glutamates and antifolylpoly-gamma-glutamates by the removal of gamma-linked polyglutamates and glutamate. [10]
Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase is also known as conjugase, folate conjugase, lysosomal gamma-glutamyl carboxypeptidase, gamma-Glu-X carboxypeptidase, pteroyl-poly-gamma-glutamate hydrolase, carboxypeptidase G, folic acid conjugase, poly(gamma-glutamic acid) endohydrolase, polyglutamate hydrolase, poly(glutamic acid) hydrolase II, pteroylpoly-gamma-glutamyl hydrolase.
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. [§ 1]
- ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "FluoropyrimidineActivity_WP1601".
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000137563 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000073987 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ Wang Y, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Dias JA, Galivan J (August 1993). "The properties of the secreted gamma-glutamyl hydrolases from H35 hepatoma cells". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1164 (3): 227–35. doi: 10.1016/0167-4838(93)90253-n. PMID 8343522.
- ^ Yao R, Rhee MS, Galivan J (September 1995). "Effects of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase on folyl and antifolylpolyglutamates in cultured H35 hepatoma cells". Mol. Pharmacol. 48 (3): 505–11. PMID 7565632.
- ^ a b Yao R, Schneider E, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (September 1996). "Human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase: cloning and characterization of the enzyme expressed in vitro". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93 (19): 10134–8. Bibcode: 1996PNAS...9310134Y. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.19.10134. PMC 38349. PMID 8816764.
- ^ Yao R, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (April 1996). "Identification, cloning, and sequencing of a cDNA coding for rat gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8525–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.15.8525. PMID 8621474.
- ^ Yin D, Chave KJ, Macaluso CR, Galivan J, Yao R (Dec 1999). "Structural organization of the human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase gene". Gene. 238 (2): 463–70. doi: 10.1016/S0378-1119(99)00362-5. PMID 10570974.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GGH gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (conjugase, folylpolygammaglutamyl hydrolase)". Archived from the original on 2022-12-12. Retrieved 2017-08-31.
- Galivan J, Ryan T, Rhee M, et al. (1999). "Glutamyl hydrolase: properties and pharmacologic impact". Semin. Oncol. 26 (2 Suppl 6): 33–7. PMID 10598552.
- O'Connor BM, Rotundo RF, Nimec Z, et al. (1991). "Secretion of gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in vitro". Cancer Res. 51 (15): 3874–81. PMID 1713122.
- Chandler CJ, Wang TT, Halsted CH (1986). "Pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal brush borders. Purification and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (2): 928–33. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36185-9. PMID 2867095.
- Wang TT, Chandler CJ, Halsted CH (1986). "Intracellular pteroylpolyglutamate hydrolase from human jejunal mucosa. Isolation and characterization". J. Biol. Chem. 261 (29): 13551–5. doi: 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)67054-1. PMID 3759978.
- Yao R, Nimec Z, Ryan TJ, Galivan J (1996). "Identification, cloning, and sequencing of a cDNA coding for rat gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (15): 8525–8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.271.15.8525. PMID 8621474.
- Rhee MS, Lindau-Shepard B, Chave KJ, et al. (1998). "Characterization of human cellular gamma-glutamyl hydrolase". Mol. Pharmacol. 53 (6): 1040–6. PMID 9614206.
- Li H, Ryan TJ, Chave KJ, Van Roey P (2002). "Three-dimensional structure of human gamma -glutamyl hydrolase. A class I glatamine amidotransferase adapted for a complex substrate". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (27): 24522–9. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M202020200. PMID 11953431.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Basrur V, Yang F, Kushimoto T, et al. (2003). "Proteomic analysis of early melanosomes: identification of novel melanosomal proteins". J. Proteome Res. 2 (1): 69–79. doi: 10.1021/pr025562r. PMID 12643545.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi: 10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- He P, Varticovski L, Bowman ED, et al. (2004). "Identification of carboxypeptidase E and gamma-glutamyl hydrolase as biomarkers for pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors by cDNA microarray". Hum. Pathol. 35 (10): 1196–209. doi: 10.1016/j.humpath.2004.06.014. PMID 15492986. Archived from the original on 2022-10-15. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
- Rual JF, Venkatesan K, Hao T, et al. (2005). "Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein interaction network". Nature. 437 (7062): 1173–8. Bibcode: 2005Natur.437.1173R. doi: 10.1038/nature04209. PMID 16189514. S2CID 4427026.
- Eisele LE, Chave KJ, Lehning AC, Ryan TJ (2006). "Characterization of Human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in solution demonstrates that the enzyme is a non-dissociating homodimer". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1764 (9): 1479–86. doi: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.06.008. PMID 16945597.
- Chi A, Valencia JC, Hu ZZ, et al. (2007). "Proteomic and bioinformatic characterization of the biogenesis and function of melanosomes". J. Proteome Res. 5 (11): 3135–44. doi: 10.1021/pr060363j. PMID 17081065.
- Hayashi H, Fujimaki C, Inoue K, et al. (2007). "Genetic polymorphism of C452T (T127I) in human gamma-glutamyl hydrolase in a Japanese population". Biol. Pharm. Bull. 30 (4): 839–41. doi: 10.1248/bpb.30.839. PMID 17409534.
- Gamma-glutamyl+hydrolase at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q92820 (Gamma-glutamyl hydrolase) at the PDBe-KB.
PDB gallery | |
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