^Smaldone, Joseph P. (1992). "National Security". In
Metz, Helen Chapin (ed.).
Nigeria: a country study. Area Handbook (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. pp. 296–297.
LCCN92009026. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
^"LIFE IN PN:RANKS". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Pakistan Navy Official Website. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
^"SAF Rank Insignias". mindef.gov.sg. Ministry of Defence (Singapore). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
^"Rank Insignia". navy.mil.za. Department of Defence (South Africa). Archived from
the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
^"الرتب العسكرية" [Military ranks]. mod.gov.sd/ (in Arabic). Republic of Sudan Ministry of Defence. Archived from
the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2021.
^Smaldone, Joseph P. (1992). "National Security". In
Metz, Helen Chapin (ed.).
Nigeria: a country study. Area Handbook (5th ed.). Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress. pp. 296–297.
LCCN92009026. Retrieved 21 October 2021.
^"LIFE IN PN:RANKS". www.paknavy.gov.pk. Pakistan Navy Official Website. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
^"SAF Rank Insignias". mindef.gov.sg. Ministry of Defence (Singapore). Retrieved 7 June 2021.
^"Rank Insignia". navy.mil.za. Department of Defence (South Africa). Archived from
the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2021.
^"الرتب العسكرية" [Military ranks]. mod.gov.sd/ (in Arabic). Republic of Sudan Ministry of Defence. Archived from
the original on 19 November 2019. Retrieved 1 July 2021.